Abaqus Keywords

How to define ABAQUS keywords in ANSA ANSA v13.x

AANNSASAversion 13.x

How To For ABAQUS

Guide to define Abaqus keywords in ANSA

2009-12-01

BETA CAE Systems S.A.


GENERAL REMARKS

1. How to determine parameters of keywords specified with names.

Generally in ANSA, the names of such parameters can be specified through the Name field of all cards that the names have meaning.

For instance, the name of NAME parameter of *AMPLITUDE keyword can be specified through the NAME field as shown in the figure at the left side.

Then, the result that is taken during output (in *.inp file):*AMPLITUDE, NAME=TIME_MAGNITUDE, DEFINITION=TABULAR, SMOOTH=.25, VALUE=RELATIVE, TIME=STEP TIME

.0, .0, 1, 1.

In order that the ID of the specified entity is needed to be written in the name, activate the Preserve Ids in Names flag of ABAQUS Output Parameters window during output. The general format of the name in such a case will be: NAME= (default prefix)(ID);(name).

The prefixes of the keywords that ANSA supports are listed in ANSA.defaults file:# ABAQUS names' prefix library# Leave lines in comments, for ANSA to assign default prefixes.## Abaqus.NamePrefix AMPLITUDE = A# Abaqus.NamePrefix BEAM_SECTION = P

BETA CAE Systems S.A. 1


# Abaqus.NamePrefix COHESIVE_SECTION = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR = M# Abaqus.NamePrefix CONNECTOR_DERIVED_COMPONENT = D# Abaqus.NamePrefix CONNECTOR_DERIVED_COMPONENT (MatDB) = D# Abaqus.NamePrefix CONNECTOR_SECTION = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix CONTACT_CLEARANCE = CL# Abaqus.NamePrefix CONTACT_PAIR = T# Abaqus.NamePrefix CONTINUUM_SHELL_SECTION = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix COUPLING = C# Abaqus.NamePrefix CUTTING_SURFACE = C# Abaqus.NamePrefix DASHPOT_PROP = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix FASTENER_PROPERTY = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix FILTER = F# Abaqus.NamePrefix FLUID BEHAVIOR = M# Abaqus.NamePrefix FLUID CAVITY = FC# Abaqus.NamePrefix FLUID EXCHANGE = FE# Abaqus.NamePrefix FLUID EXCHANGE ACTIVATION = # Abaqus.NamePrefix FLUID EXCHANGE PROPERTY = FEP# Abaqus.NamePrefix FLUID INFLATOR = FI# Abaqus.NamePrefix FLUID INFLATOR PROPERTY = FEP# Abaqus.NamePrefix GAP_PROP = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix GASKET BEHAVIOR = M# Abaqus.NamePrefix GASKET_SECTION = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix INTERACTION_OUTPUT = I# Abaqus.NamePrefix JOINT_PROP = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix LOAD CASE = # Abaqus.NamePrefix MATERIAL = M# Abaqus.NamePrefix ORIENTATION_C = O# Abaqus.NamePrefix ORIENTATION_NODES_C = O# Abaqus.NamePrefix ORIENTATION_NODES_DYN = O# Abaqus.NamePrefix ORIENTATION_NODES_R = O# Abaqus.NamePrefix ORIENTATION_NODES_S = O# Abaqus.NamePrefix ORIENTATION_R = O# Abaqus.NamePrefix ORIENTATION_S = O# Abaqus.NamePrefix SECTION_CONTROL = C# Abaqus.NamePrefix SET = # Abaqus.NamePrefix SHELL_SECTION = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix SOLID_SECTION = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix SPRING_PROP = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix STEP = # Abaqus.NamePrefix SURFACE = S# Abaqus.NamePrefix SURFACE_INTERACTION = I# Abaqus.NamePrefix SURFACE_SECTION = P# Abaqus.NamePrefix TRUSS_PROP = P

Thus for the above example, the NAME of *AMPLITUDE will have the following format during output:*AMPLITUDE, NAME=A1;TIME_MAGNITUDE, DEFINITION=TABULAR, SMOOTH=.25, VALUE=RELATIVE, TIME=STEP TIME.0, .0, 1., 1.

The user is able to give own prefixes if un-comment the desired Abaqus.NamePrefixes (remove the # symbol at the start of the line) and type any name after equal symbol of each Abaqus.NamePrefix (up to four characters can be specified). In example:# ABAQUS names' prefix library# Leave lines in comments, for ANSA to assign default prefixes.Abaqus.NamePrefix AMPLITUDE = TIMG.

In this case, the name of NAME parameter will have the following format during output (have in mind that Preserve Ids in Names flag of ABAQUS Output Parameters window should be active):



*AMPLITUDE, NAME=TIMG1;TIME_MAGNITUDE, DEFINITION=TABULAR, SMOOTH=.25, VALUE=RELATIVE, TIME=STEP TIME.0, .0, 1., 1.

In cases it is not desired to assign prefixes in some entities, uncomment and leave them blank.In example:

# ABAQUS names' prefix library# Leave lines in comments, for ANSA to assign default prefixes.Abaqus.NamePrefix AMPLITUDE = Abaqus.NamePrefix BEAM_SECTION =

Then during output:

*AMPLITUDE, NAME=(just the name specified in the card)*BEAM SECTION, ELSET=(just the name specified in the beam section card).

NOTES:

ANSA should be reopened so as to read any change in ANSA.defaults file.

In case there are prefixes defined in more than one ANSA.defaults file (ANSA_HOME, HOME or Current directory) in order to avoid overwriting the prefixes the user can un-comment the Abaqus.NamePrefix Lock_current_state = true line (just after the prefixes) in order to guide ANSA to not alter the already read prefixes in case other prefixes will be read from other ANSA.defaults file(s).



2. Defining non-linear material properties (as a function of temperature) in tabular forms.

The non-linear material properties can be defined almost with the same way for all material properties inside ANSA. The steps that should be followed are:

2.1 Set DEP pull down menu of each material property to YES. In example, set DEP option of *DENSITY to YES as shown in the figure at the right side.

2.2 Press the ? key in DATA TABLE field that appears.

2.3 Create a new table by pressing the corresponding button (NEW>DATA TABLE) in DATA TABLE HELP card that opens.

2.4 Specify the values in i-columns and j-rows (as many as needed) and press OK to declare the definition. For *DENSITY option two columns are needed. The values in the first column are considered as the density values and in the second column the temperature values.

2.5 Double click on it to appear its ID in DATA TABLE field.


3

Density T emperature values

4

5

1

? 2


NOTES:

Each row implies one data line during output.

The values of each property are specified in each column. The temperature values are always specified in the last column of the table.

3. Fix operations for pyramid elements created inside ANSA.

The volume meshing can be implemented by using any function (mainly any algorithm of MESHV) located in VOLUMEs group of MESH menu. In many cases, when quads exist in the surface mesh of the volume pyramid elements are automatically generated during volume meshing. The created pyramids can be fixed either by using CHECK>PYARAMIDS function (ABAQUS deck) or by activating the Split Pyramid in Tetras flag during output (ABAQUS Output Parameters window).

3.1 The PYRAMIDS check.

Activating this function (D.UTIL menu) all detected pyramid elements in the visible model appear as errors (coloured in red) in Checks list that opens.

Select Fix option in the pull down menu that appears, when pressing the right mouse button on it, to split pyramids into tetras.


CHECK

------------------ PYRAMIDS


The result is also displayed on the screen.

3.2 The Split Pyramid in Tetras flag.

Activating this flag the identified pyramids according to the mode of the Output (All/Model/Visible) are automatically split into tetras during output.

A relative warning message is also reported in the TEXT widow whether pyramids are detected in the model during output.

The result is presented in the current input file (*.inp).



4. Usage of ANSA tooltips and function finder for any ABAQUS keyword and subsequent parameters identification.

4.1 Tooltips

The tooltips are very useful in order to understand which is the usage of the fields and menus inside a card. For instance the card in the right figure shows all parameters concerning the *BOUNDARY keyword. If putting the mouse cursor upon a field or menu, detailed information will appear. The information is written in the same manner as in ABAQUS keywords reference manual and so the user is not needed to switch to ABAQUS manual. In this case if putting the cursor on OP menu, all details of OP parameter are introduced. Thus, tooltips are useful to identify easily and fast the keywords and subsequent parameters.

4.2 Function Finder

In each of the following supported keywords, they are described all possible ways to create the keyword. Due to the fact that the user may be not familiar with ANSA interface, the Function Finder can be used in order to activate a function. In example, the user wants to define the *AMPLITUDE keyword. If going to the Created by section of this keyword, there is one main way to define it and this is through AUXILIARIES>AMPLTD function. Since it requires more time to find the function in ANSA interface it is better to press Ctrl+F keys (default short-cut) or MENUBAR>Windows>Function Finder to open Function Finder window, then write the function (as shown in the figure) and finally Enter to activate it.



5. Orientation of Surfaces

All orientable elements (e.g. Shell, Gasket, Continuum Shell, etc) and the respective Properties contained in SETs, can be given a particular Orientation (SPOS / SNEG). This is a characteristic of the Set and can be assigned per contained entity, i.e a Shell property defined as Oriented= SPOS in one Set can be Oriented=SNEG in a different Set. Also two Properties in a Set can have different Orientation.

The orientation of the exported surface, based on the Set (Output as surface), is specified either by the ORIENTATION type or by the Entity's Orientation that is now available.

In order to define the orientation on a set's contained entity:

- Open the SET management window and click on Set's contents that need to specify Orientation.

- The Database Browser List with these entities (e.g. Properties) appear with the Column Oriented. This appears as an option within the Entity's card as well. However, the field/column becomes available only through the Set management.

- Using Quick Modify you can change the field directly in the list.



- The Entities assigned orientation are listed under the ORIENTED section



A

Keyword *ACOUSTIC MEDIUM

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL and switching *BRITTLE CRACKING to YES.

Remarks The temperature values may be specified only if DEP parameter is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column (Press the ? key in DATA TABLE field to define the corresponding table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *BRITTLE CRACKING option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *AMPLITUDE

Created by AUXILIARIES>AMPLTD>NEW.

Pressing the ? key in AMP, AMPLITUDE and FILM AMPL fields of any BOUNDARY, LOAD and TEMPERATURE card. Then, AMPLITUDE card opens and any amplitude can be defined by clicking the NEW button.

Remarks The NAME parameter can be specified through the NAME field (behind the 'ID' field) of AMPLITUDE card. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of NAME parameter.

The INPUT parameter is not supported. However, there is an alternative way by reading the data lines from a file by clicking the 'Read' button through AMPLITUDE card and choosing the particular file from the Open window.

The SCALEX, SCALEY, SHIFTX and SHIFTY parameters are exported only if 'Output Format' menu is switched to 6.7 or 6.8 during output.



Keyword *AXIAL

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Properties>NEW>BEAM, switching TYPE_ to GENERAL SECTION, SECTION to NONLINEAR SECTION and setting *AXIAL to YES.

Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of BEAM SECTION & ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM SECTION] card) so as the specific *AXIAL option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Switch 'AX behavior' to ELASTIC and 'AX variation' to LINEAR to define the corresponding options.

All the properties (stiffness, axial force, strain etc.) are given in a tabular form through AX D. TABLE field (Press the ? key in AX D. TABLE field to define the corresponding table, if LINEAR option is specified the above field appears by setting AX DEP option to YES). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.



B

Keyword *BEAM GENERAL SECTION

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Properties>NEW>BEAM and switching to GENERAL SECTION TYPE_ through the BEAM SECTION & ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM SECTION] card.

Remarks The ELSET parameter can be specified through the Name field of BEAM SECTION & ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM SECTION] card. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of ELSET parameter.

The sectoral moment G0 and warping constant Gw are available only when B31OS or B310SH element types are chosen from BEAM SECTION & ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM SECTION] card.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of BEAM SECTION & ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM SECTION] card) so as the specific *BEAM GENERAL SECTION option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *BEAM SECTION

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Properties>NEW>BEAM and switching to SECTION TYPE_ through the BEAM SECTION & ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM SECTION] card.

Remarks The ELSET parameter can be specified through the Name field of BEAM SECTION & ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM SECTION] card. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of ELSET and MATERIAL parameters.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of BEAM SECTION & ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM SECTION] card) so as the specific *BEAM SECTION option to be written to the output file (.inp).



Keyword *BIAXIAL TEST DATA

Created by Follow the steps below to define this keyword:

1. Use MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL.

2. a) Switch to HYPERELASTIC Elasticity (MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) and set *HYPERELASTIC option to YES.

b) Switch to HYPERFOAM Elasticity' and set '*HYPERFOAM option to YES.

c) Switch to HYPERFOAM or HYPERELASTIC Elasticity, set *HYPERFOAM or *HYPERELASTIC options to YES and then *MULLINS EFFECT=YES.

3. Set TEST DATA INPUT option to YES.

4. Set *BIAXIAL option to YES.

5. Press ? key in the respective TEST DATA field for a tabular definition of the stress-strain data.

Remarks Each row of the specified data table implies one data line during output.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *BIAXIAL TEST DATA option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *BLOCKAGE

Created by Follow the steps below:

1. Use AUXILIARIES>S.INTER>INFO>NEW to create a new surface interaction.

2. Set to YES the *BLOCKAGE option.

3. Press OK in SURFACE INTERACTION/CONTACT PROPERTIES [SURFACE_INTERACTION] card to declare the definition.

Remarks



Keyword *BOUNDARY

Created by BOUNDARY>BOUNDARY>Node.

BOUNDARY>BOUNDARY>Set.

Remarks See GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of AMPLITUDE parameter as well as the node set names.

If 'Boundary' flag into RESET region of STEP card is active, all *BOUNDARY options in this step acquire OP=NEW parameter.

Up to 16 degrees of freedom are supported. The dofs are specified in DOF field of *BOUNDARY [BOUNDARY] card. The values should be given in format 123456789 for up to 9 dof and separated by comma when greater than 9 is needed e.g. 1,2,3,11.

Keyword *BRITTLE CRACKING

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL, switching 'Plasticity' to BRITTLE CRACKING and then *BRITTLE CRACKING to YES (the stress-strain-temperature data lines are defined in a tabular form).


Since the above keyword is valid only for a Abaqus/Explicit analysis in order to output the 'Abaqus/Explicit output' flag of Other Options section of Miscellaneous tab should be activated during output (ABAQUS Output Parameters window). If *DYNAMIC, EXPLICIT ANALYSIS is selected from STEP card (AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW) then the above flag is automatically activated.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *BRITTLE CRACKING option to be written to the output file (.inp).



Keyword *BRITTLE FAILURE

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL, switching 'Plasticity' to BRITTLE CRACKING, then *BRITTLE CRACKING to YES and finally *BRITTLE FAILURE to YES.



Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *BRITTLE FAILURE option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *BRITTLE SHEAR

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL, switching 'Plasticity' to BRITTLE CRACKING, then *BRITTLE CRACKING to YES and finally *BRITTLE SHEAR to YES.



Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *BRITTLE SHEAR option to be written to the output file (.inp).



Keyword *BUCKLE

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW and selecting the *BUCKLE option into the pull down menu of ANALYSIS section.

Remarks Left-click on the Parameters button to choose the eigensolver type if desired.

Keyword *BULK VISCOSITY

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW , pressing *BULK VISCOSITY button located in ANALYSIS section and typing values in B1 or/and B2 fields.

Remarks Switch ANAYSIS to DYNAMIC, EXPLICIT in order to make active *BULK VISCOCITY button (the keyword is valid only in an Abaqus/Explicit analysis).



C

Keyword *CAPACITY

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>FLUID BEHAVIOR and switching *CAPACITY to YES.

Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of FLUID BEHAVIOR [FLUID BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CAPACITY option to be written to the output file (.inp).

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP parameter is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column (Press the ? key in DATA TABLE field to define the corresponding table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Keyword *CAST IRON COMPRESSION HARDENING

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL, switching 'Plasticity' to CAST IRON PLASTICITY, then *CAST IRON PLASTICITY to YES, *CAST IRON COMPRESSION HARDENING to YES and typing '?' key in TEST DATA field to select an existing data table or create a new one (the stress-strain-temperature data lines are defined in a tabular form). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *CAST IRON COMPRESSION HARDENING option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CAST IRON PLASTICITY

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL, switching 'Plasticity' to CAST IRON PLASTICITY and then *CAST IRON PLASTICITY to YES.



Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *CAST IRON PLASTICITY option to be written to the output file (.inp).

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP parameter is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column (Press the ? key in TEST DATA field to define the corresponding table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Keyword *CAST IRON TENSION-HARDENING

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL, switching 'Plasticity' to CAST IRON PLASTICITY, then *CAST IRON PLASTICITY to YES, *CAST IRON TENSION-HARDENING to YES and typing '?' key in TEST DATA field to select an existing data table or create a new one (the stress-strain-temperature data lines are defined in a tabular form). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *CAST IRON TENSION- HARDENING option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CENTROID

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Properties>NEW>BEAM and setting *CENTROID option to YES, having selected the GENERAL SECTION TYPE and GENERAL SECTION (BEAM SECTION & ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM SECTION] card).

Remarks



Keyword *CFLUX

Created by LOADs>CFLUX>Node.

LOADs>CFLUX>Set.


Up to 13 degrees of freedom may be specified.

If Cflux flag into RESET region of STEP card is active, all *CFLUX options in this step acquire OP=NEW parameter.

Keyword *CLEARANCE

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>CONTACT>INFO>NEW>CONTACT, and setting to YES the *CLEARANCE option (provided SMALL SLIDING=YES) while CONTACT PAIR TYPE has been selected (*CONTACT DEFINITION [CONTACT PAIR] card).

Remarks Set 'by' menu to VALUE or TABULAR to define VALUE and TABULAR parameters respectively. In addition if by=TABULAR press CLEARANCE TABULAR DATA button (located at bottom of *CONTACT DEFINITION [CONTACT PAIR] card) to define the relative parameters accordingly. Specifically set BOLT to YES to define BOLT parameter, set either 'by' to NODE to pick a node from screen through NODE field or to SET to select a node set through SET field and click Insert button to declare the definition (repeat the action to define data lines for different node or node set).

INPUT parameter is supported only during input.

See GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of SLAVE and MASTER parameters.

Keyword *CLOAD

Created by LOADs>CLOAD>Node.

LOADs>CLOAD>Set.

LOADs>CLOAD>Dstr.




If Cload flag into RESET region of STEP card is active, all *CLOAD options in this step acquire OP=NEW parameter.

Keyword *COHESIVE BEHAVIOR


1. Use AUXILIARIES>S.INTER>INFO>NEW to create a new surface interaction.

2. Set to YES the *COHESIVE BEHAVIOR option.

3. Press OK in SURFACE INTERACTION/CONTACT PROPERTIES [SURFACE_INTERACTION] card to declare the definition.

Remarks Set DEP option to YES and press the ? key in D.TABLE field so as to specify the elastic behaviour as a function of temperature. DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

The keyword can be output provided that the 'Output Format' option is switched to 6.8 (ABAQUS Output Parameters window).

Keyword *COHESIVE SECTION

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Properties>NEW>COHESIVE.

Remarks See GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of ELSET, MATERIAL, CONTROLS and ORIENTATION parameters.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of COHESIVE SECTION & ELEMENT TYPE [COHESIVE_SECTION] card) so as the specific *COHESIVE SECTION option to be written to the output file (.inp).



Keyword *COMBINED TEST DATA

Created by Follow the steps below to define this keyword:

1. Use MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL.

2. Set *VISCOELASTIC option to YES, FREQ/TIME=TIME and TIME=CREEP TEST DATA or RELAXATION TEST DATA.

3. Set *COMBINED option to YES.

4. Press ? key in the respective TEST DATA field for a tabular definition of the compliance or modulus-time data.

Remarks Each row of the specified data table implies one data line during output

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *COMBINED TEST DATA option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONDUCTIVITY

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL and setting to YES the *CONDUCTIVITY option.

Remarks Set DEP option to YES and press the ? key in DATA TABLE field so as to specify the thermal conductivity as a function of temperature. For TYPE=ISO a table with 2 columns, for TYPE = ORTHO a table with 4 columns and for TYPE=ANISO a table with 7 columns should be defined. DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *CONDUCTIVITY option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR.



Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR option to be written to the output file (.inp). In order to avoid the above, activate either the 'set default' or 'set default for prop=CONNECTOR_SECTION' options of an already existing CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR in MATDB. Then when creating a new CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR or a CONNECTOR SECTION respectively, this will take the properties of the CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR in MATDB and the DEFINED=YES automatically.

The NAME parameter can be specified through the Name field of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of NAME parameter.

Keyword *CONNECTOR CONSTITUVE REFERENCE

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and setting to YES the*CONSTITUTIVE REFERENCE option.

Remarks The reference lengths and angles can be defined through CNRF>data field (press ? key and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card to specify the corresponding fields of the lengths and angles).

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR CONSTITUTIVE REFERENCE option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR DAMAGE EVOLUTION

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and setting to YES the *DAMAGE INITIATION option.

Remarks The attributes of the *CONNECTOR DAMAGE EVOLUTION can be defined through DI>data field (press ? key and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card). if DI>comp=YES then activate one of the COMP of *DAMAGE INITIATION to define *DAMAGE EVOLUTION (*CONNECTOR DAMAGE INITIATION card).

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP parameter is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column in each selected TYPE and SOFTENING respectively (Press the ? key in DATA TABLE field to define the corresponding table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.



Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR DAMAGE EVOLUTION option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR DAMAGE INITIATION

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and setting to YES the *DAMAGE INITIATION option.

Remarks Switch to YES or NO the DI>comp option to include or not the COMPONENT parameter.

The attributes of the *CONNECTOR DAMAGE INITIATION can be defined through DI>data field (press ? key and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card).

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP parameter is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column in each selected CRITERION respectively (Press the '?' key in DATA TABLE field to define the corresponding table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR DAMAGE INITIATION option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR DAMPING

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and setting to YES the *DAMPING option.

Remarks The attributes of the *CONNECTOR DAMPING can be defined through D>data field (press ? key and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card).

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP parameter is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column in each case (Press the ? key in DATA TABLE field to define the corresponding table). If the 21 damping constants are specified as a function of temperature, the values should be given in a table with 22-columns. DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR



BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR DAMPING option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR DERIVED COMPONENT

Created by AUXILIARIES>DRV COMP>NEW.

Following the steps below:

1. Use MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and set to YES the *DAMAGE INITIATION option.

2. Press the ? key in DI>data field (having DI>comp=NO) and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card.

3. Press the ? key in *POTENTIAL field and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card

4. Switch one of the six Comp/Drv options to DRV.COMP. and then press the ? key in drv.comp. field.

5. Press the NEW button in CONNECTOR DERIVED COMPONENT HELP card.

Follow the same procedure for *DAMAGE EVOLUTION, *FRICTION and *PLASTICITY options as well.

Remarks The NAME parameter can be specified through the Name field of CONNECTOR DERIVED COMPONENT [CONNECTOR_DERIVED_ COMPONENT] card. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of NAME parameter.

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP parameter is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column in each case (Press the ? key in DATA TABLE field to define the corresponding table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR DERIVED COMPONENT option to be written to the output file (.inp).

OPERATOR=MACAULEY SUM is exported only if 'Output Format' menu is switched to 6.7 or 6.8 during output.

Keyword *CONNECTOR ELASTICITY

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and setting to YES the *ELASTICITY option.



RemarksThe attributes of the *CONNECTOR ELASTICITY can be defined through EL>data field (press ? key and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card).

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP parameter is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column in each case (Press the ? key in DATA TABLE field to define the corresponding table). If the 21 elasticity constants are specified as a function of temperature, the values should be given in a table with 22-columns. DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR ELASTISITY option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR FAILURE

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and setting to YES the*FAILURE option.

Remarks The attributes of the *CONNECTOR FAILURE can be defined through F>data field (press ? key and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card).

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR FAILURE option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR FRICTION

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and setting to YES the *FRICTION option.

Remarks Switch to YES or NO the FR>comp option to include or not the COMPONENT parameter.

The attributes of the *CONNECTOR FRICTION can be defined through FR>data field (press ? key and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card to specify the parameters as desired in CONNECTOR FRICTION [CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR_ATTRIBUTE] card).



The temperature values may be specified only if DEP parameter is set to YES (available when PREDEFINED option set to NO or FR>comp option is set to YES). They are introduced in the last column in each case (Press the '?' key in DATA TABLE field to define the corresponding table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR FRICTION option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR HARDENING

Created by Following the steps below:

1. Use MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and set to YES the *PLASTICITY option.

2. Press the ? key in PL>*HARDENING field and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card.

3. Specify the parameters as desired (CONNECTOR HARDENING [CONNECTOR_BEHAVIOR_ATTRIBUTE] card).

Remarks The temperature values may be specified only if DEP parameter is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column in each case (Press the ? key in DATA TABLE field to define the corresponding table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR HARDENING option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR LOAD

Created by LOADs>CONN.LOAD>Element.

LOADs>CONN.LOAD>Set.

Remarks See GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of AMPLITUDE parameter as well as the element set names.

If Connector Load flag into RESET region of STEP card is active, all *CONNECTOR LOAD



options in this step acquire OP=NEW parameter.

Keyword *CONNECTOR LOCK

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and setting to YES the*LOCK option.

Remarks The attributes of the *CONNECTOR LOCK can be defined through LCK>data field (press ? key and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card).

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR LOCK option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR MOTION

Created by BOUNDARY>CON.MOTION>Element.

BOUNDARY>CON.MOTION>Set.

Remarks The AMPLITUDE parameter can be specified through AMP field (access to the AMPLITUDE card by pressing the ? key). See GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of AMPLITUDE parameter as well as the element set names.

If Connector Motion flag into RESET region of STEP card is active, all *CONNECTOR MOTION options in this step acquire OP=NEW parameter.

Keyword *CONNECTOR PLASTICITY

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and setting to YES the *PLASTICITY option.

Remarks Switch to YES the PL>comp option to include the COMPONENT parameter and select the connector's component of relative motion for which plasticity behavior is specified through



FR>data field (press ? key and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card).

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR PLASTICITY option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR POTENTIAL

Created by Following the steps below:

1. Use MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and set to YES the *DAMAGE INITIATION option.

2. Press the ? key in DI>data field (having DI>comp=NO) and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card.

3. Press the ? key in *POTENTIAL field and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card.

Follow the same procedure for *FRICTION and *PLASTICITY options as well.

Following the steps below:

1. Use MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and set to YES the *FRICTION option.

2. Press the ? key in FR>*POTENTIAL field (having FR>comp=NO) and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card.

Follow the same procedure for *PLASTICITY option as well.

Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR POTENTIAL option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR SECTION

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Properties>NEW>CONNECTOR.

Remarks The ELSET and BEHAVIOR parameters can be specified through the Name and MID fields of *CONNECTOR SECTION [CONNECTOR_ SECTION] card respectively. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of ELSET, BEHAVIOR, CONTOLS parameters and the orientation names.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of *CONNECTOR SECTION [CONNECTOR_SECTION] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR SECTION option to be



written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONNECTOR STOP

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR and setting to YES the*STOP option.

Remarks The attributes of the *CONNECTOR STOP can be defined through STP>data field (press ? key and then the NEW button in CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR ATTRIBUTE card).

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR [CONNECTOR BEHAVIOR] card) so as the specific *CONNECTOR STOP option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *CONSTRAINT CONTROLS

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>CONTROLS>*CONSTRAINT CONTROLS> NEW to define *CONSTRAINT CONTROLS associated only with history data parameters.

Using AUXILIARIES>STEP>*CONSTR.CONTROLS to define *CONSTRAINT CONTROLS associated only with model data parameters.

Remarks The DELETE SLAVE parameter is written out provided the 'Output Format' is set to 6.7 or 6.8 (ABAQUS Output Parameters window).

Keyword *CONTACT

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>CONTACT>INFO>NEW>CONTACT and switching to *CONTACT EXCLUSIONS or *CONTACT INCLUSIONS TYPE (*CONTACT option is automatically exported when *CONTACT EXCLUSIONS or/and *CONTACT INCLUSIONS are defined).

Remarks If Contact flag into RESET region of STEP card is active, all *CONTACT options in this step acquire OP=NEW parameter.



The keyword is output for Abaqus/Standard provided the 'Output Format' is set to 6.8 (ABAQUS Output Parameters window) and STEP field is blank or hosts a step id of an Abaqus/Standard analysis.

Keyword *CONTACT CLEARANCE

Created by AUXILIARIES>CLEARANCE>*CONTACT CLEARANCE>NEW.

Remarks The NAME parameter can be specified through the Name field of *CONTACT CLEARANCE [CONTACT_CLEARANCE] card. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of NAME parameter.

Keyword *CONTACT CLEARANCE ASSIGNMENT

Created by AUXILIARIES>CLEARANCE>*CONTACT CLEARANCE ASSIGNMENT>NEW.

Remarks The names of the first and second surface can be specified through the Name fields of the specific SETS cards. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of the first, second surface and *CONTACT CLEARANCE definition.

The model should also include *CONTACT INCLUSIONS or *CONTACT EXCLUSIONS for the validation of this keyword (so as to be written out).

Keyword *CONTACT CONTROLS

Created by AUXILIARIES>CONTROLS>*CONTACT CONTROLS>NEW.

Remarks MASTER and SLAVE parameters can be specified by pressing the ? key in CONTACT PAIR field and selecting an existing contact pair from CONTACT PAIR LIST HELP card (in Abaqus/Standard). See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of MASTER and SLAVE parameters.



Keyword *CONTACT CONTROLS ASSIGNMENT

Created by AUXILIARIES>CONTROLS>*CONTACT CONTROLS ASSIGNMENT>NEW.

Remarks The first and second surface can be specified through the corresponding fields of *CONTACT CONTROLS ASSIFNMENT [CONTACT CONTROLS ASSIGNMENT] card (press the ? key to select the proper sets from SETS HELP card). See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of the first and second surface.

The model should also include *CONTACT INCLUSIONS or *CONTACT EXCLUSIONS for the validation of this keyword (so as to be written out).

Leave 'STEP' field blank or specify the step id of a DYNAMIC, EXPLICIT analysis so as to write out as model and history data respectively. If 'STEP'= blank have in mind to activate the 'Abaqus/Explicit Output' flag during output due to the fact this keyword is valid just for an ABAQUS/Explicit analysis.

TYPE=FOLD TRACKING and FOLD INVERSION CHECK are written out only if 'Output Format' menu is set to 6.7 or 6.8 during output. In addition this version (6.7) will affect the format of AUTOMATIC OVERCLOSURE RESOLUTION parameter according to the ABAQUS manual. TYPE=ENHANCED EDGE TRACKING is output provided the 'Output Format' menu is set to 6.8 during output.

Keyword *CONTACT DAMPING

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>S.INTER>NEW and switching *CONTACT DAMPING option to YES.

Using MENUBAR>Windows>Properties>NEW>GAP and switching *CONTACT DAMPING option to YES.

Remarks

Keyword *CONTACT EXCLUSIONS

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>CONTACT>INFO>NEW>CONTACT and switching to CONTACT EXCLUSIONS TYPE.



Remarks The first and second surface can be specified through the SSID and MSID fields respectively (press the ? key to select existing sets from the SETS HELP card). See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of the first and second surface.

Blank slave and master surface names are supported when SLAVE=ALL ELEM and MASTER=blank respectively. If slave surface is blank then a set with all elements of model is created during input and this set is assigned to SSID field of current contact (name of set is SET_PART_ALL and it is marked as auxiliary (AUXILIARY=YES) in order to output contact in same format which means blank slave surface).

For an Abaqus/Explicit analysis the keyword is output provided the 'Abaqus/Explicit output' flag of Other Options section of Miscellaneous tab is activated during output (ABAQUS Output Parameters window). If *DYNAMIC, EXPLICIT ANALYSIS is selected from STEP card (AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW) then the above flag is automatically activated. The keyword is output for Abaqus/Standard provided the 'Output Format' is set to 6.8 (ABAQUS Output Parameters window) and STEP field is blank or hosts a step id of an Abaqus/Standard analysis.

Keyword *CONTACT FILE

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW, switching to *CONTACT FILE Keyword and pressing the INSERT button to declare the definition.

Remarks Specify the SLAVE, MASTER or BOTH surfaces by pressing the? key in the CONTACT field and selecting an existing contact pair from the corresponding card. Do the same into NSET field to define the node set for which this output request is being made. The user is able to select more than one sets at once in order to define more than one output requests quickly. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of SLAVE, MASTER and NSET parameters.

Press the Output Variables button and activate any variable to be written to the results file for this contact pair. Alternatively, type the identifying keys for the contact variables, separated with commas, through the corresponding (Identifying Keys) field of CONTACT VARIABLES window.

Keyword *CONTACT INCLUSIONS

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>CONTACT>INFO>NEW>CONTACT and switching to CONTACT INCLUSIONS TYPE.



Remarks The first and second surface can be specified through the SSID and MSID fields respectively (press the ? key to select existing sets from the SETS HELP card). See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of the first and second surface.

Blank master surface names and ALL ELEMENT BASED parameter are supported when MASTER is switched to blank and SLAVE to ALL ELEM respectively (*CONTACT DEFINITION [CONTACT PAIR] card). In addition, ALL EXTERIOR parameter is output when 'Abaqus Version' option of ABAQUS Output Parameters window is is switched to 6.6 or 6.7 or 6.8.

For an Abaqus/Explicit analysis the keyword is output provided the 'Abaqus/Explicit output' flag of Other Options section of Miscellaneous tab is activated during output (ABAQUS Output Parameters window). If *DYNAMIC, EXPLICIT ANALYSIS is selected from STEP card (AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW) then the above flag is automatically activated. The keyword is output for Abaqus/Standard provided the 'Output Format' is set to 6.8 (ABAQUS Output Parameters window) and STEP field is blank or hosts a step id of an Abaqus/Standard analysis.

Keyword *CONTACT INTERFERENCE


1. Use AUXILIARIES>INTERFER when contact pairs exist in the database.

2. EDIT to a particular contact pair into the list.

3. Specify the parameters (step, amplitude etc.) as required and press INSERT button to declare the definition (*CONTACT INTERFERENCE card).

Remarks See GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of AMPLITUDE parameter as well as the slave and master surface names.

Keyword *CONTACT OUTPUT

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW, switching to *CONTACT OUTPUT Keyword and pressing the INSERT button to declare the definition.



Remarks Specify the SLAVE, MASTER or BOTH surfaces by pressing the'?' key in the CONTACT field and selecting an existing contact pair from the corresponding card. Do the same into NSET and SURF (EXPL) fields to specify the NSET and SURFACE parameters respectively (select the proper set from SETS HELP card). The user is able to select more than one sets at once in order to define more than one output requests quickly. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of SLAVE, MASTER, NSET and SURFACE parameters.

Press the Output Variables button and activate any variable to be written to the output database for this contact pair. Alternatively, type the identifying keys for the contact variables, separated with commas, through the corresponding (Identifying Keys) field of CONTACT VARIABLES window.

Keyword *CONTACT PAIR

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>CONTACT>INFO>NEW>CONTACT and switching to CONTACT PAIR TYPE.

Using AUXILIARIES>CONTACT>FLANGES in order that flanges are detected in the model.

Remarks Specify the slave and master surfaces through the SSID and MSID fields respectively. Do the same into INTERACTION and ADJUST=NSET fields to specify the INTERACTION and ADJUST parameters respectively. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the slave, master surface and node set names as well as the name of INTERACTON parameter.

Set ADJUST to POS_VAL and type a value to adjust the initial positions of the surfaces in the field that appears or set ADJUST to NSET to define a node set label (press ? key in the corresponding field and select an existing node set or create a new one through the SETS HELP window).

Keyword *CONTACT PRINT

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW, switching to *CONTACT PRINT Keyword and pressing the INSERT button to declare the definition.

Remarks Specify the SLAVE, MASTER or BOTH surfaces by pressing the ? key in the CONTACT field and selecting an existing contact pair from the corresponding card. Do the same into NSET field to specify the NSET parameter (select the proper set from SETS HELP card). The user is able to select more than one sets at once in order to define more than one output requests quickly. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of SLAVE, MASTER and NSET parameters.



Press the Output Variables button and activate any variable to be written to the data file for this contact pair. Alternatively, type the identifying keys for the contact variables, separated with commas, through the corresponding (Identifying Keys) field of CONTACT VARIABLES window.

Keyword *CONTACT PROPERTY ASSIGNMENT

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>CONTACT>INFO>NEW>CONTACT, switching to *CONTACT EXCLUSIONS or *CONTACT INCLUSIONS TYPE and specifying INTERACTION field (*CONTACT PROPERTY ASSIGNMENT option is automatically exported when *CONTACT EXCLUSIONS or/and *CONTACT INCLUSIONS are defined in conjunction with *SURFACE INTERACTION).

Remarks See GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the first and second surface names as well as the name of *SURFACE INTERACTON.

Keyword *CONTROLS

Created by AUXILIARIES>CONTROLS>*CONTROLS>NEW.

Remarks Press '?' key in STEP field to select the step that the current control will reside in.

FIELD= PRESSURE LAGRANGE MULTIPLIER or VOLUMETRIC LAGRANGE MULTIPLIER are output provided that the 'Output Format' option is switched to 6.7 or 6.8 and for TYPE=VCCT LINEAR SCALING to 6.8 (ABAQUS Output Parameters window).

Keyword *COUPLED TEMPERATURE-DISPLACEMENT

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW and then selecting the *COUPLED TEMPERATURE-DISPLACEMENT option into the pull down menu of ANALYSIS section.

Remarks Left-click on the 'Parameters' button to define the parameters as needed.

The ALLSDTOL parameter is defined by setting STABILIZE menu to YES and then ALLSDTOL



to YES. The CONTINUE is defined by following the above procedure plus setting CONTINUE menu to YES. The above parameters are written out provided the 'Output Format' is switched to 6.7 or 6.8 (ABAQUS Output Parameters window).

Keyword *COUPLING

Created by Using CONSTRAINTs>KINEM>NODES and switching to *KINEMATIC or *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>KINEM>SET and switching to *KINEMATIC or *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>DISTR>NODES and switching to *KINEMATIC or *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>DISTR>SET and switching to *KINEMATIC or *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>DISTR>FACET.

Remarks The CONSTRAIN NAME parameter may be specified in Name field and the ORIENTATION parameter in ORIENT field of *COUPLING [COUPLING] card. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of CONSTRAIN NAME and ORIENTATION parameters.

Node set names for REF NODE parameter are supported only during input.

When COUPLING is defined with NODES or FACET options: The SURFACE parameter is automatically specified with a standard name: SURFACE=SURF_COUPLING_(arbitrary number). The arbitrary number is a number different than the Id numbers of the existing sets in the model. The uniqueness of the surface names can be controlled through the Output_gen_id_range=min: max option in ANSA.defaults file. The arbitrary number at the end of the surface name will be a value between the specified min and max of this option.

When COUPLING is defined with SET option: The SURFACE parameter is automatically specified with the name of the set: SURFACE='set name'.

Keyword *CRUSHABLE FOAM

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL, switching to CRUSHABLE FOAM Elasticity and setting *CRUSHABLE FOAM option to YES.



Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *CRUSHABLE FOAM option to be written to the output file (.inp).

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP option is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column of the table (Press the ? key in TEST DATA to define the corresponding table according to the HARDENING parameter). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Keyword *CRUSHABLE FOAM HARDENING

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL, switching to CRUSHABLE FOAM Elasticity and setting *CRUSHABLE FOAM HARDENING option to YES while *CRUSHABLE FOAM=YES.

Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *CRUSHABLE FOAM HARDENING option to be written to the output file (.inp).

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP option is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column of the table (Press the ? key in TEST DATA to define the corresponding table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Keyword *CYCLIC SYMMETRY MODEL

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>STEP>*CYCLIC SYM. MODEL and typing a value at N field (the button is coloured to red to indicate that the current keyword is defined).

Remarks Leave all fields of *CYCLIC SYMMETRY MODEL card blank to deactivate keyword.



D

Keyword *DAMAGE EVOLUTION

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL and setting *DAMAGE EVOLUTION option to YES while *DAMAGE INITIATION=YES.

Using AUXILIARIES>S.INTER>INFO>NEW to create a new surface interaction, setting to YES the *COHESIVE BEHAVIOR option, then *DAMAGE INITIATION=YES and finally *DAMAGE EVOLUTION option to YES.

The 'Output Format' flag should be set equal to 6.8 in order to write out the keyword (General tab of ABAQUS Output Parameters window).

Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *DAMAGE EVOLUTION option to be written to the output file (.inp).

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP option is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column of the table (Press the ? key in DATA TABLE (in MATERIAL card) or D.TABLE (in SURFACE INTERACTION card) to define the corresponding table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Keyword *DAMAGE INITIATION

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL and setting *DAMAGE INITIATION option to YES.

Using AUXILIARIES>S.INTER>INFO>NEW to create a new surface interaction, setting to YES the *COHESIVE BEHAVIOR option and then *DAMAGE INITIATION=YES.


Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *DAMAGE INITIATION option to be written to the output file (.inp).

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP option is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column of the table Press the ? key in DATA TABLE (in MATERIAL card) or D.TABLE (in SURFACE INTERACTION card) to define the corresponding table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of



DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Keyword *DAMAGE STABILIZATION

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>S.INTER>INFO>NEW to create a new surface interaction, setting to YES the *COHESIVE BEHAVIOR option, then *DAMAGE INITIATION=YES, *DAMAGE EVOLUTION=YES and finally '*DAMAGE STABILIZATION'=YES.


Remarks

Keyword *DAMPING

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL and setting to YES the *DAMPING option.

Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *DAMPING option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *DASHPOT

Created by MENUBAR>Windows>Properties>NEW>DASHPOT.

Remarks The ELSET parameter can be controlled by typing any name in Name field of *DASHPOT [DASHPOT_PROP] card. The ORIENTATION parameter can be defined by pressing the ? key in ORIENT field and selecting an existing coordinate system or creating a new one from the COORDINATES SYSTEM HELP card. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the names of ELSET and ORIENTATION parameters.

The NONLINEAR parameter can be included if BEHAVIOR is switched to NONLINEAR.



Switch between Axial and Fixed Dir. TYPE in order to define dashpot behavior for DASHPOTA elements or to give degrees of freedom for DASHPOT1 and DASHPOT2 elements respectively.

The temperature values may be specified only if DEP option is set to DEP. They are introduced in the last column in each case (Press the ? key in C-F-T or F-V-T fields to define the corresponding table). F-V-T field appear when BEHAVIOR is switched to NONLINEAR. DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of *DASHPOT [DASHPOT_PROP] card) so as the specific *DASHPOT option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *DENSITY

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL and setting to YES the *DENSITY option.

Remarks The temperature values may be specified only if DEP option is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column (Press the ? key in DATA TABLE field to define the Mass Density-Temperature table). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *DENSITY option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *DEPVAR

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL and setting to YES *DEPVAR option.

Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>GASKET BEHAVIOR and setting to YES *DEPVAR option.

Remarks Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] and GASKET BEHAVIOR [GASKET BEHAVIOR] cards) so as the specific *DEPVAR option to be written to the output file (.inp).



Keyword *DFLUX

Created by LOADs>DFLUX>Element.

LOADs>DFLUX>Set.


For sets the option 'Output as: should be switched to Set in order to output *DFLUX keyword.

If Dflux flag into RESET region of STEP card is active, all *DFLUX options in this step acquire OP=NEW parameter.

Keyword *DIAGNOSTICS

Created by Using AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW and pressing *DIAGNOSTICS button located in ANALYSIS section.

Remarks Switch ANAYSIS to DYNAMIC, EXPLICIT in order to make active *DIAGNOSTICS button (the keyword is valid only in an Abaqus/Explicit analysis).

The CRITICAL ELEMENTS and DEEP PENETRATION FACTOR parameters are written out provided the 'Output Format' is switched to 6.7 or 6.8 (ABAQUS Output Parameters window).

Keyword *DISTRIBUTING

Created by Using CONSTRAINTs>KINEM>NODES and switching to *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>KINEM>SET and switching to *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>DISTR>NODES and switching to *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>DISTR>SET and switching to *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>DISTR>FACET.



Remarks The WEIGHTING METHOD parameter is supported if using SET option and switching SURF.TYPE to ELEMENT-BASED. As an alternative way, fill the Wti fields (or W field when set of nodes is used) to specify the weighting factors at each coupling node. These factors are written out in the respective *SURFACE keyword. Especially, when using FACET option the weighting factors are automatically calculated following the NASTRAN RBE3 distribution theory.

Keyword *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING

Created by Using CONSTRAINTs>KINEM>NODES and switching to *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING / DCOUP D3 COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>KINEM>SET and switching to *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING / DCOUP D3 COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>DISTR>NODES and switching to *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING / DCOUP3D COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>DISTR>SET and switching to *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING / DCOUP3D COUPLING.

Using CONSTRAINTs>DISTR>FACET and switching to *DISTRIBUTING COUPLING / DCOUP3D COUPLING (by doing INFO in created coupling).

Remarks The ELSET parameter is automatically specified with the standard name: DCOUP3D_(eid). Take control of the ELSET name by changing its eid trough the corresponding field of *COUPLING [COUPLING] card.

Keyword *DISTRIBUTION

Created by A) The most simple way to define the *DISTRIBUTION keyword for thickness:

1. Use MENUBAR>Windows>Database>Database and left click on ELEMENT>SHELL item.

2. Select existing shell elements from the screen, right click on highlighted items in Selection list and use Modify option.

3. Create four Modify Rules for t1, t2, t3, and t4 fields and type any value in each of them so as to define varying thickness in elements (since t4 field does not exist in trias if above rules are applied on both trias and quads it will be failed for trias. In the relative window that opens press 'Open In New Tab' button and repeat the procedure by removing the t4 rule).

4. Activate the Output elements thickness flag in conjunction with - as DISTRIBUTION option through ABAQUS Output Parameters card during output.



B) The most simple way to define the *DISTRIBUTION keyword for orientation:

1. Use MENUBAR>Windows>Database>Database and left click on ELEMENT>SHELL item.

2. Select existing shell elements from the screen which are referenced by composite or laminate properties, right click on highlighted items in Selection list and use Modify option.

3. Switch 'mat.orient' option either to ANGLE and specify a value in ANGLE field or to mcid and press '?' or 'F1' keys in mcid field to select an existing coordinate system from the list and screen respectively (SHELL ELEMENT CARD).

Remarks The element sets names are supported only during input.

Only LOCATION=ELEMENT and TYPE=SCALAR are supported by ANSA. The NAME parameter obtains always the standard name DISTRIBUTION_ THICKNESS for case A) and DISTRIBUTION_MAT_ORIENTATION for case B) as well as the TABLE parameter the name TABLE_THICKNESS for case A) and TABLE_MAT_ORIENTATION for case B) and cannot be determined by the user.

Angles throughout the (90, -90) range are supported only when 'Output Format' option is switched to 6.8 or 6.9 (ABAQUS Output Parameters window).

Especially in case B) only angles are supported. So, ANSA creates automatically an:

*ORIENTATION, DEFINITION=OFFSET TO NODES

1,2,3

3, (the name of *DISTRIBUTION which are listed the angles of each shell)

This orientation is defined in the respective shell composite property.

For an ABAQUS/Explicit analysis, the keyword can be output provided that the 'Output Format' option is switched to 6.7 or 6.8 (ABAQUS Output Parameters window).

Keyword *DISTRIBUTION TABLE

Created by 1) Automatically by following the A) case of *DISTRIBUTION keyword in order to define shell thickness (LENGTH).

2) Automatically by following the B) case of *DISTRIBUTION keyword in order to define orientation (only type ANGLE).

Remarks See Remarks of *DISTRIBUTION keyword related to the way of NAME parameter determination.



Keyword *DLOAD

Created by LOADs>DLOAD>P/PNU/HP>Element.

LOADs>DLOAD>P/PNU/HP>Set.

LOADs>DLOAD>P/PNU/HP>Edge.

LOADs>DLOAD>P/PNU/HP>Dstr.

LOADs>DLOAD>GRAV>Set.

LOADs>DLOAD>VBF>Element.

LOADs>DLOAD>VBF>Set.

LOADs>DLOAD>VP>Element.

LOADs>DLOAD>VP>Set.

LOADs>DLOAD>CENTRIF>Element.

LOADs>DLOAD>CENTRIF>Set.


For sets the option 'Output as: should be switched to Set in order to output *DLOAD keyword.

Since CPE, CPS,CAX, DC2D and DCC2D4 are solid element types but in ANSA they are faced as shells, use Element or Set of elements options to select big facets and Edge or Set of edges options to select other facets (thickness facets). For solid types C3D, DC3D, DCC3D and AC3D when using LOADs>DLOAD>P/PNU/HP or/and VP >Set the set should contain solid facets and whole solids for all other functions (GRAV, VBF and CENTRIF options) in order to be valid .

If Dload flag into RESET region of STEP card is active, all *DLOAD options in this step acquire OP=NEW parameter.

Keyword *DSFLUX

Created by LOADs>DFLUX>Set.

Remarks See GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of AMPLITUDE parameter as well as the surface names.



For sets the option 'Output as: should be switched to Surface in order to output *DSFLUX keyword.

If Dsflux flag into RESET region of STEP card is active, all *DSFLUX options in this step acquire OP=NEW parameter.

Keyword *DSLOAD

Created by LOADs>DLOAD>P/PNU/HP>Set for P, PNU, EDLD, EDLDNU and HP load types.

LOADs>DLOAD>VP>Set for VP load type.

Remarks See GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of AMPLITUDE parameter as well as the surface names.

The set may contain only facets of solids and continuum shells, shells and edges of shells (S and DS element types) and solids (CPE, CPS, CAX, DC2D and DCC2D4 element types).

To output the DSLOADs the 'Output as:' option of the set should be set to Surface. Especially for sets with shell edges the definition of *SURFACEs is done with En labels and *DSLOAD is written out with EDLD and EDLDNU load types.

If Dsload flag into RESET region of STEP card is active, all *DSLOAD options in this step acquire OP=NEW parameter.

Keyword *DYNAMIC

Created by Use AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW and then select the *DYNAMIC option into the pull down menu of ANALYSIS section to perform an Abaqus/Standard analysis.

Use AUXILIARIES>STEP>NEW and then select the *DYNAMIC, EXPLICIT option into the pull down menu of ANALYSIS section to perform an Abaqus/Explicit analysis.

Remarks Left-click on the 'Parameters' button to specify the parameters as desired.



E

Keyword *ELASTIC

Created by Using MENUBAR>Windows>Materials>NEW>MATERIAL, setting to YES the *ELASTIC option ('Elasticity'=ELASTIC).

Remarks The temperature values may be specified only if DEP option is set to YES. They are introduced in the last column of the table (Press the '?' key in DATA TABLE field to define the corresponding table at each TYPE that is used). DEPENDENCIES parameter is supported if the data table defined in above manner contains other columns after the 'Temperature' one. The number of these columns (var(i)) determines the number of DEPEDENCIES parameter.

Set DEFINED option to YES (located at the top of MATERIAL [MATERIAL] card) so as the specific *ELASTIC option to be written to the output file (.inp).

Keyword *ELEMENT, TYPE=AC3D10

Created by Functions to create 2nd order TETRA (10-node elements) elements:

a. MESH menu: Define a volume from 2nd order shell elements (only Trias) by using VOLUMEs>DEFINE or VOLUMEs>INFO> DETECT functions and then MESHV>TETRA FEM or TETRA CFD to create TETRAs.

b. DECK menu: ELEMENTs>SOLID by selecting 4 nodes in combination with ELEMENTs>UTIL>Change Order to transit them to 2nd order TETRAs.

Use the above functions to create 10-node quadratic tetras and hence select the AC3D_ type from the TYPE pull down menu of SOLID SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [SOLID_SECTION] card that exists in PR.LIST.

Remarks The ELSET parameter can be specified through the Name field of the specific SOLID SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [SOLID_SECTION]. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of ELSET parameter.




Created by Functions to create 2nd order PENTA (15-node elements) elements:

a. MESH menu: Define a volume from 2nd order shell elements (only Trias) by using VOLUMEs>DEFINE or VOLUMEs>INFO> DETECT functions and then MESHV>TETRA + LAYERS or HEXA INTERIOR to create PENTAs.

b. MESH menu: Use VOLUMEs>TRANS or ROT or SWEEP or GLIDE and VOLUMEs>OFFSET>OFFSET or LAYERED OFFSET with starting surface mesh that contains 2nd order triangular shells or facets of solids.

c. MESH menu: Use VOLUMEs>MAP with master area that contains 2nd order triangular shells.

d. DECK menu: ELEMENTs>SOLID by selecting 6 nodes in combination with ELEMENTs>UTIL>Change Order to transit them to 2nd order PENTAs.

Use the above functions to create 15-node quadratic triangular prisms and hence select the AC3D_ type from the TYPE pull down menu of SOLID SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [SOLID_SECTION] card that exists in PR.LIST.



Created by Functions to create 2nd order HEXA (20-node elements) elements:

a. MESH menu: Use VOLUMEs>TRANS or ROT or SWEEP or GLIDE and VOLUMEs>OFFSET>OFFSET or LAYERED OFFSET with starting surface mesh that contains 2nd order quad shells or facets of solids.

b. MESH menu: Use VOLUMEs>MAP with master area that contains 2nd order quad shells.

c. DECK menu: ELEMENTs>SOLID by selecting 8 nodes in combination with ELEMENTs>UTIL>Change Order to transit them to 2nd order HEXAs.

Use the above functions to create 20-node quadratic bricks and hence select the AC3D_ type from the TYPE pull down menu of SOLID SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [SOLID_SECTION] card that exists in PR.LIST.





Created by Functions to create 1st order TETRA (4-node elements) elements:

a. MESH menu: Define a volume from 1st order shell elements (only Quads, only Trias, Mixed) by using VOLUMEs>DEFINE or VOLUMEs>INFO>DETECT functions and then MESHV>TETRA FEM or TETRA CFD or TETRA + LAYERS or HEXA INTERIOR to create TETRAs.

b. DECK menu: ELEMENTs>SOLID by selecting 4 nodes.

Use the above functions to create 4-node linear tetras and hence select the AC3D_ type from the TYPE pull down menu of SOLID SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [SOLID_SECTION] card that exists in PR.LIST.



Created by Functions to create 1st order PENTA (6-node elements) elements:

a. MESH menu: Define a volume from 1st order shell elements (only Trias, Mixed) by using VOLUMEs>DEFINE or VOLUMEs> INFO> DETECT functions and then MESHV>TETRA + LAYERS or HEXA INTERIOR to create PENTAs.

b. MESH menu: Use VOLUMEs>TRANS or ROT or SWEEP or GLIDE and VOLUMEs>OFFSET>OFFSET or LAYERED OFFSET with starting surface mesh that contains tria shells or facets of solids.

c. MESH menu: Use VOLUMEs>MAP with master area that contains tria shells.

d. DECK menu: ELEMENTs>SOLID by selecting 6 nodes.

Use the above functions to create 6-node linear triangular prisms and hence select the AC3D_ type from the TYPE pull down menu of SOLID SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [SOLID_SECTION] card that exists in PR.LIST.





Created by Functions to create 1st order HEXA (8-node elements) elements:

a. MESH menu: Define a volume from 1st order shell elements (only Quads, Mixed) by using VOLUMEs>DEFINE or VOLUMEs> INFO>DETECT functions and then MESHV>TETRA + LAYERS or HEXA INTERIOR to create HEXAs.

b. MESH menu: Use VOLUMEs>TRANS or ROT or SWEEP or GLIDE and VOLUMEs>OFFSET>OFFSET or LAYERED OFFSET with starting surface mesh that contains quad shells or facets of solids.

c. MESH menu: Use VOLUMEs>MAP with master area that contains quad shells.


Use the above functions to create 8-node linear bricks and hence select the AC3D_ type from the TYPE pull down menu of SOLID SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [SOLID_SECTION] card that exists in PR.LIST.


Keyword *ELEMENT, TYPE=AC3D8R

Created by Functions to create 1st order HEXA (8-node elements) elements:

a. MESH menu: Define a volume from 1st order shell elements (only Quads, Mixed) by using VOLUMEs>DEFINE or VOLUMEs> INFO>DETECT functions and then MESHV>TETRA + LAYERS or HEXA INTERIOR to create HEXAs.

b. MESH menu: Use VOLUMEs>TRANS or ROT or SWEEP or GLIDE and VOLUMEs>OFFSET>OFFSET or LAYERED OFFSET with starting surface mesh that contains quad shells or facets of solids.

c. MESH menu: Use VOLUMEs>MAP with master area that contains quad shells.


Use the above functions to create 8-node linear bricks and hence select the AC3D_ type from the TYPE pull down menu of SOLID SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [SOLID_SECTION] card that exists in PR.LIST.




This element type is valid only in Abaqus/Explicit analyses (Use *DYNAMIC, EXPLICIT through ANALYSIS pull down menu of STEP card and activate Abaqus/Explicit output flag during output).

Keyword *ELEMENT, TYPE=B31

Created by Functions to create 2-node BEAMs in space:

a. ELEMENTs>BEAM.

b. Use ELEMENTs>UTIL>Change Type>1-d Entities function to switch existing 1D-element types to BEAMs.

c. Use AUXILIARIES>BOLT function to create BEAMs choosing the relative option from the pull down menus of Head, Body or Nut section.

d. Use ELEMENTs>SHELL>ON LINE EL to create BEAMs by selecting the respective option located in Rigid Body Type section.

Use any of the above functions to create beams and hence select the B31 type from the TYPE pull down menu of BEAM SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM_SECTION] card that exists in PR.LIST.

Remarks The ELSET parameter can be specified through the Name field of the specific BEAM SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM_SECTION]. See also GENERAL REMARKS how to determine the name of ELSET parameter.



Keyword *ELEMENT, TYPE=B31H


a. ELEMENTs>BEAM.




Use any of the above functions to create beams and hence select the B31 type from the 'TYPE' and H from the 'optional2' pulls down menu respectively (BEAM SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM_SECTION] card located in PR.LIST).


Keyword *ELEMENT, TYPE=B31OS


a. ELEMENTs>BEAM.




Use any of the above functions to create beams and hence select the B31 type from the 'TYPE' and OS from the 'optional1' pulls down menu respectively (BEAM SECTION&ELEMENT TYPE [BEAM_SECTION] card located in PR.LIST).




Keyword *ELEMENT, TYPE=B31OSH


a. ELEMENTs>BEAM.



d. Use ELEMENTs>SHELL>ON LINE EL t

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