Biomolecules Carbon Compounds Macromolecules Organic Molecules Ch. 2-3 Page 46-49 in your book.
-
Upload
edwina-rice -
Category
Documents
-
view
221 -
download
0
Transcript of Biomolecules Carbon Compounds Macromolecules Organic Molecules Ch. 2-3 Page 46-49 in your book.
Macromolecules
• “Giant molecules” • Four types of organic macromolecules
-Carbohydrates-Lipids (fats)-Proteins-Nucleic acids
Monomers – small single unit that builds polymersPolymers- many of the small units built together
for a large molecule
Carbohydrates
• Made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio
• Functions:-Main source of energy
for living things-Structural purposes in plants
• Examples: simples sugars- glucose, complex carbs- starch
Lipids• Contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
(mostly hydrogen and carbon)• Functions:
-Store energy (more energy than carbs)-Cell membranes- Insulation (keep warm)
• Examples: fats, oils, waxes• Many are made of a
glycerol and a fatty acid(No monomer/polymer)
Proteins• Contain carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, and nitrogen• Made of a chain of amino
acids (monomer)• Functions:
-Control the rate of reactions (enzymes)-Regulate cell processes-Form bones and muscle-Transport substances in and out of cell-Help fight disease
Nucleic Acids
• Contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus
• Made of nucleotides• Functions:
-Store and pass on genetic information
• Examples: DNA, RNA