Can we quote correctly?

Seminar 10/10/2008, KošiceIng. Eva Matušovičová

UL UPJŠ in Košice

TECHNIQUES OF QUOTING

TERMS

Quotationabridged naming of the quoted document in the text under any of the methods recommended in the STN ISO 690 standard, from which the idea has been taken over.

The item in the list of bibliographical references at the end of publication.

Quoting and lists of bibliographical references

The most important principles:

a reference must precisely identify the source, so that it is possible to retrieve it;

the order of data in the reference is

obligatory;

only one technique of quoting shall be

employed consistently in a single document.

TECHNIQUES OF QUOTING

1. Method of numerical referencing

Quotations are followed by a serial number of the description of the quoted document. The number is placed as the upepr index or in the brackets. If more quotations of the same document follow one consecutively, all of them share the the number of the first quotation.

If separate parts of the document are being quoted, page numbers may follow the serial numbers of quotations after a comma, preceded by the letter “p“ (page) idenifying a single page or “pp.“ identifying two and more pages.

References in the numbered list of bibliographical references shall be arranged according to their respective serial numbers corresponding to the first appearance of their quoting. Serial numbers are placed on the left and reference records are paragraphed. The list is situated at the end of the respective chapter or the whole body of the text.

TECHNIQUES OF QUOTING

1. Method of numerical referencing

ExampleTextThe notion of an invisible college has been explored in the sciences

(24). Its absence among historians is noted by Stieg (13, p. 556). It may be, as Burchard (8) points out ...

List of bibliographical references:8. BURCHARD, J,E. How Humanists Use a Library. In Intrex: report of a planning conference on information transfer experiments, Sept. 3, 1964. Cambridge, Mass: M.I.T. Press, 1965, p. 219....13. STIEG, M.F. The information Needs of Historians. In College and research Libraries, Nov. 1981, vol. 42, No. 6, pp. 549-560....24. CRANE, D. Invisible Colleges. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1972.

TECHNIQUES OF QUOTING

2. Method of current notes

Quotations are connected with the description of the quoted document by a serial number, wich is placed as the upper index or in the brackets. These numerals refer to the notes, in which references to quotations may be contained. If a document is quoted repeatedly, the subsequent quotations receive different numerals.

Records in the list of bibliographical references are arranged in the alphabetical order according to the first item (author´sname, the first word of the title). Serial numbers of quotations and notes are only given in the notes as page references. If a special list of bibliograhical references is made at the end of the chapter or the book, the records in the list are not numbered, the list is arranged alphabetically and the second and/or subsequent lines may be paragraphed.

TECHNIQUES OF QUOTING

2. Method of current notes

Example The notion of an invisible college has been explored in the sciences (32). Its absence among historians is noted by Stieg(33). It may be, as Burchard (34) points out ... Quotations in the notes 32. CRANE, D. Invisible Colleges.33. STIEG, M.F. The information Needs of Historians, p. 556.34. BURCHARD, J,E. How Humanists Use a Library, p. 219.

List of bibliographical references BURCHARD, J,E. How Humanists Use a Library. In Intrex: report of a planning conference on information transfer experiments, Sept. 3, 1964. Cambridge, Mass: M.I.T. Press, 1965, p. 219.CRANE, D. Invisible Colleges. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1972....STIEG, M.F. The Information Needs of Historians. In College and Research Libraries, Nov. 1981, vol. 42, No. 6, pp. 549-560.

TECHNIQUES OF QUOTING

3. Method of the first item and the date

In the text, the first item shall be given in the brackets (author´s surname or the first word of the title) and the year of publication of the document quoted. If the first item is already contained in the body of the text, only the year in the brackets will follow.

Alternatively, the numbers of the pages quoted shall be given in the brackets following the year. If two or several of the documents share the same item and the same year, these shall be distinguished by small letters, a,b,c, and the like, following the year inside the brackets. The same shall be done in the list of bibliographical references.

Individual items in the list of bibliographical references shall be given in the alphabetical order according to the first item, followed by the year of publication after a full stop. This is alternatively followed by small letters distinguishing the references containing identical first items and years of publication.

TECHNIQUES OF QUOTING

3. Method of the first item and the date

ExampleThe notion of an invisible college has been explored in the sciences(Crane, 1972). Its absence among historians is noted by Stieg (1981). It may be, as Burchard (1965) points out ...Stieg (1981, p. 556) has further noted ...

List of bibliographical references ...BURCHARD, J,E. 1965. How Humanists Use a Library. In Intrex: report of a planning conference on information transfer experiments, Sept. 3, 1965. Cambridge, Mass: M.I.T. Press, 1965, p. 219.CRANE, D. 1972. Invisible Colleges. Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1972....STIEG, M.F. 1981. The Information Needs of Historians. In College and Research Libraries, Nov. 1981, vol. 42, no. 6, p. 549-560.

TECHNIQUES OF QUOTING

The most important

principle is to realize

what we are quoting

STANDARDS

STN ISO 690 (1998) – traditional documents

STN ISO 6902 (2000) – electronic documents

Generally valid regulations: Primary responsibility. The main title: Subtitle [Type of

carrier]. Secondary responsibility. Issue. *Marking the volumes of serial publications. Data on the publisher. TIme identification of electronic documents. Edition. Notes. Availability and accessability of electronic documents. Standard No.

TRADITIONAL DOCUMENTS

Printed monographs

Primary responsibility. Title: subtitle. Secondary responsibility. Issue. Place of issue:

Name of publisher, year of publication. Number of pages. Edition. Notes. Standard No.

ExampleKOLLMANNOVÁ, Ludmila - BUBENIKOVÁ, Libuše - KOPECKÁ,

Alena. Angličtina pro samouky. 5th edition. Prague: Státní pedagogické nakladatelství, 1977. 525 pp. Učebnice pro samouky. ISBN 80-0425663-5.

STANDARDS

Parts of printed monographs

Primary responsibility. Title of the source document: subtitle. Issue. Part No.

Secondary responsibility. Place of issue:Name of the publisher, year of issue. Standard

No. Localisation in the source document.

ExamplePARKER, T.J., HASWELL, W.A. A Text-book of Zoology. 5th ed.

Vol. 1. revised by W.D. Lang. London: Macmillan, 1930. Section 12, Phylum Mollusca, pp. 663-782.

STANDARDS

Papers in printed monographs

Primary responsibility. Title of the paper.In Chief Responsibility for the Source

Document.Title of the source document: subtitle.Issue. Place of issue: Name of the publisher,year of issue. ISBN, localisation in the source

document.

ExampleSTEINEROVÁ, Jela. Základy filozofie človeka v knižničnej

a informačnej vede. In KIMLIČKA, Štefan et al. Knižničná a informačná veda na prahu informačnej spoločnosti. Bratislava: Stimul, 2000. ISBN 80-88982-29-4, pp. 9-56.

STANDARDS

Printed journals, volumes of papers, newspapers

Title: subtitle. Primary responsibility.Issue. Marking the book/volume. Place of

issue: Name of the publisher, year of issue.Edition. Notes. Standard No.

ExampleForum: Journal of Charles Unievrsity.Published by the Rector

´s Office of Charles University. 1995- , year. 1, No. 1- . Praha: T-Studio, 1995- . Bi-weekly. Also available in the electronic form at WWW. ISSN 1211-1724.

STANDARDS

Articles in printed journals

Primary responsibility. Title of the paper:subtitle. Secondary responsibility.In Title of the source document: subtitle.Issue. Standard No. , localisation in the source document.

Example DUBOVICKÝ, M. et al. Effect of neonatal anoxia onneurobehavioral development of rats. In Biologia. ISSN 0006-3088, 2000, vol. 55, No. 8, Suppl., pp. 27-32

STANDARDS

Mediating source

Reference to the original source. Source/According to reference to the mediating source

Example BANGEMANN, M. et al. Europe and the Global Information

Society: recomendations to the European Council: CD-84-94-290-EN. Bruxelles: European Union, 1994. Source: VLASÁK, R. Hospodářsky vyspělá část světa buduje informační společnost. In INFOCUS, 1995, year 1, No. 4, p. 112.

STANDARDS

Electronic documents

Electronic monographs, www sites, databases, programmes

Primary responsibility. Title: subtitle [Type of carrier]. Secondary responsibility. Issue/version. Place of issue: Name of the publisher, date of issue. Date of topicalisation /revision [Date of quoting]. Edition. Notes. Availability. ISBN.

Example

CARROLL, Lewis. Alice in Wonderland [online]. Texinfo ed. 2.1. [Dortmund (Germany)] : WindSpiel, Nov. 1994 [quoted 1996-02-10]. Available on the Internet: [http://www.germany.eu.net/books/carroll/alice/html]. Also available in  PostScript and ASCII versions on the Internet: [ftp://ftp.germany.eu.net/pub/books/carroll/].

STANDARDS

Príspevky v elektronických monografiách

Primary responsibility for the paper. Title of the paper. In Chief Responsibility for the Source Document. Title of

the source document [Type of carrier]. Issue/version. Place of publication: Name of the publisher, date of

publication. Date of topicalisation/revision [Date of quoting]. Physical description of the source document, localisation of the paper in the source document. Notes. Standard No.

Example

BAILEY, Joseph P.; MCKNIGHT, Lee W. Internet Economics: What Happens When Constituencies Collide. In Workshop on Internet economics, March 9-10, 1995 [online]. Cambridge (MA): Center for Technology, Policy and Industrial Development, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995 [quoted 2000-10-02]. Available from:

[http://rpcp.mit.edu/~bailey/inter_econ.html].

STANDARDS

Articles in electronic serials

Primary responsibility or the paper. Title of the paper. In Title of the source document [Type of carrier]. Date of topicalisation /revision [Date of quoting], Localisation of the paper in the source document. Notes. Availability. Standard No.

Example

HIRONS, Jean. PCC Policy Committee holds its first meeting at LC. In CONSERline: newsletter of the CONSER Program [online]. 1997, No. 11 [quoted 1997-01-31].Available from WWW:

[http://lcweb.loc.gov/acq/conser/consln11.html#pcc"].

STANDARDS

Part of electronic monographs, databases, computer files

Primary responsibility. Title [Type of carrier]. Issue/version. Place of issue: name of the publisher,

year of publication. Date of topicalisation /revision [Date of quoting]. Chapter, Localisation of the chapter in the source document. Notes. Availability.

Standard No.

Mediating source Reference to the original source. Source: reference to

the mediating source.

STANDARDS

BY WAY OF CONCLUSION ...

It is an offend to quote unused sources for the purpose of creating an impression how many titles the author has read.

The worst thing is plagiarism – copying parts from other sources without quoting them, pretending that somebody else´s ideas are the author´s.

Thank you for your

attention...

Eva.Matusovicova@upjs.sk