Alkali Metals Squeaky pop!! Or Group 1 Metals Mr R. Tucker (PP02_2005) Li NaNa K RbRb CsCs Fr.
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Transcript of Alkali Metals Squeaky pop!! Or Group 1 Metals Mr R. Tucker (PP02_2005) Li NaNa K RbRb CsCs Fr.
Which Group?Which Group?Q ….Q ….Where are they in the Periodic Where are they in the Periodic
Table??Table?? A… Group 1
Mr R. Tucker (PP02_2005)
Are Alkali Metals Are Alkali Metals Hard ?Hard ?
LithiuLithiumm
SodiuSodiumm
PottasiumPottasium
•Alkali Metals are SOFT when cut, producing a shinny surface, which QUICKLY tarnishes in air.
Properties of Alkali Properties of Alkali MetalsMetalsAll alkali (group 1) metals react violently with water, forming
Hydrogen gas and Hydroxides (pH above 7):
ie., Lithium + Water Hydrogen + Lithium Hydroxide
Alkali metals are:
•Metals found in group 1 of the periodic table
•Soft when cut (compared to other metals)
•Metals with low melting points and densities
•Metals which tarnish in air (form white oxides with oxygen)
Question: Why are alkali metals stored under oil? A.. They react with water in
the air
Similar Reactions of Similar Reactions of alkali metals with wateralkali metals with waterMetal Changes ActivityLithium Floats, fizzes, releases
hydrogen, moves about, alkali formed
Third place
3rd
Sodium As before, but metal melts to a bead
Second place
2nd
Potassium As sodium, but hydrogen gas burns with a lilac flame,
can explode on water surface
First place
1stMr R. Tucker (PP02_2005)
Alkali MetalsAlkali Metals• In order of increasing atomic number the alkali metals are:
• Lithium•Sodium
•Potassium•Rubidium •Caesium•Francium
Increasing atomic number
Mr R. Tucker (PP02_2005)
Alkali Metals - increasing Alkali Metals - increasing reactivity reactivity downdown a metal a metal
groupsgroups• In order of increasing atomic number the alkali metals are:
• Lithium•Sodium
•Potassium•Rubidium •Caesium•Francium
Increasing atomic size
Mr R. Tucker (PP02_2005)
Outermost shell electrons are farther away from nucleus
More easily lost
Flame coloursFlame colours of of alkali metal alkali metal compoundscompoundsCompound Flame colour seen
Lithium compounds Red
Sodium compounds Bright yellow
Potassium compounds
Lilac
Mr R. Tucker (PP02_2005)
ReactivityReactivity • These elements
are highly reactive metals.
• The reactivity increases on descending / going down the Group from lithium to caesium.
Videos on youtubeVideos on youtube
Cutting Alkali metals and their reactions with in waterhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uixxJtJPVXk
Violent Reaction (Explosion) of Alkali Metals with Waterhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HvVUtpdK7xw
What if What if the the Most reactive metal element Most reactive metal element reacts reacts
with with the Most reactive non-metal elementthe Most reactive non-metal element in in the periodic table?the periodic table?
What if What if the the Most reactive metal element Most reactive metal element reacts reacts
with with the Most reactive non-metal elementthe Most reactive non-metal element in in the periodic table?the periodic table?
What is the Most reactive metal in the periodic table?It should be Francium, but Fr is radioactive and is extremely difficult to be used in laboratory experiment (half-life is 22 min). Instead Caesium is used here
What is the Most reactive non-metal in the periodic table?
Fluorine
What if What if the the Most reactive metal element Most reactive metal element reacts reacts
with with the Most reactive non-metal elementthe Most reactive non-metal element in in the periodic table?the periodic table?