Are You Ready For Some Math! · hours per day, everyday for one year. How many kJ is this? 3600 sec...

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ENERGY MATH REVIEW Are You Ready For Some Math! Eciency = Energy Out Energy In Power = Energy Time Energy = Power x Time Energy Joules (J) kilocalories (kcal) Calories (Cal) British Thermal Units (Btus) Kilowatt -hour (kWh) therm Power Watt (W) Kilowatt (kW) Horsepower (hp) 1 Watt = 1 J/s Written as a decimal or percent! Showing Your Work! 860 kcal 1 kWh 600 kWh/yr x With Units!! The easiest way to show your work with units is to use dimensional analysis. A single-door, manual defrost refrigerator uses 600 kWh/year. How many kcal/year does it use if 1 kWh = 860 kcal? = 516, 000 kcal/yr Suppose your electric lights use 400 W per hour, an average of 4 hours per day, everyday for one year. How many kJ is this? 3600 sec 1 hr 400 J/s x x 4 hrs 1 day x 365 day 1 year x 1 kJ 1000 J = 2.1 x 10 6 kJ Scientific Notation Energy problems involve big numbers. To make the math more manageable, it is helpful to write things as scientific notation. Rewrite a number as M x 10 n 1 < M < 10 n is any real number When the n is a negative, the number is small. When the n is a positive, the number is large. 300 000 000 m/s 3 x 10 8 m/s 0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 00167 kg 1.67 x 10 -27 kg

Transcript of Are You Ready For Some Math! · hours per day, everyday for one year. How many kJ is this? 3600 sec...

Page 1: Are You Ready For Some Math! · hours per day, everyday for one year. How many kJ is this? 3600 sec 1 hr 400 J/s x x 4 hrs 1 day x 365 day 1 year x 1 kJ 1000 J = 2.1 x 106 kJ Scientific

ENERGY MATH REVIEW

Are You Ready For Some Math!

Efficiency = Energy OutEnergy In

Power = EnergyTime

Energy = Power x Time

EnergyJoules (J)kilocalories (kcal)Calories (Cal)British Thermal Units (Btus)Kilowatt-hour (kWh)therm

PowerWatt (W)Kilowatt (kW)Horsepower (hp)

1 Watt = 1 J/s

Written as a decimal or percent!

Showing Your Work!

860 kcal1 kWh

600 kWh/yr x

With Units!!

The easiest way to show your work with units is to use dimensional analysis.

A single-door, manual defrost refrigerator uses 600 kWh/year. How many kcal/year does it use if 1 kWh = 860 kcal?

= 516, 000 kcal/yr

Suppose your electric lights use 400 W per hour, an average of 4 hours per day, everyday for one year. How many kJ is this?

3600 sec1 hr

400 J/s x x4 hrs1 day

x365 day1 year

x1 kJ

1000 J= 2.1 x 106 kJ

Scientific NotationEnergy problems involve big numbers.

To make the math more manageable, it is helpful to write things as scientific notation.

Rewrite a number as M x 10n

1 < M < 10n is any real number

When the n is a negative, the number is small.When the n is a positive, the number is large.

300 000 000 m/s 3 x 108 m/s

0.000 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 00167 kg1.67 x 10-27 kg

Page 2: Are You Ready For Some Math! · hours per day, everyday for one year. How many kJ is this? 3600 sec 1 hr 400 J/s x x 4 hrs 1 day x 365 day 1 year x 1 kJ 1000 J = 2.1 x 106 kJ Scientific

Scientific NotationWhen you add and subtract with scientific notation, you need the power of ten to be the same.

Then you just add and subtract the M.

4.5 x 104 1.75 x 104+ = (4.5 + 1.75) x 104 = 6.25 x 104

2.4 x 106 5.2 x 107+ = 2.4 x 106 52 x 106+ = 54.4 x 106

= 5.44 x 107

6.2 x 104 3.1 x 103- = ?

5.89 x 104

Scientific NotationWhen you multiply and divide with scientific notation, you multiply or divide the Ms.

Then you add the exponents if you are multiplying.Then you subtract the exponents if you are dividing.

5.1 x 103 x 2 x 106 = 10.2 x 109 = 1.02 x 1010

= 3.5 x 1047 x 108

2 x 104

Sometimes we use prefixes to mean scientific notation.Kilo = x 103

Mega = x 106

Giga = x 109

It’s a Skill so Let’s Practice!