Boom Times

Chapter 23 Section 1

• A. Prosperity and Productivity– GNP rose 30 Billion– Wages increased– 1930 2/3 of Americans had electricity – Scientific Management• Increased business output

• B. The Growth of the Automobile– Henry Ford 1903—developed ford– 1908—Model T Ford, 250,000 by 1914– Assembly line– Lowered Prices• 1909=$850, 1924=$290• 1/5 of people had a car

– 1920—Auto industry is largest US business

• C. Changes in Work– Assembly line—increased productivity– Ford shortened the work day and increases pay• Decreased to 8 hours• Increased to $5 a day

– Required workers to meet certain standards

• D. Land of Automobiles– 400,000 miles of new roads• Auto-Touring

– Change lifestyles of Americans

• E. Creating Consumers– Head of GM created installment plan• 1926—75% on credit

– New items each year• Planned obsolescence

– Advertising in 1929 reached $3 Billion– A&P Grocery chain=3,000 stores in 1922• 1925=14,000 stores

Life in the 1920s

Chapter 23 Section 2

• A. Prohibition– 18th amendment• Volstead Act passed to enforce prohibition

– Bootlegging and speakeasies• Organized crime• Al Capone

– Eliot Ness—Untouchables– 21st amendment 1933

• B. Youth Culture– The New Woman—Flappers– College Life• More people started to go to college

– Leisure activities• Dance Marathons• Flag pole sitting• Beauty Contests

• C. Mass Entertainment– Radio KDKA—Pittsburg 1920• WWJ—Detroit• 1929—800 stations in US

– 1929—80 million went to movies each week• $0.05

– Sports• Baseball—Babe Ruth• Football

• D. Celebrities and Heroes– Jim Thorpe– Charles Lindberg– Amelia Earhart

• E. Religion in the 1920s– Revivalism• Fundamentalism

A Creative Era

Chapter 23 Section 2

• A. Music– Emergence of Jazz• Blues

– Bessie Smith– Louis Armstrong

– Jazz moves North• Oliver moves to Chicago

– Popularization of Jazz• Langston Hughes

• B. Harlem Renaissance– Theater• “To portray the black soul to win admiration of world”• Paul Robeson• Rose McClendon

– Literature (p. 706)• James Weldon Johnson

• C. The Lost Generation– Stories of Disillusionment • Hemmingway—Farewell to Arms• F. Scott Fitzgerald—The Great Gatsby

– Criticizing the Middle Class• Sinclair Lewis• Close-minded, empty, conforming

• D. The Visual Arts– Painting and Photography• Alfred Stieglitz

– Murals• Los Tres Grandes • Diego Rivera, Orozco, • David Siquerios

– Architecture• Frank Lloyd Wright• Empire State Building