Chapter 30 19th Century Art In Europe And The United States 5

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Chapter 30: 19 th Century Art in Europe and the United States Symbolism, Sculpture, Arts and Crafts, Art Noveau Magister Ricard AP Art History

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Transcript of Chapter 30 19th Century Art In Europe And The United States 5

Page 1: Chapter 30 19th Century Art In Europe And The United States 5

Chapter 30: 19th Century Art in Europe and the United States

Symbolism, Sculpture, Arts and Crafts, Art Noveau

Magister RicardAP Art History

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Developments of Late 19th Century

• Artists continued to build on the foundations laid by the Realists and Impressionists

• Probing the inner mind of art, Post Impressionists established the foundation for Symbolists

• Sculptors began to stray from copying reality towards exploring the inner essence of life

• Wealthy patrons were hungry for innovative designs for interior spaces

• Fin de siècle (end of the century) serves as a transition into Modernism of 20th century

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What is Symbolism?

Symbolism

Give visual form to states of mind

Inner world of fantasy, stressed

imagination

States of mind or emotion

Irrational subjects of the human

mind

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Who Were the Symbolists?

• Inspired heavily by Goya’s black paintings and etchings• Inspired also by Gauguin’s work focused on inner visions• Odilon Redon, Gustave Moreau, Henri Rousseau, and

Edvard Munch• Like the Romantics, opposed values of rationalism and

material progress• Explored non-material, emotion, imagination, spirituality• Accompanied by literature, Freud’s Interpretation of

Dreams

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Pierre Puvis de Chavannes

The Sacred Grove

1884oil on canvas2 ft. 11 1/2 in. x 6 ft. 10 in.

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Odilon Redon

The Cyclops

1898oil on canvas2 ft. 1 in. x 1 ft. 8 in.

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Gustave Moreau

Jupiter and Semele

ca. 1875oil on canvas7 ft. x 3 ft. 4 in.

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Gustave Moreau

Oedipus and the Sphinx

1864oil on canvas81 1/4 x 41 1/4 in.

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Henri Rousseau

The Sleeping Gypsy

1897oil on canvas4 ft. 3 in. 6 ft. 7 in.

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SCULPTURELate 19th Century Art

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Jean-Baptiste Carpeaux

Ugolino and His Children

1865-1867marble6 ft. 5 in. high

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ART NOUVEAULate 19th Century Art

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What is Art Nouveau?

• Got its name from a decorative art store in Paris, L’Art Nouveau

• Influenced by Arts and Crafts Movement • Started in Britain as reaction to Industrial

Revolution• Features organic designs – artwork that has

qualities of organic life – plants, floral patterns, vines

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Antonio Gaudi

Casa Milá

Barcelona, Spain

1907

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Aubrey Beardsley

The Peacock Skirt for Oscar Wilde’s Salome

1894pen-and-ink illustration

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Gustav Klimt

Death and Life

1908-11oil on canvas

70 1/8 x 78 in.

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Louis Comfort Tiffany

Lotus Table Lamp

ca. 1905leaded favrile glass, mosaic and bronze2 ft. 10 1/2 in. high

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ARCHITECTURELate 19th Century Art

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Conclusion

• Symbolism grows out of the Post Impressionist’s style (Gauguin)

• Sculpture, via Rodin, starts to move away from Neoclassical dogma and into modern convention

• Arts and Crafts Movement reacts to Industrial Revolution

• Art Nouveau grows as a continued response against industrialization, return to organic art

• With new materials comes new architecture, cast iron gives birth to the idea of the skyscraper


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