CAST-V FOM Insite.pdf
Transcript of CAST-V FOM Insite.pdf
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Halliburton Energy Services
CIRCUMFERENTIAL ACOUSTIC SCANNING TOOLINSITE OPERATION (CAST-V)
Field Operations Manual
Revision AJanuary 2007D00268695
SAP P/N 101551877
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Halliburton Energy Services
CAST-V FOM i 2/6/2009
All information contained in this publication is confidential and proprietary property of HalliburtonCompany. Any reproduction or use of these instructions, drawings, or photographs without theexpress written permission of an officer of Halliburton Company is forbidden.
© Copyright 2006 Halliburton Company
All Rights Reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
The drawings in this manual were the most recent revisions and the best quality available at thetime this manual was printed. We recommend that you check your manual for individual drawingclarity and revision level. Should you have equipment with revisions later than the drawings inthis manual, or should you require higher quality drawings than the drawings in this manual,order replacements from the Engineering Print Room in Houston.
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Revision Record
CAST-VInsite Field Operations Manual Date Description19-January-2006 Release Document as Revision A
Revision
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Table of Contents
Revision Record........................................................................................................................... i
Table of Contents.......................................................................................................................iii
List of Figures .............................................................................................................................v
List of Tables............................................................................................................................viii
Preface.........................................................................................................................................x
Section 1 – General Information................................................................................................1
Introduction .................................................................................................................................1
Product Enhancement................................................................................................................1
Tool Specifications CAST-V.......................................................................................................2
CAST-V Equipment
List……………………………………………..……………..…………………….4ToolDescription……………………………………………………..………………………..…………..5
Section 2 – Safety .......................................................................................................................6
Danger to Personnel...................................................................................................................6
High Voltages..............................................................................................................................6
Heavy Equipment........................................................................................................................6
Contents
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Equipment Hazards ....................................................................................................................7
Section 3 – Calibration Procedure ............................................................................................9
Section 4 – Well Site Operations .............................................................................................18
Section 5 – Log Quality ............................................................................................................33
Section 6 – Maintenance ..........................................................................................................36
Appendix A – CAST JOB PLANNER USER’S MANUAL.........................................................58
Appendix B – Insert Name .......................................................................................................92
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List of Figures
Figure 1. Calibration Phylosophy……………………………………Error! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 2. CAST-V Calibration Screen………………..…….……………….…………….…………….
Figure 3. Selecting Transducer Type…………………..………………….……………………………
Figure 4. CAST-V Graphic View for Step 1 (T/A Mode)……………………………………………....
Figure 5. Step 1 of 2 of Surface Operational Checks………..……………………………….……….
Figure 6. Step 2 of 2 of Surface Operational Checks……………………………..………….…….....
Figure 7. CAST-V Graphic View Step 2 WF Mode……………..……………………………………..
Figure 8. Calibration Step 2………………………………………..…………..…………………….…..
Figure 9. CAST-V Calibration Summary…………………………..……………………………...…….
Figure 10. INSITE System Manager……………………………….…………..………………….…….
Figure 11. CAST-V Service Setup………………………………….…………………………....………
Figure 12. CAST-V Service Selection Screen…. ………………….………………………………..…
Figures
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Figure 13. Saving the Service………………………………………….…………..……………….……
Figure 14. CAST-V Parameter Editor Window……………………….…………………….….….……
Figure 15. CAST-V Power GUI………………………………………….…………………………….…
Figure 16. CAST-V View WF Mode…………………………………….……………………………….
Figure 17. CAST-V View-Cement Evaluation Mode…………………………………….…………….
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List of Tables1-21-33-76-26-86-136-146-156-166-176-18
Table 1. Caption……………………………………………………Error! Bookmark not defined.
Tables
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Preface
This Field Operation Manual provides detail theory of operation for the Circumferential AcousticScanning tool (CAST-V) in INSITE Software. Study the manual to develop a thoroughunderstanding of the tool before operating or servicing it for the first time. Observe all notes,cautions, and warnings to minimize the risk of personal injury or damage to the equipment.
Section 1: General Information–presents the tool specification, describes the equipment andexplains the purpose and its use.
Section 2: Safety–contains safety procedures and references that must be observed in order toreduce the risk of death or injury to personnel and minimize the risk of equipment damage,destruction, or loss of operating effectiveness.
Section 3: Calibration Procedure--contains the tool calibration procedure.
Section 4: Well Site Operation--details tool configuration and operating procedure at the wellsite.
Section 5: Log Quality Control–explains the real time quality control measures.
Section 6: Maintenance–contains information on tool maintenance.
Section 7: Reference--contains a list of reference materials.
Appendix A: CAST Job Planner–New CAST Job Planner User’s Manual.
Appendix B: Insert Name–Description.
Preface
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Section 1: General Information
Introduction
This document describes in detail the operation of the Circumferential Acoustic Scanning Tool(CAST-V) using the INSITE software. Read this manual thoroughly to gain deep understandingof this tool before operating it the first time. Observe all safety notes and cautions whenoperating the tool to prevent personal injury or equipment damage.
Previous knowledge of the CAST-V tool in CLASS is assumed in preparing this document.Please refer to the Field Operations Manual (P/ N 100009549 and 100009443) for details of thetheory of operation of the tool in cased and open hole respectively. The operation of the tool inCLASS is also discussed in detail in these manuals.
The INSITE software is a direct migration of the CLASS software codes for the CAST-V toINSITE with added enhancement especially in the Graphic User Interface (GUI) for waveformdisplay in both open and cased hole applications. As in CLASS, there are two applications forrunning CAST-V in INSITE Imaging or Open hole mode and Cased hole mode.
Tool Specification; CAST-V SAP Part Number: 100144829
Refer to the link above to view the detailed technical tool specification for CAST-V.
Section
1
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DIMENSIONS AND RATINGS
CAST-V Equipment List
Table 1-1 TOOL EQUIPMENT
DESCRIPTION PART NO. DIMENSION WEIGHT
CAST-V Tool 10014482917.9 ft x 3-5/8 in. OD5.45 m x 92.1 mm
316 lb 143kg
CAST-V Electronics Assembly 10014482810.2 ft x 3-5/8 in. OD3.1 m x 92.1 mm
190 lb 86kg
CAST-V Directional Sub 1001448033.0 ft x 3-5/8 in. OD.91 m x 92.1 mm
38 lb 17 kg
CAST-V Scanner Assembly 100144779 4.7 ft x 3-5/8 in. OD1.43 m x 92.1 mm
88 lb 40 kg
CAST-V Auxiliary Heads,2, 3
3-5/8-in. Head Assembly 707.55576
4-3/8-in. Head Assembly 707.55553
5-5/8-in. Head Assembly 120037983
7-in. Head Assembly 100144874
Transducers2, 3
250 kHz (White) 100010435
350 kHz (Brown) 100143708
450 kHz (Black) 100143712
2
Refer to Appendix B of this manual for the recommended Head and Transducer selections.
3
Refer to Appendix C of this manual for the procedure to change the Head Assembly in theScanner Assembly.
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Table 1-2 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT
DESCRIPTIONPARTNO.
DIMENSION WEIGHT
Centralizer, Standard Over-Body for 3-5/8 in. 100009785
Centralizer, 19-pin DITS Inline Bowspring 100132737
SDDT-A, Optional Navigational Instrument 100143724
Centralizer, 7 in. to 13-3/8 in. Casing4
101217962
Oil Fill Gauge (used to check the Scanner oilfill)
100144876
Chassis Insertion/Removal Tool, 3-5/8 in.DITS
100132254
Thread Protector, Male, Standard DITS 100132237
Thread Protector, Female, Standard DITS 100132239
DITS 19-Pin Break-Out Box 100128380
Spanner, 3-5/8 in. Standard DITS 100128380
CAST-V Service Manual (order throughRecords and Supply in Houston)
Fanfold Paper 100004311
Engineering Documentation Package (EDP)
Bracket, Calibration Stand 100144847
Adapter, Calibration Stand 100144846Calibration Stand Assembly 100145231
DITS 37-Pin Jumper Cable 100010329
DITS 19-Pin Jumper Cable 100135008
Centralizer, Slipover, Gemco, 5-½ in. Casing 100120926 3 ¾ in. ID x 4 5/8 in. OD
Centralizer, Slipover, Gemco, 7 in. Casing
100120927or
1001102383 ¾-in ID x 6 ¼-in OD
Centralizer, Slipover, Gemco, 7-5/8 in.Casing
100120928
3 ¾ in. ID x 6 ¾ in. OD
Centralizer, Slipover, Gemco, 9-5 / 8 in.Casing
100120929or
1001102403 ¾ in. ID x 8 15/16 in. OD
Centralizer, Slipover, Gemco, 8-5/8 in.Casing
100110239 3 ¾ in. ID x 7 ¾ in. OD
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Tool Description and Basic Theory of Operation
Refer to the manual SAP (P/N 100009549 and 100009443) for detailed tool description andbasic theory of operation of the CAST-V tool.
Tool Operating Modes
There are two service types for the CAST-V tool in INSITE as follows:
CAST_VI: Image Mode of Operation (Open Hole).
CAST_VH: Cased Hole Mode of Operation.
Depending on the service type selected, the software will display the GUI specific to theapplication and also present only the parameters used to set up that particular mode ofoperation.
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Section 2: Safety
Danger to Personnel
Refer to the Halliburton Management System (HMS) for the Logging and Perforating ServiceDelivery Linkage of Processes. The HMS processes can be found at the following link:
http://halworld.halnet.com/WRK/WRKhms/wrkhms_content/processes/HES/HES_Logging/NetFiles/LP-GL-HES-LP-000.htm
General safety guidelines are also covered in publication 770.00356, Safety and Health Manual.Detailed information on all associated HSE risks are provided as well as links to all safetyrelated manuals.
High Voltages
When the CAST-V electronics is out of the chassis, high voltages are present at some points inthe electronics. Care must be taken when working on the tool to prevent electrical shocks. Onlyqualified technicians should attempt repairs on the electronics.
The CAST-V is a DITS tool and is powered with 120 VAC for the instrument and up to 250 VDCfor the scanner motor. Care must be taken to observe all safety precautions when working withthe tool.
Heavy Equipment
CAST-V has three sections which are fairly heavy. Use proper lifting techniques when lifting thetool to avoid back injury. Use lifting aids as much as possible and do not attempt to lift the toolby yourself. Seek help from others.
Section
2
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Section 3: Equipment Hazards
Risk of equipment damage exists if the CAST-V scanner is not handled properly. The scannershaft must never be subjected to any load as this can permanently bend the shaft resulting in
severe damage to the tool. The scanner head must be protected during transportation as well.The scanner head must never be dragged along the catwalk while rigging up at the well site.
• Do not subject the scanner shaft to any loading.
• Protect the scanner head while transporting or rigging up at the wellsite.
• Do not drag the scanner head on the cat walk while rigging up.
• Make sure there is enough oil in the tool before running in the hole.
Use extreme caution when lifting the Scanner Assembly. The Scanner’s motor shaft canbe easily bent or damaged if it is not handled properly. The Scanner Assembly should belifted and lowered in the well separately from the CAST-V Electronic Assembly.
Use extreme care when handling the transducers. These devices are sensitive to shock
and vibration. Avoid bumping or hitting these devices.
Ensure that the CAST-V pressure-balance system contains oil to the proper level andthat the oil is contaminant-free after every logging job. Both contaminated oil or low oillevels can cause severe damage to the tool even if the tool is operating in wells wherethe temperature and pressure are within normal specifications. Contaminated oil andlow oil levels significantly reduce the operating temperature and pressure limits of thetool.
Do not exceed CAST-V pressure, temperature, or electrical limits during operation.
Do not “spud” with the tool; otherwise, damage to the motor shaft or face seal may
occur.
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Section 4: Calibration
Calibration Procedure
The shop calibration must be performed before every job. The calibration standards are shownin the table below. The calibration procedure is the same for open or cased hole service. Thefollowing example is for a cased hole service:
Main Transducer
Measurement Imaging Mode Cased Hole Mode
Shop Transit Time Calibrator P/N 100071892 100144881
Mud Cell Transducer
Measurement Imaging Mode Cased Hole ModeShop Transit Time Calibrator P/N 100144761 100144761
Calibration Procedure
1. Assemble the tool horizontally on stands and rotate the tool until the mud cell cover facesupwards. Remove screws holding the cover in place and take off the cover.
2. Rotate the scanning head until the main transducer faces upwards as well. Attach the calibrator (P/N 100071892 or 100144881) to the main transducer makingcertain that the face of the transducer is clean and calibrator is firmly attached to theface of the main transducer. Use grease or silicon to help couple the calibrator firmlyto the transducer surface. Fill the mud cell compartment completely with clean water.
3.
Section
4
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Figure 1. INSITE Program Manager
Figure 2. Service Selection
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Figure 3. Data Acquisition Window
Start the latest release version of the INSITE software and load the appropriateservice (CAST-VI or CAST-VH), apply instrument power and initialize the tool.Refer to Section 4 -- Well Site Operation for information on how to set up theservice. Make necessary changes on the parameter table.
On the Data Acquisition window (Figure 3.), click Configure and select “ToolCalibration” to open the tool calibration window.
Figure 4. CAST-V Calibration window
Under CASTSCAN, select Shop and click Calibrate. Select the transducer typeon the setup window (Figure 5.) . Click Next to go to step 1.
Install the calibrator (P/N 100071892 for open hole transducer or 100144881 forcased hole transducer). Fill the mud cell compartment with water to totally coverthe surface of the mud cell transducer. Wait for the readings to stabilize and click
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Calibrate on the CAST-V Shop Calibration window to acquire the data. ClickNext to go to step 2.
Figure 5. Select the Transducer Type and Frequency
Figure 6. CAST-V Calibration Step 1 of 2
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Insert the mud cell calibration (P/N 100144761) over the target opposite the mud
cell transducer. Wait for the readings to stabilize and click Calibrate to collect thedata.
Click Next to display the result of the calibration. Check to be sure the calibration is
within the set tolerances. Click Finish to end the calibration.
Figure 7. CAST-V Shop Calibration Step 2 of 2
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Figure 8. CAST-V Shop Calibration Summary
It may be necessary to perform the shop calibration twice for the
system to compare the current with the previous calibration.
When the calibration is finished, it must be loaded and lock in by
clicking Load, selecting the calibration and clicking Load again.
A typical calibration report is shown in Table 2.
The calibration summary should be displayed as follows:
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CALIBRATION REPORT
Circumferential Acoustic-Scanning Tool - SHOP Calibration
Tool Name: CASTSCAN - 001 Reference Calibration Date: 06-Dec-06 11:35:56
Engineer: Calibration Date: 06-Dec-06 11:53:47
SoftwareVersion:
Calibration Version: 0
Measurement Reference Shop Shop Difference Tolerance Units
Mud Cell Offset 40.60 40.60 0.0000 +/- 5 uS
Mud Cell TT 0.000 0.000 0.0000 .2uS
Mud Cell Gain 14 14 0.0000
Mud Cell AMP 107 108 -1.0000Transducer Offset -4.35 -3.87 -0.4800 7 +/- 3 uS
Transducer TT 46 46 0.0000 uS
Transducer Deviation 2 2 0.0000 uS
Table 2. CAST-V Calibration Report
Section 5: Field Verifications
The field verification involves checking the tool to ensure that it is operational at the wellsite.This verification involves powering up the tool and establishing communication with the tool.
Apply motor power to rotate the scanner head and check that the tool is sending data to the
surface system. The Graphic User interface for open and cased hole operation is shown in the
following figures:
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Figure 9. CAST-V Cased Hole Graphic Display
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Figure 10. CAST-V Imaging Graphic Display
Before Survey Field Verification
There is no before survey calibration routine for the CAST-V tool. Verify that the
tool is functioning properly prior to running in the hole.
After Survey Field Verification
There is no after or post survey calibration for the CAST-V tool.
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Section 4 – Well Site Operations
Section 6: Preparation
CAST-V is a Digital Interactive Telemetry System (DITS) tool and can be run using the INSITEsurface system (LOGIQ) or CLASS software; however, this manual will discuss how to operatethe tool in INSITE only.
Preparing the CAST-V Tool For Logging Operation
Perform the PM-1 checks on the tool. Refer to the Preventive Maintenance (PM-1) forthe tool in the FOM (P/N 100009549 & 1000009443).Determine the proper head and transducer for the casing size to be logged using theplanner (refer to Appendix A). It is imperative that the appropriate head size andtransducer frequency be used to record quality log data.Install the appropriate transducer and head onto the Scanner and evacuate and fill theScanner with oil (refer to the maintenance section of the service manual P/N100009548).
Insert the Directional Sub into the tool string. In cased hole applications, the CAST-VDirectional Sub provides hole deviation and relative-bearing information. This sub isinserted between the CAST-V Electronics Assembly and the Scanner Assembly. TheStand Alone DITS Directional Tool (SDDT) must be used instead of the directional subin all open hole imaging application. The SDDT is inserted above the CAST-Velectronics when used in the tool string. Additionally, if a DITS Casing Collar Locator(CCL) is used, the CCL is installed above the telemetry cartridge.
Section
4
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Section 7: Ensure the tool string iscentralized properly. Proper centralization iscritical in recording good quality data. In
cased hole wells, sufficient number ofcentralizers must be used to maintaineccentricity to less than 0.2 in.
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Section 8: Configuring the Logging System
This document describes running CAST-V with the LOGIQ system. On the LOGIQsystem, the Digital Interface Model Panel (DIMP) main selector switch should be set toDITS to run the CAST-V service. On other surface systems, the appropriate switchesmust be configured correctly to run the service.
Setting Up the Logging Service
1. Launch the latest version of the Wire Line INSITE (WLI) software.
Figure 11. INSITE System Manager Panel
Click on Data Acquisition under Logging to open the Initial Setup Window.2.
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Figure 12. Service Setup
Click Select New Service from the menu list.
From the Service Selection window, select the CAST-V services as follows:3.
For imaging application: SDDT/CAST_VI /CASTNAV/CASTSCAN.For Cement evaluation or pipe Inspection: CCL_D/CAST_VH/CASTNAV/CASTSCAN.
For Imaging or open hole service, the two axisnavigation sub can be replaced with the three axisSDDT tool. The SDDT tool must be installed abovethe CAST-V electronics in this case. The 2-axis subcan be left in place if desired. For imaging in cased
hole, the SDDT can be removed.
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Figure 13. Service Selection Screen
Figure 14. Saving the Service
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The service must be saved before it can be loaded. Give the
service an appropriate name, save it and proceed to load the
service.
After loading the service, the Parameter Editor Window should open displaying theparameters for the tools in the string. Important parameters that must be set correctlyare the following:
Logging Interval Cased? Y/N if Y, Casing OD & WeightCompute CAST Results?Impedance Cal. ReferenceUse Fix FTTHead Type
Transducer PositionTransducer Type
Refer to the parameter table for the list of parameters and their
suggested values.
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Figure 15. CAST-V Parameter Editor Window--Open Hole Application
Click the pen icon on the Parameter Editor window to go into edit mode. Makeappropriate changes and click the pen icon again to save the changes. Close theParameter Editor window. The power display should open as shown in Figure 16. Thesystem is now ready to send power to the tool using the power display.4.
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Figure 16. Power Graphic User Interface with No Power
The tool head voltage is 120 VAC and 60 Hz via AC1 power
supply. Set an initial value of about 120 VDC and attach tool
power. Increase power until null is achieved. Monitor AC1 voltage
at the top of the tool using the tool data monitor menu in DQApanel. Do not apply motor power DC1 until communication is
established with the tool.
Power up the tool by attaching the AC1 Instrument power supply. Adjust the power leveluntil null Instrument meter is at the middle position (0). Tool should initialized and startcommunicating with the surface system.
Once communication is established with the tool, set a starting value for the motorvoltage(60-200 VDC) and attach DC1 power. The scanner head should start turning at this
time. Confirm that the scanner is not taking excessive current to operate the sequence.
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Figure 17. Power Display with Both AC1 & DC1 Power Attached
Verify that the tool is functioning properly and sending data to the surface system. Clickon the CAST icon on the Data Acquisition window to launch the graphic display. Thesequence should be updating regularly and the CAST-VI or CAST-VH data light shouldbe green on the graphic displays.
Figure 18. Data Acquisition Window CAST GraphicDisplay
Data = GreSequenceUpdating
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Figure 19. CAST-V View--Cased Hole Mode
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Figure 16. CAST-V View--Imaging Mode
Prepare the tool for running in the hole. Install the appropriate centralizers on the tool toensure adequate centralization. Eccentricity should be less than 0.2 at all times. Ifrunning in combination with CBL, be sure to have proper centralizers on the CBL tool aswell.
Data = GreeSequenceUpdating
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Logging Operation
Monitor the tool null meter while going into the hole. The meter will drift slightly as theline is being spooled off the drum.Monitor the Motor Speed (MSPD) while lowering the toolstring in the hole. The MSPDmay vary with fluid viscosity; however, it should remain fairly constant and will slowdown if it hits an obstruction with the motor current rising considerably.Display data monitor and the graphic interface. Verify tool is functioning properly bymonitoring data from both screen.Once the toolstring is lowered to the logging depth, adjust the motor speed to the valuerecommended by the planner and start logging by adjusting the DC1 power supply. Usethe CAST-V View and display to ensure the tool is functioning properly and that theparameters desired are been used.
While logging the main pass, check the log with other repeated sections of the well.Monitor the amplitude values and select the pallet scale accordingly.Rig down the toolstring opposite the order which it was rigged up. Make certain to laythe scanner down separately.Wash the tools. Make certain that the Scanner Mud Cell and the piston compensationarea is washed thoroughly free of well fluid and debris.
Logging Screen-CAST-V View-Imaging Mode
The graphic interface (CAST-V View ) contains useful information about the operation of
the tool as follows:Position Reference. This parameter refers to the reference to which the image data isaligned. It is recommended to align to azimuth of pad1 in open hole and the relativebearing in cased hole.CAST-VI Data Light. This light comes on when the tool is sending valid data and offwhen no data is being sent. The data here refers to telemetry data.Motor Speed (MSPD). This is the actual scanner head rotational speed (rps). Thedisplay is green when the value is less than the maximum and red when it is greaterthan the maximum allowable valueMotor current. This variable displays the actual motor current. Should be same orclose to value displayed on the Sorensen power supply (amp).
Max. Line Speed. This is the maximum logging speed as recommended by planner.This parameter is calculated based on the number of shots/scan and scan/ft required forthe application.Max Amp. This is the largest measured amplitude of the first arrival waveform for thesample point.Min Amp. This is the smallest measured amplitude of the first arrival waveform for thesample point.Max Radius: This is the largest measured internal radius of the borehole measured for
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the sample point.Min Radius. This is the smallest measured radius for the sample point.
The operator can change the gate start time, display the waveform and freeze the waveform ifdesired.
Logging Screen: CAST-V View--Cased Hole Mode
Figure 17. CAST-V Cased Hole Graphic Interface
The Cased Hole Graphic Interface displays the following information:
Number of Waveforms. There is a drop down box that enables the operator to selectthe number of waveforms to display (1-20). The waveforms are displayed in a windowwith the waveform numbers.CAST-VH Data. This light is green when the tool is sending data and gray when no datais being sent.Sequence. This is a counter that should be increasing when the tool is functioningproperly.Motor Speed. This indicates the motor speed in revolution per second.
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Motor Current. This indicates the motor current downhole. The motor current should bestable when the motor is rotating at a constant speed.Max Log Speed. This is the maximum logging speed as determined by the planner.Position Reference. This is the reference to which the tool position in the borehole isaligned. In cased hole, the reference should be to the relative bearing.
In Cased Hole Mode, the gate start time is fixed at 30 micro-seconds. The graphicdisplay also shows the Impedance, radius and thickness as well.
Another window is used to display Bad Shot Indicators (BSI) as shown in Figure 18.:
Figure 18. Bad Shot Indicator Window
Bad Shot Indexes
The following are the bad shot indexes monitored by the system:Tool Pick Error . This error occurs when the first arrival picked by the tool is not correct.Those shots with bad pick time errors will be indicated by bars with green color acrossthem.Travel Time Error . This error occurs when the calculated travel time is in error. This
Bad Shots Indicator
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error is indicated by blue bars across the affected shots.Thickness Calculation Error. This error occurs when the computed casing thicknesscalculated based on the resonance window information is wrong. Bars in cyan show upacross the affected shots.Impedance Calculation Error. This occurs when the impedance calculation is wrong.
Red bars are shown across the shots affected.
The graphic interface also contains the main transducer’s display window that simulatesthe mode the tool is being run. A second window shows the main transducer waveformwith the option to display any of the shots in a scan.
Other outputs that are displayed on the logging graphic interface window are:
Amplitude. This is the peak amplitude of the first arrival waveform as detected by thesoftware.Ovality (OVAL). This is = ((maximum/minimum)-1.0). It is a measure of how round the
borehole or casing internal surface is.Eccentricity (ECTY). This value is computed as the maximum absolute value of 50possible differences between sets of opposing valid acoustic caliper values. Theeccentricity is an indication of how well centered the tool is in the bore hole. The amountof shift from the center of the hole is the value of the eccentricity.
The typical range for FTT is between 180 to 220 µsec/ft. Oil-based muds have alonger FTT (210 to 220), while fresh and salt muds have a shorter FTT (189 to 210).Many factors (e.g., additives and solids in the mud) will affect the fluid travel time,but the tool should still measure FTT within the expected range if the tool is workingproperly. FTT is used in calculating the casing diameter, so if it appears that the
measurement transducer is operating properly and the mud cell is not, the FlashTable parameter can be changed to use a “fixed TT” for the mud cell. This may bethe case when the mud-cell transducer fails, or if debris accumulates on the mud-cellface.
The fluid travel time is used in the acoustic-impedance
calculations. If there is a mud-cell failure, the thickness calculation
will be in error. The fixed value for FTT can be estimated from the
before-survey calibration.
Average Casing OD (AVOD). The AVOD of the casing is calculated by the addition ofthe average ID of the pipe [(calculated from the effective head radius, transit time (TT),and the fluid travel time (FTT)] and the wall thickness of the casing (calculated in thetool from the resonance of the reflected signal). The AVOD calculation is as follows:
AVOD = AVID + 2 * AVTK
The average OD should very closely reflect the casing OD of the pipe being
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logged. The AVOD will display the nominal casing OD from the Flash Table inthe “RANG” mode.
Acoustic Impedance (AVZ). This value is calculated from the resonance sum(Sw), the casing thickness (Ct), and the calibration coefficients (a0, b0, c0, d0) derived
from all valid waveform of each scan. The algorithm corrects for all environmentaldisparity. The equation used for the computation is:
Z = a0 + b0Ct + c 0 Log (Sw) + d0Ct Log(Sw)
Where Z is the acoustic Impedance (in MRayls). Ct is the casing wall thickness(in inches). AVNS is the ratio of the absolute sum of the 64 data points in theresonance window divided by the peak amplitude of the first arrival. ZREF is theacoustic Impedance of the material behind casing at the calibration point.
Figure 19. Resonance Window for Casing Thickness and Cement ImpedanceCalculations
Free pipe with water behind the casing typically has an acoustic impedance of 1.5MRayls. For other common acoustic-impedance values, refer to the table under heading2.4, Log.
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Section 5 – Log Quality
Log quality control for the CAST-V is critical to ensure accurate data is obtained at the wellsite.The engineers must perform real time log quality control while logging. The CAST-V GUIcontains some bad shot indicators that can help monitor tool performance in real time therebyenabling any errors to be captured.
Figure 18. CAST-V LQC Indicators
Section
5
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These Bad Shot Indicators (BSI) are circled in Figure 18. and are the basic quality controlsequences for CAST-V measurements. These error counts must be monitored closely duringlogging. The detailed explanation of the errors is as follows:
Tool Pick Error. This indicates an error in the down hole firmware picking of the point on thewaveform train where to start searching for the first arrival peak amplitude. When this occurs, a
counter shows up indicating the number of shots with bad pick time detected by the tool perscan. This error is caused usually by targets too close or too far, highly attenuating medium orhighly eccentered tool. Shots with this flag set are not processed.Transit Time Error. This flag is set when the transit time calculated by either the downhole oruphole software is not consistent. The consistency is measured between the peak of the firstreflection and the start time based on the calculated transducer frequency. This is important forthe waveform mode (Casing thickness and cement evaluation). A blue dat will appear in theimage graphic display when the transit time error occurs.Casing Thickness Error. This flag is set when the casing thickness calculated from a shot lessthan 0.1” and more than 0.9” (0.1<Thk>0.9). The number of shots with this flag set is alsodisplayed.Impedance Error. This flag is set when the calculated impedance is negative or greater than
60 MRayls. The results are presented but flagged to indicate that they are not reliable.
A bar is displayed across the shots with a particular error.
The color of the bar display is the same as that of the error
situation detected (Red, Green Cyan and blue).
Eccentricity. This is an indication how centralized the tool is in the bore hole. Adequatecentralization is very important for the CAST-V tool. Eccentricity should be less that0.25”. Higher value of eccentricity indicates lack of centralization and may jeopardizethe quality of the data.
Ovality. This is an indication of how round the bore hole shape is. The ovality of thebore hole will affect the angle of reflection of the ultrasonic waves from the transducerand therefore the amplitude of the arrival signals.
Fluid Travel Time (FTT). The fluid TT should be stable and fairly constant. The fluidTT may decrease slowly from TD to casing shoe due to solids settling at the bottom ofthe bore hole.
Transducer Frequency. Transducer frequency reported by the tool should be close tocalibrated values through the log.
When run in combination with CBL, the impedance, pipe amplitude and the MSG shouldcorrelate well.
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Section 6 – Maintenance
General Maintenance
The following basic maintenance must be performed on the CAST-V after every job:
Wash the entire tool thoroughly after every job paying particular attention to the mud cellarea. Wash the mud cell slot thoroughly to be clear of any mud or other materials.
Apply lubricant or penetrating oil to the surface of the housing to prevent rust andcorrosion.Clean the threads and threads protectors at the upper and lower heads. Inspect the O-rings for defects and replace if necessary. Apply lubricant grease to the threads.
Perform PM-1 on all sections of the tool.Perform operational check on the tool and ensure tool is functioning properly. Assemble and calibrate the tool and confirm the transducer frequency has not changedsignificantly.1.
Electronic Assembly
Place new PM-1 pinout here.
Directional Sub
Using a pressure hose, wash the tool until it is free of all dirt and mud.Remove both thread protectors. Use a rag and contact cleaner to remove all greaseand mud from the inside of the thread protectors. Do not use a pressure hose on theelectrical connectors.On the upper head, remove and clean the DITS threaded-ring assembly.Clean the connector housing until all grease and mud is removed. Use a dielectriccleaner to clean the connector contacts.2. Reassemble the DITS threaded ring and split-ring assembly. When reassembling,
apply Slick50 grease or an equivalent grease under the threaded ring.
Section
6
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Inspect all pins, sockets, and insulators for signs of damage and replace as needed.Perform the following PM-1 checks. Use only a Simpson 260 VOM to check the tool.
UPHOLE END OF TOOL
FROM TO READ SCALE ITEMS CHECKED ACTUAL(NOTE1) (NOTE2) READING
1-5 CHASSIS OPEN RX100 Through wires
6 CHASSIS SHORT RX100 Chassis ground
7 - 10 CHASSIS OPEN RX100 Through wires
11 CHASSIS SHORT RX100Power ground (same aschassis)
12 - 13 N.C.
14 CHASSIS OPEN RX100 Through wires
15 CHASSIS OPEN RX100 Through wires
16 N.C.
17 (+) CHASSIS 10K-12K RX100 +15 VDC power input17 (-) CHASSIS 600-800 RX100 +15 VDC power input
18 (+/-) CHASSIS1700-3300
RX100 -15 VDC power input
19 N.C.
20 CHASSIS OPEN RX100
21 CHASSIS OPEN RX100
22 CHASSIS OPEN RX100
23 N.C.
24 (+/-) CHASSIS 15K-23K RX10K Magnetometer Y axis output
25 (+/-) CHASSIS 15K-23K RX10K Magnetometer X axis output
26 (+/-) CHASSIS2500-4100
RX100 Inclinometer X axis output
27 (+/-) CHASSIS2500-4100
RX100 Inclinometer Y axis output
28 CHASSIS4600-5000
RX100Temperature output ofinclinometer package
29 CHASSIS SHORT RX100 Signal Ground
30 - 34 N.C.
35 - 37 CHASSIS OPEN RX100 Through wires
NOTE 1: Parenthesis indicates the polarity of the meter lead which connects to the
test point. NOTE 2: All readings are taken with the Simpson 260. Different brands ofmeters will read different resistances when checking nonlinear circuits (i.e., circuitswith semiconductors present).
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FROM TO READ SCALE ITEMS CHECKED
UPHOLE DOWNHOLEACTUAL
READING
1 1 SHORT RX1 Through wires
2 2 SHORT RX1 Through wires
3 3 SHORT RX1 Through wires
4 4 SHORT RX1 Through wires
5 5 SHORT RX1 Through wires
6 6 SHORT RX1 Chassis ground
7 7 SHORT RX1 Through wires
8 8 SHORT RX1 Through wires
9 9 SHORT RX1 Through wires
10 10 SHORT RX1 Through wires
14 14 SHORT RX1 Through wires
15 15 SHORT RX1 Through wires
20 20 SHORT RX1 Through wires21 21 SHORT RX1 Through wires
22 22 SHORT RX1 Through wires
35 35 SHORT RX1 Through wires
36 36 SHORT RX1 Through wires
37 37 SHORT RX1 Through wires
Directional Sub Check
The Directional Sub requires two types of measurement checks: a magnetometer-measurement check (the azimuth) and an inclinometer-measurement check (the relative
bearing and deviation). The two-axis magnetometer measures the tool orientation withrespect to the magnetic north, while the two-axis inclinometer measures tool orientationwith respect to the high-side-of-hole, and hole deviation. Thus, the Directional Sub mustbe set up on the test stand, powered up by the logging system, and placed in severalpositions such that readings from the test stand and the logging system can be takenand compared. Comparing the readings from the logging system and the test stand willdetermine the operating condition of the Directional Sub.
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Use the following steps to ensure the Directional Sub is operating properly:
Align the Test Stand (100145231) using a compass and a level (Figure 3.1).
Ensure that the test stand is as far away from all metals that can cause magnetic
disturbance, and then position the stand on a flat, smooth surface.Using a compass, align the test stand with respect to magnetic north (Figure 3.1). Adjust the three screws at the base of the test stand until the stand is level. Use a levelto measure offset. Also, use the level to set the cradle vertical, and then set theadjustable pointer on the semi-circular disk to 0 degree.
Install the Directional Sub Chassis Assembly (100144795) onto the test stand (Figure3.1).
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Install the adapter (100144846) onto the test stand using three socket-head cap screws(100112207). Notice that the threads of these screws are metric.Mount the Directional Sub Chassis in test stand by inserting the lower DITS connectorinto the adapter (100144846). Place the upper bracket (100144847) over the top DITSconnector and clamp it to the test stand. Ensure that the chassis can be rotated freely,
and that the top bracket is placed low enough on the tool to allow the jumper cable to beplugged into the top of the Directional Sub.Connect the 37-pin jumper cable (100010329) from the top of the Directional Chassisand to the bottom of the CAST-V Electronics (100144828). Use the standard 19-pinDITS jumpers to connect the DSTU/D2TS and the cable head to complete the toolstring.Ensure the EXCELL 2000 logging system is set up properly (refer to Section 2 underheading 2.1.1.2, Configuring the Logging System,XL2000-B). Next, enter ServiceSelection 2330 on the EXCELL 2000, and then select the DGR configuration to displayazimuth, relative bearing and deviation on the standard logging screen.
Use the following to check the Directional Sub Magnetometer:3.
1. Position the Directional Sub Chassis and cradle to vertical, with the pointeron the semicircular disc set to 0 degree.
2. Rotate the Directional Sub Chassis and cradle until the fixed pointer onthe cradle aligns with 0 degree on the circular disc. The DITS buttonshould now be aligned with north, and the logging screen should display 0degree ± 3 degrees for AZIMUTH.
3.4. If the value for the azimuth is not within ± 3 degrees, refer to the
Directional Sub Test Procedure (770.10566) for instructions onadjusting the magnetometer circuitry. If the value of the azimuth is
consistently off tolerance in the same direction (e.g., each reading
is 3.5 degrees clockwise of the true azimuth), then either the
magnetometer is out of position, or the test stand was not oriented
correctly. In either case, it may not be necessary to go through the
entire Directional Sub Test Procedure.
5. Rotate the Directional Sub Chassis and cradle clockwise at 45-degree
increments, and compare the circular disc readings with the logging
screen AZIMUTH readings. If both readings are within ± 3 degrees at
each increment, then the Directional Sub Magnetometers are functioningcorrectly.
Use the following to check the Directional Sub inclinometer:4.
With the Directional Sub chassis and cradle still positioned to vertical (as was done in
step 3.a. of this procedure), verify that the reading for DEVIATION on the logging
screen displays 0 degree ± 2 degrees.
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Incline the Directional Sub chassis and cradle to 45 degrees and then 90 degrees
(Figure 3.2). Compare the semi-circular disc reading to the logging screen DEVIATION
reading for each setting. The semi-circular disc readings and the logging screen
DEVIATION readings should be within ± 2 degrees.Incline the Directional Sub chassis and cradle to 5 degrees on the semi-circular disc
(see Figure 3.3) and rotate the Directional Sub and cradle to 0 degree on the circulardisc. The logging screen should display 0 degree ± 2 degrees for RELATIVE
BEARING.
a.
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Accuracy and stability of the relative bearing reading
decreases in deviations of less than 2 degrees.
With the Directional Sub and cradle set at a 5-degree deviation, rotate the cradlecircular disk clockwise in 45-degree increments, and monitor the circular disc reading
and the RELATIVE BEARING reading on the logging screen at each increment. The
circular disc readings and the RELATIVE BEARING readings should agree within ± 2
degrees.
Repeat step d. at 45-degree and 90-degree deviations (counterclockwise from 5
degrees). If the circular disc readings and the logging screen RELATIVE BEARING
readings are within ± 2 degrees for each setting, then the Directional Sub inclinometers
are functioning correctly.
Switch to the Processed Telemetry Logging Screen, and verify that the temperature as
indicated on the logging screen is within 9 degrees of the ambient temperature.
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3.3.4 Scanner Assembly
• Wash the Scanner Assembly thoroughly to remove all debris, such as shale andmud. Direct the water stream into the slotted end cap of the pressure-balancecylinder (under the slots in the cylinder cover) until the water flows out clean.
Wash the area around the rotating shaft, where it exists the lower end of the tool;this washing cleans the area around the face seal.
• Using the pressure-balance piston gage, verify that the tool contains the properoil level. If the piston gage measures low, evacuate and fill the tool using theprocedure under heading 3.3.4.1 of this manual.
• Visibly inspect all exposed O-rings for cuts or nicks, and replace them asneeded. Refer to the CAST-V Service Manual for the seal guidelines.
• Redress the threaded ring. Use the proper lubricant to grease the threaded ringand the other seals. Refer to Section 3, Disassembly/Assembly, of the CAST-VService Manual (100009548) for instructions on how to service the threaded ringand for the list of approved lubricants.
• Check all pins and insulators at the top of the tool and replace if necessary.• Perform the following PM-1 checks. Use only the Simpson 260 VOM for these
checks.
UPHOLE END OF CHASSIS
ITEMS CHECKEDFROM
(NOTE 1) TO READ
(NOTE 2)
SCALE ACTUAL
READING
1 2 OPEN RX1 Scanner Transducer
3 4 VARIABLE RX100Identification Resistor, IfUsed
6 CHASSIS SHORT RX1 Chassis Ground Wire
1-5 6 OPEN RX100Circuits Which Should BeOpen To Chassis
7-37 6 OPEN RX100Circuits Which Should BeOpen To Chassis
7 9 OPEN RX100 Mud Transducer
11 N.C.
12 N.C.
13 N.C.
14 21 55-70 RX1 Resolver Output Winding
15 21 55-70 RX1 Resolver Output Winding16-19 N.C.
20 GND OPEN RX100Shield (Pin 20) For ResolverWires
20 21 OPEN RX100Shield (Pin 20) For ResolverWires
23-34 N.C.
35 36 9-10 RX1 Motor Winding
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35 37 9-10 RX1 Motor Winding
36 37 9-10 RX1 Motor Winding
36 CHASSIS OPEN Motor Winding Insulation
NOTE 1: Parenthesis indicates the polarity of the meter lead which connects to thetest point. NOTE 2: All readings are in ohms and taken with the Simpson 260.
Different brands of meters will read different resistances when checking nonlinearcircuits (i.e., circuits with semiconductors present).
CAST-V Scanner Oil-Fill Procedure
The Scanner Assembly holds approximately 2 quarts (1.75 liters) of oil. Therecommended oil for the CAST-V Scanner is Exxon Turbo Oil 2380 (100124775). Thisoil should not be substituted or mixed with any other types of oil either in the tool or inthe vacuum fill system under any circumstances; otherwise, tool contamination will
result. Refer to engineering drawings 100144779 and 100144780, and the procedurebelow for evacuating and filling the Scanner’s pressure-balance system. Notice that thenumbers in parentheses represent the location numbers on drawing 100144780, unlessspecified otherwise.
Ensure the Scanner Assembly is supported securely on the tool dolly.Remove the check-valve assembly to evacuate the tool. There are two evacuation portson the Scanner body and on the transducer holder. The upper port on the housing isthreaded deep for a removable check valve (47) as shown on drawing 100144780.Install the three oil-fill tubes (P/N 100144811) and evacuate using Exxon Turbo Oil (P/N100124775) per Spec 770.00013.
Do not attempt to seal a vacuum leak at the face seal by applying silicon grease
around the shaft. The vacuum leak will suck the grease inside the tool and cause
damage to the sealing surfaces of the face seal. If a leak persists, remove the fill
tube at the bottom of the head and install the oil plug. Stand the tool vertical with
the head in a large container filled with turbo oil. The oil in the container must
completely cover the face seal area. Secure the tool vertically and continue
evacuation.
Once the tool is filled with oil, remove the fill tubes and install the lower scanner plug(25) and the head plug. Install the check valve (47) in the upper fill port and reinstall a filltube.
The check valve must bottom out in the housing so that the fill plug
to be installed above it properly.
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Install a piece of ¼-inch Tygon tubing (or similar tubing) to a hand-pressure pump filledwith Turbo oil. Stroke the pump several times to bleed any air from the tubing and topoff the fill tube with oil. Secure the tubing to the fill tube with a small hose clamp.
a. Pump the piston back with oil until the score mark on the oil fill gage (100144846)is aligned with the inside face of the spring cap (45). See Figure 3.4 and drawing
100144779 for the piston set dimension and gage position.
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b. Bleed the pressure off the pump. Remove the oil-fill tube and install the fill-portplug. It is not uncommon for the check valve to leak a small amount of oil. If thecheck valve leaks excessively and will not hold pressure, remove the check valveand clean it by depressing the ball and blowing air or by soaking the it in solventto remove any debris between the ball and seat. If the check valve continues to
leak, use a small brass flat tip punch to strike the ball from the washer and springside. Striking the ball will increase the seat sealing area. If the check valvecontinues to leak excessively, remove the valve and wrap the threads with teflontape. Wrap only the thread area--tape across other areas must be trimmed away.
Install the cover (28).
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3.4 RELATED MAINTENANCE
Information for this subsection will be supplied at a later date.
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CAST-V SPARE PARTS
Spare parts for the CAST-V are categorized by four type of lists. These lists are asfollows:
Accessory List (707.55636). This list includes items that are needed to run the
service, or to perform the master calibration or any other field calibration. Accessoryparts include calibration stands, special makeup jigs, etc. Special lab equipmentneeded for the CAST-V, such as assembly/disassembly tools, is also included here.Parts not included are those that are used in mandatory factory rebuilds.Primary Spare Parts List (707.55637). This list contains parts that must be aquiredwith the tool, even if there is a backup tool. The parts in this list are high failure rateitems that are deemed necessary to provide quick field location repairs.Optional Spare Parts List (707.55638). This list contains a much morecomprehensive (and expensive) list of parts. The parts in this list are for remotelocations buying two tools, but with difficult logistics for importing spare parts (i.e., nohand carries, no commuters, weight/cost import limitations for air freight, etc.).Personnel at these remote locations may have to seriously consider whether parts onthis list are necessary, even if these locations have two tools.Preventive Maintenance (PM-1) Supplies List (707.55639). This list contains parts(e.g., O-rings, oil, screws, etc.) that are used only for few runs. Since the items in thislist are replaced more often than other parts in the tool, always make sure that theproper quantity for each run is maintained.
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Accessory List
CAST-V ACCESSORY LIST
LOC. PART NO. QTY. DESCRIPTION
00001 100132254 1 TOOL—CHASSIS INSERTION/REMOVAL00002 100000710 1 TOOL--CONTACT INSERTION/REMOVAL
00003 100011418 1 SUPPORT TOOL -- 3-5/8 DITS STANDARD
00004 100116010 1 WRENCH--SPANNER 3-1/2 X 11/32 DIA
00005 100144851 1 CYLINDER--SEAL SIZING 3
00006 100144843 1 TOOL--BEARING INSTALLATION 3
00007 100144808 1 TOOL--INSTALLATION THREADED RING 3
00008 .88774 1 PUMP--HYDRAULIC HAND OPERATED
00009 100144811 3 TUBE--OIL FILL 3/8-16 UNC 3
00010 10145231 1 CALIBRATION STAND ASSY-- SED-C00011 100144847 1 BRACKET--CALIBRATION STAND
00012 100144846 1 ADAPTER--CALIBRATION STAND
00013 120040355 1CALIBRATION STAND ASSY--DIRECTIONAL
3
These are parts supplied with the CAST-V
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Primary Spare Parts List
The location numbers in Primary Spare Parts List apply to specific sections of the toolas follows:
1. Locations 1 through 15 are specific to the Electronics Chassis Assembly
(100144825).2. Locations 20 through 23 are specific to the Electronic Assembly (100144828).3. Location 30 is specific to the Preamp/Fire PC board (100144872).4. Locations 35 and 36 are specific to the Pre-Regulator PC board (100144705).5. Locations 40 and 41 are specific to the Commutator PC board (100144793).6. Locations 45 through 48 are specific to the Directional Sub Assembly (100144803).7. Locations 55 through 63 are specific to the Directional Sub Chassis Assembly
(100144795).8. Locations 70 through 76 are specific to the Scanner Assembly (100144779).9. Locations 80 through 105 are specific to the Scanner Housing Assembly
(100144780).
CAST-V PRIMARY SPARE PARTS
LOC. PART NO. QTY. DESCRIPTION
00001 100000697 10 SPEC - CONTACT ASSY - PIN - .094 DIA
00002 100000698 10 INSULATOR ASSY – PIN - .094 DIA
00003 100128287 1 DIODE - ZENER - 5.6V - 5% - 10W - DO-4
00004 100123683 4 SCREW - BIND HD - #8-32NC X 1/2
00005 100139627 4 WSHR,150 UF CAP
00006 100161035 4 SCREW - CAP - SKT HD - #6-32UNC X 1/400007 100161035 4 WSHR,LOCK,SPLIT,#6
00008 100123579 4 SCREW - BIND HD - #6-32NC X 3/8
00009 100123571 4 NUT 6-32
00010 100124489 1 THERMAL COMPOUND - THERMALCOTE - 2 OZ
00011 100000706 10 CONTACT ASSY - SOCKET - .094 DIA
00012 100161028 24 SCREW - BIND HD - #4-40NC X 7/16
00013 100125368 1 CAP 150.0U 270V TA RH
00014 100123682 20 SCREW - BIND HD - PHL - #8-32 X 3/8
00015 100011464 1 SPRING - BUTTON - 3-5/8 DITS STANDARD
00020 100000708 1 RING - SNAP - 3-5/8 DITS STANDARD00021 100132235 1 RING - SPLIT - BEVELED - 3-5/8 DITS
00022 100000709 1 RING - SPLIT - SPACER - 3-5/8 DITS
00023 100011468 1 RING - THREADED - 3-1/4-6 STUB ACME
00030 100009697 2 TRANSISTOR - MTP2P50 - POWER MOSFET
00035 100121739 1 RESISTOR - 6.2K OHM - 3W - 5% - 200C
00036 100009647 3 CAPACITOR - 22UF - 75V - 20% - 85C
00040 100116563 3 TRANSISTOR - IRF9630 - HEXFET - 200V
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00041 100117397 3 TRANSISTOR - IRF840 - HEXFET - 500V
00045 100132235 1 RING - SPLIT - BEVELED - 3-5/8 DITS
00046 100000708 1 RING - SNAP - 3-5/8 DITS STANDARD
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CAST-V PRIMARY SPARE PARTS LIST (707.55637)
LOC. PART NO. QTY. DESCRIPTION
00047 100000709 1 RING - SPLIT - SPACER - 3-5/8 DITS
00048 100011468 1 RING - THREADED - 3-1/4-6 STUB ACME
00055 100000706 10 CONTACT ASSY - SOCKET - .094 DIA00056 100000707 10 INSULATOR ASSY - SOCKET - .094 DIA
00057 100000698 10 INSULATOR ASSY - PIN - .094 DIA
00058 100132931 10 SPEC - CONTACT ASSY - PIN - .094 DIA
00059 100113325 4 STANDOFF - 1.00 LG - 1/4 DIA - #6-32
00060 100114162 4SCREW - FH MACH - #4-40 X 3/16 -BRASS
00061 100124699 4 STANDOFF 6-32X1/4 1/4 HEX
00062 100114161 4 SCREW - FH MACH - #6-32NC X 3/8
00063 100011464 1SPRING - BUTTON - 3-5/8 DITS
STANDARD00070 100144811 1 TUBE - OIL FILL - 3/8-16 UNC
00071 100143688 1 TRANSDUCER ASSY - SIDE TERMINAL
00072 100143708 1 TRANSDUCER ASSY - 350 KHZ - BROWN
00073 100144807 1 PLUG - 3/8-16 UNC-2A
00074 100010966 2 WSHR-WAV
00075 100010903 2 RING - RETAINING - INTERNAL - MEDIUM
00076 100143712 1 TRANSDUCER ASSY - 450 KHZ - BLACK
00080 100010818 10 TERMINAL - SWAGE TYPE - .040
00081 100144807 2 PLUG - 3/8-16 UNC-2A
00082 100013290 1
TRANSDUCER ASSY - RADIAL SEAL -
VITON00083 100128687 8 SCREW - FLAT HD - PHL - #10-32 X 1/4
00084 100144812 1 VALVE ASSY - CHECK - 3/8-16 UNC
00085 100000522 3 O-RING - 568-011 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00086 100011468 1 RING - THREADED - 3-1/4-6 STUB ACME
00087 100132886 1RING - SPLIT - BEVELED - NON-MAGNETIC
00088 100000708 1 RING - SNAP - 3-5/8 DITS STANDARD
00089 100132885 1RING - SPLIT - SPACER - NON-MAGNETIC
00090 100116600 3 PIN - SPIROL - 1/8 X 5/16 -BECU
00091 100124102 1 SOLDER LUG #8
00092 100123488 4 SCREW - FH MACH - #4-40NC X 3/16
00093 100144840 1PC BRD ASSY - TERMINAL -TRANSDUCER
00094 100123776 4 WASHER - LOCK - SPLIT - #10 - STNLS
00095 100128703 1 SEAL ASSY - SHAFT - BELLOWS - 1 INCH
00096 100011002 1 O-RING - 568-127 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
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00097 100125921 1 O-RING - 568-120 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00098 100123868 3 SCREW - SET - 1/4-28NF X 5/16 - STNLS
00099 100123897 4 SCREW - CAP - SKT HD - 1/4-20 X 5/8
00100 100124254 2 BEARING - BALL - RADIAL - DBL SHIELD
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CAST-V PRIMARY SPARE PARTS LIST (707.55637)
LOC. PART NO. QTY. DESCRIPTION
00101 100115334 1 PIN - SPIROL - 3/32 X 5/8 - 302 STNLS
00102 100111516 8 TERMINAL - STUD - 1480D-7-1100103 100123802 8 SCREW - CAP - SKT HD - #10-32UNF X ½
00104 100161052 4SCREW - CAP - SKT HD - #10-32UNF X3/8
00105 100008104 5 CONTACT - SOCKET - FEMALE
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Optional Spare Parts List
The location numbers in Optional Spare Parts List apply to specific sections of the toolas follows:
Locations 1 through 10 are specific to the Scanner Assembly (100144779 &
100144780).Locations 11 through 22 are specific to the Electronics Assembly (100144825).Locations 23 through 35 are specific to the Directional Sub Assembly (100144795).
CAST-V OPTIONAL SPARE PARTS LIST (707.55638)
LOC. PART NO. QTY. DESCRIPTION
00001 100144777 1SLIP RING ASSY - CAPSULE - 8CONTACT
00002 100144785 1 MOTOR - DC - BRUSHLESS - 3.00 OD
00003 100144783 1 RESOLVER - BRUSHLESS - KEYED
00004 100144781 1 SHAFT - EXTENSION
00005 100144782 1 KEY - SHAFT - MOTOR/RESOLVER
00006 100144771 1 SHAFT - SCANNER
00007 100000793 1 CONNECTOR - 19 PIN - DUAL PRESSURE
00011 100144794 1 PC BRD ASSY - R TO D
00012 100144793 1 PC BRD ASSY - COMMUTATOR
00013 100144817 1 PC BRD ASSY - SLOW ADC
00014 100144870 1 PROGRAMMED BOARD ASSY - V40
00015 100144869 1PROGRAMMED BOARD ASSY -
AQUISITION
00016 100144621 1PC BRD ASSY - DATA ACQUISITION -CAST
00017 100144872 1 PC BRD ASSY - PREAMP/FIRE - CAST-D
00018 100144706 1 PWR SPLY ASSY - CAST - 82V/+5V/
00019 100132435 1 CHOKE - FILTER - 1.2 HY - SWITCHING
00020 100000779 1TRANSFORMER - POWER - 60 HZ -DOWNHOLE
00023 100123252 1SENSOR - MAGNETIC NORTH - 106517-PL-08
00024 100143582 1 INCLINOMETER - BIAXIAL - TENSOR -7043
00025 100144805 1 PC BRD ASSY - COMPASS
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Preventive Maintenance (PM-1) Supplies List
The location numbers in Preventive Maintenance Supplies List apply to specific sections
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of the tool as follows:
Locations 1 through 29 are specific to the Scanner Assembly (100144779 &100144780).Locations 30 through 39 are specific to the Directional Sub Chassis Assembly(100144795).
Locations 40 through 49 are specific to the Directional Sub Assembly (100144803).Locations 50 through 59 are specific to the Electronics Chassis Assembly (100144825).Locations 60 and 61 are specific to the Electronic Assembly (100144828 and707.55567).
CAST-V PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE (PM-1) LIST (707.55639)
LOC. PART NO. QTY. DESCRIPTION
00001 100011003 1 O-RING - 568-132 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00002 100115650 1 O-RING - 568-225 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00003 100000231 2 O-RING - 568-231 - FLUOROC - 95 DURO00004 100009302 1 O-RING - 568-231 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00005 100113872 2 O-RING - 568-129 - NITRILE - 90 DURO
00006 100011006 2 O-RING - 568-232 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00007 100000522 3 O-RING - 568-011 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00008 100125943 1 O-RING - 568-212 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00009 100125950 1 O-RING - 568-221 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00010 100144807 2 PLUG - 3/8-16 UNC-2A
00011 100011004 1 O-RING - 568-223 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00012 100120120 1 BEARING - PISTON - SLYDRING - 1.500
00014 100120121 1 RING ASSY - CGT - 1.500 BORE - .304
00015 100000526 1 O-RING - 568-126 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00016 100011005 1 O-RING - 568-226 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00017 100125957 1 O-RING - 568-233 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00018 100128703 1 SEAL ASSY - SHAFT - BELLOWS - 1 INCH
00019 100125954 1 O-RING - 568-229 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00020 1000110021 1 O-RING - 568-127 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00021 100124775 2 OIL - TURB OIL - EXXON
00022 100125921 1 O-RING - 568-120 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00023 100000527 1 O-RING - 568-129 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00030 100115650 1 O-RING - 568-225 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00031 100009302 1 O-RING - 568-231 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO00040 100000231 2 O-RING - 568-231 - FLUOROC - 95 DURO
00041 100009302 1 O-RING - 568-231 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00050 100115650 1 O-RING - 568-225 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00051 100009362 2 O-RING - 568-231 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
00060 100000231 1 O-RING - 568-231 - FLUOROC - 95 DURO
00061 100009362 1 O-RING - 568-231 - FLUOROC - 75 DURO
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TROUBLESHOOTING
Troubleshooting information for this subsection will be supplied at a later date.
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INTRODUCTION
This section contains reference material that may be helpful during the operationmaintenance, and repair of the CAST-V. It includes a list of supplemental referencedocuments, a list of Operation Engineering Bulletins (OEB).
Other important information that supports this manual can also be found in the appendices ofthis manual. They are as follows:
1. Appendix A. Head and Transducer Selection Chart, contains the casing sizes and weightsand recommendations for the appropriate head and transducer.
2. Appendix B. Changing the CAST-V Head Assembly, contains the instructions forremoving an existing Head from the Scanner Assembly and replacing it with another.
3. Appendix C. Over-Body Centralizer Installation, contains the instructions for installing theOver-Body Centralizer to the CAST-V toolstring.
SUPPLEMENTAL REFERENCE MATERIAL
Manual 100146455. HLS Safety and Health Manual, is a separate manual containinginformation about equipment care and personal safety. It is useful in shop and field operations.
Technical Manual 100009548. Circumferential Acoustic Scanning Tool—Visualization (CAST-V) Service Manual is a separate manual containing important information about the operationand maintenance of the CAST-V. This document is useful in shop and field operations.
Technical Manual 100009443. Circumferential Acoustic Scanning Tool—Visualization (CAST-V) Image Mode Field Operations Manual is a separate manual containing importan
information about the field operations and maintenance of the CAST-V in Open Holeenvironments. This document is useful in shop and field operations.
Technical Manual 100004305. Circumferential Acoustic Scanning Tool—Visualization (CAST-V) Engineering Documentation Package is a separate manual containing condensedengineering drawings of the CAST-V. This document is useful in shop and field operations.
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This page left intentionally blank.
Section 6 – Reference Material
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Appendix A – CAST JOB PLANNER
This section describes the CAST Job planner in details. The engineer should thoroughly familiarizehimself with this section to clearly understand the how different parameter selection affects the qualityof the data.
The CAST Job
Planner(CJP)
User’s Manual
Clovis BonavidesMar-28th-2006
Appendix
A
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INDEX
This document is divided into the following sections and subsections:
a. Introduction
1. Overview a. The Planner Modes (Recommendation & Simulation) b. The Input Panels c. The Results Panel d. The Results Validation Bar e. The Remarks Panel f. The Data Acquisition Timing Diagram g. The INSITE Service Configuration Window h. The Planner’s Title
2. Starting the Planner a. Bringing it alive
b. Selecting the Well Environment c. Choosing the Service (Application) d. Selecting which CAST Tool e. Features offered by each Application f. Selecting the Pipe Material g. Choosing the Planner Mode
3. The Input Panels a. The Fluid Properties panel b. The Pipe / Well Data panel c. Maximum Eccentricity d. Available Heads
e. End of Transducer Ringing Noise f. Outer Pipe g. Outer Pipe OD h. Outer Pipe Weight i. Annulus Delta-T
4. The Results Panel a. Scanning Head Size b. Transducer Type c. Remark d. Pipe ID / Well Size e. Pipe Thickness f. Pipe Resonance Frequency
g. Effective Head Radius h. Transducer Position i. Scanning Head Clearance
j. minTT / avgTT / maxTT k. Maximum Eccentricity l. 2
nd Reflection
m. Annulus Size / Annulus TT / Outer Pipe TT n. Horizontal Resolution o. # Samples / Shot p. Optimum #Shots / Scan
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q. # Shots / Scan r. Tool # Shots / Scan s. Vertical Resolution t. Waveform Length u. Sampling Interval v. Inhibit Time Setting
5. The Data Acquisition Panel a. Waveform Length b. Sampling Interval c. Shots / Scan d. Scans / Foot e. Max Log Speed (MLS) f. Min Motor Speed @ MLS g. Absolute Maximum Motor Speed h. Tools in Combination i. Bandwidth Usage
j. Telemetry Speed choices
i. Slow Telemetry ii. Medium Telemetry iii. Fast Telemetry
k. Maximum Line Speed for Current Motor Speed l. Minimum motor Speed for current Line Speed
6. The Results Validation Bar
7. The Data Acquisition Timing Diagram a. Mute Time b. End of Transducer Noise c. Inhibit Time d. minTT
e. avgTT f. maxTT g. Second Reflection Region h. Outer Pipe Signals Region
8. The Remarks Panel
9. The MENU bar a. Saving files in EXCEL format b. Saving / Opening files in .CJP format c. Displaying the INSITE Configuration Window d. Generating and Editing a Header e. Generating a Report f. Printing a Report g. Setting up the Pipe Material
10. About…..
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1) Introduction
The new CAST Job Planner (CJP) provides a single screen interface for planning both a CAST-V(INSITE only) or a CAST-V (CLASS or INSITE) job and for visualizing the most important parameters
and features that may affect the data acquisition and the final CAST log output. Future versions willcover for the INSITE and for the Monocable (Ultralink telemetry) versions of the CAST, as they becomeavailable. The figure below presents a sample view of the new Planner, configured for a CAST-V tool.
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2) Overview
The new CAST Job Planner (CJP) provide in a single screen a complete visualization of all majorinputs and outputs required for successfully programming a CAST log. It intends to covers all differentversions of CAST tools. At the time of this writing, March of 2006, it handles the CAST-V and theCAST-V (CAST-V).
It also handles different pipe materials, such as fiberglass, chrome and titanium or a user defined (by Acoustic Slowness and Density) material.
The CJP was programmed so as to immediately display a newly computed screen display each timethe user changes an input that can affect a result. A change normally requires a click, a mouse focus
change or pressing the ENTER key to take effect. Also, changes in font colors and remarks are used toprovide immediate feedback about the validity of the job setup parameters’ set.
The new Planner also aims to help the user better understand CAST logging, focusing on the logic thatlies behind the data acquisition.
When the CJP is loaded it displays a set of values corresponding to a configuration setup for a CasedHole Cement Inspection Job in a 7”, 23 lbs/ft casing. The Data Acquisition Timing Diagram is empty atthis point. A full set of results and a complete CJP screen is only obtained after the clicking a radiobutton or a check box or after entering a new value into one of the text input boxes. The text inputboxes have built-in value limits – for instance the Fluid Weight input box will only accept valuesbetween 4.00 and 25.00. Similar validation logic also applies in other cases. As an additional example
you can not check the Extended Cans box if you have the Adjustable Head box unchecked, as you cannot install an extended can if you don’t have such a scanning head available. In summary, there are anumber of context-based constraints that the CJP takes in consideration. Many context sensitivefeatures may be allowed, blanked or automatically set by the Planner. This behavior depends mainly onthe Tool Type, on the Well Environment, on the type of Application or on the Planner running mode.Most items displayed on the CJP have mouse-over tips providing on-spot help. In fact they make agreat part of this document quite redundant.
The first entries to be selected are the Well Environment (CH or OH), the Application (service type –Cement Inspection, Casing Inspection or Imaging) and the Tool Type (CAST-V or CAST-V as of March/ 2006). After this point the user starts to enter the input parameters grouped in 3 panels on the upperleft side of the Planner and (if needed) his data acquisition setup, including some DITS tools that he
may be combining with the CAST.
Abundant use of colors is made to provide immediate visual feedback on possible service configurationproblems. A “catch-all” type of feature is the Results Validation bar.
After entering the required inputs the user is advised to click on the command button “Show the INSITEService Configuration Window”. A window - shown in the next page - listing the user inputs and the CJPoutputs that must be entered in the CAST service configuration (INSITE) pops up. The right side panel
Important Note: The new CAST Job Planner (CJP) must be run using a minimum screenresolution of 1024 X 768 pixels. A screen resolution of 1280 X 1024 pixels or better isrecommended.
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A second mode - named Simulation Mode – is intended as a “what-if” type tool, allowing the user to obtain
results under a simulated configuration setup different from the configuration recommended by the Planner. Thismode is very useful for testing the feasibility of running the CAST service under certain arbitrary conditions relatedto the job environment and / or to the tool / system setup. In Simulation Mode the user is allowed to choose anImaging transducer. The only present difference between the existing transducer that causes different outputs isthe fact that the Effective Head Radius (EHR) of the stepped transducer is .15” less than the EHR of the flattransducers.B - The Input Panels
These panels are covered are covered in sections 3) and 4) of this document. They group the primary userentries related to the well environment (casing size / weight, well ID, fluid properties, outer casing, etc) and to thescanning head and tool setup (maximum eccentricity, available heads, head sizes for simulation purposes, etc).
C - The Results Panel
This panel groups the most important output parameters, some of which must be entered for properly setting upthe INSITE real time data acquisition service. These service configuration outputs are the Transducer Type, theScanning Head type and transducer position (translated by the Eff. Head Radius parameter). These configurationoutputs have a distinguished color from most other outputs.
D- The Results Validation Bar
This bar, located right below the Results panel, shows in different colors (BLUE, RED or BROWN) to indicate thevalidity of the current Planner configuration setup.
E - The Remarks Panel
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This panel contains 4 fields for displaying text messages. In most cases these messages carry diagnosticsinformation to help the user figure out the origin of the trouble detected by the Planner in the job configurationparameters. Some remarks may also be purely informative. As there is a maximum displaying capacity, themessages are normally ranked in terms of importance.
Note: A 5th Remark Field is displayed on the upper right side of the Planner. Its main purposes are to indicate
problems and to provide a more textual description of the transducer’s position inside the scanning head.
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F - The Data Acquisition Timing Diagram
This new feature displays horizontal bars and vertical tabs showing the main timing events related with wellultrasonic data acquisition. Additionally, the most important landmarks are textually described on the diagram.
The figure below illustrates the Timing Diagram for TA (Time / Amplitude) mode.
G - The INSITE Service Configuration Window
The INSITE Service Configuration Window (ISCW) is displayed by clicking on the command bottom illustratedbelow, which is located right below the Data Acquisition Timing Diagram.
The figure below shows an ISCW example. Each time an input parameter is changed the ISCW disappears.
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The panel on the right side of the ISCW displays the parameters produced by the Planner that must be entered bythe user into the INSITE parameter editor to configure the job accordingly. The telemetry setup field displays therecommended / simulated telemetry option in terms of DITS words reserved for the CAST service. You should beaware that the highest bandwidth option (612 words / DITS frame) can only be used by the CAST-V (CAST-V)and that the 170 words/frame and the 238 words/frame telemetry options do not apply to the CAST-V. These 2options (170 wpf and 238 wpf) are only used by the CAST-V.
The Fluid Travel Time (FTT), shown on the left side panel (User Inputs), is normally not a direct entry into thePlanner, unless the user knows it anticipatedly or wants to use a fixed FTT. In most cases this value will havebeen derived by the Planner based on the fluid type (Water or Oil based) and on the fluid weight inputs.
H - The Planner’s Title Bar
The caption on the Planner’s title bar reflects the main setup parameters that influence the service setting both inCLASS and in INSITE, which are:
1. The running mode. In Recommendation mode no mention to the running mode is done but in Simulation thetitle wording explicitly mentions it.
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2. The Data Acquisition mode: Imaging (Time & Amplitude – TA) or Waveforms (WF) mode.
3. The Pipe Material - always explicitly shown on the Planner’s title.
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3) Starting the Planner …
The CAST Job Planner (CJP) can be run both as a “free-riding” stand alone application or it can be called fromthe CAST service in INSITE. This program uses the Matlab Components Run Time library (MCR), which must beinstalled in your computer before you can use it. It takes quite a while to show on the screen when using MCRversions prior to 7.1, which is the version currently (Mar-2006) featured in INSITE.
When running CJP as a stand-alone program, select the Run command in Windows, change the current directoryto C:\CJP (if installed in the C drive) and type CJP. When running it from INSITE just double-click the Job Plannerbutton to start the CJP application.
The top of the CJP screen looks like this:
This is called the Primary Input Panel. Basic information should be entered by the user in these 3 panels, whichtell the Planner the following information:
1. The Well Environment. Two options are available:a. Cased Hole – CH. The Planner allows any operating mode (TA or WF).b. Open Hole – OH. The Planner forces using the TA mode.
2. The Application. Three options are available:
a. Cement Inspection – this option forces the tool to transmit waveforms, i.e. it must operate in WFmode. The Planner also sets the Vertical Resolution to 4 scans / ft. This can be changed only byrunning the Planner in Simulation Mode.
b. Pipe Inspection – the only difference between this application and Cement Inspection is theVertical Resolution, automatically set by the Planner (in Recommendation Mode) to 12 scans / ft.
c. Imaging – this is equivalent to plan for the tool to operate in TA mode. Therefore, Imaging and TAmode are equivalent. Notice that you can this application applies to any well environment (CHand OH).
3. The Tool Type. Four options are shown but only two are active as of March-2006:a. CAST-V – the DITS CAST-V tool.b. CAST-V – the DITS CAST-V tool.c. UltraLink CAST – future product, inactive button.
d. INSITE CAST – future product, inactive button.
These 3 choices set the context for planning a CAST job. ThePlanner will automatically change some labels, based on thesettings of these three panels. It will also allow certain choicesand disallow the ones that make no sense in the job context. Asan example, in Imaging (TA) mode it allows the user to choosewhich transducer to use, as shown by the picture on the right.
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The user should have clearly in mind what the implications of each of these options are. The table presentedbelow presents the main features provided by each option.
Environment /
Feature
Tool Mode Cement
Inspection
Pipe
Inspection
Imaging
Cased Hole TA , WF
Open Hole TA
Pipe Thickness WF
Pipe / Well ID TA, WF
Impedance Map WF
Amplitude Map TA, WF
Travel Time Map TA, WF
Pipe OD (ID + THK) WF
An additional feature of the new Planner is the ability to program a job for pipes made from a material differentfrom steel. In this respect the Planner is ahead of the real time software, which presently does not yet providesupport for any pipe material except steel. This is presented in this section because it would be one of the mostfundamental user inputs.
The data acquisition can still benefit from this new feature but because it has notbeen yet tested in practice (as of March-2006) you are advised to use it withcaution and contact the CAST Subject Matter Expert if a job shows up forlogging in non-steel pipes.
This choice is activated from the top menu (=> Environment => Pipe Material).The window shown below pops up main CJP disappears. After selecting thepipe material, the CJP screen is displayed again.
Among 4 defined materials a Custom Material option is also presented. Thecustom material is defined, for the purposes of the Planner in terms of its
Acoustic Slowness and its Density.
Most outputs presented by the Planner, including transducer type and scanning headsize are affected by the material choice.
When the Planner starts it comes in Recommendationmode. To perform Simulations just check the box(“Run the Planner in Simulation Mode”) shown by the
picture on the right.
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4) The User Input Panels
The User Input panels are comprised by:
• The Fluid Properties panel
• The Pipe / Well Data panel
• The Other Inputs panel
The outlook of each one of these panels may vary, depending on the well environment (Open Hole or CasedHole), on the service type (Imaging -TA or Cement / Pipe Inspection – WF), on the mode (Recommendation orSimulation) and on the user’s choice for the Fluid Travel Time which can be either estimated by the Planner ordirectly typed in. These different configurations are represented in the figures displayed below.
A) The Fluid Properties Panel
The main purpose of this panel is to deliver a Fluid Travel Time (FTT) upon which many of the calculations usedfor setting up the service configuration depend. When the FTT is Known box is not checked the Planner uses thefluid type (OBM – oil based mud or WBM – water based mud) and the fluid weight to estimate FTT. FTTinfluences all timing calculations displayed by the Planner.
FTT can also be directly input, by checking the FTT is Known box. This option is shown on the right hand sidefigured shown above.
B) The Pipe / Well Data Panel
This panel changes its lay-out based on the well environment – OH or CH.
In cased holes the user must type in the pipe Outer Diameter (OD) and the pipe Weight. These entries are usedfor calculating pipe Internal Diameter (ID) and pipe thickness (THK). The transducer choice for the CementInspection and Pipe Inspection applications is governed exclusively by THK, as THK determines the fundamentaltransverse mode resonance frequency of the pipe.
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In open holes the user is required to enter the well ID, which will usually be the bit size.
C) The Other Inputs Panel
This panel groups several entries that are necessary for the Planner to select the scanning head size and toestimate the 2-way first arrival time of a signal reflected by an outer pipe string, when checked as present.
Max Eccentricity – the user must type the expected maximum eccentricity value in this box, which has a defaultvalue of .15” that should work reasonably well for most cases. The maximum eccentricity influences the minimumand maximum Travel Time estimations, which are used for selecting the scanning head in Recommendationmode. It is strongly recommended never to set the max ECTY value at less than .10”. For Open Hole the usershould in most cases set this value at .25”. As a side note, Eccentricity becomes more critical as the InternalDiameter gets smaller. The Planner does not allow the user to enter ECTY larger than .25” in Recommendationmode but this tolerance is increased to 1.00” in Simulation mode.
End of Transducer Ringing Noise – this value (ETRN) represents the start of the region where the ringing noisehas died out to a level where the signal can be considered “clean”. The ringing noise is generated when thetransducer if fired and depends on the mechanical and acoustic characteristics of a given transducer. This valueinfluences the choice of the scanning head. This value should be in the range from 30µs to 50µs.
In Recommendation mode the Planner chooses the largest possible scanning head among those available thatproduces a minimum Travel Time (minTT) higher than ETRN.As a matter of fact it uses only the Effective HeadRadius in these calculations. In Simulation mode, any calculated TT values below ETRN are displayed red.
Available Heads – in Recommendation mode these check boxes indicate the Planner what type of “special”scanning heads are available for use. Quite logically, the Planner ignores any type of scanning head not check-marked. Notice that the “normal” scanning heads are always considered as available. In Simulation mode thissub-panel changes to a list box displaying all existing (as of March-2006) scanning heads with their differenttransducer positions. Each different transducer placement option inside a scanning head implies in a differentEffective Head Radius (EHR).
Outer Pipe – when logging in a Cased Hole environment, if the logged pipe
string is located inside a 2nd
pipe string the outer pipe may causeinterference on the recorded signals. The planner offers a feature that helpspredict if this kind of interference is possible. Although this feature is based on avalue that is generally unknown (the annulus material’s Slowness) and assumes the the inner pipe is centralizedinside the outer pipe, it is still helpful if one plays with educated guesses.
The “Outer Pipe” feature is invoked by checking the box shown in the picture above. It prompts the user to enter 3values in the 3 edit boxes which should contain, from left to right, the following values:
1. Outer Pipe Diameter (inches)2. Outer Pipe Weight (lbs/ft)3. Annulus Slowness (Delta-T in µs/ft)
A rule of thumb for setting the Annulus Delta-T is: for cement use ~110 µs / ft, for water use ~200 µs / ft, forbrines use ~180 µs/ft and for oil based muds use ~225 µs/ft.
These inputs are used by the Planner to calculate the 2-way travel time of the signal reflected by the outer pipe,which determines the start of the region where these signals start to arrive. This region is represented in the Data
Acquisition Timing Diagram.
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5) The Results Panel
The Results panel presents most of the CJP outputs. A field may be displayed with a different title and also beblanked out, depending on whether the Planner is being run in Recommendation or Simulation mode or onwhether the well environment is Open Hole or Cased Hole.
The outputs that are needed by the user for programming the service in INSITE are presented using a differentbackground color – blue/grey – from the other outputs. Apart from the Transducer type and from the ScanningHead configuration 5 other parameters are needed. These are shown at the bottom of this panel. A remark fieldis also presented besides the Transducer and the Head Size display. It is used to display either the transducerslot in a given scanning head or to indicate a problem with the job configuration, as detected by the Planner.
The bottom of the Results panel is used for a special feature dedicated to inform the user about how a givenmotor speed or about how a given line speed can influence the data acquisition. This feature is discussed in detaiin Section 6 of this document.
Recommended / Simulated Head Size – in Recommendation mode this field is used for displaying the Planner’srecommended scanning head. In Simulation mode it displays the scanning head selected by the user.
Recommended / Simulated Transducer – in Recommendation mode this field is used for displaying thePlanner’s recommended transducer. In Simulation mode it displays the transducer selected by the user.
Remark – the remark field on the top right corner is used for informing what scanning head slot is to be used or toindicate a problem related to the input configuration parameters.
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Pipe ID / Well Size – pipe Internal Diameter (CH) or Well Size (OH), in inches. Pipe ID is calculated as ID = sqrt(OD^2 – PipeWeight / K ) where K is a constant that depends on the pipe’s material and equals 2.713 for steel.
Pipe Thickness – approximate nominal inner pipe thickness, in inches. It is calculated as THK = (OD – ID) / 2.Notice that pipe Thickness is derived from the pipe OD and the pipe Weight, it does not come from a look-uptable. This value has wide-ranging implications on many of the recommendations done by the Planner when thetool is to be run in WF mode, and in many other calculations whose results are displayed on the Results Panel. Itgoverns the transducer selection, the Sampling Interval and the recorded Waveform Length. The Impedancecalculations are heavily affected by the Thickness measurement.
Pipe Res Freq – fundamental transverse mode resonance frequency (RF) of the pipe, in KHz. It depends on theacoustic slowness property (S) of the pipe material and on the pipe’s thickness. It is calculated as RF = S / (2 *THK). The value of S for steel is assumed .2243 us / inch.
Effective Head Radius – this value represents the effective distance, in inches, between the transducer’ssensitive element and the tool axis. It depends on the size of the scanning head and on the position (internal slot)where the transducer is installed.
Transducer Position – some heads offer more than one position where the transducer can be installed. The
head size and the transducer position set the offset of the transducer from the center of the tool and influencesignal strength and travel time. This position corresponds to the place where the snap ring that holds thetransducer in place is installed and is expressed as an integer number that is zero for single-slot heads and anumber higher than zero that grows with growing distance between the center of the tool and the slot’s location.
Avg Radial Clearance – distance in inches between head OD and pipe ID, when the head is centered in the well,i.e. when eccentricity is zero. It is calculated as ARC = (Well ID – Head ID) / 2
Min TT – minimum 2-way travel time, in μs. It occurs when the transducer is closest to the borehole wall. Thediagram below, where the inner circle represents the scanning head OD and the outer circle represents the holeID, illustrates MinTT, MaxTT and AvgTT conceptually Notice that as eccentricity approaches zero minTT, maxTTconverge to avgTT.
Max TT – maximum 2-way travel time, in μs. It occurs when the transducer is farthest from the borehole wall.
Avg TT – average 2-way travel time, in μs. It’s always the average of maxTT and minTT. It can also beinterpreted as the travel time that results when the head is perfectly centered inside a round hole.
Maximum Ecty – maximum eccentricity, in inches. This value is the same value entered by the user in the MaxECTY edit box. Notice that the difference between the maximum and the minimum Travel Times (maxTT –minTT) increase with increasing Eccentricity.
The relationship between these quantities is better illustrated with a graphic diagram, as presented below.
Centered Scanning Head – the center of the scanninghead coincides with the center of the hole.
Max TT = Min TT = Avg TT
Min TT
Max TT
Eccentered Scanning Head
Avg TT = (Min TT + Max TT) / 2
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TT 2nd
Reflection – 2-way travel time of the acoustic signal’s 2nd
reflection, in μs. It is calculated asTT_2
nd _Reflection = 2 * avgTT.
The diagram on the left represents the first (thicker line)and the 2
nd (thinner line) transmitted and reflected
signals
Part of the acoustic energy that is reflected back fromthe pipe wall is reflected back by the transducer and hitsthe pipe wall again. The interval between the transducerfiring and the first arrival of the 2
nd reflection is twice the
travel time of the first arrival. This signal may interferewith the recorded signal. Depending on FTT, on thedistance between the transducer and the pipe’s innerwall and on the length of the recorded waveform.
Optm. # Shots / Scan – optimum number of shots / scan. It is calculated as OptSpS = ID / XHR where XHR isthe transducer’s horizontal resolution. As smaller pipes have a smaller perimeter and each transducer has a fixed
horizontal resolution, fewer shots are needed as the size of the pipe decreases and yet full horizontal coveragecan be provided. The Planner (in Recommendation Mode) automatically recommends using the shots/scan optionthat is equal to or right above the calculated optimum value.
Recommended / Simulated #Shots / Scan – optimum number of shots / scan actually acquired by the tool. Thetool data acquisition system offers a limited set of options for this parameter, which are listed in the correspondinglist box in the DACQ Panel.
THK Outer Pipe – thickness, in inches, of the outer pipe, which is always assumed as made of steel. All valuesrelated to the outer pipe are blanked when there no outer pipe is indicated on the Planner or when the wellenvironment is set as Open Hole.
Annulus Size – distance between the inner pipe OD and the outer pipe OD, in μs, assuming these pipes are
concentric.
Annulus TT – 2-way travel time of the signal inside the annular space, in μs. The inner and outer pipes areassumed to be concentric.
TT Outer Pipe – estimated 2-way travel time of the signal reflected by the outer pipe, in μs. This result isinfluenced by avgTT, by the size and the slowness of the annulus material (for cement use ~110 µs / ft, for water use ~200 µs / ft, for brines use ~180 µs/ft and for oil based muds use ~225 µs/ft), by the thickness of the innerpipe and by the inner pipe material’s slowness (57 us / ft for steel). When the annulus space is small the signalreflected by the outer pipe may interfere with the recorded signal. This concern grows with growing recordedwaveform length.
TTouter_pipe = avgTT + 2 * THKinner_pipe * inner_pipeSlowness + 2 * AnnulusSize * AnnulusSlowness
XDCR Horz Resol – transducer horizontal resolution, in inches. This parameter is dependent on the geometricaland on the frequency characteristics of the transducer and is defined as the horizontal dimension of a feature .05”dip - think of it as a .05” deep groove along the longitudinal axis of a 9-5/8” pipe (this can be considered as a flatsurface) - that is clearly identified by the transducer.
Samples / Shot – number of samples in each waveform. This is simply the Waveform Length divided by theSampling Interval. This value together with the number of shots per scan and the number of scans per foot(Vertical Resolution) has a pronounced influence on the maximum log speed as it affects the amount of data that
XdcrPipe Wall
1st
reflection
2n
reflection
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must be transmitted for each scan.
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Recommended / Simulated Vert Resol – recommended or simulated vertical resolution (SVR) in scans / foot.In Rec mode this value is set to a predetermined number, as detailed below:
Application Data Type Recommended SVR (scans / ft)Cement Inspection waveforms 4
Pipe Inspection waveforms 12Imaging time / amplitude 36
The final vertical resolution of log depends ultimately on how many scans got acquired in each foot of welltraversed by the tool. So, this number basically depends on the tool speed, on the scanning motor speed and onthe effective uphole data transmission throughput of the tool.
Recommended / Simulated # Shots / Scan – recommended / simulated number of shots per scan. The CAST-Vtool offers a set of possible values for this parameter. In the CAST-V this is a fixed number (100 for waveforms,200 for TA). When recommended by the Planner this value assures full horizontal coverage of the pipe / borehole
Waveform Length – length, in μs, of the recorded waveform associated with each shot. Notice that thisparameter only makes sense when the tool is working in waveforms mode (WF mode) as in imaging (TA mode)
only the shot’s maximum amplitude and first arrival 2-way travel time are recorded.
Sampling Interval – time interval between consecutive samples, in μs, of the transmitted waveforms. The toolalways samples the signals at 5 MHz, which corresponds to a sampling interval of .2μs. The signals are thendown-sampled to the first 5 multiples of .2μs. Notice that this parameter only makes sense when the tool isworking in waveforms mode (WF mode).
Recmd. Inhibit Setting – to reduce the possibility of picking up a wrong travel time it is recommended to “inhibit”the data acquisition until a few microseconds before the minimum travel time estimated by the Planner. Thisconcept is valid for ultrasonic data acquisition in general, so it applies to any one of the CAST versions. In theCAST-V the data acquisition process starts when the transmitter is fired and the echoed acoustic signal issampled at 5MHz, which corresponds to a sampling interval of .2µs. When we set the Inhibit Time at, say, 250 weare telling the tool not to work with the first 250 samples, i.e. to ignore the first 50 µs of the acquired waveform.The logic behind the Planner’s Inhibit Time recommendation is explained in section F of this chapter, whichdescribes the Data Acquisition Timing Diagram.
You are recommended – with the CAST-V this can always be during logging – to look at the complete waveformto check that the Inhibit Time Setting is properly set. With the CAST-V this can only be done by setting the tool in“WAVE” mode, which is not a valid possible to do while logging. In WAVE mode the CAST real time screendisplays the complete waveform, with time in the horizontal scale. The CLASS DO CAST-V command allows youto set the inhibit time in µs (not in nbr of samples, as for the CAST-V). You should set up the Inhibit time at wherethe signal is clean and always leave at least a 6 µs slack before the first arrival time to allow for possible earlierarrivals.
The other outputs, illustrated on the bottom of the Results panel (see next figure) are explained in detail in theData Acquisition section of this manual.
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6) The Data Acquisition Panel
General – the Data Acquisition Panel helps the user select a suitable acquisition scheme when he runs thePlanner in provides in a Simulation mode. It is basically passive during Recommendation mode, except for
selecting the CAST (V or F) bandwidth, which is expressed in words / DITS frame. It provides in a single snapshota complete view of the most important parameters governing the data acquisition
The figures shown below are examples of the DACQ panel
Notice that the DACQ panel configuration changes in accordance with the CAST tool type. In this sense theDACQ panel will only present choices that actually exist for a given tool type. For instance, for the CAST-V the
number of shots per scan is dependent only on the service type (TA or WF) and therefore no selection listbox forthis parameter is provided. Instead, an uneditable label is used in this case to display the value of this parameter.
For the CAST-V, the telemetry choice is in practice dictated by the choice of the telemetry instrument. Thereforethe display is changed to show the different telemetry instruments. For the CAST-V three choices exist,independently of the service type or of the well environment.
Note: the Planner always assumes that a D4TG is used for running the CAST-V.
The Planner only changes the telemetry scheme (words / frame) for the CAST automatically when the userchanges the tool type. After that the user can change the CAST telemetry choice without the Planner interfering,using the radio buttons on the bottom of the panel.
Tools in Combination – a set of checkboxes for 5 different DITS tools informs the Planner about if they are to becombined with the CAST. The Tool String field will display in red font if the output capacity of the telemetryinstrument is exceeded.
Listboxes – four listboxes are available for programming the recorded Waveform Length, Sampling Interval,Number of Shots / Scan and Vertical Resolution. These choices are only allowed when they actually apply, whichis the case with the CAST-V, and are not active in Recommendation mode. They increase with the down key –think about them as depth, as you go down the depth increases. A listbox choice is effectively activated only whenthe listbox is left-clicked.
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The DACQ panel outputs are combined with the time results from the Results panel to generate the Data Acquisition Timing Diagram. The effects of the user choices are immediately displayed on all parameters that areaffected by his choice. These parameters are described next.
Max Logging Speed (MLS) – this is the maximum line speed (log speed) allowed by the telemetry outputcapacity of the downhole tool string that will transmit the required number of scans per foot for the current dataacquisition configuration, as chosen by the user (Simulation Mode) or recommended by the Planner(Recommendation Mode). In other words, if you run the tool above this speed you will get less information thanwhat is shown in the Vertical Resolution (Scans / Ft) display.
Min Motor Rev / Sec @ MLS (MMS) – this is the minimum motor speed at the maximum logging speed allowedby the telemetry (the MLS parameter described above), in revolutions per seconds. You should turn the motorfaster than this value so as to fully benefit from the telemetry throughput. If you turn it slower bandwidth will bewasted as the transducer produces data at a slower pace than the downhole telemetry system is able to send.
By turning the motor slower than this value and running the tool at MLS you will obtain less scans per foot thanspecified in the Planner, in whichever mode. As your MLS increases, i.e. as the telemetry system becomes ableto transmit more data the minimum scanning speed of the motor also increases. Therefore to get the specified (or
superior) vertical resolution, if you can not rotate the motor at this minimum speed, you’ll have to limit the linespeed. This limit is calculated by the Planner using the resources shown below, located on the bottom of theResults Panel.
So let’s suppose that the minimum motor rev is8 rps for achieving a certain vertical resolutionat MLS (23 ft / min) but you can only turn thescanning head at 5 rps. Using the “Set currentspeed for…” panel you click on the Motor radio button to inform the Planner that you want
to set the current motor speed to, say, 5 rps. The Planner displays, in this particular case that the maximumlogging speed is 15 fpm. So you can not run the tool at full speed (as dictated by the telemetry) to produce animage of a given vertical resolution because you can not scan fast enough. This situation happens most
frequently when using a large scanning head and is more likely to happen with a CAST-V because it requires 5revolutions per scan in waveform (WF) mode. In WF mode the CAST-V requires 1 revolution / scan. Both toolsrequire 1 rev / scan in TA (Imaging) mode.
The reverse situation may also occur – if theline speed is limited below the MLS value, forwhatever reason, the minimum speed requiredfor the scanning head decreases. In this case,check the Line / Winch radio button to set the
current line speed. The Planner displays the minimum motor speed required for the input line speed.
Absolute Maximum Motor Speed (AMMS) – if the scanning head is turned too fast, at a certain point thetransducer may be fired before the data acquisition system has finished processing or even acquiring the signalfrom the previous shot. This situation must be avoided – it will cause loss of information at the best and a dataacquisition system jam that may require tool reinitialization at the worst. In a nutshell, do not turn the motor fasterthan the absolute maximum motor speed. Try to keep the motor speed 1 rev / second or more above theminimum motor speed @ MLS. The AMMS will usually be much higher than the MMS, in the great majority of thesituations normally found in field jobs there will be a huge gap between these 2 values.
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Bandwidth in Words / Frame – maximum number of words / DITS frame allowed by the DITS telemetryinstrument. The number of DITS words used by the CAST tool and used by the whole tool string – CAST plus thechecked DITS tools – are displayed below this field.
At the bottom of the DACQ panel are the radio boxes which represent the bandwidth taken by the CAST. Asalready explained, this bandwidth (BW) is in the great majority of the cases dictated by the telemetry instrumentfor the CAST-V but can be directly specified for a CAST-V. For waveform mode you are recommended to choosethe highest possible BW choice allowed by your tool string. For time / amplitude mode choose 306 words / frame.
A higher CAST BW choice would result in wasted transmission bandwidth, as the MMS (min motor speed) wouldbe too high, thus nullifying the benefit of the adopting a faster telemetry.
For the CAST-V three DITS telemetry formats are available. The slowest format, named “Slow Tel”, reserves 306words per frame for the CAST and is mainly intended for use in TA (Time & Amplitude - Imaging) mode. Thisformat maintains compatibility with possible tool combinations that were in use before using a CAST-V. In factboth tools are very similar when it comes to running them in TA mode, and the gain in speed actually only occurswhen the CAST-V is using less than 200 words / shot, since in this case it will be transmitting less data for everyscan. This format must be used when the CAST-V is used with other data-intensive tools such as the WSTT andEMI, under both TA and WF modes.
Two new telemetry formats were created for use with the CAST-V and these were intended for use in WF(Waveforms) mode:
1. The “Medium Tel” format uses 476 words / frame and keeps the CAST-V compatible for use incombination with an M305-based CBL tool.
2. The “Fast Tel” format uses 612 words / frame. It is intended for use mainly when the CAST-V is runalone. It still allows this tool to be combined with low data rate tools such as an SDDT, an NGRT, Caliper,etc. It should be the preferred format for cement and pipe inspection services where a CBL tool is notrequired since it permits logging at much higher speed than any other format thus bringing considerablerig time savings.
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7) The Results Validation Bar
This bar, located right above the Remarks panel, may display in 3 colors – blue, red and brown.
A BLUE bar indicates no problems with the job setup.
A BROWN bar indicates that there is a problem that does not prevent you from using the current setup or that thesetup can be optimized. In most cases it points to a problem with the telemetry choice.
A RED bar indicates a severe problem that almost certainly requires that one or more parameters be changed inorder to properly program a CAST job. When the validation bar displays RED expect to see one or moremessages and probably also some results displayed in red font on the Results panel. The remarks and the red-colored results text boxes in the Results panel will in most cases provide a good hint about the nature of theproblem that is adversely affecting the Planner’s outputs.
A few examples of the results validation bar showing its different colors are displayed in the next page. In the lastcase (BROWN bar) a lower telemetry mode is being recommended. However the job could be done using thecurrent configuration by reducing the motor speed. The bottom remark is indicating ineffective use of the available
telemetry bandwidth.
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8) The Data Acquisition Timing Diagram
The Data Acquisition Timing Diagram is presented as a line graph at the bottom of the Planner. It aims to providea snapshot of the critical timing parameters that are involved in the CAST data acquisition process, as anticipatedby the Planner using the information supplied by the user. It constitutes a good diagnosis tool and can be usedalso when running in the Planner in Simulation Mode. The diagram is not displayed when the results validationbar goes RED.
The figure above shows an example of the Timing Diagram. The basic reference is (time Zero) is the instant whenthe transducer is fired. Additionally to the transducer firing time the Timing Diagram prints a mark at each one ofthese timing events:
1. Mute Region – follows immediately after the firing. This region, equivalent to 28µs is the minimum inhibit time(corresponding to 140 samples, 28 X 5 = 140) that the user can program.
2. End of Ring Noise – time at which all transducer ringing noise is supposed to have died out. This value isprogrammable and may vary between individual transducers and is set at 36µs by default.
3. Inhibit Time (IT) – this parameter applies only to the CAST-V and is also programmable. Inhibit Time,
marked with a vertical orange line, is the time at which the data acquisition actually considers as the start ofvalid data. Although the acquisition process is initiated at the time the transducer is fired, all data acquired upto IT is ignored for recording purposes. The Planner uses the following logic for the IT recommendation:
a. In Cased Hole it subtracts 6µs the minimum Travel Time (minTT), and converts the result to the nbr oacquisition sampling intervals equivalent to that time. Each interval is .2 µs long. It then rounds downthat number to a multiple of 10. In practice this is equivalent to say that IT is the even nbr of µsimmediately below minTT-6 .
b. In Open Hole it makes the same calculation as above and also calculates what 2-way Travel timeresults if the well ID is .5” below the bit size – this calculation involves the Fluid Travel Time. Thelower of these 2 calculations is then converted to the number of acquisition sampling intervals androunded down to a multiple of 10.
4. minTT – minimum 2-way first arrival Travel Time.
5. avgTT – average 2-way first arrival Travel Time.
6. maxTT – maximum 2-way first arrival Travel Time.
For each one of items 4, 5 and 6 a line of size equivalent to the length of the recorded waveform is drawnshowing the time region over which the shots get recorded. These lines are not displayed in Imaging (TA) mode.
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At the bottom of the diagram, a black line illustrates the time range covered by the recorded data, as expected bythe Planner.7. 2
nd Reflection Region – region where signals originating from a 2
nd reflection (signal bouncing between xdcr
pipe) of the acoustic wave arrive at the transducer. This line is colored RED when a large portion of the 2nd
reflection region overlaps with the recorded waveform. Notice that overlap region is calculated based on thevalue of avgTT – there will be more overlap (signal interference) when the transducer is nearer to the pipe /borehole wall and less overlap (signal interference) as the distance between the transducer and the pipe /borehole wall increases. In more quantitative terms, for each shot an overlap will exist whenever the recordedwaveform is longer than that shot’s 2-way Travel Time.
8. Arrivals from 2nd
Pipe – region where signals from the outer pipe (if the outer pipe box is checked) arrive atthe transducer. It is colored RED only when the Planner sees considerable overlap with the incoming signals.There are several justifications for this approach. The main one is that these signals are much smaller thanthe signals from the inner pipe.
9) The REMARKS Panel
The REMARKS panel is comprised of 4 text fields that are used to display messages. The messages may beindicative of errors, warnings or just informative. As already mentioned, they are ranked in terms of importancewhen the Planner is run in Recommendation mode, so messages that are more critical appear on top of onesconsidered less critical.
An example (resulting from somewhat unrealistic inputs) of a Remarks Panel display is provided below forillustration purposes.
Perhaps the main objective of these remarks is didactic, i.e. to guide the user with respect to the consequences ofhis inputs, especially when they bring results that the Planner interprets as being problematic.
These remarks are saved in all file formats supported by the Planner.
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9) The Top MENU Bar
The main components of the CJP top menu bar, shown above, are:
1. Fileo Exit – closes the CJP program.
o Save – saves the Planner variables (inputs and outputs) in digital format with .CJP extension.
o Save As – saves the Planner variables in digital format under an arbitrary (new or old) file name,with the .CJP extension.
o Save as EXCEL Spreadsheet – saves the Planner variables – including remarks and header – asan MS-EXCEL spreadsheet (.xls extension) for user convenience. Notice that the results are
saved in 3 separate sheets in the MS-EXCEL workbook. The workbook comes with 6 sheets, 3 ofwhich are used by the Planner, and is always named CJP_Results.xls. No resource is providedfor reading the Planner inputs from an EXCEL spreadsheet.
o Open – opens a saved .CJP file and configures the Planner accordingly.
2. Printo Edit Header Data – the .CJP file and the report
generated by the Planner may contain a header. Theheader editing window, a screenshot of which isshown below, is accessed by clicking on this option.The data entered in the header fields is saved whenthe user presses the “Update Header Data” commandbutton.
The header data is saved in all file saving formatssupported by the Planner. The figures shown herepresent a Header Editing Window and a view of the
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same saved in EXCEL format.
o Print Report – this option prints the report generated using Menu => Tools => Make Report. Thiscommand generates an ASCII file that has a name composed of the Client and Well Namestrings, with a .rep extension (like CVJP_New Client_Well #0001.rep).
o Print Screen – this resource is still being developed and may not be working in some systemscurrently used in the field.
3. Toolso Make Report – read the “Print Report” item above.
o Show INSITE Inputs Window – this command has exactly the same functionality of left-clickingthe “Show the INSITE Service Configuration Window” command button displayed on the bottomof the Planner screen.
4. Environmento Select Pipe Material – allows the user to change the pipe material between steel, titanium,
fiberglass and chrome. A “Custom Material” option allows setting up for an arbitrary materialdefined through its Acoustic Slowness and Density properties.
5. About – displays information on the program, like version, author,release date, etc.
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Appendix B – Insert Name
Appendix
B
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