Artificial Intelligence and Social Development
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) has evolved over time and is now being applied commercially. Certain techniques has scaled to work across large-data sets - esp. over the World-Wide Web. More recently, some technologies are being applied to social development. This slide explores a few applications of AI to social development.
Transcript of Artificial Intelligence and Social Development
Why AI?"AI can have two purposes:
1. One is to use the power of computers to augment human thinking, just as we use motors to augment human or horse power. Robotics and expert systems are major branches of that.
2. The other is to use computers to understand how humans think, in a humanoid way….you're using AI to understand the human mind (cognitive science)."
- Herb Simon
Interesting problems…quite challenging Knowledge Representation Deduction, reasoning, problem
solving Planning Learning Natural Language Processing Motion & manipulation Perception Social Intelligence General Intelligence
Many of them – “AI Complete”
Source: Wikipedia
Many Approaches & Tools Approaches
Cybernetics Symbolic Statistical
Tools Search & optimization Logic Probabilistic methods Statistical methods Neural Networks Control Theory
Source: Wikipedia
…But, exponential growth!
There’s good news….
AI has worked at scale: WWW Tons of data available
Machine Learning Supervised learning – Search
relevance ranking
Unsupervised Learning – Entity extraction
Wealth of human knowledge Expert systems Taxonomy / Ontologies
Semantic web
What problems should we really be solving? Poverty Unemployment Health Education Livelihood …too numerous to list!
Significant Constraints Geographic distance Lack of resources Lack of awareness /
skills …
½ the world < $2.50/day [ref]
~10% of India jobless [ref]
mortality, <5 years –67 per 1000 [ref]
30%-40% of IndiaIlliterate [ref]
How can AI help? Drawing inferences - with noisy/incomplete data
Forecasting – based on sparse data
Optimization – e.g. optimal recommendation of goods and services
Insights on poor – mining & visualizing field data
Cognition – understanding relationships, behavior or usage
Abuse detection – Disease surveillance, detecting abuse
Improve Usability
Perception – speech, object and handwriting recognition
Language understanding & translation – across multiple native languages
…and many more!
txteagle – Livelihood for many Mobile “crowdsourcing”
Translation, transcription, surveys, sentiment analysis…
Currently in Kenya and Rwanda
Key challenge Noisy user responses
Technology Inferring correct answers based on majority
voiting Bayesian inference
Task and user evaluation Expectation Maximization (EM) with noisy
responses
Source: http://www.txteagle.com
OpenClinical.org – AI systems in clinical practice GoPubMed – http://www.gopubmed.com
Ontology-based medical literature search, >15M abstracts
GeneOntology (>19K terms) + Term extraction
“Which enzymes are inhibited by levamisole?”
Anitbiotic Assistant – http://theradoc.com
Recommends optimal treatments, uses real-time patient data with medical knowledge
Expert system (rule-based)
…and many more!
Source: http://openclinical.org
SamaanGuru – Access to essential goods Supply-chain management on mobile
Optimizing stock-levels in village stores
Currently in India
Key Challenge
Accurate forecasting / optimization with sparse data
Technology
Data quality assessment, reputation modeling
Novel optimization algorithms
Source: http://www.samaanguru.org
MIT: Reality Mining Mining data on human social behavior
Data collected through mobile phones
Communication, Proximity, Activity
Machine learning - build generative models to predict user behavior
Entropy of Life Quantify predictable structure in an individual’s life
Source: http://reality.media.mit.edu
What does the future hold?More social problems of increasing complexity…
But, also…
Increasing amounts of data through mobile phones
Cutting-edge technologies working at scale
Social entrepreneurs solving problems with sustainable models
Stronger Public, Private and Community partnerships
Let’s create a good future…
Let’s create a good future….
Thank [email protected]
http://techseva.org
Some interesting resoures…
AI for Development – http://ai-d.org
Engineering social systems - http://ess.santafe.edu/
Reality Mining - http://reality.media.mit.edu/
Mobile Active – http://mobileactive.org
OpenClinical – http://openclinical.org
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