AP Biology Exam Review Molecules and Cells – 25%.
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Transcript of AP Biology Exam Review Molecules and Cells – 25%.
AP Biology Exam Review
Molecules and Cells – 25%
Cellular Energetics – 8% Coupled reactions Fermentation and cellular
respiration Photosynthesis
Equations Cellular respiration:C6H12O6 + 6O2 6H2O + 6CO2 + ATP
Photosynthesis6H2O + 6CO2 + sunlight C6H12O6 +
6O2
Cellular respiration overview
Phosphorylation Substrate level: ADP+P1 with
enzymatic assistance
Oxidative: oxygen as final acceptor, proton gradient generated with ETC, activating ATP synthase enzyme
Substrate level Glycolysis Krebs cycle
Glycolysis 2 ATP 2
Pyruvate 2 NADH
Acetyl CoA
Krebs cycle
ETC and ATP synthase
Chemiosmosis
Cell respiration review
Alcohol fermentation
Lactic acid fermentation
Respiration Aerobic vs.
anaerobic respiration
Anaerobic only in cytoplasm
Photosynthesis products
Photosynthesis overview
Light transmission
Photospectrum
Chlorophyll structure
Photosystem
Noncyclic phosphorylation
Chemiosmosis comparison
Photosynthetic chemiosmosis
Calvin Dark
reaction Light
independent reaction
Cyclic phosphorylation (photorespiration)
C4 pathway
Desert and tropical plants
CAM vs. C4 pathway
Cacti and succulents
Photosynthesis review