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Black Jazz
The Superior School of Commerce “Nicolae Kretzulescu”
Teacher
Coordinator :
Prof. Cuatu Georgeta
Student :
Vladuta Denisa
12 F
Bucharest
- 2011 -
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Table of contents
• Introduction• The Jazz know-how• The Black Beginnings• Nowadays• The artists and their
world• Impact on society• Conclusions• Bibliography
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Introduction
• “Jazz is a mental attitude rather than a style. It uses a certain process of the mind expressed spontaneously through some musical instrument.” — Bill Evans
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The Jazz know-how• Jazz is a music genre that originated at the beginning of the20th century in African American communities in the SouthernUnited States.
• Jazz is often characterized as the product of egalitarian creativity, interaction and collaboration, placing equal value on the contributions of composer and performer.
• Jazz is composed primarily of four musical elements: melody, harmony, rhythm and tone colour.
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The Black Beginning
• By 1808 the Atlantic slave trade had brought almost half amillion Africans to the United States.
• The slaves largely came from West Africa and brought strongtribal musical traditions with them. • The African tradition made use of a single-line melody and call-and-response pattern.
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• 1890s–1910s New Orleans music
• 1920s and 1930s The Jazz Age
Swing European Jazz
• 1940s and 1950s Dixieland revival Bebop Cool Jazz Hard bob Modal Jazz Free Jazz
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Nowadays
• In 1987, the US House of Representatives and Senate passed a bill todefine jazz as a unique form of American music stating, among otherthings, "...that jazz is hereby designated as a rare and valuable nationalAmerican treasure to which we should devote our attention, support andresources to make certain it is preserved, understood and promulgated."
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1980s–2010s
• Traditionalist and Experimental divide• Smooth jazz • Acid jazz, nu jazzand jazz rap • Punk jazz and jazzcore
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The artists & their world
Louis
Armstrong
Duke Ellington
Charlie Parker
Miles Davis
Count Basie
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Ella
Fitzgerarld
Nina Simone
Coleman Sarah Hawkins Vaughan
Herbie Hancock
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Impact on society
• “Jazz does not belong to one race or culture, but is a gift that America has given the world.”
— Allan Jaffe
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Conclusions
• “Jazz is an intensified feeling of nonchalance.”
- unknown
• “Jazz is…an open-ended music designed for open minds.” - unknown
• “Jazz is…one of life’s greatest gifts : fun found within surprise.”
- unknown
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Bibliography Schmitt Karl Heinz — “Pieces of Jazz in Black and Colour” Fitzgerald F. Scott — “Tales of the jazz age” Dempsey J. Travis — “An autobiography of Black Jazz”
Jazz Foundations of America — — www.jazzfoundation.org
Online encyclopedia — — www.wikipedia.org/jazz
Movie — “ROUND MIDNIGHT” — 1986 — directed by Bertrand Tavernier