The Holocaust

Chapter 11, Section 3

The Holocaust

1933: Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany.

Concentration camps: prisons for people that either opposed

Hitler and the new regime, or were deemed “racially inferior.”

Arrival of political prisoners at the Oranienburg concentration camp. Oranienburg, Germany, 1933

This included Jews,

Gypsies, disabled

people, Communists,

homosexuals, and

Jehovah’s Witnesses.

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1935: Nuremberg Laws are passed.

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1938: Deportation of Jews out of Germany begins; - ghettos are set up in German cities.

November 9, 1938 – Kristallnacht

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Jewish ghetto, 1942

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1939: Germany invades Poland, starting WW2.

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What is the age (in 1933) of the person you have been

assigned?

Where were they living in 1933?

What was happening to them during this period?

Did the place they were living make a difference in their

lives?

How old was their person in 1939?

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PREDICT:

What do you think will happen to your

individual once the war begins?

What makes you think so?

Give reasons for your answer.

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1940-1941: Germany overtakes many countries using

blitzkrieg tactics; Axis powers control most of Europe.

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1941, July: Einsatzgruppen begin mass killings of political

opponents and “racially inferior” people across Europe.

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SS: Led by Heinrich Himmler, this paramilitary group

performed most of the mass killings.

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1942, January: Nazi officials decide on the “Final Solution;”

Ghetto deportations begin

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1942: Killing centers, such as Auschwitz, were built to

systematically kill large numbers of people.

People were killed in gas chambers, then burnt in crematories.

Entrance to Auschwitz

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1945: Liberation of the death camps by Allied armies.

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What is the age of your person in 1939?

Where were they living in 1940?

What was happening to them during this period?

How had their lives changed since 1933?

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EXIT CARD:

Write down one question that you have about your

individual.

OR

Write down one thing that you learned today that you

are surprised about.

Do Now:

1) Take out your Holocaust biography and your shutter brochure.

2) With your partner next to you, discuss the reason your Holocaust

individuals were targeted and the responses they had to this.

3) Look for similarities and differences. Were they targeted for the

same reason? Did they respond differently?

Holocaust Continued…

1945: Killing centers were liberated by Soviet and US

soldiers. They had been abandoned, but some prisoners

remained. The Germans had tried to destroy much of the

facilities such as the crematoriums, but the soldiers found

much evidence of mass murder.

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Scholars and researchers estimate that nearly 6 million

Jewish people were killed - close to 75% of all Jews living

in Europe.

Estimates of the total number of people killed by the

Nazis are between 11,000,000 and 17,000,000.

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Nuremberg Trials: Conducted after the war by Allied

countries; 23 Nazi party officials were put on trial for

crimes against humanity.

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K – What do you already KNOW about WW2/Holocaust?

W – What would you like to know?

L – What have you LEARNED.

One to two paragraphs for what you learned.

One to two paragraphs explaining your feelings about the

Holocaust.