Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that...

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Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines

Transcript of Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that...

Page 1: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

Chapter 12

Lesson 2: Simple Machines

Page 2: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

Types of Simple MachinesA simple machine is a

machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

There are six types of simple machines: lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, screw and wedge.

Page 3: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

LeverLever

a bar that is free to pivot about a fixed point, or fulcrum

“Give me a place to stand and I will move the Earth.”– Archimedes

Engraving from Mechanics Magazine, London, 1824

Effort arm

Resistancearm

Fulcrum

Page 4: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

LeverFirst Class Lever

can increase force, distance, or neither

changes direction of force

r

e

LL

IMA

Page 5: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

LeverSecond Class Lever

always increases force

r

e

LL

IMA

Page 6: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

LeverThird Class Levers

always increases distance

Page 7: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

PulleyPulley

grooved wheel with a rope or chain running along the groove

a “flexible first-class lever”

F

F

E

L

Page 8: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

Wheel and AxleWheel and Axle

two wheels of different sizes that rotate together

a pair of “rotatinglevers”

Wheel

Axle

Page 9: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

Wheel and Axle input force is applied to the

wheel, output force exerted by the axle.

Ex: Doorknobs, screwdrivers, faucet handles

Page 10: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

Inclined Plane Inclined Plane

Slanted surface used to raise objects

hl

Page 11: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

ScrewScrew

inclined plane wrapped in a spiral around a cylinder

Page 12: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

WedgeWedge

a moving inclined plane with 1 or 2 sloping sides

Page 13: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

WedgeZipper

2 lower wedges push teeth together1 upper wedge pushes teeth apart

Page 14: Chapter 12 Lesson 2: Simple Machines. Types of Simple Machines AA simple machine is a machine that does work with only one movement of the machine.

Ideal Mechanical Advantage (IMA) frictionless machineMA greater than 1 increases force MA = output force = input distance

input force output distance


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