Chapter 17 – Therapy Final Exam Review
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Transcript of Chapter 17 – Therapy Final Exam Review
Chapter 17 – TherapyFinal Exam Review
Epinephrine & Norepinephrine (Cont’d)
Only 20% of norepinephrine is released from the adrenal glands, while the other 80% is released from terminal fibers (neuron ends) throughout the entire body
Principles of operant conditioning underlie which of the following techniques?
25%
25%
25%
25%a) Counterconditioning
b) Systematic desensitization
c) Stress inoculation training
d) The token economy
0
30
Which type of therapy focuses on eliminating irrational thinking?
EM
DR
Clie
nt-cen
tred th
erap
y
Cogni
tive
ther
apy
Beh
avio
ur th
erap
y
25% 25%25%25%a) EMDR
b) Client-centred therapy
c) Cognitive therapy
d) Behaviour therapy
0
30
Antidepressant drugs are believed to work by affecting serotonin or:
25%
25%
25%
25%a) Dopamine
b) Lithium
c) Norepinephrine
d) acetylcholine
0
30
Electroconvulsive therapy is most useful in the treatment of?
25%
25%
25%
25% a) Schizophrenia
b) Depression
c) Personality disorders
d) Anxiety disorders
0of30
Which of the following is the mood-stabilizing drug most commonly used to treat bipolar disorder?
Ativ
an
Chlo
prom
azin
e
Xan
ax
Lith
ium
25% 25%25%25%a) Ativan
b) Chlopromazine
c) Xanax
d) Lithium
0
30
During a session with his psychoanalyst, Jamal hesitates while describing a highly
embarrassing thought. In the psychoanalytic framework, this is an example of:
Tra
nsfer
ence
Insi
ght
Men
tal r
epre
ssio
n
Res
ista
nce
25% 25%25%25%
a) Transference
b) Insight
c) Mental repression
d) Resistance
0 of 30
Using techniques of classical conditioning to develop an association between unwanted behaviour and an
unpleasant experience is known as:
Ave
rsiv
e co
nditioni
ng
Sys
tem
atic
des
ensi
ti...
Tra
nsfer
ence
Ele
ctro
convu
lsiv
e th
...
25% 25%25%25%a) Aversive conditioning
b) Systematic desensitization
c) Transference
d) Electroconvulsive therapy
0of30
Carl Rogers was a ______ therapist who was the creator of _____.
25%
25%
25%
25%a) Behaviour; systematic desensitization
b) Psychoanalytic; insight therapy
c) Humanistic; client-centred therapy
d) Cognitive; cognitive therapy for depression
0
30
The technique in which a persona is asked to report everything that comes to his or her
mind is called ______; it is favoured by
____therapists.
Act
ive
liste
ning;
cogn.
..
Spont
aneo
us re
mis
s...
Fre
e as
soci
atio
n; p
s...
Sys
tem
atic
des
ensi
tiz...
25% 25%25%25%
a) Active listening; cognitiveb) Spontaneous remission;
humanisticc) Free association;
psychoanalyticd) Systematic
desensitization; behaviour
0
30
During psychoanalysis, Jane has developed strong feelings of hatred for her therapist. The analyst interprets Jane’s behaviour in terms of a ____ of her feelings toward her
father.
25%
25%
25%
25% a) Projection
b) Resistance
c) Regression
d) Transference
0
0
30
Given that Jim’s therapist attempts to help him by offering genuineness, acceptance, and empathy,
she is probably practicing:
Psy
choa
nalys
is
Beh
avio
ur th
erap
y
Cogni
tive
ther
apy
Clie
nt-cen
tred th
erap
y
25% 25%25%25%a) Psychoanalysis
b) Behaviour therapy
c) Cognitive therapy
d) Client-centred therapy
0
30
Of the following categories of psychotherapy, which is known for its nondirective nature?
25%
25%
25%
25% a) Psychoanalysis
b) Humanistic therapy
c) Behaviour therapy
d) Cognitive therapy
0
0
30
Which of the following is not a common criticism of psychoanalysis?
It e
mpha
size
s th
e ex
i...
It p
rovi
des
inte
rpre
ta...
It is
gen
eral
ly a
ver
y ...
It g
ives
ther
apis
ts to
...
25% 25%25%25%
a) It emphasizes the existence of repressed memories
b) It provides interpretations that are hard to disprove
c) It is generally a very expensive process
d) It gives therapists too much control over patients
0
30
Which of the following types of therapy does not belong with the others?
25%
25%
25%
25% a) Cognitive therapy
b) Family therapy
c) Self-help group
d) Support group
0
0
30
Which of the following is not necessarily an advantage of group therapies over individual
therapies?
They
tend to
take
les.
..
They
tend to
cos
t le.
.
They
are
more
effe
ctiv
e
They
allo
w the
clie
nt ..
25% 25%25%25%a) They tend to take less time for the therapist
b) They tend to cost less money for the client
c) They are more effective
d) They allow the client to test new behaviours in a social context0
of30
Which biomedical therapy is most likely to be practiced today?
25%
25%
25%
25% a) Psychosurgery
b) Electroconvulsive therapy
c) Drug therapy
d) Counterconditioning
0 of 30
Which type of psychotherapy emphasizes the individual’s inherent potential for self-
fulfillment?
25%
25%
25%
25%
a) Behaviour therapy
b) Psychoanalysis
c) Humanistic therapy
d) Biomedical therapy0of30
The effectiveness of psychotherapy has been assessed both through clients’ perspectives and through controlled research studies. What have such assessments found?
Clie
nts’ p
erce
ptions
a..
Whe
reas
clie
nts’ p
erc.
..
Whe
reas
stu
dies
affir
...
Clie
nts’ p
erce
ptions
...
25% 25%25%25%
a) Clients’ perceptions and controlled studies alike strongly affirm the effectiveness of psychotherapy
b) Whereas clients’ perceptions strongly affirm the effectiveness of psychotherapy, studies point to more modest results
c) Whereas studies affirm the effectiveness of psychotherapy, many clients feel dissatisfied with their progress
d) Clients’ perceptions and controlled studies alike paint a very mixed picture of the effectiveness of psychotherapy
0 of 30
Although Moniz won the Nobel prize for developing the lobotomy procedure, the technique is not
widely used today because:
25%
25%
25%
25%
0
0
30
a) It produces a lethargic, immature personality
b) It is irreversible
c) Calming drugs became available in the 1950s
d) All of the above reasons
The results of meta-analysis of the effectiveness of different psychotherapies reveals that:
No s
ingl
e ty
pe of t
he...
Beh
avio
ur th
erap
ies
a..
Cogni
tive
ther
apie
s a.
.
All
of the
above
are
true
25% 25%25%25%a) No single type of therapy is considered superior
b) Behaviour therapies are most effective in treating specific problems, such as phobias
c) Cognitive therapies are most effective in treating depressed emotions
d) All of the above are true
0
30
To help Sam quit smoking, his therapist blew a blast of smoke into his face each time he inhaled.
Which technique is the therapist using?
25%
25%
25%
25% a) Exposure therapy
b) Behaviour modification
c) Systematic desensitization
d) Aversive conditioning
0
0
30
In which of the following does the client learn to associate a relaxed state with a hierarchy of
anxiety-arousing situations?
25%
25%
25%
25%
a) Cognitive therapy
b) Aversive conditioning
c) Counterconditioning
d) Systematic desensitization0of30
The technique of systematic desensitization is based on the premise that maladaptive
symptoms are:
A re
flect
ion
of irra
tion.
.
Condi
tioned
resp
onses
Exp
ress
ions
of unfu
lf...
All
of the
above
25% 25%25%25%a) A reflection of irrational thinking
b) Conditioned responses
c) Expressions of unfulfilled wishes
d) All of the above
0
30
The antipsychotic drugs appear to produce their effects by locking the receptor sites for:
25%
25%
25%
25%a) Dopamine
b) Epinephrine
c) Norepinephrine
d) Seratonin 0
0
30
Psychologists who advocate a _____ approach to mental health contend that many psychological disorders could be
prevented by changing the disturbed individual’s _____.
Bio
med
ical
; die
t
Fam
ily; b
ehav
iour
Hum
anis
tic; f
eelin
gs
Pre
ventiv
e; e
nviro
nmen
t
25% 25%25%25%
a) Biomedical; diet
b) Family; behaviour
c) Humanistic; feelings
d) Preventive; environment
0of30
An eclectic psychotherapist is one who:
Tak
es a
nondi
rect
ive.
..
Vie
ws
psych
ologic
al ..
.
Use
s one
partic
ular t
...
Use
s a
varie
ty o
f tec
...
25% 25%25%25%
a) Takes a nondirective approach in helping clients solve their problems
b) Views psychological disorders as usually stemming from one cause, such as biological abnormality
c) Uses one particular technique, such as psychoanalysis or counterconditioning, in treating disorders
d) Uses a variety of techniques, depending on the problem and the client
0
30
The operant conditioning technique in which desired behaviours are rewarded with points or
poker chips that can later be exchanged for various rewards is called:
Count
erco
nditionin
g
Sys
tem
atic
des
ensi
ti...
A to
ken e
conom
y
Exp
osure
ther
apy
25% 25%25%25%a) Counterconditioning
b) Systematic desensitization
c) A token economy
d) Exposure therapy
0
30
The techniques of counterconditioning are based on principles of:
25%
25%
25%
25% a) Observational learning
b) Classical conditioning
c) Operant conditioning
d) Behaviour modification
0 of 30
Seth enters therapy to talk about some issues that have been upsetting him. The therapist prescribes some medication to help him. The therapist is most
likely a:
Clin
ical
psy
cholo
gist
Psy
chia
trist
Psy
chia
tric
soci
al w
o...
Clin
ical
soc
ial w
orker
25% 25%25%25%
a) Clinical psychologist
b) Psychiatrist
c) Psychiatric social worker
d) Clinical social worker
0
30
Light-exposure therapy has proven useful as a form for people suffering from:
25%
25%
25%
25% a) Bulimia
b) Seasonal affective disorder
c) Schizophrenia
d) Dissociative identity disorder
0
0
30
One variety of ______ therapy is based on the finding that depressed people often
attribute failures to ______.
25%
25%
25%
25%a) Humanistic; themselves
b) Behaviour; external circumstances
c) Cognitive; external circumstances
d) Cognitive; themselves
0 of 30
A relative wants to know which type of therapy works best. You should tell your relative that:
Psy
chot
hera
py does
...
Beh
avio
ur th
erap
y is
...
Cogni
tive
ther
apy
is t.
.
No o
ne ty
pe of t
herap
...
25% 25%25%25%a) Psychotherapy does not work
b) Behaviour therapy is the most effective
c) Cognitive therapy is the most effective
d) No one type of therapy is consistently the most successful
0
30
The technique in which a therapist echoes and restates what a person says in a nondirective
manner is called:
25%
25%
25%
25%
a) Active listening
b) Free association
c) Systematic desensitization
d) Meta-analysis0of30
Which type of psychotherapy focuses on changing unwanted behaviours rather than on discovering
their underlying causes?
Beh
avio
ur th
erap
y
Cogni
tive
ther
apy
Hum
anis
tic th
erap
y
Psy
choa
nalys
is
25% 25%25%25%a) Behaviour therapy
b) Cognitive therapy
c) Humanistic therapy
d) Psychoanalysis
0
30
In order to help him overcome his fear of flying, Duane’s therapist has him construct a hierarchy of anxiety-triggering
stimuli and then learn to associate each with a state of deep relaxation. Duane’s therapist is using the technique
called:
Sys
tem
atic
des
ensi
ti...
Ave
rsiv
e co
nditioni
ng
Shap
ing
Fre
e as
soci
atio
n
25% 25%25%25%a) Systematic desensitization
b) Aversive conditioning
c) Shaping
d) Free association0of30
In an experiment testing the effects of a new antipsychotic drug, neither Dr. Cunningham nor her patients know
whether the patients are in the experimental or the control group. This is an example of the ______ technique.
Met
a-an
alys
is
With
in-s
ubject
s
Doubl
e-blin
d
Sin
gle-b
lind
25% 25%25%25%a) Meta-analysis
b) Within-subjects
c) Double-blind
d) Single-blind
0
30
Unlike traditional psychoanalytic therapy, interpersonal psychotherapy:
25%
25%
25%
25% a) Helps people gain insight into the roots of their problems
b) Offers interpretations of patients’ feelings
c) Focuses on current relationships
d) Does all of the above
0
0
30
Among the common ingredients of the psychotherapies is:
The
offer o
f a th
erap
e...
The
expec
tatio
n am
o..
The
chan
ce to
dev
elop..
All
of the
above
25% 25%25%25%a) The offer of a therapeutic relationship
b) The expectation among clients that the therapy will prove helpful
c) The chance to develop a fresh perspective on oneself and the world
d) All of the above
0
30
Linda’s doctor prescribes medication that blocks the activity of dopamine in her nervous system. Evidently, Linda is
being treated with an __________ drug.
25%
25%
25%
25% a) Antipsychotic drug
b) Antianxiety
c) Antidepressant
d) Anticonvulsive
0
0
30
Leota is startled when her therapist says that she needs to focus on eliminating her problem behaviour rather than
gaining insight into its underlying cause. Most likely, Leota
has consulted a _____ therapist.
Beh
avio
ur
Hum
anis
tic
Cogni
tive
Psy
choa
nalyt
ic
25% 25%25%25%a) Behaviour
b) Humanistic
c) Cognitive
d) Psychoanalytic
0
30
A patient in a hospital receives poker chips for making her bed, being punctual at meal times, and maintaining her
physical appearance. The poker chips can be exchanged for privileges, such as television viewing, snacks, and
magazines. This is an example of the:
Psy
chod
ynam
ic th
er...
Beh
avio
ur th
erap
y t..
.
Cogni
tive
ther
apy
te...
Hum
anis
tic th
erap
y ...
25% 25%25%25%a) Psychodynamic therapy
technique called systematic desensitization
b) Behaviour therapy technique called token economy
c) Cognitive therapy technique called token economy
d) Humanistic therapy technique called systematic desensitization
0 of 30