Carbon Compounds

Alkanes

• CnH2n+2

• Homologous Series– Similar structure & properties– Differ in number of CH2 units– Gradual change in physical properties

• i.e. Boiling point increases

Methane

• methane CH4

Ethane

• ethane C2H6

Propane

• propane C3H8

Butane

• butane C4H10

Mary Eats Peanut Butter• Methane one• Ethane two• Propane three• Butane four

The Rest of the Alkanes

• pentane C5H12

• hexane C6H14

• heptane C7H16

• octane C8H18

• nonane C9H20

• decane C10H22

Structural Formula

• Lewis Structures

Saturated Compounds

• Organic compounds which have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms.–No double or triple bonds between

carbon atoms.

Alkenes

• Contain one or more double covalent bonds.

• CnH2n

Methene

• Does not exist…how could it?

Ethene

• C2H4

Propene

• C3H6

Butene

• C4H8

Alkynes

• Contain one or more triple covalent bonds.• CnH2n-2

Ethyne

• C2H2

Cycloalkanes

• CnH2n

• Cyclopropane

Cyclohexane

• C6H12

Ethanol

• C2H5OH

Alcohols• CnH2n+1OH (ROH)

Methanol

• CH3OH

Benzene

• C6H6

• Kekulé

Benzene