An OBSM method for Real Time Embedded Systems
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An OBSM method for Real Time Embedded Systems
Veronica EyoSharvari Joshi
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What is OBSM?On Board Software MaintenanceSoftware
maintenance in software engineering is the modification of a software product after delivery to correct faults, to improve performance or other attributes, or to adapt the product to a modified environment
(Source: Wikipedia)
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Related WorkReduce the size of patchAssign more memory to each
module at compilation timeOnly that module is rebootedDisadvantage: difficult to predict
the memory size of future patches
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Related work continuedOn-Board Control ProceduresIs a stand alone programCapable of interacting with other
on-board subsystems, with similar capabilities
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Related work continuedProvide hardware redundancyNew version software runs with
old versionOld version guards upgradingUpgrades only if the new version
works as expected for some timeElse rollback to a checkpoint
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Component-based Dynamic ArchitectureIs a configuration language for
describing dynamic architectureSpecify the structure of
Distributive systemsSeparates the description of
structure from that of computation and interaction
Use connectors for communication
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Distributed object-based approachClient object can transparently
invoke a method on a server object
Requires CORBA architectureReliable group communicationFrequent checkpoint mechanism
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Need to replace redundancyHigh cost to have hardware or
software redundancyCommunication and
synchronization is time consuming
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FrameworkCompilerSoftware Development
Environment (SDE)Software Validation Facility (SVF)A generator for patch
telecommandsA mission database of "memory
images"
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Framework
SDE Patch Maker
OB Softwar
eSVF
Find Error
Modify Information
Verify
Upload Patch
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Types of ModificationsKernel ModificationUser Application ModificationParameter Modification
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Kernel ModificationOS may have bugsIf Preemptible Kernel:
◦PC register of each task may point to an instruction that will be modified
◦All the tasks must be stopped except the patch handle task
If Non-preemptible Kernel:◦Task that is not ready needs to be
restarted
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User Application ModificationMore common to modify user
applicationDifferent applications have
different tasksTo upgrade the task is killedBetter than the approach of
updating the whole and then rebooting the system.
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Parameter ModificationParameters refer to a global
variable or static variable or a data area in memory
Local variable is in a stack and cannot be modified
Variables and data can be modified by rewriting the memory
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Patch Information FetchingSDE informs OBSM to fetch patch
informationOBSM finds the files updated by
the user modificationComparison is carried out to find
out which files have been modified
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Task AnalysisDependencySoftware upgrading and function
upgradingParameter modification
necessitates that the task be restarted
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Task Analysis
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Caller GraphA caller graph is
createdUse breadth-first
traversal to find all the dependant tasks
A list of all the functions that depend on the given function and find tasks whose entry points are in these functions.
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Relocation and Re-relocationTo upgrade software we need a
memory table which is costly to maintain
Implement it in the host machineIf a new version function is larger
than the old one new function will be placed in a new location
Need re-relocation after the patch is uploaded
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Relocation and Re-relocation
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PatchingReceive the patchSuspend the affected taskUpdate the parameter value or
codeRestart the taskThe task priority, entry point,
base of stack and arguments are needed
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Resource ProtectionResource releaseNeed to protect the resource
when the task is killedRegister MechanismReboot delayed mechanism
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ResultsPentium-s, 100 MHz3 source files modification (20
functions)Conventional method: 2sec and
110µsecOverhead of OBSM is15µsec
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ConclusionDevelop a method to update the
software by writing the patch to memory directly
To reduce overhead classify the type of modification
Task dependency analysis and resource protection help in correct upgrading
This method has some overhead but will be useful for applications which require frequent upgrading
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Questions?