anatomy of oral cavity & pharynx
-
Upload
snich -
Category
Health & Medicine
-
view
488 -
download
7
Transcript of anatomy of oral cavity & pharynx
Triangles of neck
Lymph nodes level (neck)
Oral cavity
Pharynx
By: Ismah Haron
TRIANGLES OF NECK
Submandibular:
Facial vein
Cervical branch of facial
nerve
Submandibular salivary
gland
Facial artery
Lingual nerve &
submandibular ganglion
Lingual artery
Hypoglossal nerve
Submental: Submental lymph nodes
CAROTID
(Root)Veins – common facial v., retromandibular v.,
post. Auricular v., facial v., external jugular v. and
anterior jugular v.
(Within) Nerves – XII n., root of C1, C2, C3
Arteries – common carotid artery, external carotid
artery, thyroid artery, occipital artery, lingual, facial
and internal carotid arteries.
Floor – superior laryngeal nerve, internal and
external laryngeal n.
MUSCULAR/VISCERAL
Thyroid gland and its arteries
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Tracheal rings
Occipital:
Spinal accessory n. (XI)
Superficial cervical cutaneous branches of cervical
plexus (C2-C4)
Supraclavicular:
Brachial plexus (superior C5 C6, middle C7, lower trunk
C8)
Subclavian artery
External jugular vein
VERTEBRAL ARTERY TRIANGLE
Extending from the root of neck
Borders: scalenous anterior muscle, longus colli
muscle & superior aspect of subclavian a.
Contents: vertebral a., sympathetic trunk, common
carotid a., right recurrent laryngeal n. and phrenic
n.
LYMPH NODES LEVELSubmental & submandibular group
Upper jugular group
Middle jugular group
Lower jugular group
Posterior triangle group – include supraclavicular LN
Anterior compartment:
Submental LN
Upper jugular group
Posterior triangle group – include supraclavicular LN
Submandibular LN
Submandibular group: Metastases ca arising from oral cavity, ant. nasal cavity, soft tissues structure of midface and submandibular gland
Upper jugular group: Metastases ca arising from oral cavity, nasal cavity,
pharynx, larynx and parotid gland
Middle jugular group: Metastases ca arising from oral cavity, nasal cavity,
pharynx and larynx
Lower jugular group: Metastases ca arising from hypopharynx, cervical
esophagus and larynx
Post. Triangle group: Metastases ca arising from naso & oropharynx (VA)
and thyroid gland (VB)
Ant. Compartment group: Metastases ca arising from thyroid gland, glottic,
subglottic larynx, pyriform sinus and cervical esophagus
ORAL CAVITY
Oral tongue is divided into:› Tip› Lateral
borders› Dorsum› Undersurface
LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE
Medial portion lower lip (LL) submental. Lateral
portion LL submandibular nodes
Upper lip preauricular, infraparotid &
submandibular nodes
Buccal mucosa submental & submandibular
Upper & lower alveolar ridges submental,
submandibular, upper deep cervical, lateral
retropharyngeal nodes.
Hard palate upper deep cervical, lateral
retropharyngeal node, submandibular nodes
Floor of mouth submandibular node, upper deep
cervical nodes
Tongue submental, jugulo-omohyoid, deep
cervical nodes
PHARYNX
Conical fibromuscular tube
12 to 14 cm long, width is 3.5 cm (become 1.5 cm
at pharyngo-esophageal junction)
Extending from base of skull lower border of
cricoid cartilage
Become continuous with esophagus
Ciliated columnar in nasopharynx. Elsewhere; squamous
PHARYNGEAL WALL
2 layers (ext & internal); 3 muscles in each layer
Killian’s dehiscence
› Ext layer-inf constrictor muscle-2 parts (potential gap)
› Perforation during esophagoscopy & herniation of pharyngeal mucosa
= nasopharyngeal tonsil
Waldeyer’s Ring- Lymphoid tissue
Enlarged Eustachian tube occlusion
PHARYNGEAL SPACES
Potential space – abscess can form
Retropharyngeal space and;
Parapharyngeal space
1
2
3
DIVISION OF PHARYNX
THANK YOU
Infected cause persistent postnasal discharge
Craniopharyngioma may arise from it
Increase in size up to 6 years old then gradually atrophy
Sinus of morgani – space between base of skull and
upper free border of superior constrictor muscle
through it enters Eustachian tube, levator veli
palatini, tensor veli palatini, ascending palatine
artery & branch of facial artery
Lymphatic drainage of nasopharynx: upper deep
cervical node, spinal accessory chain
FUNCTION OF NASOPHARYNX
Conduit for air
Eustachian tube – ventilate middle ear, equalizes
air pressure
Cuff of nasopharynx from oropharynx (soft palate
& Passavant’s ridge)
Help in voice production
Drainage mucus from nasal & nasopharyngeal
glands
OROPHARYNX
Tonsillar fossa?
Posterior, anterior & lateral walls
FUNCTION OF OROPHARYNX
Conduit passage for air and food
Pharyngeal phase deglutition
Forms part of vocal tract
Appreciation in taste
Provide local defense and immunity
LARYNGOPHARYNX (HYPOPHARYNX)
Pyriform sinus – internal laryngeal n. runs near it,
pain is referred to the ear in ca of pyriform
sinus
Post cricoid region