Chin woo stadium analysis report
55
ARCHITECTURE CULTURE & HISTORY 2 [ARC 60203] Project 2: Web Book (Group & Individual) CHIN WOO STADIUM Group Member: TAN WEN HAO 0319923 TANG ZE ZHENG 0318967 TOH KEAN HOU 0319575 WONG ZHEN FAI 0317890 YONG YU JOON 0318299
Transcript of Chin woo stadium analysis report
ARCHITECTURE CULTURE & HISTORY 2 [ARC 60203]
Project 2: Web Book (Group & Individual)
CHIN WOO STADIUM
GroupMember:
TAN WEN HAO 0319923
TANG ZE ZHENG 0318967
TOH KEAN HOU 0319575
WONG ZHEN FAI 0317890
YONG YU JOON 0318299
2
1.0INTRODUCTION(Groupcomponent)
• 1.1FastFacts
• 1.2HistoryofChinWooStadium
• 1.3TheArchitect
Pg4
Pg5
Pg8
Pg9
2.0SITECONTEXTANALYSIS(byWongZhenFai)
• 2.1Siteaccessibility
• 2.2Buildingaccessibility
• 2.3Localclimate
• 2.4Climateresponse
• 2.5Relationshipofbuildingtosurrounding
Pg10
Pg10
Pg13
Pg14
Pg15
Pg19
3.0ARCHITECTURALLAYOUT(byTanWenHao)
• 3.1Introduction
• 3.2Elevations(Façades)analysis
• 3.3Organizationanalysis
• 3.4Scale(VisualScale,HumanScale) • 3.5Circulationtousespace(Publicvs.Privatespace)
Pg20
Pg20
Pg21
Pg22
Pg24
Pg25
4.0ARCHITECTURALSTYLE(byYongYuJoon)
• 4.1IntroductiontoArtDecostyle
• 4.2ArtModerneinChinWooStadium
• 4.3ComparisonofArchitecturalStyle
Pg28
Pg28
Pg31
Pg35
5.0BUILDINGCONSTRUCTION(byTangZeZheng)
• 5.1StructuralsysteminChinWooStadium
• 5.2BuildingmaterialsusedinChinWooStadium
• 5.3Comparisonofbuildingconstruction
Pg37
Pg37
Pg42
Pg45
TableofContent
3
6.0ARCHITECTURALELEMENTS(byTohKeanHou)
• 6.1Flooring-Parquetflooring
• 6.2Windows–Bowwindows
• 6.3Staircase–U-stairs
• 6.4Roof–Flatroof
• 6.5Wall
• 6.6FenestrationinChinWoostadium
• 6.7ShadingofChinWoostadium
Pg46
Pg46
Pg47
Pg48
Pg50
Pg51
Pg53
Pg53
7.0CONCLUSION(Groupcomponent) Pg54
8.0REFERENCE(Groupcomponent) Pg55
4
1.0 Introduction
(Photos-by-WongZhenFai)
KlangValleyisarichsourceofarchitecturalheritagedatedfrompre-colonial,colonial
andpost-independenceuntilpresenttimes.Thehistoricalrichnesscreatesaveryvibrant
architecturalfabric.Themodernarchitectureemergesrapidlyfrom1950’sto1970’sas
economicgrowthspurs.Thisfollowstheinternationalstylethatspreadsacrosstheworldin
1930’sto50’s.However,manyhistoricalmodernisticbuildingsmayfaceriskofbeing
demolishedtomakewayformorecontemporarybuildings.Thus,byrecording,
documentingandanalysingthebuildings,wecancontributetopreservethehistorical
evidenceofthevaluablemodernarchitectureinKlangValley.
5
ThebuildingwehaveselectedisChinWooStadiumlocatedatJalanHangJebat,Kuala
Lumpur.Locatedattheheartofthecapital,fewdonotknowitsname.
Chinwoostadiumremainsperchedonitshillsinceitsgrandopeningin1953.Many
havelongforgotthemanysportingandentertainmenteventsheldthere.Itwasthefirst
sportsfacilityoperatedbytheChinWooSportsAssociationwithanOlympicsizedswimming
pool.
1.1FastFacts1.1.1ActivitiesheldinChinWoo:
1) MartialArts
(Images-from-http://www.chinwoo.org.my)
Themajorobjectives:
Topromotetheinteresttothepublicandmemberstotakeuptrainingandtopopularize
theWushuactivitiesbothintraditionalroutinesandthecompetitionsets,alsotoconduct
researchstudies,seminarsortrainingsforadvancedWushuclasses.
TheroleoftheWushuActivityBureauistopublicizeandpromoteChinWoomartialarts
throughtwomajorintentions,whichare:
1. TopromotetheChinWooWushuandtowin
2. WorldwideRecognition
3. TocultivateWushuspecialiststotaketheresponsibilitytopassdowntheWushu
knowledgesothatitwon’tvanquish
6
2) LiteraryCulture
(Images-from-http://www.chinwoo.org.my)
Chinesepaintingclass:
Chinesepaintinglessonsincludepaintingfromthenaturalenvironment.For
instance,studentspaintedfromthenatureatHuangShan,Chinaandhavesuccessfully
organizedanartexhibition.Activitiessuchasforums,Chinesefluidpaintingexhibitions
werealsoorganised.
Calligraphyclass:
Chinesecalligraphyisamethodforpsychologycultivationtraining.ChinwooChinese
calligraphyclassmainlyeducatestheKaiTi,XingTi,LiShu,CaoShuandothercalligraphy
styles.ActivitiessuchChinesecalligraphycompetitions,tabletalksandexhibitionswerealso
organised.
1.1.2ChinWooAthleticAssociation
ChinWooLogoGrandmasterHuaYuanJia(Images-from-http://www.chinwoo.org.my)
7
TenChinWooConcepts
①ChinWooconceptofMan
Totrainphysically,intellectuallyandmorallytoachieveallroundability
②ChinWooconceptofCharacter
Tobejustandclean,torespectothersandself
③ChinWooconceptofDemeanour
Tobehonestandfrankandtoloveandtreatothersuniversallyandequally
④ChinWooconceptofWordsandDeeds:
Tojustifyone'sbehaviourandmannerswithhiswordsanddeeds
⑤ChinWooconceptofTrustworthiness:
Tohonoureverypledgeandpromise
⑥ChinWooconceptofPunctuality:
Tobepunctualinappointmentseekandnopardon
⑦ChinWooconceptofJustice:
Toupholdjusticeimpartially
⑧ChinWooconceptofService:
Toserveandnottobeserved
⑨ChinWooconceptofWelfare:
Togiveandnottotake
⑩ChinWooconceptofFraternity:
Toloveothersandselflikebrothers
8
1.2HistoryofChinWooStadium
1920
- ChinWooSchoolwasformedandwasbuiltonPasarRoad
1930s
-ChinWooSportsAssociationwasformed
-Establishedmanyaimssuchasbuildingastadium
-UnfortunatelyallactivitiesstoppedduetoWorldWarII.
1947
-Gatheredenoughfundstopurchasethelandwhichthestadiumcurrentlystandson
-TheBoardCommitteedevotedfullyintobuildinganewstadium
1950s
- ThenewbuildingforChinWooSchoolPasarRoadwascompleted- NameoftheschoolchangedtoSJK(C)CHINWOOundertheaidofthegovernment
withtheamountofapproximately1800students- ChinWooStadiumbeganconstructionandwascompletedin1953- TheopeningwasofficiatedbySirMcDonald,thethenHighCommissionerofGreat
Britain- Ayearlater,theconstructionoftheOlympicsizedswimmingpoolwascompleted
andaddedtothestadiumfacilities- ThenumberofmembersslowlyincreasedtothethousandsandselectedNational
representativesstartedtotraininChinWoo- ManynamesweregivenbythelocalssuchasChinWooShanwhichmeansChinWoo
Hillasitwereitsgoldenages
1970s
- ChinWoosoldafewofitspropertiestocopewithrisingexpensesandwasfacedwithhugedebts
- Manyactivitieshadtostopduetobudgetcuts- ChinWooCourtwasbuiltanduseasitsmainsourceofincomeandeventuallythe
debtsweresettled- Untiltoday,ChinWooAthleticAssociationSelangorandKualaLumpurcontinuesto
conductmanyactivitiessuchasMartialArts,RecreationalCulture,Swimming,andsports
9
1.3TheArchitect
)
Dato'Y.T.Lee,alsoLeeYoonThimwasaMalaysianChinesearchitectactivein
KualaLumpurinthe1950sand1960s.Hehelped‘BuildMerdeka’afterMalaysian
Independence,1963.Hemovedintoelitecircles,andheldseveralpositionsinthenational
governmentandintheChinesecommunity.HewasaclosefriendtoPrimeMinisterTuanku
AbdulRahmanandotherpoliticalfigures.
HedesignedseveralofKualaLumpur'slandmarkbuildings,suchas:ChinWoo
Stadium,UMNObuilding,DewanBahasadanPustaka,FederalHotel,KampungBaru
Mosque,Ar-RahmanMosqueandtheMasjidAl-Ubudiyah.Inadditiontohisfamous
mosquesinKualaLumpur,healsoworkedonMiddleEasternandIslamicarchitecture
projectssuchasMasjidAl-UbudiyahinHuluSelangorwhichisopenedin1960.Whenthis
masjidwasbuilt,therewasnoelectricity.However,ithassincebeenusedasateaching
placebythelocals.
Intheearly1960s,aseriesofhonourscamehisway:in1960,hewasgrantedthe
appellationofP.J.K.;in1961,hewashonouredasJusticeofPeaceandJ.M.Nin1962;he
washonouredasDato'in1964,anhonorificsimilartotheBritish"Sir".
(Image-from-http://www.chinwoo.org.my)
(Image-from-www.sleeplessinkl.com)
(Image-from-www.beautifulmosque.com)
10
2.0SITECONTEXTANALYSIS(byWongZhenFai0317890)
2.1SiteAccessibilityChinWooStadiumcanonlybeaccessedbyJalanHangJebat.Thepathisa2-lane
asphaltroadwhichthendivergesinto2directions;continuationofmainroadanda
narrower1-laneroadwhichleadstothestadium.Thenarrowpaththenascendsonaslope
andendsatthetopofthehillwherethestadiumislocated.
Figure-1.0–Traffic-flow-of-Jalan-Hang-Jebat
Figure-1.1–Site-accessibility(Map-from-Google-Maps)
UPHILLTOWARDS
CHINWOOSTADIUM
11
Thereareseveralnoticeablelandmarksalongthepaththathasmadethestadium
easiertolocate.UponarrivingatJalanHangJebat(facingNorthwest),theeye-catching
architectureofStadiumNegarastandsoutontheleftwhereasanSJK(C)schoolwith
prominentpedimentscanbeseenontheright.Oncefurtherdowntheroadnearthe
crossroads,severalsignsandbannersoftheMalaysianBasketballAssociation(MABA)
buildingcanbeeasilyspotted.Afterturningintothenarrowpathatthefootofthehill,a
seafoodrestaurantcanbeseen.Upuntilthispoint,poorplanninghasresultedinminimal
signsshowingthedirectiontowardsChinWooStadium.Thestadiumisonlyvisibleafter
reachingtheendoftheslope.Siteaccessibilityispoorduetothefactthatthestadiumis
tuckedawayonahillcoveredbytreesandisnotvisiblefromtheroad.
Figure-1.2–Building-landmarks-nearby(Map-from-Google-Maps)
1
2
21
CHINWOOSTADIUM
STADIUMNEGARA
STADIUMMERDEKA
SJK(C)JALANDAVIDSON
MABA SEAFOODRESTAURAN
TT
12
Figure-1.3–SJK(C)-Jalan-Davidson-and-its-prominent-pediments(Imagefromwww.panaromio.com)
Figure-1.4–Stadium-Negara(Image-from-www.myphotoeye.info)
Figure-1.5-–Malaysian-Basketball-Association-MABA(Image-from-Google-Street-View)
13
2.2BuildingAccessibility
Uponreachingtheparkinglot,thefaçadeofthestadiumisclearlyvisible.The
approachtothestadiumisafrontalapproach.Itdirectstheviewer’sattentiontowardsthe
mainentrancewiththeentranceactingasthevisualgoalthatterminatestheapproach.
Therefore,themainentrance(facingnorthwest)iscleartotheusersresultinginagood
buildingaccessibility.
Figure-1.6–View-from-the
parking-lot(Photo-by-
Wong-Zhen-Fai)
Figure-1.7–Frontal-
approach(Photo-by-Wong-
Zhen-Fai)
14
2.3LocalClimate
Before-analysing-the-building-response-to-climate,-we-must-first-understand-the-
tropicalclimate-of-Malaysia.
Hotandhumidthroughouttheyear,thelocalaveragetemperaturerangesbetween
25to35degrees.Thetemperatureisusuallywarmerinurbanareasduetothewarmair
trappedinsidethecitieswhereasthesurroundingislandsandcoastalareasaremuchcooler
andblessedwithcoolbreezes,thusattractingnumeroustourists.
Figure-1.9–Temperature-graph-of-KL(Diagram-from-www.weather-and-climate.com)
2.3.1MonsoonSeason
Malaysiahas2majormonsoonseasonsand2inter-monsoonseasons.
SouthwestMonsoon:TheseasonbeginsaroundMayandendsinSeptemberwithlightprevailingwind(<15knots)fromthesouthwest.
NortheastMonsoon:TheseasonbeginsinearlyNovemberandendsinMarchwithsteadywind(10-20knots)fromthenortheast.
Inter-monsoon:These2shortseasonsoccurinbetweenthe2majormonsoonswithlightandvariablewinds.
Figure-2.0–Direction-of-monsoon-seasons(Map-from-http://forums.osclass.org/themes/need-malaysia-rollover-map/)
NortheastMonsoon
SoutheastMonsoon
15
2.4ClimateResponseMostlocalbuildingshaveemployedavarietyofstrategiestocopewiththehotandhumidclimateofMalaysia.SinceChinWooStadiumissituatedonthetopofahill,itwillnaturallybefullyexposedtotheintensityofthe-Sunespeciallyduringpeakhours.Toavoidtheincreaseininteriortemperature,thestadiumhasincorporatedseveralsolutions.
Figure-2.1–Sun-pFigure-2.1–Sun-peak-intensity-(Map-from-Google-Maps)
2.4.1Cantileveredwindowshades
11am2pmSUN-PEAK-INTENSITY
Figure-2.2–Cantileveredwindowshades-(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
16
2.4.2Naturalventilation
AsChin-Woo-Stadiumisanindoorsportsstadiumandairconditioningwasuncommoninthe50s,ventilationportholesandslitsweretheonlyrationalwayofcoolingtheinterior.
WINDOWSHADE
SHADEDAREA
Figure-2.4–Sunlight-+-Shade-diagram
As less sunlight enters through thewindows into the building, the interiortemperaturenaturallycoolsdown, thus,increasingusercomfort.
VENTILATIONSLITS
Figure-2.3–Cantileveredwindowshades-(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Theseslitsdirectwindintothestadiumhall
Figure-2.5–Exteriorviewofventilationslits(Photofromwww.skyscrapercity.com)
WINDOW
SHADEDAREA
17
Figure-2.6–Interiorviewofventilationslits(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Figure-2.7–Ventilationslits-(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Insteadofjustplacingventilationslitsonthehighersectionofthehall,ventilationportholeswerealsoplacedonthelowersectionstofurtherimprovethenaturalventilation.
Figure-2.8–Interiorviewofventilationportholes-(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
VENTILATIONSLITS
18
Figure-2.9–Ventilationportholes-(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Thebuildingorientationplaysanimportantroleinchannellingsufficientairtowards
theinteriorofthestadium.Thestadiumisorientatedtohavethelongedgeofthebuilding
facingthewinddirections.Thisistohaveasmanyventilationslitsandportholestofacethe
winddirectionsaspossible.
Figure-3.0–Buildingorientation+Winddirection-(Map-from-Google-Maps)
NORTHEASTWIND
SOUTHWESTWIND
PORTHOLES&SLITS
19
2.5RelationshipofBuildingtoSurroundings
Figure-3.1–Arielviewofthe3stadiums-(Imagefromwww.skyscraper.com)
DIFFERENCES CHINWOOSTADIUM STADIUMNEGARA STADIUMMERDEKAYEAR 1953 1962 1957STYLE ARTDECO BRUTALISM EXPRESSIONISMARCHITECT Y.T.LEE STANLEYJEWKES STANLEYJEWKESINITIALFUNCTION
SPORTSFACILITIES THOMASCUP MERDEKA
CAPACITY <2000 10,000 25,000Figure-3.2–Differencesbetweenthe3stadiums
SIMILARITIES CHINWOOSTADIUM STADIUMNEGARA STADIUMMERDEKAPERIOD 50sMODERNPERIOD EARLY60s
MODERNPERIOD50sMODERNPERIOD
STYLECATEGORY
MODERNARCHITECTURE
MODERNARCHITECTURE
MODERNARCHITECTURE
LOCATION PETALINGHILL PETALINGHILL PETALINGHILLFigure-3.3–Similaritiesbetweenthe3stadiums
Despitethedifferencesincapacityandinitialpurpose,the3stadiumsarecloselysimilarin
severalaspects.All3werebuiltafterthemodernarchitecturebreakthroughinthe50stobe
servedasanationalidentityaftergainingindependence.ChinWooStadiumislocatedon
PetalingHillalongwithStadiumMerdekaandStadiumNegara.Aftergainingindependence
forMalaysia,TunkuAbdulRahmanhadintendedPetalingHilltobetheacropolisofKuala
Lumpur,servingasapublicspacewherethepeoplecangatherinharmony.However,Chin
WooStadiumisrelativelyovershadowedbythecolossalsizeoftheother2stadiumsand
theirpopularity.
20
3.0ARCHITECTURALLAYOUT(byTanWenHao0319923)
3.1IntroductionChin woo stadium is constructed in 1953, as an example of Art Deco period
architecture with decorative motifs complete with the requisite vertical elements, a
squarish clock tower, whose prominence was tempered by its somewhat modernist
starkness.Thelayoutofthestadium,aswhatisseen,aroundedrectangleinshape.Inthis
building,wecanseethatthemasterarchitect–DatoY.TLeeistryingtoplayaroundfrom
geometry shapesandcurvyedges, to little constructiondetails likewindowopeningsand
floortiles.Heistryingtobringeveryessenceofartdecoarchitectureintothebuilding.We
knewthatthephysicalandspiritualphilosophyofChinWoowasfirstintroducedtoMalaya
in the 1920 and founded in Shanghai in 1910s, and the architect, as well, wanted the
buildingtocompletelytakeoverthelatemodernshanghaitheatrelookwhichwasbrought
intoMalaysiaintheearly1930s,aspartoftheinternationalartdecostyle.
1
2
6 5
3
4
8
FloorplanofChinwoostadium(Scale:NTS)(drawnbyTanWenHao)
RoofplanofChinwoostadium(Scale:NTS)(drawnbyTanWenHao)
5) Semi-circleadministrationbuidling
6) Multi-layeredcurvedrectangleroof
7) Stadiuminterior
8) Clocktower
1) Stairsofadministrationbuilding
2) Entrancetostadiumhall
3) Spectator/audienceseats
4) Stage
21
3
3.2 Elevations(Façades)analysis
The frontpartof thestadium isahalf-circularbuilding,and theexterior is lavishwithArt
Deco elements and details. The corner of the building is truncated to serve as the
frontispiece. This curved façade is themain entrance of the building with a symmetrical
wingoneachsideformingacurvedcorner.Theadministrationofficeoccupiesthispartof
the building. The building is three stories in total, where the second floor leads to the
projectionroomandupperlevelentrancetothestadium.Thethirdfloorhousesthestorage
room,multi-purposehallandmeetingroom.
Multi-layeredroof Stage Stairsofadministrationbuilding(Picturetakenfromwww.skyscrapercity.com)
2 8 5
(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
1
2
Strong senseofvertical&horizontalelements
Clocktoweremphasizingrightcornerofbuilding
Flagpoles
Curvy edged stairs
FrontelevationofChinwoostadium(Scale:NTS)(drawnbyTanWenHao)
22
Thescaleoftheentranceleveltoupperlevelis1:2,itisintendedsothattheentranceare
scaledtothedimensionsofthefaçadeandcanbeseenandrecognizedatadistanceasthe
entrancestotheinteriorspace,thisscalecorrespondstothemainfunctionofthebuilding–
a stadium. The size andproportionof larger-scalewindows in theupper level affects the
overalldimensionofthefaçade,indirectlyhelplengthentheheightofthestadium,visually.
Fromfrontispieceofbuilding,symmetrycanbeseenandtheflagpolesandlogosignboard
accentuatethesymmetryline.Strongsensehorizontalandverticalelementscanbefound
attheexteriorofthebuildingthatdefinetypicalArtDeco,alsohelpelongatetheheightof
thebuilding,bothvisuallyandphysically,withaclocktoweremphasizingacorner.
3.2.1Façadedetails
3.3Organizationanalysis
Flagpoles(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Prominent pylons,or flagpoles canbe identified at themain entrancewith the concrete canopy onshanghaiplasteringprojectsout toaccentuatetheentry.
Metalgrilledglasswindow
Art deco inspired windowgrilles are decorated withChineselatticemotifs.
Clocktower(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Art deco styled clock tower isbeing built emphasizing acornerwith shanghai plasteredroof.Seikoclockisplacedonallfacadesofclocktower.
(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
1,4
3
2
SideelevationofChinwoostadium(Scale:NTS)(drawnbyTanWenHao)
(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
23
1. Horizontality and verticality: Viewed as the most significant feature of Art Deco
architecture,continuousanddenseparallel linescanbeseenfromeachfacades,in
bothdirection,horizontallyandvertically.
2. Hierarchy: The roofs of the stadium is built in hierarchy form, from big to small
upwards,helpshapingthevisualoffaçadeandvolumeofinteriorofstadiumaswell,
togiveasenseofflowinspace.
3. Symmetry: Chin woo stadium is built in obvious symmetry of two circle of same
sizes, linked with a rectangle which eventually form a proportionate curved
rectangle.Symmetrycanalsobeseenbothhorizontallyandverticallyonbothsideof
stadium.StreamlineModerneissignificantinthehall,offeringtheuserstoviewthe
stadiumfromtoptobottominleftandrightsimultaneously.
4. Proportion/Scale: The curved beams in the building transmit their loads from
horizontally across space to vertically foundation support. The size andproportion
are directly related to the structural task they perform, we can see that the gap
between each beams are equal and proportionate and able to support thewhole
structure.
RoofandfloorplanofChinwoostadium(Scale:NTS)(drawnbyTanWenHao)
24
Primarycirculationspace
SecondarycirculationspacePrivatespace
Thewhole
stretchof
stadium
seatingdefines
comfortable,
human-scale
areaswithinthestadium
.Also,thestadium
isbuiltcurvedrectangledsothatwhen
userssit
inany
cornerof
thestadium
,thereisnodeadanglesandview
iswelltransitedina
circularmanner.
Thestadium
hall
isrelatively
enormous
inspacevolum
e,thehighceiling
improve
thequality
oflight
andsoundw
ithinthespace.Thecolourusedinthehallaffectsthescaleofthebuildingasw
ellasaestheticvisualquality;light
andcool
coloursarem
ostlyusedforeyecom
fort.
Lightfenestration
isconstantlyenvelopingthrough
tothe
stadium,at
differentangle
dependingon
positionofthesun,toprevent
thestadium
beingtoogloom
yanddark,
givingusers
pleasantandcosyfeel.
Theclock
tower
provideattentiontothesurroundingasChinW
oostadiumisbuilt
onhigherground(ahill),theheight
ofthe
tower
isin
contrastwiththe
stadium,
makingitafocalpoint.
(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Frontentranceactassecondary
circulationspace,w
hichismore
enclosedandnarrow
thenotherspaces,asitencouragesuserforforw
ardmotion,w
iththe
helpof
thedivergingstairs.
25
3.5Circulationtousespace(Publicspacevs.privatespace)
Circulationpatterninthestadiumhalldependsonthefunctiongivenfromdaytoday,
ascategorizedandsummarizedbelow:
• Dailyactivities:asbadmintoncourt,martialartstrainingground
• Privateevents:AsWeddinghall,Meetinghall
• Publicevents:AsExhibitionhall,Conventionhall,ConcertorPlayvenue
However,regardlessofthetypeoffunctionofevent,thepublicsareeventuallyusing
thesameentranceandexit.
TypeofcirculationspaceavailableinChinWoostadium:
• Enclosed:Privatespaceslikecorridorsonbothsideofstadium,storageroom,
administrationofficeandbackstage
• Openononeside:Stadiumhall
• Openonbothside:Entrancearea
Openspace:Parkingspaceandopenbalcony
Corridorsbesidestadium Stadiumhallpassageway Entrancetoadministrationbuilding
Openbalconybesidestadium
(PhotobyTanWenHao) (PhotobyWongZhenFai) (PhotobyWongZhenFai)
(PhotobyTanWenHao)
26
Enclosedarealikecorridorsonbothsideofstadiumrelatestothespacesitlinksthrough
entrancesinawallplane.Stadiumhallprovidesvisualandspatialcontinuitywiththespaces
it link. Entrance area, which is open on both sides forming a colonnaded passageway
becomesaphysicalextensionofthespaceitpassesthrough.
Thewidth and height of circulation space is proportionatewith the type and amount of
movement ithandle. Forexample, the stadiumhall ishighestandbroadest inheightand
volume to handle large number of human circulation. Entrance area, respectively, is a
narrowandenclosedasitencouragesforwardmotion.
Enclosedcorridors
Stadiumpassageway
Frontentrance
Backstageandstorage
room
Stadiumhall(Primarycirculation)
Entrancearea(Secondarycirculation)
Toiletandstorageroom(Tertiarycirculation)
Circulationspacerange(publicevents)
Circulationspacerange(privateevents)
Circulationspacerange(dailyactivities)
Secondarycirculationspacerange(Entrancearea)
Fromabovediagram,wecanseethatcirculationspacerangeaffectsthecirculation
pattern.However,bylookingatthespacerangeweknowthatspacesarebuiltwideand
broadsothatuserscanmovefreely,thereforethereisnofixedcirculationpattern.
Circulationdiagram(Scale:NTS)(drawnbyTanWenHao)
27
3.5.1Stairs
Stairsatentranceprovideverticalmovementbetweenoutdoorspaceandindoorspace.The
curvy edging staircase in front of the entrance is wide and shallow, which serve as an
invitation,awelcomingstaircase.Thesizeoftheentranceandstairsalsohelpgivingusers
anideaoflargethestadiumis.
3.5.2Entrancehall
3.5.3FrontFaçade
Whenenteringtheentrancehall,wecannoticethescaleof
theentrancedoorissmallcomparingtothefaçade,thisis
tolimitthevisualandphysicalaccessbetweentwo
adjacentspace,reinforcetheindividualityofeachspace,
andaccommodatetheirdifference.Thestairwaysleading
toupperfloorsgiveusersanideaoftheverticaldimension
oftheroomaswellassuggestahumanpresence.
Artdecostairsatentrance(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Entrancehall(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Frontfaçade(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Thecirculationfromsurroundingtothe
stadiumisfrontalapproach.Thevisualgoal
thatterminatestheapproachisclear;
Entranceiselaboratedwithinfrontfaçade.
28
4.0ARCHITECTURALSTYLE(byYongYuJoon0318299)
4.1IntroductiontoArtDecostyle
ArtDecowasknownasoneofthemostinfluentialdesignmovementsinmodernart
from1925tillthe1940s.IconicexampleswiththesegeometricdesignsincludetheChrysler
BuildingandRockerfellerCenterinNewYorkCity.
ChryslerBuilding RockerfellerCenter
ArtDecoembracedalltypesofartsimilartotheearlierArtsandCrafts
Movement,ArtNouveauandBauhausDesignSchool.ArtDecostylewascharacterizedby
smoothlines,geometricshapes,streamlinedformsandbrightcoloursandemployed
expensivematerialssuchassilver,crystalandivory.However,theGreatDepressionmadeit
turntocheaperandmassproducedmaterialslikechrome,plasticsandotherindustrial
itemstosuitthegrowingmiddleclassforamoreelegantandfunctionaldesign.
BarcelonaChair(1929),MiesVanDerRoheAirlineChair(1934-1935),KemWeber
(Image-from-www.aviewoncities.com) (Image-from-http://gaees.com)
(Images-from-www.iconicinteriors.com) (Images-from-http://www.tfo.upm.es)
29
Therewereseveralmajorartstylesoftheearly20thcenturythatheavilyinfluencedArtdeco
whichincludes:
1) Cubism:Oneofthemostinfluentialvisualartstylesoftheearlytwentiethcentury.It
wascreatedbyPabloPicassoandGeorgesBraqueinParisbetween1907and1914.
Itfocusesonthereductionofnaturalformstotheirgeometricalequivalents.
PabloPicasso(1881–1973)GeorgesBraque(1882–1963)
2) Constructivism:AnartisticandarchitecturalphilosophythatoriginatedinRussia
beginningin1919andwasarejectionoftheideaofautonomousart.Itcombines
assortedmechanicalobjectsintoabstractmobilestructuralforms.
(Image-from-www.wikiart.org) (Image-from-www.wikiart.org)
Crucifixion(1930),PabloPicasso(Image-from-eve1748.wordpress.com)
MusicalInstruments(1908),GeorgesBraque(Image-from-www.wikiart.org)
NovyiLef(1928),AlexandrRodchenko(Imagefrom-www.pintrest.com)
PortraitofaPhilosopher(1915),
LyubovPopova(Imagefrom-
www.pintrest.com)
30
3) Futurism:AnartisticandsocialmovementthatoriginatedinItalyintheearly20th
century.Itemphasizedspeed,technology,youthandviolenceandobjectssuchas
thecar,theaeroplaneandtheindustrialcity.Itwasalsoderivedfromcubismand
usedtorepresentfastmovementanddynamicmotion.
SkyscrapersandTunnels(1930),FortunatoDepero
4) Vorticism:Ashort-livedmodernistmovementinBritishartandpoetryoftheearly
20thcentury,partlyinspiredbyCubism.Themovementwasannouncedin1914and
usestheconceptofvortexes.
TheMudPath(1914),DavidBomberg(Image-from-www.wikipedia.org)
(Imagefrom-exhibitions.guggenheim.org)Untitled(1920),UgoGiantassio(Imagefrom-www.pintrest.com)
Composition(1913),WyndhamLewis(Image-from-www.wikipedia.org)
31
4.2ArtModerneinChinWooStadium
(Photo-by-WongZhenFai)
AlaterstageofArtDecowhichemergedinthe1930safterWorldWarIIwhich
emphasizedcurvingforms,longhorizontallinesandnauticalelements.Itwasthefirstto
incorporateelectriclightsintothearchitecturalstructure.Asyoucansee,ChinWoo
Stadiumpossessesalowhorizontalshapeaswellasastreamlineappearancealongwith
curvededges.Thiswasmadepossibleduetotechnologicaladvancementsduringthattime
whichgivesitanaerodynamiclook.
4.2.1Façade
Verticaltower(Photo-by-WongZhenFai)FlatRoof(Photo-fromwww.skyscrapercity.com)
VerticaltowersareactuallymoreofanArtDecotraitwhichisapreviousform
ofArtModerne.
FlatroofsarepresentinArtModernestructurestomaintain
aflat,horizontalform.
32
HorizontallyArrangedRowWindows VerticalColumns(Photo-by-WongZhenFai)(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
MetalCasementWindowsHorizontalBandings(Photo-by-WongZhenFai)(Photo-by-WongZhenFai)
MetalcasementswereusedtoframewindowsbecauseitalsobecameamassproduceditemaftertheIndustrialRevolutionbesidesbeingstrongandsturdy.
ThesebandingsareplacedtovisuallycreatearapidmovementeffectwhichisheavilyemphasizedinArt
Moderne.
There was an extensive use of glass in ArtModernestructuresduringthattimebecauseit was a mass produced material after theIndustrialRevolution.
Commonlyusedasasupportstructureinbuildingsduringtheera.
33
4.2.2Interior
(Photo-by-WongZhenFai)
TheinteriorofChinWoostadiumhasanopenfloorplan.Thisisaprominentfeature
inArtDecobuildingstofunctionasperformingspacesduringtheearly1900stoencourage
theperformingarts.Theinteriorwallsarealsomostlypaintedincleanwhiteorbright
colours.
Eyebrowsaretypicallyplacedabovethe
windowsandcolumnsslightlybelowtheroof.Providesslightshelter.
ArtModerneusuallyfeaturednauticalelementswhichincludemetalrailingslikethesethatwerenormally
placedonrooftops.
ShipRailings(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Eyebrow(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
34
IronRailingPortholeVentilationShaft(Photo-by-WongZhenFai) (PhotobyWongZhenFai)
GeometricTextileOrnaments(Photo-by-WongZhenFai)
(Photos-by-WongZhenFai)
TheinteriorofChinWoostadiumismadeupofmanybrightlycolouredceramictextilessuchasceramic,terrazzoandparquetstyletiles.
SimilartothewhiplashlineusedduringArtNouveauinfluencedbyuseofnewmaterialsduringthe19thcenturyandinspiredbyorganicstructures.
Oneofthenauticalelementsinspiredbyportholewindowsonships.
AsquaregeometricornamentwithChineseInfluenceattheentrancetothemainhall.
35
4.3ComparisonofArchitecturalStyle
Central market is also another Art Deco masterpiece located in the Klang Valley. The
structurewascompleted in1937andwasalsodesignedbythesamearchitect,whichwas
Dato Lee Yoon Thim. Itwas built in themore original style of ArtDeco compared to the
more recent style of Art Moderne in Chin Woo Stadium. This building finished its
construction4yearsafterChinWooandisalsoapostMerdekamodernbuilding.
Similarities:Both the structures though slightly different have and Art Deco base design
style.Boththestructureshaveastrongsenseofverticalandhorizontallines.Besidesthat,
bothhavesymmetricalfacadeswithaflagorsymbolinthemiddleandincorporatetheuse
of ShanghaiplasterasDato LeeYoonThim is inspiredbyChinesearchitecture.Avertical
structure is also present in both buildings, for ChinWoo it is the clock tower while for
centralmarket it is thewhite painted part of the façade. Furthermore, the use ofmetal
framedwindowsareusedinbothfacadesduetotheeffectsoftheindustrialrevolution.
(PhotobyWongZhenFai) (Photofromwww.wolffchronicles.com)
36
Difference:ThemaindifferencebetweenthetwobuildingsisthattheArtModernestyled
ChinWooStadiumhasastreamlineaerodynamicshapewhilethefaçadeoftheCentral
Marketismoregeometricalandangular.Thismakestheshapeofthestadiumentirely
curvedwhilethemarketisshapedasatrapezium.CentralMarketalsohasgeometrical
ornamentsonitsfaçadewhileChinWoohassmoothhorizontalbandings.
MetalWindowsandMalaysianflagatCentralmarket(Photofromwww.wolffchronicles.com)
CentralMarketPlan(Photofromblog.audioguidemalaysia.com)(Photofromwww.centralmarket.com.my)
GeometricalOrnaments
37
5.0BUILDINGCONSTRUCTION(byTangZeZheng0318967)
5.0.1Style
-ArtDeco
-ArtModernConstruction
5.1StructuralSysteminChinWoostadium
ChinWooStadiumusedthetraditionalsteelsuperstructurewithconcretecaissons
transferringbuildingloadstothebedrock.Thisisoneofthepopularmethodsbeingusedfor
ArtDecobuildings.Theconcreteslabsaresupportingthefloorandroofgravityloadson
compositesteeldeck,restingonwideflangebeamsandgirdersandtransferredtothe
foundationbywideflangecolumns.
OldphotoofChinWooStadium(Photofromwww.skyscrapercity.com)
38
5.1.1Floor
ThebuildingusedConcreteWaffleRaftSlabduringtheconstruction.Awaffleraft
slabisatwo-wayconcreteslabreinforcedbyribsintwodirections.Waffleslabsareableto
carryheavierloadsandspanlongerdistancesthanflatslabs.
First,thesitewasexcavatedtoplacetheformworkandprepareforslabbedding.
Next,thesteelreinforcedmeshwasaddedtohaveaveryhighcompressivestrengthwhich
wasabletotakeloadsfromtheentirebuildingsandtransmitthesuperimposedtothe
supportsystem.Thereinforcedmeshwasplacedbeforethemixingofconcretethenthe
pouringoftheslabs.Theconcretewascutinto2cmgrooveintotheslabsofevery150cmto
createcontroljointtopreventcrack.
DetailofwaffleraftslabWafflesSlab
Parquetwoodenfloor(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Concretecementfloor(photobyWongZhenFai)
39
5.1.2Columns
Thebuildingloadsaretransferredtothefoundationthroughwide-flangecolumns.
Loadsalsotransferredtothefoundationviabaseplates.Baseplatedimensionsarevaried
withcolumndimensionstoallowsufficientroomsaroundthecolumnsfortheanchorbolts.
Thesteelframebearsonpreciselylocatedfoundationelementsthatareincorporatedinto
existingbuildingfoundationsystem.Thefoundationisadesignofcast-in-placeconcrete
padsandstripssupplementedwithsteelscrewpilesandconcretemicropile.
DetailsoftheColumn
5.1.3Beams
CurvedbeamsareusedinChinWooStadiumtosupportthe3layersofflatroof.
CurvedbeaminChinWooStadium(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
40
5.1.4Walls
Majorityofwallinthebuildingsareloadsbearingwalls.Therearethreetypesof
wallswhichusedforChinWooStadiumwhichiscast-insituconcretewall,Masonrywall
anddrywall.
5.1.4.1InSituWall
Timberformworkwithsteelreinforcementmixedintoformbar.Next,pourthe
concreteintotheformworkandremovetheformworkwhenitiscure.Thedesignandthe
appearanceofthewallsareabletomanipulatedbyusingformworkadmixtureand
addictive.Thewallsarejointandfilledwithinsituconcrete.Thesematerialsareableto
beartheloadsoflargewindowarea.ThefinishesofthewallsareShanghaiplaster,the
purposeofusingShanghaiplasteristowithstandthelocalclimateweatherandcreatea
stonetextureonthewalls.Besides,itusesnaturalpebblesandmarbleschipping.
5.1.4.2MasonryWalls
Thesewallsareusedfortheinteriorofthestadium.Masonryisoneoftheoldest
andpopularmaterialsforwallconstructioninMalaysia.Thematerialsoffergreatflexibility
andappearanceforthebuilding.Itisabletobeartheloadsfromwindowsanddoorsby
transferringtheloadstothefloorslabs.
5.1.4.3DryWalls
PhotosbyWongZhenFai
Some interior part of thestadiumisusingdrywalls.It can be found in thepodium to divide thespace using wall track,metal studs and gypsumboards. Some part areusing acoustic insulationwall to provide bettersound insulation in thebuildings.
41
5.1.5Roof
Theroofingusedinthestadiumisretroroofing.Theaimofusingretroroofingisto
enhancethethermalefficiencyofthebuildingbyaddinginsulationduetothestadiumis
locatedonhighgroundandexposedtothesunlight.Retroroofisabletokeeptheinteriorof
thestadiumcool.Theinstallationoftheroofstartswithjoiningtherooftrussesthroughthe
existingsteelframestructureofthebuilding.Afterthat,itwasbuiltuplayerbylayeruntil
thethirdlayers.
RoofofChinWooStadium(fromwww.skyscrapercity.com)
RoofDetails
InteriorofChinWooStadium(photobyWongZhenFai)
42
5.2BuildingMaterialsusedinChinWooStadium
5.2.1ConcreteBlocks
Thestadiumwasmainlybuiltwithconcreteblocks.Concreteblockaremadewith
sand,cementandgravel.Withconcreteblocks,thelimitationoftraditionalbricksand
mortarconstructioncouldbedisregarded.
5.2.2Shanghaiplaster
MostofthewallsinthestadiumarecoatedwithShanghaiplaster,akindofshiny
acrylicpaint.Shanghaiplasterarestronginwaterproofing.
Backinthetime,stoneareexpensiveinMalaysia.Shanghaiplasterbecamethe
substituteofstonetocreateastonecladdingtextureonthewalls.Shanghaiplasterwasa
technologyfromChinasince1930,whereShanghaibecameagreatplaceofArtDecostyle
architecture.
Shanghaiplasterappliedonthewall(photobyWongZhenFai)
FrontFaçadeofChinWooStadium(photobyWongZhenFai)
43
5.2.3CeramicTiles
Thestaircaseinthestadiumisusingmosaicceramictiles.Ceramictilesaremadeof
porcelain,glass,stonesandceramic.
5.2.4Stucco
StuccoisapopularmaterialforArtDecoarchitecture.SomeexteriorofChinWoo
Stadiumareusingstucco.Thereasonstuccoarepopularisbecausethematerialsarecheap
anditisareadilyavailablematerialsbackinthosedays.
Stuccoisamortarmixtureforsiding.Stuccoismadeofcement,lime,waterand
sand.Themixturesareappliedonspeciallypreparedmasonrysurfaces.
5.2.5Terrazzo
TerrazzowasusedforthestaircasesinChinWooStadium.Thehandrailsofthe
stairsareusingstandardterrazzo.Standardterrazzoismadeofrelativelysmallstonechip
andtypicallygroundandpolished.Next,rusticterrazzowasusedforthestepsofthestairs
topreventslippery.Rusticterrazzoisauniformlytexturedfinisheswherethebinderis
recessedfromthechips.
CeramicstilesinChinWooStadium(photobyWongZhenFai)
Applyingstucco Stuccoappliedonthebuildings(photobyWongZhenFai)
44
5.2.6Polyestercarpetandwoodengrooveacousticpanel
PolyesterCarpetandwoodengrooveacousticpanelareusedinthemainhallfor
soundproofpurpose.Soundproofisnecessaryfortheinteriorasthestadiumoftenhaving
hugeeventslikeceremony,weddingdinnerandsportscompetition.
Theflooringofthemainhallareusingparquetwoodenfloor.Parquetwoodenfloor
isastrongandsuitableforsportflooringmaterials.Theflooringmaterialmadethemainhall
abletofunctionasbadmintoncourt.
TerrazzoinChinWooStadium(photobyWongZhenFai)
StaircaseinChinWooStadium(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
Woodengrooveacousticpanel(photobyWongZhenFai)
PolyesterCarpet(photobyWongZhenFai)
Mainhallwithparquetwoodenfloor(photobyWongZhenFai)
45
5.3Comparisonofbuildingconstruction
5.3.1ComparisonofChinWooStadiumandHighburySquareStadium
Similarity:Bothofthestadiumsaremadeupofsteelsuperstructurewithconcretecaissons
transferringbuildingloadstobedrock,thisisoneofthepopularmethodusedintheArt
Decobuildings.HighburySquareStadiumhas6storeysteelframes,whileChinWooStadium
has3Storeysteelframes.ThesteelframecanstillbeseenintheinteriorofHighbury
StadiumwhileChinWoohidesthesteelframecompletelyoutofthesightofusers.Bothof
thestadiumscoverthesuperstructuresusingmasonriesfaçade.Besides,bothbuildingare
usingsituconcrete.
Differences:Theconstructionsofroofaredifferentbetweenthesetwobuildingsduetothe
climatedifferencesinthecountry.TheconstructionoftheroofofHighburyStadiumwillbe
moreslantedcomparetoChinWooStadiumtoreducethepressureoftheroofwhensnows
accumulateabovetheroof.Andallowthesnowstobeslipofftheroof.TheflatroofinChin
WooStadiumkeepstheinteriorofthebuildingcoolbyusingRetroRoofing.Next,ChinWoo
StadiumhasacurvyfacadewhiletheHighburyStadiumhavesimplerflatcubicfacade
ChinWooStadium(photobyWongZhenFai)
HighburySquareStadium
CurvedfacadeofChinWooStadium(photobyWongZhenFai)
FlatfacadeofHighburySquareStadium
46
6.0ARCHITECTUREELEMENTS(byTohKeanHou0319575)
6.1Flooring–ParquetFlooring
Parquetflooringisthenamegiventoatypeofflooringwhichowestheoriginsofitsname
totheFrenchwordparqueterieanddatesbacktothemidtolate1600’s.Parquetflooringis
differentfromtheusualhardwoodfloorbecauseinsteadofwoodenslackslaidslidebyside,
parquetusessmallpiecesofwoodarrangedindecorativepatterns;soyoudonotonlyget
theinherentbeautyofwoodgrain,youwillalsohaveamosaiceffectonyourfloor.Parquet
typicallylaidinregularandgeometric,angularshapes,youwillseesquares,trianglesand
lozengesfeaturingstronglyintraditionalparquetflooring.Thatsaid,starsandsuneffects
arealsocommonlyfound.
Main-Hall-(Photo-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai)
ParquetflooringisusedasthemainfinishingforflooringinChinWooStadium.Almost
entirefloorofthehallwerecoveredwithparquet.Themainhallaremainlyuseforsports
mostlyarebadmintonbutsometimesthehallwillalsoberentedoutforevents.
Thestaircasethatusedtoaccesstotheseatsisalsocoveredwithparquet.
47
Window-(Photo-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai)
6.2Windows-Bowwindows
Abowwindowisacurvedbaywindowitisdesignedtocreatespacebyprojectingbeyond
theexteriorwallofbuilding.Itismadeupofaseriesofwindowsjoinedtogetherand
formedagracefulcurves,choosefixedwindows,oranycombinationofventingwindows.
Traditionallyitisapicturewindowflankedbysmallerwindowsatspecificangles.Bow
windowsaretypicallyusedtocreateasmallnook,openupaview,orsimplyaddinteresting
spacetoaroom. Itisalsoanalcoveofaroom,projectingfromoutsidewillandhavingits
ownwindows,especiallyonehavingitsownfoundation.
Front-elevation-of-Chin-Woo-stadium-(Photo-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai)
TheformofChinWooStadiumisinhalfcircularshape,upperflooriscoveredwithbow
windowsthatformasemi-circularcurve.Thebowwindowinfacingtheviewofthetown,it
enablespeopletohaveapanoramiccityview.
Thewindowsintheotherhandconsistthreeasaset
withafixedwindowinthecentrejoinedwithtwo
casementwindowsattheside.Thematerialofthe
windowsiswroughtironcasementwithplainblue
greenstainedglass.
48
Steps–Half-circular-shape-steps
Staircase-(Photo-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai) Staircase-(Photo-byWong-Zhen-Fai)
6.3Staircase-U-Stairs
AU-shapedstairwayconsistsofmultiplestraightflightsofstairswithtwoturns(usually
closeto90degrees)betweeneachfloorlevel.Itbasicallyformsarectangularsemi-helix,
withclimbersrequiredtowalkashortdistancefromthetopofoneflighttothebottomof
thenext.Thisformcanbebuiltaroundacentralcore,anopenshaft,orawideopenspace.
Thisconfigurationdoesnotincludestairwayswithstairsrunninginonly2directions,
separatedbyalonglanding,eventhoughtheymayformaU-shape.Suchaformwouldbe
consideredaverywidehairpinstaircase.Thedefiningfeatureofthisformisthatstairsrun
in3directionsofaquadrilateral.
Entrance-(Photo-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai)
TherearetwostaircasesintheentranceofthemainhallareU-stairsthismakestheentrancelooks
moregrandandbig.Otherthanthat,thematerialsofthestaircasearecoveredwithceramictiles.
Howeverthehandrailsaremadeoutofwoodandterrazzo.
Staircases-of-the-hall
49
Entrance-to-the-hall-(Photo-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai)
OtherthanthestaircasetherearedifferentcomponentofstaircasesinChinWoostadium
too.
• Thestepsthatconnecttotheseatsarea.Thesteptypeisknownasopentwosides.
Thehandrailhasthecurvyflowerdesign.Thehandrailismadeoutofwroughtiron
andthestaircaseiscoveredwithparquet.
• Thestepsthatconnectsofficeareatothemainhall.Thestepisknownashalf
circularshapedsteps,itiscoveredwithceramictiles.
• Thestepsthatconnectsentrancetotheofficearea.Thestepisknownashalfcircular
shapedsteps,itiscoveredwithsmallpebblestiles.
Entrance-(Photo-byWong-Zhen-Fai)
50
6.4Roof-FlatRoof
A flatroof isa roof whichisalmostlevelincontrasttothemanytypesofsloped roofs.The
slopeofa roof isproperlyknownasitspitchand flatroofs haveuptoapproximately
10°. Flatroofs areanancientformmostlyusedinaridclimatesandallowthe roof spaceto
beusedasalivingspaceoraliving roof.Inaflatroof,thewaterproofingisalways
supportedbyastructuralroofdeck.Thisisusuallyatimberboardingofsometype,whichin
turnissupportedonjoists.
Front-façade-of-Chin-Woo-stadium-(Photo-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai)
TheChinWooStadiumisinaformofsemi-circularshape.Theroofofthestadiumisflatroof,that
makesthesemi-circularshapelooksmorearchandalsomakingitdifferentform.
Perspectiveof-Chin-Woo-stadium-(Photo-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai)
OtherperspectiveofChinWooStadium
51
6.5Walls6.5.1SmallpebblestilescoveredwallThestadiumwall iscoveredwithsmallpebbles tileswhichare formedwithsmallpebbles
tiles. The small pebbles tiles are usually used on floor and bath room but the stadium
covereditwiththeexternalused.Thesurfaceofthesmallpebblestilesisveryroughandit
isformedwithsmallpebblesstones.
Front-part-of-Chin-Woo-stadium-(Photo-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai)
Thebuildingismostlycoveredwiththiskindoftileswhichmakesthebuildinglooksmore
uniqueandattractive.
Small-pebble-tiles-(Photo-byWong-Zhen-Fai)6.5.2TimberWall
Thesewallsarecoveredwithtimberwhichmakingitlookssyncwiththeinteriorofthehall.Timbercanalsoabsorbsoundandalsoreducetheamountofenergyusedtoheatandoperateabuilding.
Interior-(Photo-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai)
52
6.5.3PlasticwallInthehallthereisalsoplasticcoveredwallthefunctionofitalsotoabsorbsoundsin
thehall.Theplasticwallcontainsportholeshapeitisusedasventilationinthemainhall.
Thereisonelongrowofitatthebothsideofthestadium.Itisimportanttoreducecarbon
dioxideinthehall.
6.6Fenestration-inChinWooStadium
Portholeshape
Fenestration is the design and disposition of
windows and other exterior openings of a
building.Itcanalsomeanbyaperforationinastructure, an operation to effects such an
opening.
Interior-(Photo-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai)
Part-of-Chin-Woo-stadium-(Photos-by–Wong-Zhen-Fai)
53
6.7ShadingofChinWooStadium
Theuseofsuncontrolandshadingdevicesisanimportantaspectofmanyenergy-efficient
buildingdesignstrategies.Inparticular,buildingsthatemploypassivesolar
heatingordaylightoftendependonwell-designedsuncontrolandshadingdevices.The
designofeffectiveshadingdeviceswilldependonthesolarorientationofaparticular
buildingfacade.Forexample,simplefixedoverhangsareveryeffectiveatshadingsouth-
facingwindowsinthesummerwhensunanglesarehigh.However,thesamehorizontal
deviceisineffectiveatblockinglowafternoonsunfromenteringwest-facingwindows.
(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
(PhotobyWongZhenFai)
54
7.0Conclusion
For this project,we are required to conduct a site visit on a specific building and furtheranalysethearchitecture,wefelthonouredtovisitoneofthemosthistoricandprestigiousbuildinginKLcity–Chinwoostadium,thefirststadiumwithfull-sizedOlympicpool.Aswefurther analyse the building, we get to know the design intention of the architect,constructiontechniqueduringthatperiod,fromtherewelearnfromthepastandimproveourselves. We also learnt to analyse and identify specific architectural features of thestadiumanddocumentarchitecturalheritage intheformofwritings,descriptivediagramsand photography. We find it really interesting as we look back into the history andunderstandhowartdecobeingbroughtintoMalaysiaandcreateanarchitecturaltimelineinMalaysianhistory.Ourgrouphadareallygreatbondingandchemistrydoingthisproject.We are really thankful that we had this opportunity to understand a part of Malaysianarchitecturalculture.
55
Reference
Books:
• Architecturalheritage:KualaLumpur-Pre-Merdeka.(2007).KualaLumpur:Malaysian
InstituteofArchitects.
• Ching,F.(1996).Architecture:Form,space&order(3rded.).NewYork:JohnWiley.
• Chin,K.,&Chen,V.(2003).LandmarksofSelangor.KualaLumpur:JugraPublications.
• Brooker,G.,&Stone,S.(2008).Contextenvironment.Lausanne:AVAAcademia.
• ThearchitecturalheritageofSelangor(2012ed.).(1962).KualaLumpur:Dewan
BahasadanPustaka.
• D.K,Ching,F.(2001).BuildingConstructionIllustration(Thirded.).JohnWiley&
Sons.
Websites:
• MalaysianArchitecture-KualaLumpurBuildings-e-architect.(n.d.).Retrieved
November17,2015,fromhttp://www.e-architect.co.uk/malaysian-architecture
• (n.d.).RetrievedNovember17,2015,from
http://www.parracity.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0019/93250/Urban_Conte
xt_Analysis.pdf
• 雪隆精武体育会.(n.d.).RetrievedNovember14,2015,from
http://www.chinwoo.org.my/cn/home.php
• Chinwoostadium.(n.d.).RetrievedNovember13,2015,from
http://www.slideshare.net/zhijun/chin-woo-stadium
• UnderstandingHumanScaleandtheImportanceofitsRelationshipwithEnclosure.
(n.d.).RetrievedNovember13,2015,from
http://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/xmlui/handle/10063/2367
• ArtDeco|artmovement.(n.d.).RetrievedNovember14,2015,from
http://global.britannica.com/art/Art-Deco
• ARTDECO.:Malaysia:.-SkyscraperCity.RetrievedNovember17,2015,from
http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=101916
