An Account of the External Maxillar, and Other Salivary Glands: Also of the Insertions of All the...

An Account of the External Maxillar, and Other Salivary Glands: Also of the Insertions of Allthe Lymphaticks (as Well above as below the Subclavians) into the Veins; Which Glands andInsertions Have Not Hitherto Been Mention'd, or Not Truly Described by Any Authors. ByRichard Hale, M. D. Reg. Soc. &Coll. Med. Lond. Soc.Author(s): Richard HaleSource: Philosophical Transactions (1683-1775), Vol. 31 (1720 - 1721), pp. 5-14Published by: The Royal SocietyStable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/103376 .

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IT. Sn Sccornt of t1ve exterttdl MAxillar, and other Satiaary Glands: Sllo of tJpe Inlertsons of all the lymtl7aticts ( as well abowe as below the S?sbcla_ ftans ) into tt7e getns; which Glands and Inlerti ons bave not hitherto been mention'd, or Not trNlJ delcribed by an) Agthors. !g3y Richard }talea M. D. Reg. Soc. t Coll. Med. Lond. Soc.

rtH E external Maxillar Glands in Brutes are of tile 1 Conglomerate kind. They lie externally} latea-

rally (lengthways) cn the lower Jaw, partly under the Depre,ffior Labior^6ns, and partly under the B{sinator. A firong Membrane interoenes between theGe Glands and the Jaw on one fide, and between them7 and the Buccal Glands on the other flde. Tlley are more or leSs rect ( like the PJnrreas) according to the quantity of Blood that remains in tllem, otllewiSe their Subitance is uwhite.

Thefe Glands receive Arteries from the external Cas roeids. lltins from the external Jugulars, and Nerves from the third Branch of the Par Quintxm.

The Number of excretory Dudts from theSe Glandss is not alwYays the fame, in tle fame fpecies of Animals. In Cows generally fourteen are ditcovered by the Probe Tbeir Orilfices are valvular, abolit four times leSs ehan tbesr DudEs. Every Dudr is about half an Inch from the next. Thote in the middle of tile Glands are large{t, beZ caufe the Glands are tl ere broadeft and tllicke. The Duds don't communicate witb one another, nor with the Buccal. Er7ery Duds is made of leSer Dudrs united, whicll rile from the Lobules ( thro' tile whol fubEcanse of the

B Glands )-



( 6 ) G-lands ) whicll conttitute eacll diIlitzEt Lobe and has tlle

famfi firud:ture as tlle i-ancreatick DlldEt. EacTl LoSe is depreSed on its fides, where it is joined to otller Lobes; alld between the tobes many Buccal (XIa112s arc inter-

fperSed. In Calves Seldom nzoe tlan fix ot fevea IDuds adfnit

any Frobe; wllen the t\nimal grosvs olderw sllc Dazw1s ap- ->sr nzere pJan and op>n.

s ] S&eep &x -excrecory Du 2s are a l ways fou nd its cach $XerIaa1 2>'3axiliarGlandS

ln Dogs atld Cats} +t. thefe DuS s are fesver, in proporZ +s{on to tlle (lmallnefs of t1ze Glandse 5iris obtersFable t11at t;$fX Duc&s in 9ogs open ot]ibllely towarGs tlQe l^ouCh

wneteby tlle 41iVX may be bct*- snixt wirll cha :ood in h5aSicatio-n w-hcl mighr bP {w>^llosed utlmixt fiom anotler firudure of 1E9uds, in tll*4e Anilnals tllat fwal lossr greedily.

Dr Khartoa * frflt mentions the external Maxillar Glands. What lle fays of t-hem, is applicable only to their appearance in Mens in which Subjedts they are of the Conglobate kind, ancl very fmall, unle(W in Scroptlu lous and Venereal CaGes. 'ris plain tllat he lad not fee rllem in Brlltes; for in llis Figalres ( Wl]lc7tl 'ere draJwn fronl Brures)- no notice is taken of thefe Glands. He defcribes tllen: as rery Smallg and calis rlzem Emundrorics of the Nerves, zvXlich was clze Notion ( in tliS tine ) conS cerning tle u{e of rhe ConglobatW Glands; and the Sa- liva was jaXaid fi X Netcofo Geaere profaadi.

. &tra 3uitly bSames Blaf! for aCcribing to t11e exter nal Nfaxsliars an Excretory Dud openint, into clle Mouth ]ke the common one Som tlse Parotid Gland. ller Stero 6o>herwlSe very accurate) docs not truIy defcribe tIcKe Glands) aOr diftinguiih thern from tlle Buccal, t!102 they

s.

* 4pt <>Ar t- at. Tt pvge I34* * ObJ. Srate p. I4r

ae



( 7 )

(l;> a.3* diRt1nd frotnl vlle Buccals as tlle Sut"inguals are fre?> he isztelnal Waxillars. Svteto divides llis Buccal into 3 [)arEn. TizelargJ Du<5s in a Lino riSe frotn tlle externat Xa. iX,irs; and lzow diRinEttllfie Glands are from thP Buccal appesls plaily i£z Fig. X ̂ ^11 Sae sataa's zd parc of the F>uccalF * i7stra q J*¢n t2 ir grdia p;?rt¢, are mark'd e ry i;) Fig. : q q alias, &we higzer are tle fanle e , amszng the PJpzt.r. Tize tllird Part gz. a J&JP6YiAre d{%rCZdUStW are a D c .v.

Theexternal Maxillars diSer Som tlae Buccal? in big- neSsfi figure. ftrueure, particu!arnunzl5er of DuAs, co- louX, :Fe. TL2e Buccal, Lalzial, interl3al Nlaxillar, and fubllngu$1 C;lands, are of a yclIew CE*olour; helides tbe Burcui are fcparatnd from tlle external Alaxillars by a firev.rg Membrane. Tndeed rnatay of tlze Excrerory Duds of the Buccal Glands open ntar tI:e l:)uds of tlle Maxil- lars ( fir03m wl1ence Steno con£founded theSe Glands ) but tlley do {o likewife rollnd his own DuEs from the Paro- tids; and lonze Puds frorn like Glands open neat the Sublinguals, as alo about M;cS's DuRs) in wlzlch places the Muccal lDu<4i5¢.s aKrn mo-tt ttumerollsi

1n ortS t1;ere Xs a sery ,Cut Sumber of Excretory Duds (iifpested all tser the .st4cituStaneX t1Zat xnveIls the Nfoutll, A.Bzces,&4a. xsl;ch riSe Dom Gands that 1ae under tllis internal N5embrane. TheSe t1an*ds are trere nunze rovxs tn teme Parts tlZan others} rld recei6Ce diSerent sNlames according to t]]e t art ,1;.noy b{ws0pg *twi0; ais L2bg23lw 13ucea1, Palatine, Sc t3ur the;e f,re t^i2.il tSattiu,,t\g

xvith one Excretory Dudrs ansl ttflio' they (twa^$te SaIiva like the large Conglomerare Clads PnJO iiis, Mavi= lars, Sc. yettbey dltEcr Rv^rc>m t\ac:8e i-nton05stot2\ tre 6nQ common Excretory Du5 @rs WltlCraN S:lC CS>;an2.,1 iaSX

illars dtier fronz all tl* :3t11Cr t'.h2}-8 9(' ittt ,.i*,;2-taltx t;8z

< z w,,,,F,f,*;Svtv 4- -s s s

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( 8 ) bymanywaysfromtheBuccal, befidestheirColour; in which particulars they are alfo diAinguilhed fro,n tlle in

ternal Maxillar and Sublingual Glands ; they diXer alfo from theSe as well as from the Parotids, in having a great sumber of common Excretory DuEs. This number c3f Excretory Dudrs was not obGerated by Steno, nor did he knoz7 that theSe DuEts in the fame Line7 were the Exere tory lDudrs of large Conglomerate Glands ( like the Pa;^ totids ) diRinA from the Buccal.

Bartholine * mentions the external Maxillar Glands, but does noe deScribe them. Nk + only -gives thenl a- Place in his Caralogue of Glands, but eakes no fartller Notice of them, tho' he w£ites a + Book chiefly about a; new Salival DuA rifing from a Gland, that xs found in no Animal beEdes a Dog.

Mr. Cvxper had never feen there external Maxilla£ Glands, as appears by a Letter of his ( now by me ) writ- tenabove TsZenty Years ago, in antwer to one I fent him upon the ISrR difcovery of tllefe Glands. Tlle externai

MAXIIIarS in Men (of alle Conglobate kind) are marked g, in the 6rS Figure of his /1v7atomia Reforta,

The DuNts of the external Maxsllar Glands are oppo-- fitC tO the Orifices of Steno's Duds ; from z%hich Glands and Dudrst as alfo from the Buccal, Labial, and Gingival Glands, the Saliva flows from all partS of the Moutl} without che Teeth. From Wharton's and tlle Sublingual Duds, fronl tlle TonfsTs, F48ces Fretam Stenotis, Gin gival, Lingual and Palatine Glandss the Saliva is deriv wed s from rlle upper ant lower, former- and hinder parts

0f the Mouth within the Teeeh, lVllat lzas been faid of thete Salivary Glands, +6. wili

be beA underRood by tlle following Figures, which were

* Rag. 542. 1t Adenol p. 5. n. II. sSialog+1t. 150 xyS

rAW8Wt



( 9 ) d-rawn for me in O#ober, I697. at trin- Call. Qxoao by Mr. B8rfberss and have been lately compar*<d Witi [lle Parts themfelves in Cows, Ca1YeS e Ibefe Figures are part of many more taken from Preparations at the fame eime, WhiCtl vrere figured in the fame Order as drawn. Tllis is the Realon that the Cuts are marked in this manner, and- i£ can't be of uSe tO alter thefe Marks and Numbere.

The lnfertions of all the Lymphatick VeISels into the Veins can be di(covered but in few Subjedsl and no Fi

gure has yer been given of them. TheSe Figures {hesr the CourGe of the L7mpbA both be-

low and above the Subclavians in Men, and A*xillars in Dogs. The Lmpha below ehe Reveptaxlxm Chyli is con- veyed from all the inFerrour Parts by a great number of fmall Lymphatick Vefl els, which uniting with otllers ob hqllely above the Valves) become bigger in proportion, tillat lengtb they conRitute two large Trunks near tlle Emulgenes, wllich are the Pe6/n¢lf or Beginnings of the Rereptac¢l?n Chyli. Tl}e Ltntha from the Parts above ehe Subclavians, is derived in like manner from lelier Lymo pllaricks to the common DudEs that are here delineatedX

I know &esqFet has given a Cut of the Thoracick Dudr in a Dog; which Dud is double from the RecepracleA and is inferted by foue Branches into each Axillar I believe witb * Bartholine, ( who l as borrowed this Figure from Pevgaet ) thae fuch an inferti0n is a L"0gs Natgrx, For tiho' tlle Thoracick DuEt may be- double, and is fometimes divided into two Pares near the Subclavians, yet general

ly ie is fingle, the Lympha from all parts on bot4 fides the Body being carried by proper Lymphzdudits into one common Thoraciclt DuEt, thatj conveys rhis Liquor, tO gether with ti Chyle from the Ladteals) into the left

si Bartht * 6I.6s 620.

SubclavianA



( 10 ) SuSelasisn Ves;ai lny otzes thrie, or nlote Brtriciest Fo tlzere is a) great a varicty in 11e num!S*r of tllcfc 13ran ciles, aS irl the places of their F jlSWrtson

Mr. rotapeY iuje9i.ed tile Theracick Dt22 in a FIu mane Subjeds, atd 11as given a lFigure of that Prnpara tion itl llis Book of Anatotzzy. But tbis Flgure is xnsperw fed:t, atld tlle Infertion of tlze Tlzeracxck Du57 {o ill dravrnS tlaat lit£1e call be learnt by ic Howevcr) no Anav romSiS Izas gis7en atly t-ut, tilat dentonfirares tf-se lnrCrti

ons of tle Lymphaticks frotn betiz Artns and botI1 Edes of tlle Elead, tt6 above tlle Subclavian Veins, which appear fo plain in tllefe FJgures tllat no I)efcription can make tllcm plainer.

Explvxatiox of the Fgargs.

Fi. X t. Demonflrates tlle PalEages or Vefiels, by wbxcl tlze thyle and lynfpha paX into the Teins of a lsog.

x^ xz Tholfe Lymphaticks that bring JLymA from tlle Thighs and lower Parts.

s3, t3 Rre lateral Lymphaticksari61ngfrom clleGroill,

Tefticles, and neighbouri:g Parts. I The Receptacle of the Chyle. X 5 An Tndenture in tlle Receptacle, tllro' u bic11 paSes

one Tendon of rlle Diaphragm. 6 Lyn}phaticks from a ncighbouring Gland, 1 7 Some Lymphaticks from the Diaptntagm. x 8 An Artsy tllat fierves the Loins, and rtxns tilrougl

a DiviGotl of tbe Receptacle. X g The Paaarexs Atellif. zo The ZafA IaAea tdi Ggneres. 2x The beginning of tile Das 7:hor;is. 2.2 Some Divarications of the I?Xsias

+ Bart:h, p. 620.

53 Thg



l

^3 The Con.tinuation of the Ds/X<, alad its prO{rer.

^ wrtlO Sortd Defreadens N B t8 54 by tileirPotZ fation f and £15e Tendon at ffi 5 3 n5Slcll pronaote the Afa cent of tlle ChylX and ly7sphr.

z 5 A colnzon lDlV3tiCatiOS of vile DuXt. z6 A lzytnplratxck from fonae n$igh50uring Gland. 27 R double Lynspllatick from the [ecotzdary Gland

qw in Dg 03¢ -S Tllat Dart of the D2#tws Thorvaicus where both its

Branches) and the Lymphaticks from the left flde of thc Hcad and left Fore*Leg n1cet.

z9 TllA Lymphaticks from tile left lide of tile Head and left Fore-Leg utsited; tlley lie on tlle inftde of the %. .

VCt.

3s A Lympllatick A7itll a Pin in it from a neighlsou ring Gland, perl:laps the thynfudf

3 I A Lymphatick from tile Neck, eas tt iS divided

and enters tlle Jugular by two diLlindt Branciles under

[llC3it?Cf/U43.

3w The Lympllatick from the rigilt fsde of tile Head

33 Tlle Lympilatick from tile rigilt Fore-lfl eg.

34 Tlle large SascultWs, ox Receptacle of the Lympha9 on vlle r1gIlt Hede, that receives all the pmphA on- tilat fideX and conYeys it ittto tllC Cugular.

3 S a lle (vt4 De0venders. 36 The VenJ tamwaria,- wlzicll is fometimes f1nglcO . 3 7 rhv V6rx tSbslavit

S Tlle lZena Vertebtalis. 39 T1ze Axillars.

4o The Juguiars.

4l The rightnternal tugular not injeEted.

42 A fnzall lecondary Lymphatick Gland o-n the back

part of f he top of the thorax. 43 The Wasu;l¢, that recei^7es all the Clly-le and Eym-

pha from the x^>hole Body (except 30; 3t, 3t, 33 34.)

and



( 1 2 ) aznd dsSchargesst into ehe Vein at leall we kasst of no- other Lymphaticks that any where elte enter the VeinsO

44 -A I>ymphatick9 (or Membrane, for 'twas not in3c

Eted ) tilac josns 29 to the largeR Branch of the DvCEss thsrisgs.

iEg. I3. t5 tlle upper part -of Fig. 1X. revers'd, the DuEt, as. being turned up, that the lnfertion) botil Sv- sxlis e*s may be becter diScovered.

This is to be explained by tlln preceding, and bas only from 4a to 44 more Figures than the upper parE of F;;g. I 2. Ilas; all whicli are already taken notice Or.

IV. B. In this Subjed the Chyle and Lympha are emtpw tied into the Jugulars, and not xtlto the Axil]ars s they are fometimes emptied partly into tlle Jugular, and parrly into the Axillar, or Subclavian. ln Men gencraSSy into tile Subclavian.

Eiig x4. RepreSents part of the Left Cheek of an Ox, feparated from tile lower Jaw bone, Witil tlle external MaxiJlar G1ands, itS Dudts, bc.

X, 2, 32 &{. tO I4. BriRles inSerted into the Duds of t11e external Maxillary Gland l I l. TlleCe Duds open foping into tslse Mouth, for the better mixture of the SAIit4 with the Food.

X 5 The Dud 3 injedted with Wax, to difoover its di vifion and b}gnefs, in refpeEt of tlle OrilSce.

t6 A Lobulus of the l !laxillar Gland Its excretory Dudr is filled wich Wax, and ends at IS.

X 7 The Dud X laid bare and open d, to Ihew itS large Cavity, eEv

A A, Part of tllC MuScles and Fat, &v. belonging tO the lower Jaw.

B B) Part of the internal Membrane tllat inveRs the ' MouthO

A b c i, Briflles in thofe Duds of tle Euccal Glandss X , that I could paXs any intoX

e c e, Thore



( 13 ) e e e, ThoWe OriSc&s of the Buccal Glandules, tbat NYere

too little to admit Bri(tles. k k k, Tlle P4pillx on cbe infide of tlle MoutllJ I Z If TIze Lobes vllat conlitate the external MaxilZ

lar Gland n; m m, Tl& C>riSces of the Labial Glandules p p that

were tOQ fmall for paMIng BriRles n n n, BuccaI Glandules interSperGed between the Lo

lDules of tlle Maxillar Gland n n n near r r r, Part of the Buccal Glandules, w?here

they appear t11ickeft, and are rais'd to ditcover the Dudrs r r rs running under tElen.

p p p, Tlle LabialGlandules like the Buccal Idre Cow per in Dg. 4. Iettets ehem H, H

r r r, The Dudrs mark'd 6, tO I4* as they appear unX der tlle Glandules n >w

M. 8. The fame Numbers and Letters exprefs the fame Tl1;ngs in tl1e following Figures,

Dg. 1 5. Exl1ibits part of the left Jaw bone and Gheek

of a Sbeep, wbere the BriLiles 2,e3, &a. {hew the conw

Rant number of excretory Dudrs from the external Maxb illary Gland xn tllefe Animals.

Fig. X (. She>?s part of the rtght Cheek of a large Dog,

taken from elle lower Jaw-bone. f, The C)riSce of Stenos Salival DuR. g The (:)rifice of Nsk's Du&, wllich rites as a Papill

oll the Membrane B B h, Nsks new Du&, not found in Men, Oxena or

Sbeep, but in Dogs, tlleir Orbit not lzeing entirely bony. i,, N.Xsk's Gland. o o o, The OriSces of fome exeretory Dudtss belotlgZ

ing to the external Maxillar Gland, tllat were too Atait for the admiS1on of BriRles.

c q q, Th:



( t4)

q q, The Tecth. In this Subjed they are the tfecth of

the upper Jaw; near t1]e Cecond ot wthicll tlle Orifice of Nrk's Dud appearsw

fiyg, 1 7. -Denionflrates tho back parc f next vlue CUtiq ) of the csterna} Maxlllar GJand of tl]d Eamc DogX GS3£iS befet with the l3uccal Glandu]es.

1 8. IExplains the external Maxiliar G!arxd ln he rxght Cheek of a Calf In thiS Subjed I could only probe two Duds, g3 &;* would not admit BriRles.

IIS. I)e Ge/Ze (:onRantinopoli graffidn-te. wd#ore n- pero V. Cl Emanuele Timcune M. 1:)^ Hoc Juiptnm ab SnHo7^e Clari*gznon qxi ConKantsno- poli per maltos aHnos Medicindn fecerat) ExcelZ lentiXims Xblegdro Britannico Roberco Suttonp Eq. Axrato traditxm7 ejaldem Eitis permi@acam Societate (tgiv commsetcatit R. Hale7 M. D

n ERem Conf antinopoli ex f;ypto communicatam tum t lXAcrits, tum qlloridianat obServatone con&ar. bliS

dum tamen in hac urbe fili feci-r, & quam^7is nunquam fere vereris Pe:is defint ltemInlanovus etiam fubinde fo- mes advehitur Ab llyernali incenfo frigore fatis bene fo- picur; emicant tamen hinc inde fointill:r aliquer hyeme &YCtC: z&ateincrementum fumit; au-tumnali temporc Summo flagrat incendio. Ven i Aquilonares {lati§ rempo ribus z(late flantes ( Erefilz fctl. hu)us ioci ) quamsss Si- gxdiufculi fnt, veneni tarnen peAilentsalis diJarationi h-aud obSillurxt zAuRrales Satis calidi, fi conEanter flnq se.Rivo tcmpore Pellem V}pprimunt. Quoad lymptons ta peRiS (;o?ff4ntiSopaXit2tva adamuffi1m reEponder peSi

Noviomage;z&

( t4)

q q, The Tecth. In this Subjed they are the tfecth of

the upper Jaw; near t1]e Cecond ot wthicll tlle Orifice of Nrk's Dud appearsw

fiyg, 1 7. -Denionflrates tho back parc f next vlue CUtiq ) of the csterna} Maxlllar GJand of tl]d Eamc DogX GS3£iS befet with the l3uccal Glandu]es.

1 8. IExplains the external Maxiliar G!arxd ln he rxght Cheek of a Calf In thiS Subjed I could only probe two Duds, g3 &;* would not admit BriRles.

IIS. I)e Ge/Ze (:onRantinopoli graffidn-te. wd#ore n- pero V. Cl Emanuele Timcune M. 1:)^ Hoc Juiptnm ab SnHo7^e Clari*gznon qxi ConKantsno- poli per maltos aHnos Medicindn fecerat) ExcelZ lentiXims Xblegdro Britannico Roberco Suttonp Eq. Axrato traditxm7 ejaldem Eitis permi@acam Societate (tgiv commsetcatit R. Hale7 M. D

n ERem Conf antinopoli ex f;ypto communicatam tum t lXAcrits, tum qlloridianat obServatone con&ar. bliS

dum tamen in hac urbe fili feci-r, & quam^7is nunquam fere vereris Pe:is defint ltemInlanovus etiam fubinde fo- mes advehitur Ab llyernali incenfo frigore fatis bene fo- picur; emicant tamen hinc inde fointill:r aliquer hyeme &YCtC: z&ateincrementum fumit; au-tumnali temporc Summo flagrat incendio. Ven i Aquilonares {lati§ rempo ribus z(late flantes ( Erefilz fctl. hu)us ioci ) quamsss Si- gxdiufculi fnt, veneni tarnen peAilentsalis diJarationi h-aud obSillurxt zAuRrales Satis calidi, fi conEanter flnq se.Rivo tcmpore Pellem V}pprimunt. Quoad lymptons ta peRiS (;o?ff4ntiSopaXit2tva adamuffi1m reEponder peSi

Noviomage;z&



An Account of the External Maxillar, and Other Salivary Glands: Also of the Insertions of All the...

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Transcript of An Account of the External Maxillar, and Other Salivary Glands: Also of the Insertions of All the...