Simple Machines Group JJ. My Simple Machine The Pulley.
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Transcript of Simple Machines Group JJ. My Simple Machine The Pulley.
Simple Machines
Group JJ
My Simple MachineMy Simple Machine
The PulleyThe Pulley
Definition of PULLEY:Definition of PULLEY:
A simple machine consisting A simple machine consisting essentially of a wheel with a grooved essentially of a wheel with a grooved rim in which a pulled rope or chain rim in which a pulled rope or chain can run to change the direction of can run to change the direction of the pull and thereby lift a load. the pull and thereby lift a load.
Pulley Pic. 1Pulley Pic. 1
Pulley Pic. 2Pulley Pic. 2
Compound MachineCompound Machine(with pulley)(with pulley)
Compound Machine 2Compound Machine 2
Compound Machine 3Compound Machine 3
Resources Resources
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PulleyPulley library.thinkquest.org/27948/library.thinkquest.org/27948/pulleypulley.html.html
library.thinkquest.org/J002079F/library.thinkquest.org/J002079F/pulleypulley.htm.htm
www.howstuffworks.com/www.howstuffworks.com/pulleypulley.htm.htm www.coe.uh.edu/archive/science/www.coe.uh.edu/archive/science/science_lessons/scienceles1/science_lessons/scienceles1/pulleypulley.htm.htm
Inclined Inclined PlanePlane
By: Amber Schaeffer ( :Pd. 12
• What is it?– An inclined plane is a flat surface whose
endpoints are at different heights– A slanted surface that raises an object.– When an inclined plane is used, less force is
needed than if an object would go straight up.
Ex. 1 - RampsEx. 1 - Ramps
Ex. 2 -ChutesEx. 2 -Chutes
Ex. 3 - SlidesEx. 3 - Slides
Equations & ExamplesEquations & Examples• The equation for the mechanical
advantage (MA) is MA=s/h
S H
S = slope
H = height
Equations & Examples Equations & Examples 22
• To find the magnitude of two components you use:
Fu = mg(sin )
Fu F
F = mg(cos )
Sources UsedSources Used• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inclined_plane• http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/curr/Science/
sciber00/8th/machines/sciber/machine2.htm• http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/
agscience/simpmach.htm• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
mechanical_advantage• http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/gbssci/
Phys/Class/vectors/u3l3e.html
Simple Machines:Lever
Alicia SnyderPd. 12
LEVERSLEVERS
A lever is a simple A lever is a simple machine that machine that makes work easier.makes work easier.
Levers involve Levers involve moving a load moving a load around a pivot around a pivot using a force.using a force.
ORDERS/CLASSES
• In a Type 1 Lever, the pivot (fulcrum) is between the effort and the load.
• In a Type 2 Lever, the load is between the pivot (fulcrum) and the effort.
• In a Type 3 Lever, the effort is between the pivot (fulcrum) and the load.
Mechanical Advantage
• The mechanical advantage of a lever is the ratio of the length of the lever on the applied force side of the fulcrum to the length of the lever on the resistance force side of the fulcrum.– Mechanical Advantage=
Effort Arm/Resistance Arm
Example of Example of Mechanical AdvantageMechanical Advantage
10:110:1
Resistance ArmResistance Arm Effort ArmEffort Arm
Compound machines
• Wheel Barrel:– Lever– Wheel and Axle
Compound Machines
• Scissors:– Lever– Screw– Wedge
Compound machines
• Bicycle– Screws – Wheel and axle– Lever– Pulley
Bibliography
• http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htm used this site for mechanical advantage
• http://www.enchantedlearning.com/physics.macnines/Levers.shtml used this site for classes and definition of a lever
• http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0210120/Compound%20machine.html used for compound machines
• http://www.technologystudent.com/forcmom/lever1.htm ^ used to find levels of levers
• http://library.thinkquest.org/J002079F/lever.htm ^found info on levers
Simple MachinesThe Screw
Kati MyersPd. 122/26/2009
What is a screw?
A screw is actually an inclined plane that is wrapped around a cylinder and has a wedge at the tip. The incline plane is the thread that goes all the way around the screw. They are typically used to hold things together.
Mechanical Advantage and Equations Since there is a lot of friction
the ideal mechanical advantage doesn’t mean much. But in order to lift heavy items or when needing to hold things together, the screw is of great advantage.
Equation = Circumference --------------------
Pitch
Change in force
A screw requires a small force when turning, in order to overcome a larger amount of resistance force.
Mechanical Advantage Problem For example, suppose a screw with 12 threads per inch is turned by a screwdriver having
a handle with a diameter of 1 inch. The mechanical advantage would be calculated as follows:
First, determine the pitch of the screw...
Pitch = 1 = 1 = .083 12 threads/inch of screw 12
Second, determine the circumference of the handle of the screwdriver...
Circumference = 3.14 x diameter = 3.14 x 1 = 3.14 inches
Finally, insert the values obtained into the formula and solve the equation...
Mechanical Advantage = Circumference = 3.14 inches = 37.83 Pitch .083
Pencil Sharpener
Screw Incline Wedge
Bicycle
Screw Wheel and Axle Pulley Lever
Cork Screw
Screw Lever Wheel and Axle
Links
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screw_(simple_machine) Explained how my simple machine works.
http://www.weirdrichard.com/screw.htm Allowed me to see how a screw can change forces.
http://www.mikids.com/Smachines.htm Gave different examples of what a screw is.
http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/simpmach.htm Helped out when I needed to make up my own mechanical
advantage problem. http://science.jrank.org/pages/4058/Machines-Simple-
Screws.html Provided good information explaining what a screw is
Simple Machines:Simple Machines:WEDGEWEDGE
Lisa ClayLisa Clay
Period 12Period 12
What is a wedge and it’s What is a wedge and it’s advantage?advantage?
The wedge is the The wedge is the active twin of an active twin of an inclined plane inclined plane
This simple machine This simple machine consists of a consists of a pairpair of of inclined planes set inclined planes set face-to-face, that can face-to-face, that can sustain relative sliding sustain relative sliding or rolling motion. or rolling motion. Which makes it an Which makes it an advantage for a advantage for a controlled and precise controlled and precise motion motion
How does a wedge change the How does a wedge change the force?force?
The purpose or The purpose or advantage of the advantage of the wedge is to change the wedge is to change the direction of the applied direction of the applied force. When the force force. When the force is applied downward is applied downward on a wedge, it is able on a wedge, it is able to push outward in two to push outward in two directions directions
Equation that shows mechanical Equation that shows mechanical advantage of a Wedge!advantage of a Wedge!
• MA= L / W• To solve the equation to find the mechanical
advantage of a wedge you have to take the ratio to its length to the ratio of its width
Example of Mechanical AdvantageExample of Mechanical Advantage
MA=L / WMA=L / W MA=12/4MA=12/4 MA=3MA=3
Compound Machine #1- Compound Machine #1- BoatBoat
The wedge is located The wedge is located that the front of the that the front of the boat, where the boat boat, where the boat actually splits the actually splits the water to let it glide.water to let it glide.
A pulley is also A pulley is also located in the boat located in the boat which turns the which turns the wheels. Which wheels. Which makes a boat a makes a boat a compound machine. compound machine.
Compound Machine #2- FanCompound Machine #2- Fan
The blades in The blades in which cut the air as which cut the air as it spins is acting as it spins is acting as a wedgea wedge
There is a wheel There is a wheel and axel in which and axel in which makes the fan spin. makes the fan spin. Which considers it Which considers it a compound a compound machinemachine
Compound Machine #3- Shovel
The metal in which spits the ground as it shovels serves as the wedgeThe handle in which sticks out from the wedge serves as a lever which makes a shovel a compound machine
Websites Used
• http://www.weirdrichard.com/wedge.htm• http://www.sciencetech.technomuses.ca/englis
h/schoolzone/Info_Simple_Machines2.cfm• http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/HBASE/M
echanics/incline.html• http://www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/docs/elemsci/gr5u• http://www.uark.edu/depts/aeedhp/agscience/
simpmach.htm
Wheel and Axle
By: Dakotah Kurtz
What is it?
Well, the simple machine “Wheel and Axle,” consists of a large wheel, attached to a smaller wheel. Then, you can turn the smaller wheel, making the big wheel cover more distance. Or, if you turn the big wheel, it takes less force, but requires more motion.
Mechanical Advantage
The mechanical advantage of a wheel and axle is equal to the rotation of the radius of the wheel to the radius of an axle.
The equation for the mechanical advantage is the ratio of the size of the wheel to the size of the axle.
Ideal Mechanical Advantage
The wheel and axle changes the rate at which force is applied. If the force is applied to the axle, more force is required, but the distance traveled is greater. And vice – versa.
M.A. = RadiusWheel/RadiusAxle As the small wheel turns, the big wheel turns
at the same revolutions, but with the big wheel, that is a bigger distance. =]
Car
The simple machines in a car are the wheel and axle, the levers, the pulleys, and probably more.
Fans!
A fan is a complex machine that uses a wheel and axle. The axle is the small cylinder that comes down from the ceiling. The wheel are is made up of the blades
Of the fan. It also uses a
wedge to slice the air and
pulleys in the motor.
Wheel Barrow!
A wheel barrow is a complex machine that uses a wheel and axle.
It also uses a lever when you
lift the handle. The wheel
then acts as a fulcrum.
Bibliography
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wheelbarrow http://www.bigassfans.com/ http://www.usoe.k12.ut.us/curr/science/sciber
00/8th/machines/sciber/machine7.htm http://www.worsleyschool.net/science/files/wh
eel/andaxle.html http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0210120/wheel
%20and%20axle.html