Avoid Moving Pests by Jeffrey A. Davidson, USDA

United States Department of AgricultureAnimal and Plant Health Inspection Service

Plant Protection and Quarantine

Gypsy Moth – The Insect,

The Regulation, and You.

Presented by:Jeffrey A. Davidson

Plant Health Safeguarding SpecialistPeoria, Illinois

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What is APHIS?

• The Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service is a multi-faceted Agency with a broad mission area that includes protecting and promoting U.S. agricultural health, regulating genetically engineered organisms, administering the Animal Welfare Act and carrying out wildlife damage management activities



Agencies in APHIS:

• Animal Care • Biotechnology Regulatory Services • Civil Rights Enforcement and Compliance • International Services • Legislative and Public Affairs • Marketing and Regulatory Programs Business Services • Plant Protection and Quarantine • Policy and Program Development • Veterinary Services • Wildlife Services



What is PPQ?

• PPQ safeguards agriculture and natural resources from the risks associated with the entry, establishment, or spread of animal and plant pests and noxious weeds to ensure an abundant, high-quality, and varied food supply.



Question – Why am I here talking with you?

• Provide information.– Gypsy Moth insect.– Gypsy Moth regulation.

• Explain how you can help.• List benefits in working together.• Provide briefs on other various issues

at hand.



Étienne Léopold Trouvelot,

1827 - 1895



Brief History

Bedford, Massachusetts

1869 egg masses brought from Europe to cross breed with native silkworms

Escaped from his control

Slowly expanding west

Suppress but not eradicate, early methods not successful.



• 1892 attempt to control gypsy moth by hand picking egg

masses.



Spread in the United States

Spread in the United States



So…What is the big deal with Gypsy Moth and why should I be concerned?



Larva Feeding on Leaf



Up to 13 million acres of forest are defoliated each year!!



Defoliation due to Gypsy Moth can be extensive and costly.

http://www.fs.fed.us/ne/morgantown/4557/slides/img0013.pcd



Preferred Gypsy Moth Host Trees:Oaks, Apple, Sweetgum, Basswood, Gray and White

Birch, Poplar, Willow, Hawthorn, Cherry



Gypsy Moth Life Cycles



Egg mass

Caterpillar(Larva)

Pupae

Adults

Life Cycle



USDA FS

Present August – April

Each egg mass contains 500 – 1000 eggs

Egg Masses

Larva hatch in early May from egg masses laid the previous summer.



Females depositing egg masses



Reasons To Be Concerned About GM

*Negative impact on health of people,

plants, and the environment

*Spread easily (naturally and artificially)

*Populations increase quickly

*Caterpillars feed on over 500 types of plants



GM egg mass on outdoor toy

GM egg mass on boat trailer

Approximately ~260,000 household moves yearly from quarantine area to non-infested areas.

http://www.forestryimages.org/images/768x512/2652035.jpg

http://www.forestryimages.org/images/768x512/2652037.jpg



WDA

WDA

Purdue University

Female gypsy moths hide their eggs anywhere...

Vince Burkle, IDNR



APHIS is responsible for preventing human-assisted spread of the Gypsy Moth



Gypsy Moth Quarantine

Federal Regulations prohibit the movement of certain articles from

those parts of the country regulated for gypsy moth to any

unregulated part of the U.S. 7CFR301.45



Regulated articles include:

• Christmas trees

• Nursery stock of all types

• Logs

• Bark mulch

• Outdoor household articles

(OHA)



Examples of OHA that may carry GM egg masses

• Picnic tables and other yard furniture

• Basketball backboards

• Window air conditioners

• Outdoor thermometers

• Bricks and landscaping materials

• Trash cans

• Weather vanes

• Outdoor toys and swing sets

• Ladders



How to homeowners or movers become compliant with the Gypsy Moth Quarantine?

• Inspection of Outdoor Household Articles followed with issuance of an inspection certificate once items are found completely free of Gypsy Moth life stages by – – PPQ inspectors

– Various state department of agriculture inspectors

– Person operating under a compliance agreement

or,

• Inspection by the owner of the Outdoor Household Articles and completion of a “OHA Document” once found completely free of Gypsy Moth life stages.



• “Don’t Move Gypsy Moth” brochure provides information, illustrations, and self certification procedure for homeowners moving out of quarantine area.



What happens with a completed inspection certificate/form?

• It must be securely attached to the consignee’s copy of the shipping documents.

• It shall be furnished by the carrier to the consignee at the destination of the shipment.

• THAT’S IT IN A NUTSHELL!!



So how can you help prevent the spread of Gypsy Moth?

• Association/Industry Newsletters– PPQ can provide you with short and informative articles, if

requested.

– Cut and paste information from various websites.

• Providing printed materials to members and public.– PPQ can provide large quantities of booklets and

handouts.

• Forwarding website links to members and public.

• Providing your local PPQ contact information to those that have questions about quarantines., and



WEBSITES!!!

• Posting information on your website for all to use.



So how will this benefit your association?

• Protecting America’s Natural Resources

• Showing your “Green” side

• Providing information to help reduce issues of non-compliance for members



Additional Pests of Concern -

• Emerald Ash Borer

• Asian Longhorn Beetle

• Japanese Beetles

• Soil – Nematodes

• And many more.

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Cooperation = Reached Goals

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Thank youfor your time.

Any Questions???

Avoid Moving Pests by Jeffrey A. Davidson, USDA

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