Capabilities of IOs

7/18/2019 Capabilities of IOs

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Capabilities of IntergovernmentalOrganizations

SPC Knopsnyder



Task, Condition, and Standard

Task: Learn and understand te !apabilities of differentIntergovernmental Organizations "IOs# and o$ teypertain to Civil %ffairs Operations

Condition: &iven a !lassroom environment and a oneour blo!k of instru!tion

Standard: 'e able to list tree different IOs, various!apabilities, and $y it matters to Civil %ffairs



(at are IntergovernmentalOrganizations)

Intergovernmental Organizations "IOs orinternational governmental organization* I&O#

are organizations !omposed primarily ofsovereign states "referred to as memberstates#, or of oter intergovernmentalorganizations+



Types of IntergovernmentalOrganizations

%!!ording to te earbook of International Organizations,tere are appro-imately .,/// IOs0I&Os su! as:

●

1nited 2ations is itself an IO and is an umbrella organization foroter IOs

– %lso in!ludes several spe!ialized agen!ies su! as te 1nited 2ationsCildren3s 4und "12IC54#, 4ood and %gri!ulture Organization "4%O#,(orld 6ealt Organization "(6O#, and te (orld 4ood Programme"(4P#

● Tere are also IOs $it fo!uses on te environment, fiseries,migration, maritime, arms !ontrol and nu!lear po$er,finan!ial0trade0!ustoms, la$ enfor!ement, edu!ational, !ultural,ideologi!al, and politi!al groupings



(orld 4ood Programme

Fighting Hunger Worldwide




(o (e %re, (at (e 7o, (y (e 7o It



(orld 4ood Programme3s 8ission

● Te mission of te (orld 4ood Programme is to eradi!ateunger and malnutrition, $it te ultimate goal of eliminating teneed for food aid itself+

● Te ob9e!tives te (4P ope to a!ieve to a!!omplis teir

mission are+ ;Save lives and prote!t livelioods in emergen!ies<

=+ ;Support food se!urity and nutrition and "re#buildlivelioods in fragile settings and follo$ing emergen!ies

>+ ;?edu!e risk and enable people, !ommunities, and!ountries to meet teir o$n food and nutrition needs<

@+ ;?edu!e undernutrition and break te intergenerational!y!le of unger<



(orld 4ood Programme3s %!tivities

● In =/, te (4P rea!ed AA+ million people in B. !ountriesand provided >+ million tonnes of food, in!luding nutritionallyimproved produ!ts+

● Te number of malnourised !ildren $o re!eived spe!ial

nutritional support in =/ $as over million, up from D+.million in =//+ Some => million !ildren re!eived s!ool mealsor takeEome rations+

● In =/, te (4P bougt over =+@ million metri! tons of food,$ort more tan 1S F+= billion, in DB !ountries+ Of te =+@

million metri! tons of food, BG $as pur!ased in developing!ountries, representing appro-imately 1S FDB/ million andmore tan +B million metri! tons+



(orld 4ood Programme3s %!tivities"Cont3d#

● %mong its oter a!tivities, te (4P is !oordinating te fiveEyearPur!ase for Progress "P@P# pilot pro9e!t+

● Laun!ed in September =//D, P@P assists smallolder farmersby offering tem opportunities to a!!ess agri!ultural markets

and to be!ome !ompetitive players in te market pla!e+● Te pro9e!t is under$ay in =/ of te = planned !ountries and,

sin!e te laun!, more tan ,/// farmers, $areouseoperators and small H medium traders ave re!eived trainingfrom te (4P and partners in improved agri!ultural produ!tion,

postEarvest andling, uality assuran!e, group marketing,agri!ultural finan!e and !ontra!ting $it te (4P+

● 8ore tan =/B,/// metri! tons of food valued at 1SFB.+million ave been !ontra!ted+




● Te (4P fo!uses its food assistan!e on tose $o are mostvulnerable to unger, $i! most freuently means $omen,!ildren, te si!k and te elderly+

● In fa!t, part of te response to te =// 6aiti eartuake

!onsisted of distributing food aid only to $omen as e-perien!ebuilt up over almost . de!ades of $orking in emergen!ysituations as demonstrated tat giving food only to $omenelps to ensure tat it is spread evenly among all ouseoldmembers+

●

S!oolEfeeding and0or takeEome ration programmes in B!ountries elp students fo!us on teir studies and en!ourageparents to send teir !ildren, espe!ially girls, to s!ool+



(orld 6ealt Organization



(orld 6ealt Organization3s 6istory

● Su!!essor of te 6ealt Organization founded by te League of2ations+

● 5stablised on %pril Bt, A@D as a spe!ialized agen!y under te1nited 2ations

● Its first priorities $ere to !ontrol te spread of malaria,tuber!ulosis and se-ually transmitted infe!tions, and to improvematernal and !ild ealt, nutrition and environmental ygiene+Its first legislative a!t $as !on!erning te !ompilation ofa!!urate statisti!s on te spread and morbidity of disease+

● Te logo of te (orld 6ealt Organization features te ?od of %s!lepius as a symbol for ealing



(orld 6ealt Organization3s 8ission

● Te (6O3s Constitution states tat its ob9e!tive Jis teattainment by all people of te igest possible level of ealtJ

● It aims to fulfill its ob9e!tive troug its !ore fun!tions:

– providing leadersip on matters !riti!al to ealt and engaging in

partnersips $ere 9oint a!tion is needed – saping te resear! agenda and stimulating te generation,

translation and dissemination of valuable kno$ledge

– setting norms and standards and promoting and monitoring teirimplementation

– arti!ulating eti!al and eviden!eEbased poli!y options

– providing te!ni!al support, !atalysing !ange, and buildingsustainable institutional !apa!ity

– monitoring te ealt situation and assessing ealt trends+



(orld 6ealt Organization3s %!tions

6I● (6O $orks $itin te 12%I7S net$ork and !onsiders it

important tat it $orks in alignment $it 12%I7S ob9e!tives andstrategies+ It also strives to involve se!tions of so!iety otertan ealt to elp deal $it te e!onomi! and so!ial effe!ts ofte disease+

● In line $it 12%I7S, (6O as set itself te interim taskbet$een =//A and =/. of redu!ing te number of tose aged.=@ years $o are infe!ted by ./G* redu!ing ne$ 6I

infe!tions in !ildren by A/G* and redu!ing 6IErelated deatsby =.G




8alaria Treatment and Prevention● %ltoug (6O dropped its !ommitment to a global malaria

eradi!ation !ampaign in te AB/s as too ambitious, it retains astrong !ommitment to malaria !ontrol+

● (6O3s &lobal 8alaria Programme $orks to keep tra!k ofmalaria !ases, and future problems in malaria !ontrol s!emes+(6O is to report, likely in =/., as to $eter ?TS,S0%S/,!urrently in resear!, is a viable malaria va!!ine+

●

4or te time being, inse!ti!ideEtreated mosuito nets andinse!ti!ide sprays are used to prevent te spread of malaria, asare antimalarial drugs parti!ularly to vulnerable people su!as pregnant $omen and young !ildren

( ld 6 lt O i ti 3 % ti




Tuber!ulosis

● (6O3s elp as !ontributed to a @/G fall in te number ofdeats from tuber!ulosis bet$een AA/ and =//, and sin!e=//., it !laims tat over @ million people ave been treatedand an estimated B million lives saved troug pra!ti!es

advo!ated by (6O+● Tese in!lude engaging national governments and teir

finan!ing, early diagnosis, standardising treatment, monitoringof te spread and impa!t of tuber!ulosis and stabilising te drugsupply+

● It as also re!ognised te vulnerability of vi!tims of 6I0%I7S totuber!ulosis





Polio

● (6O aims to eradi!ate polio+ It as also been su!!essful inelping to redu!e !ases by AAG sin!e te &lobal Polio5radi!ation Initiative $as laun!ed in ADD, $i! partnered(6O $it ?otary International, te 1S Centers for 7isease

Control and Prevention "C7C# and te 1nited 2ationsCildren3s 4und "12IC54#, as $ell as smaller organizations+

● It $orks to immunize young !ildren and prevent te reEemergen!e of !ases in !ountries de!lared JpolioEfreeJ





5bola

● Currently $orking in (est %fri!a to treat te most re!entoutbreak of ebola, a disease $it a A/G fatility rate+



(orld 6ealt Organization3s 4unding

● (6OMs approved Programme 'udget for =//=/ $as 1SF@+. billion+

● Tat money !omes from t$o separate sour!es of funding:assessed !ontributions from (6OMs A@ member states

"means tested# and voluntary !ontributions from member statesand nonEgovernment funders su! as foundations, investmentbanks, multiEnational !orporations, and nonEgovernmentorganisations+



4ood and %gri!ulture Organization

“Let there be bread”



4ood and %gri!ulture Organization 8ission

● Te 4ood and %gri!ulture Organization of te 1nited 2ations"4%O# is an agen!y of te 1nited 2ations tat leadsinternational efforts to defeat unger+

● Serving bot developed and developing !ountries, 4%O a!ts as

a neutral forum $ere all nations meet as euals to negotiateagreements and debate poli!y+

● 4%O is also a sour!e of kno$ledge and information, and elpsdeveloping !ountries and !ountries in transition modernize andimprove agri!ulture, forestry and fiseries pra!ti!es, ensuring

good nutrition and food se!urity for all+● %s of D %ugust =/>, 4%O as A@ member states, along $it

te 5uropean 1nion "a Jmember organizationJ#, and te 4aroeIslands and Tokelau, $i! are asso!iate members



4ood and %gri!ulture Organization 8ission"Cont3d#

●

%!ieving food se!urity for all is at te eart of 4%O3s efforts to make sure people ave regular a!!ess to enoug igEuality food to lead a!tive, ealty lives+

● Teir tree main goals are:

– te eradi!ation of unger, food inse!urity and malnutrition – te elimination of poverty and te driving for$ard of

e!onomi! and so!ial progress for all

– te sustainable management and utilization of natural

resour!es, in!luding land, $ater, air, !limate and geneti!resour!es for te benefit of present and future generations+



4ood and %gri!ulture Organization 6istory

● Te idea of an international organization for food andagri!ulture emerged in te late At and early =/t !entury!ulminating in an international !onferen!e eld in ?ome $i!led to te !reation of te International Institute of %gri!ulture+

●

In A@>, te 1nited States President 4ranklin 7+ ?oosevelt!alled a 1nited 2ations Conferen!e on 4ood and %gri!ulture+?epresentatives from forty four governments gatered at Te6omestead ?esort in 6ot Springs, irginia from D 8ay to >Nune+ Tey !ommitted temselves to founding a permanentorganization for food and agri!ulture, $i! appened inuebe! City, Canada on O!tober A@.

● Te Se!ond (orld (ar effe!tively ended te International %gri!ultural Institute, toug it $as only offi!ially dissolved byresolution of its Permanent Committee on =B 4ebruary A@D+ Its

fun!tions $ere ten transferred to te re!ently establised 4%O



4ood and %gri!ulture Organization %!ievements

● 4%O and te (orld 6ealt Organization !reated te Code- %limentarius Commission in A> to develop food standards,guidelines and te-ts su! as !odes of pra!ti!e under te Noint4%O0 (6O 4ood Standards Programme

●

In 7e!ember =//B, 4%O laun!ed its Initiative on Soaring 4oodPri!es to elp small produ!ers raise teir output and earn more+4%O as !arried out pro9e!ts in over =. !ountries and interEagen!y missions in nearly /+ One e-ample of its $ork is a 1SF/+= million s!eme to distribute and multiply uality seeds in6aiti, $i! as signifi!antly in!reased food produ!tion, terebyproviding !eaper food and boosting farmers3 in!omes+



4ood and %gri!ulture Organization %!ievements "Cont3d#

● 4%O !reated te International Plant Prote!tion Convention orIPPC in A.=+ Tis international treaty organization $orks toprevent te international spread of pests and plant diseases+

%mong its fun!tions are te maintenan!e of lists of plant pests,tra!king of pest outbreaks, and !oordination of te!ni!al

assistan!e bet$een member nations+ %s of 8ay =/=, BBgovernments ad adopted te treaty+

● 4%O is bot a global !learingouse for information on forestsand forest resour!es and a fa!ilitator tat elps build !ountriesMlo!al !apa!ity to provide teir o$n national forest data+ In!ollaboration $it member !ountries, 4%O !arries out periodi!global assessments of forest resour!es, $i! are madeavailable troug reports, publi!ations and te 4%O3s (eb site



4ood and %gri!ulture Organization 4unding

● Like oter 12 spe!ialized agen!ies, te 4%O is funded byassessed "obligatory# and voluntary !ontributions by memberstates+ 8ember statesM assessed !ontributions are establisedat te biennial 4%O !onferen!e+

● Te regular budget for =/@E=/. is 1S7 billion, andvoluntary !ontributions, $i! support te!ni!al and emergen!yassistan!e to governments, are e-pe!ted to approa! 1S7 +@billion+



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Capabilities of IOs

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