Basics Music

8/3/2019 Basics Music

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Prepared By: Kuselan

CK School of Practical

Knowledge


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MUSIC THEORY

Music theory is the study of how music works. It examines the language and notation of music. It

seeks to identify patterns and structures in composers' techniques, across or within genres, styles, orhistorical periods. In a grand sense, music theory distills and analyzes the fundamental parameters or

elements of musicrhythm, harmony (harmonic function), melody, structure, form, texture, etc.Broadly, music theory may include any statement, belief, or conception of or about music.

Music rhythm

There are basically 3 categories of music rhythm symbols.1) The Notes

2) The Rests3) The Time Signatures

Notes

First we'll start with the notes. Each note is written a specific way to let you know how long to hold it.Think of it in terms of a drum beat. Each beat of the drum is a count. You need to hold certain notes

down for certain amounts of counts.

The music rhythm is the beat. It is the most important element in music. It drives the music forward. Itis the gasoline of music. Rhythms can be simple or complicated.

The Rests

The next of the music rhythm symbols are rests. Rests are the places where you don't play or hold a

note. They are places of silence.

Time SignaturesThe final music rhythm symbols are time signatures. The time signature helps us group the notes so

we don't get lost. It's the way we organize beats in music. It's like grouping eggs by the dozen or daysby the week. The top number tells us how many beats we can have in one measure. In 4/4 time we

have four beats in each measure.

Essential music vocabulary

Meter It's the way we group the beats. We group eggs by the dozen. We groupdays by the week. We also group beats into two's or three's. That's meter.

Rhythm The beat. The beat can be even or uneven, steady or unsteady.

Note Values Long and short sounds in music are represented by notes. White noteshave longer sounds than black notes.

Tempo This is the speed of the music.

Time Signature This is a number that appears at the beginning of the music. The top

number tells you how many beats are in each measure (bar) and the bottom number tells you what kind of a note gets one beat. The most

common times signatures are 4/4, 3/4, 2/4, and 6/8.


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> Accent Accent

^ Upstoke Upstroke

v Down stoke Down stoke


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Whole music notes

These notes are whole notes. Each note is four beats long.

Click the image to hear the note value.

Half music notesHere are half notes. Did you see the stems? These notes are twice as fast as whole notes.

Quarter music notes

These notes are black. They are quarter notes. Each quarter note gets one beat.

Eighth music notes

These are eighth notes. Notice how the stems are connected by a beam. These notes move twice asfast as quarter notes. Two notes are played for each beat of music.

Combining Note Values

In 4/4 time, different note values can be combined in each measure as long as they equal four beats.


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Music tempo

Tempo means speed. Musicians use Italian terms for different tempos. Here is a melody fragment.

Click the image to hear the tune:

MeterMeter is how we hear the groupings of beats in music. Music will be in an even meter (groupings of2's or 4's) or an odd meter (groupings of 3's).

Even Meters Are Groupings of 2 BeatsA march is played in a meter of 2, which makes itan even meter. That means you will hear the beatsof the march move in patterns of two's.

Odd Meters Are Groupings of 3 Beats

A waltz is played in a meter of three, which makes it

an odd meter. That means you will hear the beats ofthe waltz move in patterns of three's.

Time SignaturesThe time signature helps us group the notes so we don't get lost. It's the way we organize beats in

music. It's like grouping eggs by the dozen or days by the week. The top number tells us how manybeats we can have in one measure. In 4/4 time we have four beats in each measure.

Remember this: A beat is not the same thing as a note. Notes can have more or less than one beat. A

whole note in 4/4 time has four beats. A half note in 4/4 time has two beats. An eighth note in 4/4 timehas just 1/2 beat. It takes two eighth notes to make one beat in 4/4 time.

Time signatures and meter: The time signature will tell you the music's meter

4/4 Time (Common Time)

It's 4/4. That means that there are four beats in each measure and the quarter note getsone beat. This time signature is also called Common Time because it is the most

popular time signature in music.It's in 4/4 time. Each measure equals four beats. It is in an even meter.


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3/4 Time (Waltz Time)

A 3/4 time signature would only have three beats per measure. 3/4 is also called waltztime. Dotes make the notes longer. This song is in an odd meter because there are three

beats per measure.

2/4 Time

A 2/4 time signature has just two beats per measure. It is called a tie.

6/8 Time

A 6/8 time signature has six beats per measure. The bottom number is 8. This tellsyou that the eighth note gets one beat. This song goes fast, making it sound like 2/4rather than 6/8 time. This time signature can sound like an even or odd meter because

you can divide 6 by 2 or 3.


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List of Exercise

Ex-1

Ex-2

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Basics Music

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