Muscles Origins and Insertions
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Transcript of Muscles Origins and Insertions
Muscles Origins and Insertions
Muscles from pg. 44-45 in text
Muscle Name Function Describe movements
Origin Insertion
SternocleidomastoidBroad superficial muscle running up each side of the neck
Agonist Flexes and rotates the head
SternumClavicle
Mastoid process
Muscle Name Function Describe movements
Origin Insertion
SpleniusRuns posterior joins skull and spine
Agonist Flexes and rotates the head
Cervical & thoracic vertebrae
Temporal &occipital lobes
Neck Muscles
Thoracic Cage Muscles
Muscle Name Function Describe movements
Origin Insertion
LongissimusLateral to spinalis
Agonist Laterally Flexes and extends the spine
Cervical,Thoracic,Lumbar vertebrae
Mastoid process & cervical vertebrae
SpinalisMost medial attaches to vertebrae
Agonist Laterally Flexes and extends the spine
Cervical,Thoracic,Lumbar vertebrae
Mastoid process & cervical vertebrae
IlliocostalisMost lateral
Agonist Laterally Flexes and extends the spine
Saccrum,Lumbar vertebrae, Ribs
Cervical vertebrae&Ribs
Back Muscles
Thoracic Cage Muscles
Muscle Name Function Describe movements
Origin Insertion
DiaphragmAnatomical Divider
Agonist Decreases pressure in the thoracic cavity
Sternum,Ribs,Lumbar vertebrae
Central tendon
IntercostalsMuscles in between ribs
Agonist Elevates,Depresses ribs
Inferior aspect of all ribs
Superior aspect of all ribs
TransverseThoracisTriangle muscles under ab wall
Agonist Pulls abdominal wall invward
Sternum,Xiphoid process
Cartilidge of ribs 2-6
Thoracic Cage
Abdominal MusclesMuscle Name Function Describe
movementsOrigin Insertion
Rectus AbdominusWash board look
Agonist Flex trunk,Aids in some expirationChild birth
Symphysis pubis & pubic crest
Xiphoid ProcessInferior ribs
External Obliques Agonist Flex and rotate the vertebral column
Lower eight ribs
Iliac Crest,Pubis
Quadratus LumborumDeep muscle
Agonist Extend and laterally bends the vertebral column
Iliac Crest and Lumbar vertebra
12th Rib and upper lumbar vertebrae
Abdominals
Moving Upper LimbMuscle Name Function Describe
movementsOrigin Insertion
PectoralisMajorThick Muscles covering the chest
Prime Mover
Internal rotation, adduction and flexion of the arm
Clavicle,Sternum,Costal cartilage of first 6 ribs.
Intertubercular groove
Latissimus Dorsi“Lats”V shape
Prime Mover
Adductor, Extensor and internal rotator of the arm
Lower Thoracic and Lumber verts. Iliac Crest and sacrum
Humerus
Rotator CuffMuscle Name Function Describe
movementsOrigin Insertion
Supraspinatus Agonist Stabilize shoulder joint. Abducts shoulder
Above scapular spine(supraspinous fossa)
Greater Tubercle of Humerus
Infraspinatus Agonist Stabilize shoulder joint. Lateral rotation
Below scapular spine(infraspinous fossa)
Greater Tubercle of Humerus
Teres Minor Agonist Stabilize shoulder joint. Lateral rotation.
Lateral border of scapula
Greater Tubercle of Humerus
Subscapularis Stabilizer Rotates medially and stabilizes shoulder
Iliac Crest and Lumbar vertebra
Lesser Tubercle of Humerus
Scapular MusclesMuscle Name Function Describe
movementsOrigin Insertion
Trapezius Agonist Scapular elevation, adduction, retraction, upward rotation & extends neck
Occipital bone,Cervical & thoracic vertebrae
Spine of Scapula, acromion process &clavicle
RhomboidsMajor & Minor
Agonist Assist Traps in downward rotation of scapular &adduction of scapula
Maj. T2-T5Min. C1-T1
Medial border of the scapula
Levator Scapulae Agonist Elevates scapula Base of skull & upper cervical vertebrae
Upper medial border of scapula
Serratus anterior Stabilizer Upward rotation & abduction of the scapula
Ribs 1-8 Medial border of the scapula
Scapular Muscles cont.Muscle Name Function Describe
movementsOrigin Insertion
PectoralisMinor
Agonist Elevates ribs & Depresses Scapula
Ribs 3,4,5 Coracoid process
Muscles that move Humerus
Muscle Name Function Describe movements
Origin Insertion
DeltoidsThree headsAnterior, lateral, posterior
Agonist Laterally abducts arms,Medial and lateral rotation
From the clavicle to the acromion to scapular spine
Humerus(Deltoid tuberosity)
Coracobrachialis Agonist Flexor and arm adductor
Coracoid Process
Humerus
TeresMajor
Agonist Medial rotator and adductor
Lateral Border of the scapula
Humerus
Elbow Flexors & ExtensorsMuscle Name Function Describe
movementsOrigin Insertion
Bicep Brachii
Agonist Supinator and flexor of the arm
2 placesShort head on corracoidLong Head superior glenoid fossa
RadiusRadialTUberosity
Brachialis Agonist Pronator and arem flexor
Anterior surface of humerus
Coronoid process
Tricep Brachii Agonist Arm Extensor 1)Lateral head – posterior humerus2)Long Head – infragleniod fossa3)Medial head posterior humerus
Olecranon
Brachioradialis Agonist Elbow flexor, very powerful when arm is pronated
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Olecranon
Supination and Pronation of the Forearm
Muscle Name Function Describe movements
Origin Insertion
Pronator Quadratus
Agonist Pronates forearm
Anterior surface of distal ulna
Distal surface of radius
Pronator teres Agonist Pronates forearm
Medial epicondyle of the humerus and the coronoid porcess
Lateral mid shaft of radius
Supinator Agonist Supinates forearm
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Lateral aspect of radius
Extrinsic Hand MusclesMuscle Name Function Describe
movementsOrigin Insertion
Flexor – Pronator Group
Agonist Pronator and flexor of the wrist and digits
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Meta carpalsPhalanges
Extensor –SupinatorGroup
Agonist Supinator and flexor of wrist ad digits
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Meta CarpalsPhalanges
Pelvic Muscles
Muscle Name Function Describe movements
Origin Insertion
GluteusMaximus
Agonist Hip extension and external rotation
Illiac crest saccrum and coccyx
Greater trochanter
GluteusMedius
Agonist Abduction and internal rotation
Anterior surface of the illiac crest
Posterior surface of greater trochanter
Sartorius Agonist Hip FlexionOutward rotation
Medial surface of the tibia
Medial surface of the tibia
Gluteus Max, Med, Min
Hip Adductors
Muscle Name Function Describe movements
Origin Insertion
Illiopsoas Agonist Hip and trunk felxion
Ilium and lumbar vertebrae
Lesser Trochanter of the Femur
Adductor longus
Agonist Hip Adduction Pubis Femur
Adductor magnus
Agonist Hip adduction and extension
Pubis and ischium Femur
QuadricepsMuscle Name Function Describe
movementsOrigin Insertion
Rectus Femoris Agonist Knee Extension and Hip Flexion
Iliac crest PatellarTendon
Vastus Lateralis Agonist Knee Extension Femur PatellarTendon
Vastus intermedius
Agonist Knee Extension Femur PatellarTendon
Vastus Medialis Agonist Knee Extension Femur PatellarTendon
Quadriceps
HamstringsMuscle Name Function Describe
movementsOrigin Insertion
Bicep Femoris Agonist Flexes knee, Rotates knee externally, extends hip
Ischium Head of Fibula
Semimembranosus Agonist Flexes knee, Rotates knee internally, extends hip
Ischium Medial tibial condyle
Semitendinosus Agonist Flexes knee, Rotates knee internally
Ischium Medial tibial condyle
Hamstrings
Lower LegMuscle Name Function Describe
movementsOrigin Insertion
Tibialis Anterior Agonist Dorsi Flexes ankle and inverts foot
Anterior shaft of tibia Metatarsals
Gastrocnemius Agonist Plantar Flexes ankle and felxes knee
Medial and Lateral Condyles
Calcaneous
Soleus Agonist Plantar Flexes ankle Fibula Calcaneous
Lower Leg Muscles