AV Terms&Vocab

8/8/2019 AV Terms&Vocab

1/26

A/V Terms & VocabularyA/V Terms & Vocabulary


2/26

A/VA/V Abbreviation of Audio / Video Abbreviation of Audio / Video


3/26

PixelsP

ixels The smallest "dot" on a Monitor or Image.

The PIXEL count is a measure of the

screens' maximum resolution.

The smallest "dot" on a Monitor or Image.

The PIXEL count is a measure of the

screens' maximum resolution.

67500 pixels690 pixels


4/26

Aspect RatiosAspect Ratios 4:3

16:9

4:3

16:9


5/26

Compression

Compression

Video compression refers to reducing the

quantity of data used to represent video

images and is a straight forward

combination of image compression and

motion compensation.

Video compression refers to reducing the

quantity of data used to represent video

images and is a straight forward

combination of image compression and

motion compensation.


6/26

Chroma Key or Key(ing)

Chroma Key or Key(ing)

A process which allows superimposition or replacement of

one video picture in a predetermined area of another one.

The first picture is photographed with an object or person

against a special, single-color background. The completecolor content of this particular signal is removed and the

second picture is inserted in the area where the background

was.

A process which allows superimposition or replacement of

one video picture in a predetermined area of another one.

The first picture is photographed with an object or person

against a special, single-color background. The completecolor content of this particular signal is removed and the

second picture is inserted in the area where the background

was.


7/26

Cross Fade / Dissolve

Cross Fade / Dissolve

A term used in video and audio editing* to describe a

procedure whereby one signal is gradually faded out while

a second signal is faded in until it fully replaces the firstsignal.

A term used in video and audio editing* to describe a

procedure whereby one signal is gradually faded out while

a second signal is faded in until it fully replaces the firstsignal.


8/26

Digitizing /C

apturingDigitizing /C

apturing The act of transferring media from an

analog system such as magnetic tape to a

digital format on a computer. Modern DV

camera's record a digital signal onto a

magnetic tape but the term of transfering

that media to a computer is still calleddigitizing.

The act of transferring media from an

analog system such as magnetic tape to a

digital format on a computer. Modern DV

camera's record a digital signal onto a

magnetic tape but the term of transfering

that media to a computer is still calleddigitizing.


9/26

FirewireFirewire A Standardized cable used to connect video

equipment to computer equipment. It allows

for high-speed transfers and device control.

A Standardized cable used to connect video

equipment to computer equipment. It allows

for high-speed transfers and device control.


10/26

TimecodeTimecode A time code is a sequence of numeric codes

generated at regular intervals by a timing

system. Time codes are used extensively for

synchronization, and for logging material in

recorded media.

Hours:Minutes:Seconds:Frames

00:01:58:11

A time code is a sequence of numeric codes

generated at regular intervals by a timing

system. Time codes are used extensively for

synchronization, and for logging material in

recorded media.

Hours:Minutes:Seconds:Frames

00:01:58:11


11/26

Video File FormatsVideo File Formats AVI - Audio Video Interleaved. A computer graphics

animation format used in MicrosoftVideo for Windows.

MOV - Format used by Apple QuickTime

WMV - Format Currently Used by Microsoft

FLV - File format used for Flash Video

AVI - Audio Video Interleaved. A computer graphics

animation format used in MicrosoftVideo for Windows.

MOV - Format used by Apple QuickTime

WMV - Format Currently Used by Microsoft

FLV - File format used for Flash Video


12/26

White BalanceWhite Balance An electronic process used in video cameras to retain true

colors. White balancing is performed prior to recording a

specific scene. The camera is pointed at a white object (awall, for example) and controls on the camera are adjusted

until a hairline in the viewfinder is brought to a particular

point. This ensures that the tints in the videotape will be

natural.

An electronic process used in video cameras to retain true

colors. White balancing is performed prior to recording a

specific scene. The camera is pointed at a white object (awall, for example) and controls on the camera are adjusted

until a hairline in the viewfinder is brought to a particular

point. This ensures that the tints in the videotape will be

natural.


13/26

High Definition vs. Standard DefinitionHigh Definition vs. Standard Definition


14/26

Pixel

Count

Pixel

Count

HD

1080 - 19201080 - 2,073,600 Pixels

720 - 1280720 - 921,600 Pixels

SD 480 - 720/640480 - 460,800 Pixels

HD

1080 - 19201080 - 2,073,600 Pixels

720 - 1280720 - 921,600 Pixels

SD 480 - 720/640480 - 460,800 Pixels


15/26

Frame SizeFrame Size High Definition & Standard Definition at

20% normal size

High Definition & Standard Definition at

20% normal size


16/26

Recording FormatsRecording Formats SD - NTSC, PAL

HD - HDCAM, HDCAM-SR, DVCPRO-

HD, D5-HD, XDCAM-HD, HDV and

AVCHD

SD - NTSC, PAL

HD - HDCAM, HDCAM-SR, DVCPRO-

HD, D5-HD, XDCAM-HD, HDV and

AVCHD


17/26

HDVHDV HDV is a recording format that compresses

the video before it is recorded, this

extensive compression can cause motion

problems in the final Video called

Compression Artifacts.

This generally only happens when shootingfast movement.

HDV is a recording format that compresses

the video before it is recorded, this

extensive compression can cause motion

problems in the final Video called

Compression Artifacts.

This generally only happens when shootingfast movement.


18/26

Compression Arifacts

Compression Arifacts


19/26

Basic & 3 point LightingBasic & 3 point Lighting


20/26

SubjectiveSubjective There is no right & wrong to lighting, there

is only what you can see and what you

cant.

There is one technique widly used called 3

Point Lighting

There is no right & wrong to lighting, there

is only what you can see and what you

cant.

There is one technique widly used called 3

Point Lighting


21/26

Key LightKey Light The Key Light is the primary light in this setup and is

usually the largest brightest light. This light will give most

of the detail to our image but as you can see some of the

details on the left side of the face are indistinguishable.

The Key Light is the primary light in this setup and is

usually the largest brightest light. This light will give most

of the detail to our image but as you can see some of the

details on the left side of the face are indistinguishable.


22/26

Fill LightFill Light The Fill Light is just as its name implies, it fills in the

details left out by the key light. This light also defines the

contrast to our image, a dimmer fill light will add contrast

to the picture.

The Fill Light is just as its name implies, it fills in the

details left out by the key light. This light also defines the

contrast to our image, a dimmer fill light will add contrast

to the picture.


23/26

Key + FillKey + Fill Here is the Key + Fill Lights this is almost what our final

image should look like, however as you can see the left

side of her face seems to almost disappear into the dark.

This is where we add a Back Light or Rimmer.

Here is the Key + Fill Lights this is almost what our final

image should look like, however as you can see the left

side of her face seems to almost disappear into the dark.

This is where we add a Back Light or Rimmer.


24/26

Back LightBack Light This is the Back Light alone. As you can see this light just

gives the subject an edge so as to be distinguishable from

the background. This light is also important when using the

Green Screen to get a clean edge when keying. This light is

usually as intense or almost as intense as the Key Light.

This is the Back Light alone. As you can see this light just

gives the subject an edge so as to be distinguishable from

the background. This light is also important when using the

Green Screen to get a clean edge when keying. This light is

usually as intense or almost as intense as the Key Light.


25/26

Final ImageFinal Image Here is the Final Image, this now has our

Key, Fill, and Back Light.

Here is the Final Image, this now has our

Key, Fill, and Back Light.


26/26

AV Terms&Vocab

Documents

Transcript of AV Terms&Vocab