Herding Lions, Cats and Kittens Capabilities of NGOs and IOs and Challenge of Coordination

Herding Lions, Cats and Herding Lions, Cats and KittensKittens

Capabilities of NGOs and IOs Capabilities of NGOs and IOs and Challenge of Coordinationand Challenge of Coordination

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Humanitarian Phase ActorsHumanitarian Phase Actors

Leverage Leverage comparative comparative

advantages of advantages of both military both military

and and NGOs to NGOs to conduct conduct

more more effective effective relief and relief and development development activities.activities.

Understand the roles Understand the roles and responsibilities and responsibilities of those sent to of those sent to intervene militarily intervene militarily and those sent to and those sent to alleviate the alleviate the suffering of the suffering of the affected population.affected population.

Standardize the Standardize the relationship relationship before, during before, during and after and after hostilities.hostilities. 3

2

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The United Nations is an integrated system of institutions, agencies and offices that are present in every peace, stability and relief operation. The UN has the greatest experience and the most widely accepted legitimacy of any international organization. It is also the most heavily engaged with over 140,000 personnel employed from 191 member Countries in 18 peace operations.

The United NationsThe United Nations


United NationsUnited Nations

Players in the field:The Resident RepresentativeThe Resident CoordinatorUN Country TeamHumanitarian CoordinatorUN Field Agencies

Major structures:General Assembly Security Council

Economic and Social Council

Secretariat (OCHA, DPKO, ICJ, ICC, ICTY,

ICTR, Special Court for Sierra Leone)


U.N. Agencies in AfghanistanU.N. Agencies in Afghanistan

UN agencies in AfghanistanUN agencies in Afghanistan ･･ UNDP (United Nations UNDP (United Nations Development Program)Development Program) ･･ UNAMA (United Nations Assistance UNAMA (United Nations Assistance Mission in Afghanistan)Mission in Afghanistan) ･･ UNCC (United Nations UNCC (United Nations Compensation Commission)Compensation Commission) ･･ UNCCD (United Nations UNCCD (United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification)Convention to Combat Desertification) ･･ UN-HABITAT UN-HABITAT (United Nations Centre for Human Settlements)(United Nations Centre for Human Settlements) ･･ UNCSD UNCSD (United Nations Common Supplier Database)(United Nations Common Supplier Database) ･･ UNCTAD UNCTAD (United Nations Conference on Trade and Development)(United Nations Conference on Trade and Development) ･･UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme)UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) ･･ UNESCO UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization)Organization) ･･ UNFCCC (United Nations Framework UNFCCC (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change)Convention on Climate Change) ･･ UNFPA (United Nations UNFPA (United Nations Population Fund for Afghanistan)Population Fund for Afghanistan) ･･ UNHCR (United Nations UNHCR (United Nations High Commission for Refugees)High Commission for Refugees) ･･ UNICEF (United Nations UNICEF (United Nations ChildrenChildren ﾕﾕ ss Fund) Fund) ･･ UN ICT TF (United Nations Information UN ICT TF (United Nations Information and Communication Technologies Taskorce)and Communication Technologies Taskorce) ･･ UNIDO (United UNIDO (United Nations Industrial Development Organization)Nations Industrial Development Organization) ･･ UNIFEM UNIFEM (United Nations Development Fund for Women)(United Nations Development Fund for Women) ･･ UNJLC UNJLC (United Nations Joint Logistics Center)(United Nations Joint Logistics Center) ･･ UNODC (United UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime)Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) ･･ UNOPS (UN Office for UNOPS (UN Office for Project Services)Project Services)


Internationl Internationl OrganizationsOrganizations

RegionalAfrican Union Organization of American States The League of Arab StatesEuropean Union

TopicalOrganization of Security and Co-operation in Europe (economics and development), The Commonwealth of Nations (historic ties)

Unique International Committee of the Red CrossInternational Organization for Migration


NGOsNGOs

NGO: A private, self-governing, not-for-profit organization dedicated to alleviating human suffering by promoting education, health care, economic development, environment protection, human rights, and conflict resolution and encouraging the establishment of democratic institutions and civil

society.

Over 38,000 NGOs around world (more than double amount from 98-99)Governed by board of TrusteesMost NGOs decentralized with no elaborate hierarchal structure.Funding sources vary by NGO

private, corporate or foundation government grants, in-kind donations etc


NGOs in ConflictNGOs in Conflict

NGO/IFRC Code of Conduct

1 Humanitarian Imperative

2 Independence

3 Impartiality in situations of conflict

Increased security threatsNGO-Military Co-ordination

(provision of assistance and information sharing)

Humanitarian Space:1 Physical Access to those with assistance and/or

protection needs (geographical dimension)

2 The Necessary social, political and military conditions for humanitarians to carry out their work, including security and immunity from attack (physical and institutional dimensions).

3 Respect for humanitarian principles, including independence and the humanitarian character (non-military and nonpolitical) of humanitarian character (non-military and nonpolitical) of humanitarian work (temporal and categorical dimensions) (ECHO 2004)


Afghan Aid; Action Contre la Faim; Agency d’aide à la Cooperation Technique et au Afghan Aid; Action Contre la Faim; Agency d’aide à la Cooperation Technique et au Development; Action Aid Afghanistan; Afghan Development Association; Adventist Development; Action Aid Afghanistan; Afghan Development Association; Adventist Development & Relief Agency; Afghan Educational Rehabilitation Organization; Afghan Development & Relief Agency; Afghan Educational Rehabilitation Organization; Afghan Family Guidance Association; Amitié France Afghan; American Friends Services Family Guidance Association; Amitié France Afghan; American Friends Services Committee; Afghan German Health Coordination Office; Afghan Health and Development Committee; Afghan German Health Coordination Office; Afghan Health and Development Services; Afghan’s Health & Social Assist Organization; Afghan Institute of Learning; Services; Afghan’s Health & Social Assist Organization; Afghan Institute of Learning; Afghan Inkishafi Tarbiawee Markaz, Agha Khan Foundation; Aide Medicale Afghan Inkishafi Tarbiawee Markaz, Agha Khan Foundation; Aide Medicale Internationale; Afghan Relief Committee; Ariameher Rehabilitation Establishments; Internationale; Afghan Relief Committee; Ariameher Rehabilitation Establishments; Agency for Rehabilitation & Energy Conservation in Afghanistan; Afghanistan Agency for Rehabilitation & Energy Conservation in Afghanistan; Afghanistan Rehabilitation & Reconstruction Agency Falah; Anti Tuberculosis Association Rehabilitation & Reconstruction Agency Falah; Anti Tuberculosis Association Afghanistan Program; Afghan Women’s Education Center; Afghan Women’s Resource Afghanistan Program; Afghan Women’s Education Center; Afghan Women’s Resource Center; Afghan Women Services & Education Organization; Christian Aid, Cooperative Center; Afghan Women Services & Education Organization; Christian Aid, Cooperative for Assistance & Relief Everywhere; Caritas Germany; Cooperation Center for for Assistance & Relief Everywhere; Caritas Germany; Cooperation Center for Afghanistan; Child Fund Afghanistan; Coordination of Humanitarian Assistance; Afghanistan; Child Fund Afghanistan; Coordination of Humanitarian Assistance; Children in Crisis; Coordination of Afghan Relief; Catholic Organization for Relief & Children in Crisis; Coordination of Afghan Relief; Catholic Organization for Relief & Development Aid; Counterpart International; Cooperation for Peace & Unity; Committee Development Aid; Counterpart International; Cooperation for Peace & Unity; Committee for Rehabilitation Aid to Afghanistan; Catholic Relief Services; Church World for Rehabilitation Aid to Afghanistan; Catholic Relief Services; Church World Service; Church World Wide; Danish Committee for Aid to Afghan Refugee; Dutch Service; Church World Wide; Danish Committee for Aid to Afghan Refugee; Dutch Committee for Afghanistan; Danish Demining Group; Deutsche Welthugerhilfe/ German Committee for Afghanistan; Danish Demining Group; Deutsche Welthugerhilfe/ German Agro Action; Educational & Training Center for Poor Women & Girls of Afghanistan; Agro Action; Educational & Training Center for Poor Women & Girls of Afghanistan; Helping Afghan Farmers Organization; Humanitarian Assistance Society; Helvetas/Swiss Helping Afghan Farmers Organization; Humanitarian Assistance Society; Helvetas/Swiss Association for International Cooperation; Handicap International; Human Rights Association for International Cooperation; Handicap International; Human Rights Research & Advocacy Consortium; Health Net International; Help the Afghan Children; Research & Advocacy Consortium; Health Net International; Help the Afghan Children; Hope World Wide; International Medical Corps; International Rescue Committee; Islamic Hope World Wide; International Medical Corps; International Rescue Committee; Islamic Relief -World Wide; Islamic Relief Agency; Just for Afghan Capacity & Knowledge; Relief -World Wide; Islamic Relief Agency; Just for Afghan Capacity & Knowledge; JHPIEGO; Japan International Friendship & Welfare Foundation; Japan International JHPIEGO; Japan International Friendship & Welfare Foundation; Japan International Volunteer Center; Leprosy Control Organization; Mission d’Aide au Development des Volunteer Center; Leprosy Control Organization; Mission d’Aide au Development des Economies Rurales en Afghanistan; Mercy Corps; MEDAIR; Medical Emergency Relief Economies Rurales en Afghanistan; Mercy Corps; MEDAIR; Medical Emergency Relief International; Medical Refresher Course for Afghan; Media Support Partnership International; Medical Refresher Course for Afghan; Media Support Partnership Afghanistan; Norwegian Afghanistan Committee; Norwegian Church Aid; Norwegian Refugee Afghanistan; Norwegian Afghanistan Committee; Norwegian Church Aid; Norwegian Refugee Council; Organization for Mine Clearance & Afghan Rehabilitation; Orphan Refugees & Council; Organization for Mine Clearance & Afghan Rehabilitation; Orphan Refugees & Aid; OXFAM-Novib (Afghanistan Program); OXFAM (Afghanistan Program), Partners in Aid; OXFAM-Novib (Afghanistan Program); OXFAM (Afghanistan Program), Partners in Revitalization & Building; Rural Rehabilitation Association for Afghanistan; Revitalization & Building; Rural Rehabilitation Association for Afghanistan; Solidarities Afghan Belgium; Swedish Committee for Afghanistan; Save the Children Solidarities Afghan Belgium; Swedish Committee for Afghanistan; Save the Children (Sweden) Norwey; Save the Children (UK); Save the Children (US); Sanayee Development (Sweden) Norwey; Save the Children (UK); Save the Children (US); Sanayee Development Organization; Serving Emergency Relief & Vocational Enterprise; Sandy Organization; Serving Emergency Relief & Vocational Enterprise; Sandy Gall’s Afghanistan Appeal; Solidarities; Skill Training and Rehabilitation Society; Gall’s Afghanistan Appeal; Solidarities; Skill Training and Rehabilitation Society; Shanti Volunteer Shanti Volunteer Association; The Asia Foundation; the Children of War; Terre des Association; The Asia Foundation; the Children of War; Terre des Hommes; Tear Fund; Training Hommes; Tear Fund; Training Human Rights Association; Trociare; Turquoise Mountain Human Rights Association; Trociare; Turquoise Mountain Foundation; United Methodist Committee on Foundation; United Methodist Committee on Relief; Welfare Association for Relief; Welfare Association for Development of Afghanistan; World Vision International; Women for Development of Afghanistan; World Vision International; Women for Women Women International; Zoa Refugee Care.International; Zoa Refugee Care.

ACBARACBAR


GuidelinesGuidelines

Guidelines for Relations Guidelines for Relations Between U.S. Armed Forces and Between U.S. Armed Forces and Non-Governmental Humanitarian Non-Governmental Humanitarian Organizations in Hostile or Organizations in Hostile or

Potentially Hostile Potentially Hostile EnvironmentsEnvironments

Guidelines on Guidelines on behavior for behavior for U.S. Armed U.S. Armed Forces and Forces and NGHOs.NGHOs.

11Recommendations Recommendations on forms of on forms of coordination.coordination.

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1.1. Procedures for NGHO/Military dialogue Procedures for NGHO/Military dialogue during contingency planning for DOD relief during contingency planning for DOD relief operations.operations.

2.2. Procedures for NGHOs and the military to Procedures for NGHOs and the military to access assessments of humanitarian needs. access assessments of humanitarian needs.

3.3. Procedures for NGHO liaison relationships Procedures for NGHO liaison relationships with combatant commands.with combatant commands.

4.4. Possible organizations that could serve as Possible organizations that could serve as a bridge between NGHOs and U.S. Armed a bridge between NGHOs and U.S. Armed Forces in the field.Forces in the field.

(Source: USIP Dec. 2006)(Source: USIP Dec. 2006)

GuidelinesGuidelines

Herding Lions, Cats and Kittens Capabilities of NGOs and IOs and Challenge of Coordination

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