Date

Bentley Power Rail Track – SELECTseries 2

Richard W. Bradshaw - Development

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Geometry Enhancements Horizontal and vertical alignment enhancements for rail design

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• The .lck is no longer used, the “who” is persisted to the .alg – In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 2!

• Why? So that we can now manage the .alg within a ProjectWise environment without exporting to a folder

– Well you can still export to a folder, if you want

– But, if you set a variable then the software will always get and put to the ProjectWise server!

– In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3!

Geometry Projects & Multi-user Access

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• An important change in workflow

– In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3!

• When you open the file from ProjectWise, check on the read-only check box!

Opening a .alg from ProjectWise

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Additional Cubic Parabola Definitions

• Supported cubic parabolas

– Czech • Along tangent (Czech)

• Along arc (Italian)

– New South Wales

– Western Australia

– MX cubic • Along tangent

• Along arc

• In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3!

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Regression Workflow…

• Pre-regression data validation

• Point selection and sorting

– Survey data ordering is not required

• Curvature diagrams

– Indicates approximate locations of specific elements and their types

– Indicates questionable data

– Inclusion of cant enhances the field data!

• Edit / review

– Select / Regress, which is heads-up selection / auto element type determination!

• Reduces potential user errors & time

– Quick Regression

• Slew diagrams and reporting

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Quick Regression

• Quick horizontal regression

– A first pass – automatic regression • Includes lines, circular arcs and spirals

• Resolves long straights into multiple straights

• Quick vertical regression

– Similar to horizontal

– Includes a standard lift & a lines only option

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Single Element Regression Enhancement

• Single element regression with multiple alignments

– Single element regress 2 or more alignments at once

– Regressed elements will be parallel / concentric to each other

– Different offsets for each set of elements

• Enabled by right-clicking in Edit / Review Regression Points list-view

• Automatically occurs with Select & Regress option

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• Sometimes in light rail the transition spirals are replaced with – A series of compound curves with fixed length segments

– Matching up with bending machine capabilities

– We could use a standard set of elements in Multi-Element Regression Analysis, but it was too limiting!

– Added <Ctrl> Add Free Horizontal Curve

– In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3!

Light Rail & Compound Curves

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• In Horizontal Check Integrity and Vertical Check Integrity you can do <Ctrl> X and <Ctrl> V (i.e. cut and paste operations)

• In Vertical Check Integrity you can also sort by stationing by clicking in the Station header of the list-view

• In SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3!

Check Integrity Element Reordering

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• View Stationing

– Ticks vs cells

– EGIS Rail

• Curve Set Annotation in Cell

• Multiple Profile Annotation

• Network Rail Extensions

• ProRail Extensions

• Italian Extensions – All user specific, but some useful functionality

Annotation

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Profile Annotation of Multiple Alignments

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Cant / Superelevation Design Specialized geometry for track cant / superelevation

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Cant / Superelevation

• Standard international railway terminology – Equilibrium cant, applied cant,

cant deficiency, etc. • Imperial or metric units

• Calculations

– Standard equilibrium equations that can be found in well known literature

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Integrated into Horizontal Design

• Radius & spiral lengths based upon cant

– Cant & speed are persisted with the horizontal elements

– Suggests spiral lengths • Imperial & metric are slightly different

– Enables design optimization

– Mix transitions types

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Cant Alignment Editor

• Creation based upon

– Equilibrium equations

– Alternate speed

– User defined tables

– S-type transitions (i.e. cosine)

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Turnouts Specialized geometry that conforms to well defined bending rules

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Turnouts

• Single, doubles and slips

– Tangential

– Non-tangential turnouts

• Multiple bending methods to satisfy various industry standards!

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• Create Turnouts

• Create Connection

• Connection Editor

• Create Verticals

• Create Shunt Limit

• Display in Plan / Display in Profile

• Turnout Library

• Turnout Reports

Turnouts

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• Create turnouts either

– In Alignment • As defined on dialog

• Interactively

– In Space

• Create by .1, .0 or .2

– Honor point snap with an offset from snapped point

– Extend mainline by length (Interactive)

• Oriented to Left or Right

• Oriented as Leading or Trailing

Create Turnout

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• Simpler than Connection Editor

• Create a crossover

– As defined on dialog

– Interactively • Identify beginning turnout

• Identify ending alignment

• Ending turnout is the same style as the starting turnout

– The software determines the connecting geometry!

• Connection length / radius are primarily for UK users! – Length / radius are table lookups by user

• May not create collinear geometry at .3

Create Connection

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• Used to create / edit complex geometries involving turnouts! – Maintains rules

– Maintains relationships

– Recalls previous fixities

– Edit just about anything • Style

• Geometry

Connection Editor

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• Maintains mainline track plane through turnout

• Alternate Solver

– Creates best solution, especially when in adverse cant!

• Use View Rails to push the rails into a model for Roadway Designer

Create Vertical Through a Crossover

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• Simply creates a shunt point from the bend geometry

Create Shunt Limits

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• Plan View

• Profile View

Display Turnouts

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• XML / XSL

• Civil Report Browser

Turnout Reports

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• You need to understand the settings and you need to get this right!

• Create / edit standard turnouts

– Single

– Double

– Single / Double Slips

– Crossings

• Bending by Swiss or German rules

– Rf = ( Rm x Rb ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )

– Rf = ( Rm x Rb - T2 ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )

Turnout Library

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• Length along mainline

• Triangle length

• Ratio

• Branch geometry – It should be obvious that the

geometry is over-determined!

Turnout Library Fundamental Geometry

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• Optional

• Linear

– Rf = Rm

• Circular – Rf = ( Rm x Rb ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )

– Rf = ( Rm x Rb - T2 ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )

• Last Long Sleeper – Adds a point to a turnout

– Display and Reporting

Turnout Library Standard Sleeper Sets

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• Maintain length along inner rail

• Mainline length along outer rail

– Swiss rules only!

• Last element always unbent – German rules only!

• Verify

• Verify with partial definition

– Computes the unknowns

Turnout Library Miscellaneous Options

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• Maintains

– Length along mainline held • Can be applied to inner or outer rail

– Coordinate Positions • .1, .2, .0 and .3 held

– Tangential Directions • .1 tangential compromised

• .2 tangential held

• .3 tangential held

– Radii • Rf = ( Rm x Rb ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )

Swiss Bending Methodology

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• Maintains

– Length along mainline held, but it is interpreted as the sub-tangent length not the centerline length!

– Coordinate Positions • .1, .2, .0 and .3 held

– Tangential Directions • .1 tangential held

• .2 tangential held

• .3 tangential held

– Radii • Rf = ( Rm x Rb - T

2 ) / ( Rm +/- Rb )

– Introduces T2 into the equation

German Bending Methodology

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• Attend session X09 - Power Rail Track later!

How do you go from this to a turnout library?

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• Tuned to UK practice

– Creates line-strings only, no real geometry!

– Ultimately, this methodology will be replaced with Swiss or German rules and methods

Switch & Crossing Library

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• And how it will be build!

Let’s Remember What We Are Building…

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Design Checking Detailed design checking based upon simple built-in rules to specific / comprehensive railway rules

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Built in Design Checking

• Cant Alignment Editor includes basic parameters for design checking

• Visual checking with Display Turnouts

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More Comprehensive Design Checks

• Includes – CEN Standards

– Austrian Rail

– Danish Rail

– Dutch Rail

– German Rail

– Italian Rail

– Russian

– Transrapid (maglev)

• Written to match a railway’s requirements

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Light Rail Manufacturing Specialized functionality for the light rail systems

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Light Rail Design & Manufacturing

• Specialized functionality for light rail systems

• Switches and crossings are generally unique geometry

• Jointed rail

• Pre-bent rails

• Pre-drilled rails

• Distance keepers

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Rails

• Build with horizontal, vertical & cant – Also, remember <Ctrl> Add Free Horizontal

Curve in SELECTseries 2 Refresh 3 as an option to transition spirals

• Multiple rails per track

– Dual gauge systems

– 2D or 3D

• Apply rail profile / cross section

• Apply widening / bending corrections

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Key Points, Switches, Crossings & Joints

• Key points are special points at switches and crossings

• Joints

– Placed between key points

– Specific rules • Outside rail

• Minimum length

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Distance Keepers

• Maintain track gauge

• Placed between joints

– Specific rules • Outside rail

• Distance from start and end

• Distance between

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• Rails

• Joints, crossings & key-points

• Distance keepers

Light Rail Model

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The model is used for fabrication and…

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a week-end’s construction project!

• Last train late Friday, first train early Monday…

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Swept Envelope Analysis Functionality for the creation of vehicle swept envelopes

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Before Going Any Further, A Definition

• From the British Railways Track, Volume 9, Track Terminology book:

– Swept Path – The plan area occupied by a rail vehicle as it moves along a track. The width of the swept path at any point is the same as the width of the swept envelope at that point.

– Swept Envelope – The kinematic envelope enlarged to allow for the effects of vertical and horizontal curvature, including end throw and centre throw of vehicles and cant applied to the track.

– Kinematic Envelope – The cross-sectional profile if a rail vehicle enlarged to include the effects of dynamic sway and vertical movement caused by speed, track curvature and cant, track position tolerances, rail wear, rail head/wheel flange clearances, tilt, vehicle wear and suspension performance at the particular location under consideration. Abbreviated to

KE.

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Swept Envelope Analysis

• Functionality for the creation of swept path / swept envelopes – Results can be

• Horizontal projection only or

• Interactive or

• 3D mesh

– Up to 3 vehicles in tandem

– Uses horizontal, vertical and cant geometries • You can also load a .nwm (i.e. Overhead Line Network Model) file and use

the user defined paths for Swept Envelope Analysis! Use a copy of the .nwm!

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Vehicle Library

• Manages an XML based file of vehicles

– ..\Bentley\PowerRailTrack V8i (SELECTSeries 2)\.. \data\metric\swept envelope vehicles.xml

• A selective / interactive import from .dgn

– Bogie points

– Optional articulation points

– Front, middle & rear sections

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2D / 3D Results

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Roadway Designer for Track Utilizing Roadway Designer for modeling track and earthwork (and this will be very brief!)

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Earthwork Modeling & Templates

• Components

– Closed shapes that represent “man–made” materials

– Ballast

– Subballast

– Sleepers / ties

– Other materials

• End conditions

– Ditches

– Cut / fill slopes • Similar to roads!

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Earthwork Modeling & Roadway Designer

• Utilize alignment model

– Horizontal

– Vertical

– Cant

• Define model specifics

– Typical sections

– Point controls • Cant

• Shoulder widening

• Minimum ballast depth

• Etc.

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A 3D Model…

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Continuing to Enhance and Create Global Rail Solutions!

Questions?