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SECTION 1 GENERAL CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT

SECTION 2 PROJECT COST

SECTION 3 SCOPE OF WORKS

SECTION 4 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT

SECTION 5 GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 6 AUTHORITY’S CONTRACTORS TEMPORARY

UNDERTAKINGS AT SITE INCLUDING GENERAL SITE

INFORMATION

SECTION 1

GENERAL CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT

Final Report Study and Design for Cassava Rhizome-fired Pilot Power Plant

Volume 2/4 Technical Report

Section 1 General Conditions of Contract Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency

GHD (Thailand) Co., Ltd. Page 1 of 34 Consultants of Technology Co., Ltd. K:\KC\ \ \- \ - \SECTION GENERAL CONDITIONS.doc

SECTION 1

GENERAL CONDITIONS OF CONTRACT

CONTENT

CHAPTER 1 General

CHAPTER 2 Time Control

CHAPTER 3 Quality Control

CHAPTER 4 Cost Control

CHAPTER 5 Finishing the Contract

CHAPTER 1

GENERAL





CHAPTER 1 GENERAL

1.1 Definitions

Terms which are defined in the Contract Data/Special Conditions are not also defined in the

Conditions of Contract but keep their meanings. Capital initials are used to identify defined terms.

In the Contract (as hereinafter defined) the following words and expressions shall have the

meanings hereby assigned to them, except where the context requires otherwise:

Authority is the Department of Alternative Energy Development and Energy Conservation,

(DEDE) Represented by the Governor and Includes the Authority’s authorised representative, or

representatives.

Contractor is the person or persons, partnerships, firm, company or joint venture to whom

the Contract is awarded, and includes the Contractor’s personal representatives, successors and

permitted assignees.

Contract or Contract Documents is the agreement between the Authority and the Contractor

for the execution of the Works incorporating all documents recorded in the Contract Form signed by

both Parties, and such other documents as may be expressly incorporated by reference therein.

These documents are complementary and any prescription called for by one is as binding

upon the Parties as if called for in all others.

Contract Agreement is the document recording the terms of the Contract between the

Authority and the Contractor.

Specifications are the Specifications of the Works referred to in the Contract Documents

and any modification thereof, or addition thereto, as may from time to time be furnished or

approved in writing by the Authority.





Drawings are the Contract Drawings which are part of the Contract Documents and any

modification of such Drawings and such other Drawings, as may from time to time be furnished by

the Authority.

Inspector is any person(s) and organisation authorised in writing by the Authority to act as

their representative with respect to the inspection and testing of materials and workmanship in the

Works as well as the investigation of progress of the Works.

Agent is the person for the time being or from time to time appointed by the Contractor.

Subcontractor is and person (other than the Contractor) named in the Contract for any part

of the Works, or any person to whom any part of the Contract has been subcontracted with the

consent of the Authority and the Subcontractor’s legal successors in title but not any assignee of

the Subcontractor.

Contract Price is the sum stated in the Letter of Intent as payable to the Contractor for the

execution of the Works subject to such additions thereto or deductions therefrom as may be made

under the provisions herein contained

Goods are all machinery, apparatus, materials, equipment and things to be provided by the

Contractor under the Contract for incorporation in the Works.

Civil Work is any construction work related to civil engineering and associated architecture

such as installation of fencing, buildings, foundations, piles, cable trenches, water supply, roadway,

etc.

Installation Work means any work to be executed to assemble, erect, install, connect, test

and commission the equipment under the requirement of the Contract.

Works are all Goods, Civil Work, installation work and other supplies to be provided

(permanent and temporary) as well as all the work to be done by the contractor under the Contract

such as design, manufacture, shop tests, shipment, transportation to and storage at the Sites, etc.





Section of Works are a part of the Works so separately identified in the Contract Documents.

Day is calendar day except where specifically stated otherwise in the text; Month is a

calendar month in accordance with the Gregorian calendar,

Year is 365 days;

Written communication: Wherever in the Contract provision is made Communication for a to

be “written” or “in writing” this means any hand-written, type-written or printed communication,

including telex, cable and facsimile transmission.

Notices, Consents and Approvals: Wherever in the Contract provision is made for the giving

of notice, consent or approval by any person, such consent or approval shall not be unreasonably

withheld. Unless otherwise specified, such notice, consent or approval shall be in writing and the

work “notify” shall be construed accordingly.

Provisional Acceptance Certificate is the provisional taking over by the Authority of the

Works or Section of the Works as complete in accordance with the Contract Documents and upon

completion of applicable commissioning and trial tests.

Provisional Acceptance of the Works or Section of the Works shall be certified by the

Authority issuing a Provisional Acceptance Certificate. Such document shall not relieve the

Contractor of his obligations and responsibilities regarding the Maintenance Guarantee Period.

Maintenance Guarantee Period is the period of one(1) year during which the Contractor is

responsible for making good any defect in or damage to any part of the Works calculated from the

respective Provisional acceptance until their Final Acceptance.

Final Acceptance Certificate is the definite acceptance of the Works by the Authority after

the expiration of the Maintenance Guarantee Period. Final Acceptance of the Works shall be

certified by the Authority’s Final Acceptance Certificates

The Contract Data defines the documents and other information which comprise the

Contract.





A Defect is any part of the Works not completed in accordance with the Contract.

The Intended Completion Date is the date on which it is intended that the Contractor shall

complete the Works. The Intended Completion Date is specified in the Contract Data. The Intended

Completion Date may be revised only by the Authority by issuing an extension of time.

Plant is any integral part of the Works which is to have a mechanical electrical, electronic or

chemical function.

The Site is the area defined as such in the Contract Data.

The Start Date is given in the Contract Data. It is the date when the Contractor can

commence work on the Contract. It does not necessarily coincide with any of the Site Possession

Dates.

Temporary Works are works designed, constructed, installed, and removed by the

Contractor which are needed for construction or installation of the Works.

A variation is an instruction given by the Authority which varies the Works.

1.2 Interpretation

In interpreting these Conditions of Contract, singular also means plural, male also means

female, and vice versa. Headings and cross-references between clauses have no significance.

Words have their normal meaning under the language of the Contract unless specifically defined.

1.3 Language and Law

The language of the Contract and the law governing the Contract are stated in the Contract

Data.

1.4 Delegation

The Authority may delegate any of his duties and responsibilities to other people after

notifying the Contractor and may cancel any delegation after notifying the Contractor.





1.5 Communications

Communications between parties which are referred to in the conditions are effective only

when in writing. A notice is effective only when it is received.

1.6 Subcontracting and Other Contractors

a) Subcontracting

The Contractor may subcontract with be permission of the Authority but may not assign the

Contract without the approval of the Authority in writing. Subcontracting does not alter the

Contractor’s obligations.

b) Other Contractors

Execution of the Work may involve co-operation and co-ordination with other Contractors

who are furnishing associated materials or are performing work at the sites, or between the

suppliers of materials.

The Contractor shall co- ordinate timely the scheduling of the Work with the work, of such

other contractors to ensure timely and efficient progress by all parties. Any conflict arising through

such coordination shall be submitted immediately to the Authority for resolution.

1.7 Personnel

The Contractor is to employ either the key personnel named in the Schedule of Key

Personnel to carry out the functions stated in the Schedule or other personnel approved by the

Authority. The Authority will approve proposed replacement key personnel only if their

qualifications, abilities, and relevant experience are equal or better than those of the personnel

listed in the Schedule.

If the Authority asks the Contractor to remove a person who is a member of his staff or his

work force and states his reasons the Contractor is to ensure that the person leaves the Site within

seven(7) days and has no further connection with the work in the Contract.





1.8 Contractor’s Risks

All risks of loss or damage to physical property and of personal injury and death which arise

during and in consequence of the performance of the Contract other than the excepted risks are

the responsibility of the Contractor.

1.9 Authority’s Risks

(a) insofar as they directly affect the execution of the Works in the Authority’s country,

the risks of war, hostilities, invasion, act of foreign enemies, rebellion, revolution,

insurrection or military or usurped power, civil war, riot, commotion or disorder

(unless restricted to the employees), and contamination from any nuclear fuel or

nuclear waste or radioactive toxic explosive, or

(b) a cause due solely to the design of the Works, other than the Contractor’s design.

1.10 Contractor’s Insurance

1.10.1 Insurance for Supply of Goods

The Contractor shall insure all Goods to be furnished under the Contract for 110% of CIF

Bangkok cost against all risks, War & S.R.C.C. (Strike, Riots, Civil, Commotion) incidental to marine

shipment and delivery. The insurance against damage of Goods or theft in transit shall also cover

inland transport until the Goods reach the Authority’s sites.

If the Goods or any portion there of are damaged or lost during transit, the replacement of

such Goods shall be effected by the Contractor as soon as possible in order to avoid unnecessary

delay in the commissioning of the Goods. The insurance policy shall be in the joint names of the

Authority and the Contractor.

1.10.2 Insurance for Local Transportation

The Contractor shall insure Local Goods for the total value of such Goods against all risks

for local transportation to the sites of erection.





1.10.3 Insurance for Construction and Installation Works

a) Employer’s Liability and Workmen’s compensation for all of the Contractor’s erection

and installation employees.

b) Comprehensive Contractor’s and Automobile Liability and Property Damage.

c) Construction’s all risks including fire, earthquake, flood and such other perils which

are necessary for protection of the work and construction plant as well as all

equipment until the issuance of the Provisional Acceptance Certificate.

The above insurance policy shall be effected with a reputable and acceptable local

insurance company approved by the Authority. The insurance policies shall be in the joint names of

the Authority and the Contractor.

Policies and certificates for insurance are to be produced by the Contractor to the

Authority for approval before the Start Date given in the Contract Data and subsequently as the

Authority may require.

If the Contractor does not produce any of the policies and certificates required, the

Authority may effect the insurance for which the Contractor should have produced the policies and

certificates and recover the premiums it has paid from payments otherwise due to the Contractor

or, if no payment is due, the payment of the premiums shall be a debt due.

Alterations to the terms of an insurance may be made either with the approval of the Authority or as

a result of general changes imposed by the insurance company with which the insurance policy is

effected

Both parties are to comply with any conditions of the insurance policies.

1.11 Indemnities

Each party is liable for and indemnifies the other against losses, expenses and claims for

loss or damage to physical property, personal injury, and death caused by his own acts or

omissions.





The party claiming indemnity is to take all reasonable steps to mitigate the loss or damage

which may occur.

The Contractor indemnifies the Authority against claims for damage caused by the

movement of his Equipment or Temporary Works outside the Site.

1.12 Queries about the Contract Data

The Authority is to give instructions clarifying queries about the Contract Data.

1.13 Contractor to Construct the Works

The Contractor is to design, supply; construct and install the Works in accordance with the

Specification and approved Drawings.

1.14 The Works to Be Completed by the Intended Completion Date

The Contractor may begin the Works on the Start Date and is to carry out the Works in

accordance with the program submitted by him, as updated with the approval of the Authority, and

complete them by the Intended Completion Date.

1.15 The Contractor’s Temporary Works

The Contractor is responsible for design and erection of Temporary Works on site(s) as

directed by the Authority. However the Authority’s direction does not alter the Contractor’s

responsibility for his design of the Temporary Works.

1.16 Safety of Personnel and Third Parties, and Prevention of Accidents

The Contractor is solely responsible for the safety, protection and security of his personnel,

third parties, the public at large, the Works, equipment and installation. Accordingly, the Contractor

shall comply faithfully with any and all pertinent laws, decrees, regulations and other ordinances

and shall, at his own expense, take all requisite protective measures to prevent and eliminate the

occurrence of accidents, loss or damage of any kind during the execution of the Works until the

Provisional Acceptance. The Contractor shall provide, erect and maintain all necessary barricades,

suitable and sufficient warning lights, danger signals and signs and shall take all necessary

precautions for protection of the Works and the safety of the public.





The Contractor shall at all times comply with any accident prevention regulations and any

safety regulations peculiar to the various trades employed on the Works and any safety regulations

published by the Government of Thailand or the Authority.

The Contractor shall be solely and exclusively responsible for any loss or damage, death or

injuries, resulting from the execution of the Works or in connection therewith, sustained by and

person or party. The Contractor shall at his own expense indemnify and save harmless the Authority

from any claims or court actions raised or instigated against them by any persons or parties for

loss, damage and injuries caused by the Contractor, his personal, his mechanical equipment and

materials of his Constructional Plant.

1.17 Discoveries

Anything of historical or other interest or of significant value unexpectedly discovered on the

Site is the property of the Authority. The Contractor is to notify the Authority of such discoveries and

carry out the Authority’s instructions for dealing with them.

1.18 Possession of the Site

The Authority is to give possession of all parts of the Site to the Contractor. If possession of

a part is not given by the date stated in the Contract Data the Authority is deemed to have delayed

the start of the site works.

1.19 Access to the Site

The Contractor is to allow the Authority and any person authorised by the Authority access

to the Site and to any place where work in connection with the Contract is being carried out or is

intended to be carried out.

1.20 Instructions

The Contractor shall carry out all instructions of the Authority which comply with the law of

the country in which the Site is located.





1.21 Resolution of Disputes

The Authority and the Contractor shall make every effort to resolve amicable by direct

informal negotiation any disagreement or dispute arising between them under or in connection with

the Contract.

If, after thirty (30) days from the commencement of such informal negotiations, the Authority

and the Contractor have been unable to resolve amicably a Contract dispute, either party may

require that the dispute be referred for resolution to the formal mechanisms specified in the

Contract Data. These mechanisms may include, but are not restricted to, conciliation mediated by a

third party, adjudication in an agreed national or international forum, and/or international arbitration.

The mechanism shall be specified in the Contract Data.

CHAPTER 2

TIME CONTROL





CHAPTER 2 TIME CONTROL

2.1 Program

Within the time stated in the Contract Data the Contractor shall submit to the Authority for his

approval a program showing the general methods, arrangements, order, and timing for all the

activities in the Works.

An update of the program is a program showing the actual progress achieved on each

activity and the effect of the progress achieved on the timing of the remaining work including any

changes to the sequence of the activities.

The Contractor to submit to the Authority, for approval, an updated program at intervals no

longer than the period stated in the Contract Data. If the Contractor does not submit an updated

program within this period, the Authority may withhold the next payment and continue to withhold

payment until the overdue program has been submitted.

The Authority’s approval of the program does not alter the Contractor’s obligations. The

Contractor may revise the program and submit it to the Authority again at any time.

2.2 Extension of Time for Completion

The Contractor may claim an extension of the Time for Completion if he is or will be delayed

in completing the Works by any of the following causes;

i. Negligence or Default on the part of the Authority or its agents and the Authority

ii. Alteration or addition to the Works

iii. Suspension of the Works on written direction of the Authority for reasons not by the

default of the Contract

iv. Force Majeure

v. Strikes other than among the Contractor’s own employees

vi. Lawful order by civil or military authorities

The Contractor shall give written notice to the Authority of his claim for an extension of time

within fifteen (15) days of the circumstances for such a claim becoming known to the Contractor.

Such claim shall include full supporting details.





Should the Authority consider such claim to be valid, it will grant such extension of time for

the completion of the Works or any part there of as may seem to be reasonable, without there by

prejudicing or in any manner affecting the validity of the Contract.

Other than claiming an extension of time for completion of the Works the Contractor shall not

have any further recourse of claim against the Authority, nor shall he have any right of action

against the Authority for loss or damage suffered by reason of such delay.

Evidence of the existence of an event of force majeure and its responsibility for the

Contractor’s failure to perform his contractual obligations is to be furnished by submitting a

corresponding certificate by the local chamber of commerce and the Royal Thai Embassy.

2.3 Delays Ordered by the Authority

The Authority may instruct the Contractor to delay the start or progress of any activity within

the Works.

2.4 Management Meetings

Either the Authority or the Contractor may require the other to attend a management

meeting. The business of a management meeting is to review the plans for remaining work and to

deal with matters raised in accordance with the early warning procedure.

The Authority is to record the business of management meetings and is to provide copies of

his record to those attending the meeting. The responsibility of the parties for actions to be taken is

to be decided by the Authority either at the management meeting or after the management meeting

and stated in writing to all who attended the meeting.

2.5 Early Warning

The Contractor is to warn the Authority at the earliest opportunity of specific likely future

events or circumstances which may adversely affect the quality of the work, or delay the Intended

Completion Date. The Authority may require the Contractor to provide an estimate of the expected

effect of the future event or circumstance on the Completion Date. The estimate is to be provided

by the Contractor as soon as reasonably possible.





The Contractor shall cooperate with the Authority in making and considering proposals for

how the effect of such an event or circumstance can be avoided or reduced by anyone involved in

the work and in carrying out any resulting instruction of the Authority.

CHAPTER 3

QUALITY CONTROL





CHAPTER 3 QUANLITY CONTROL

3.1 Quality Assurance Programme, Inspection and Shop Tests

3.1.1 Quality Assurance

The Contractor shall plan, establish, implement and maintain a documented quality

assurance programme, that utilises those organisational and functional disciplines necessary to

furnish impartial evidence of required quality throughout all phases of work under the Contract.

The programme shall emphasise the prevention of conditions adverse to quality and assure

prompt detection and correction of deficiencies. The Contractor is responsible for conduction at his

own expenses all activities effecting best quality in accordance with applicable criteria, codes,

standards, and recognized practices.

The quality assurance programme of the Contractor, his suppliers and subcontractors will

be subject to surveillance, inspection, evaluation and audit by the Authority, and/or Inspector(s), at

any time during the course of the programme. Such actions by or on behalf of the Authority shall

not relieve the Contractor of his responsibility for compliance with Contract requirements.

3.1.2 Inspections during Manufacture

All Goods furnished and all Works performed under this Contract shall be subject to

inspection by the Authority and/or Inspector(s) at the Authority’s option and expense. The Authority

reserves the right to inspect all Goods and materials during its manufacture or fabrication and prior

to its preparation for shipment.

In case that a part of the Goods is manufactured in the workshop of a third part, the

Contractor shall arrange that the Authority and/or Inspector(s) may freely and without hindrance

inspect and examine the Goods and may witness tests as if these were carried out in the

Contractor’s workshops.

Upon request the Contractor shall furnish documents, records, material samples,

information and other items required by the Authority and/or Inspector(s) to give impartial evidence,





that the Goods comply in all respect with the standards and requirements set forth in the Contract

Documents.

In particular, the Contractor shall furnish or provide access to:

- a list of the workshops, where the different parts of the Goods are manufactured;

- all orders for materials and equipment purchased by the Contractor for work under

the Contract;

- a detailed list of all sub-orders placed with sufficient information enabling the

Authority and/or Inspector(s) to check on proper compliance with the Contract,

including order number, supplier’s identity, equipment specifications, delivery and

dispatch dates, etc.;

- a list of Contractor’s drawings, updated at regular monthly intervals and indicating

the status of approval or revision and the corresponding schedule of tests of the

equipment mentioned in such drawings. The list shall also indicate the drawing

numbers and date of approval of each drawing.

At the time of inspection, evidence of drawing approval for the Goods to be inspected shall

be presented to the Authority and/or Inspector(s).

3.1.3 Shop Tests

The Contractor shall at his expenses execute the shop tests required by the Technical

Specifications in accordance with the provisions thereof and those of the applicable standards. The

Contractor shall also carry out at his own cost such other tests and inspections, as may be

necessary in the opinion of the Authority to demonstrate compliance with the Contract.

Where methods of tests are not specified in the standards, the Contractor shall submit to the

Authority for approval the methods by which he proposes to conduct the tests.

All equipment, materials and personnel necessary to perform the tests as prescribed in the

Specifications, shall be provided by the Contractor.





The Contractor shall prepare and submit for the approval by the Authority a plan of shop

tests with detailed particular requirements and specific acceptance criteria of all Goods, including:

- test and inspection procedure;

- guaranteed rated technical or design data;

- list of routine tests

- acceptance criteria and reference standards

- forms showing test results/data in comparison with the guaranteed data.

All permissible tolerances with respect to the dimensional control of assemblies and

subassemblies at shop shall be clearly indicated in the Contractor’s drawings.

In the event the results of the tests do not satisfy the requirements of the Technical

Specifications or the guaranteed performance, the Contractor shall improve the Goods until

satisfactory results are obtained and shall conduct all necessary retests at his own expense.

Any delay in delivery due to retesting shall not constitute a release of the Contractor from his

responsibility for delay. The expenses incurred by the Authority in attending these re-test shall be

borne by the Contractor.

If any test is ordered by the Authority to be carried out by an independent person, institute,

etc. at any place other than the place of manufacture or fabrication of the material and/or Goods to

be tested, then the cost of such test shall be borne by the Contractor if the test shown the design,

workmanship or materials not to be in accordance with the Contract or the Authority’s instructions,

however, otherwise such cost will be borne by the Authority.

In case the Contractor desires to use stock materials, he shall submit satisfactory evidence

to the Authority that such materials comply with the requirements of the Specifications, in which

case detailed tests on the materials may be waived.

The Authority shall have the right to delegate its employees, not as inspectors, to the

Contractor’s plant to witness the fabrication assembly and testing of any or all parts of the Goods

being furnished under the Contract. The purpose of such visit is to familiarise the Authority’s





personnel with Goods details and to assist them in future operations and maintenance. Travelling

expenses and the per diem of such employees shall be borne by the Authority.

3.1.4 Notification to the Authority of Tests and Inspections

The Contractor shall also identify the key test and inspection item to be witnessed by the

Authority. For such key tests and inspection items at least forty-five(45) calendar days advance

notification shall be made by the Contractor to the Authority in order that their representatives may

fulfil all of their duties.

The Authority shall inform the Contractor in due time of his decision to attend to any of the

above mentioned inspections and tests.

3.1.5 Material and Test Certification

The test reports relevant to the inspections and tests witnessed by the authorised

representatives shall be countersigned by both the Contractor and the Authority and/or

Inspector(s).

One copy of all test results recorded during such inspection visit shall be handed over to

the Authority and/or Inspector on that day. Additional copies of test certificates shall be submitted

to the Authority within three (3) weeks after completion of tests.

In the event that the inspection of any item is waived by the Authority, the Contractor shall

submit the result of the tests to the Authority for approval within three (3) weeks after completion of

tests.

3.1.6 Packing and Marking

Careful packing of all Goods supplied under the Contract is of utmost importance and is

subject to the control of the Authority and/or Inspector(s), so that the following aspects are

checked:





- packing design and markings;

- protection of contents against damage by mechanical shock moisture ingress and

adverse atmospheric conditions, corrosion, etc.

- quality of material, workmanship and manufacturing of packages.

3.1.7 Shop Assembly

Shop assembly to the largest extent feasible shall be performed by the Contractor to assure

proper fit of the various parts and to check the correctness of clearances, tolerances and

dimensions.

Parts thus assembled shall be matchmarked for reassembly on Site(s), prior to being

dismantled for shipment. The Contractor shall submit the explanatory drawings and a detailed

description of the intended shop assembly to the Authority

3.1.8 Final Inspections

No material or Goods shall be shipped from the point of original manufacture before all tests

and inspections have been carried out according to the Contract Documents, and/or certified

copies of the test and inspection reports, and/or Contractor’s guarantee have been accepted by

the Authority. The acceptance of any Goods prior to shipment shall in no way relieve the Contractor

of any of his responsibilities for meeting all the requirements of the Contract and the Specifications

and shall not prevent subsequent rejection, if such Goods are later found to be defective.

3.1.9 Warranty

The Contractor warrants that the Goods supplied under the Contract are new, unused, of

the most recent or current models and incorporate all recent improvements in design and materials

unless provided otherwise in the Contract. The Contractor further warrants that the Goods supplied

under this Contract shall have no defect arising from design, materials or workmanship or from any

act or omission of the Contractor, that may develop under normal use of the supplied Goods in the

conditions as specified.





3.2 Field Tests

3.2.1 Performance and Tests

During the erection and within a suitable period of time after completion of erection, the

Contractor shall, at his own expense, carry out field tests on the Works according to the

requirements of the Specifications. Should any of the results of the field tests prescribed in the

Specifications fail to meet the requirements of the Specifications, or if the Works do not meet the

guaranteed performance, the Authority may at his own volition and option, refuse acceptance of the

Works and require the Works to be repaired or replaced or make acceptance of the Works upon

reduction of the Contract Price.

The Contractor, however, shall be entitled to request a re-test within a period of time

designated by the Authority, in which event all cost of the re-test shall be borne by the Contractor.

3.2.2 List of Tests

The Contractor shall submit to the Authority for approval a complete list of all tests which

shall be carried out on the Site(s).

3.3 Corrections of Works

The Contractor shall promptly replace, repair, adjust, improve or correct, all Works rejected

by the Authority when failing to meet Contract requirements, whether incorporated in the Works or

not. The Contractor shall promptly replace and re-execute all works in accordance with the

Contract without expense to the Authority, and shall bear the expense of making good all Works of

any other parties destroyed or damaged by such removal or replacement.

Such correction, shall in no way relieve the Contractor of the obligation and duty to meet the

delivery and completion dates for the Works stipulated in the Contract Documents.

Failure or neglect of the Authority, and their representatives to reject such defective Works

shall not be construed to mean acceptance of the same and shall not relieve the Contractor of his

responsibility to execute the Works require by the Contract.

If the Contractor does not take action to replace and correct such rejected Works within

fourteen (14) days after written order and complete the same within reasonable time, as by the





Authority, the Authority may by contract or otherwise, replace or correct such Works and charge the

cost thereof to the Contractor by deducting the amount from payment due or from the Performance

Security, or terminate the Contract as provided for in Clause 5.5. If the Authority deems it

inexpedient to correct the Works the have been damaged or that were not done in accordance with

the Contract, an equitable deduction from the Contract Price shall be made therefore unless the

Contractor elects to correct the Works within a reasonable period fixed by the Authority.

The Authority shall have the right to require the Contractor to remove and replace or correct

all defective Works any time prior to the Final Acceptance of the Works or prior to expiration of any

guarantee provided in the Contract.

3.4 Examination of Work Before Covering-up

No work shall be covered up or put out of view without the approval of the Authority and the

Contractor shall afford full opportunity for the Authority to examine and measure any Works which

are about to be covered up or put out of view. The Contractor shall give due notice to the Authority

whenever any such work is ready or about to be ready for examination and the Authority will,

without unreasonable delay, unless he considers it unnecessary and advises the Contractor

accordingly, attend for the purpose of inspecting such Works.

3.5 Operation of Unsatisfactory Goods

If the operation or use of the Goods proves to be unsatisfactory to the Authority, the

Authority shall have the right to operate and use such Goods until they can be taken out of service

for correction or replacement by the Contractor.

CHAPTER 4

COST CONTROL





CHAPTER 4 COST CONTROL

4.1 Terms of Payment

The terms of payment shall be as stated in the Contract Data/Special Conditions.

4.2 Alterations, Additions, Omissions and Extra Work

The Authority may, at any time, instruct the Contractor to alter, amend, omit, add to or

otherwise vary and part of the Works to be performed or the Goods to be furnished under the

Contract. Alterations, additions, omissions and/or extra work may be authorised only by written

notice served by the Authority upon the Contractor.

Adjustment, if any, in the amounts to be paid to the Contractor by reason of any such

alteration, addition, or deduction, shall be determined by one or more os the following methods:

(1) By unit price contained in the Contract;

(2) By an acceptable lump sum or unit price proposed by the Contractor,

The Contractor shall promptly proceed with any work modified under the terms of this

Clause, as and when required, and any such work shall be performed to meet all appropriate

requirements of the Contract Documents.

4.3 Tax

The Authority is to adjust the Contract Price if taxes of the Kingdom of Thailand are changed

between the date 28 days before the submission of bids for the contract and the date of the

Provisional Acceptance certificate. The adjustment is to be the change in the amount of tax payable

by the Contractor, provided such changes are not already reflected in the Contract Price.

4.4 Liquidated Damages for delay

If the Contractor fails to meet any of the guaranteed provisional acceptance and completion

date (s) for each part of the work set forth in the Contract or any extension(s) of the time thereof

granted by the Authority as provided for in Clause 2.2, such failure shall be a default under the

Contract, for which the Contractor shall be liable for payment to the Authority as liquidated

damages, which shall not be construed as a penalty.





As accurate ascertainment and evaluation of actual daily damages caused to the Authority by such

default are considered impossible, the Contractor in lieu thereof agrees to pay to the Authority the

amount equivalent to zero point fifteen percent (0.15%) of the total Contract Price for the section of

the Works concerned for each day of delay until the actual date of completion.

The accumulated amount of the liquidated damages for delay in completion of the Works

shall be limited to ten percent (10%) of the total Contract Price for any section of the Works.

The Authority may, without prejudice to its other remedies under the Contract, deduct the

amount of such liquidated damages from any money in his hands due or which may become due to

the Contractor.

The term CIF (Definition given by Incoterms. 1990) used in the Contract Documents does

not limit the full responsibility of the Contractor for damages and/or delays of the Goods and

Services due to transportation, customs clearance and/or any other activity related to the Goods

and Services until the last Final Acceptance.

4.5 Advance payment

The Authority is to make advance payment to the Contractor of the amounts stated in the

Terms of Payment and on the dates stated in the contract Data, against provision by the Contractor

of an unconditional bank guarantee in a form and by any bank operating in Thailand acceptable to

the Authority, in amounts and currencies equal to the advance payment. The guarantee shall

remain effective until the time stated in the Terms of Payment.

4.6 Performance Securities

The performance security in an amount equivalent to 10 percent of the Contract price is to

be provided to the Authority on Contract signing and is to be issued in a form and by any bank

operating in Thailand, acceptable to the Authority, and denominated in the types and proportions of

the currencies in which the Contract Price is payable.

If there is no reason to call the performance security, the performance security is to be

returned by the Authority within 14 days of the issue of the Final Acceptance Certificate.





The Authority is to notify the Contractor of any claim made against the institution issuing the

security.

The Authority may claim against the surety if any of the following occurs:

(a) the Contractor is in breach of the Contract and the Authority has notified him that he is

; and

(b) the Contractor has not paid an amount due to the Authority.

4.7 Cost of Repairs

Loss or damage to the Works or materials to be incorporated in the Works is to be rectified

by the Contractor at the Contractor’s cost if the loss or damage arises from the Contractor’s acts or

omissions.

4.8 Royalties and Patents

The Contractor shall pay all royalties and license fees, and shall save harmless and

indemnify the Authority their officers, agents and employees against liability including costs and

expenses for infringement of any patent rights or other protected rights arising out of the

performance of this Contract.

4.9 Import Duties and Taxes paid by the Authority

The Authority will procure all the necessary permits and licenses for import into the Kingdom

of Thailand, and will pay all costs for customs clearances and import duties and taxes imposed by

the Kingdom of Thailand at the port of entry on the Goods, which are to be supplied by the

Contractor and imported into the Kingdom of Thailand to be permanently used and installed in the

Works under the Contract.

The invoice made out for each shipment shall indicate the actual and correct value of the

Goods in accordance with the Contract Price for the items included in the shipment. The

Contractor shall be held responsible for compensation or reimbursement to the Authority if he

import duties and taxes paid on the whole invoices for importation of the Goods shall exceed the

total import duties and taxes required by the total Contract Price for CIF-Goods, the taxes and

duties levied by the Kingdom of Thailand remaining unchanged.





4.10 Import Duties and taxes paid by the Contractor

The Contractor shall pay withholding tax in Thai currency under the laws of the Kingdom of

Thailand of one percent 1% of the Contract Price to the Thai Authority concerned, through the

Authority. In the case of CIF Goods, the Contractor shall pay one percent (1%) withholding tax to

the Authority within (15) calendar days after shipment of the Goods. Meanwhile, for the one percent

(1%) withholding tax for the local Goods, Goods of foreign origin already located in Thailand,

Transporation, Construction and Erection, the Authority will deduct such tax from each payment to

the Contractor.

The Authority will not pay import duty and taxes on either the personal effects of the

Contractor’s employees, such as personal articles household furnishings and appliances, and

goods of any kind imported for the personal use of the Contractor’s employees, whether imported

by an employee or by the Contractor, or with respect to food, tobacco, liquor and other commissary

goods, imported by the Contractor or by his employees.

Construction and erection equipment, tools, instruments and machinery imported for the

purpose of carrying out the construction, installation testing and commissioning of the Works at the

Site(s) under the Contract, if intended to be re-exported, can be temporarily exempted from import

duties and taxes.

The Authority will assist the Contractor for such temporary exemption of import duties and

taxes by issuing a letter confirming such temporary import. Import duties and taxes for the

temporarily imported equipment shall be paid to the Customs Department before reexportation of

the equipment at the rate of one (1%) percent per month of the total amount of import duties and

taxes as assessed by the Customs Department at the time of importation for the whole period the

equipment has been imported into the kingdom of Thailand. Temporary importation of such

equipment is subject to approval by the Customs Department and the deposit of a bond with the

Customs Department in full amount of the assessed import duties and taxes. The cost of provision

of the bond shall be borne by the Contractor.

4.11 Export Charges

Any tariffs, duties and other taxes or charges levied by countries other than Thailand for the

equipment and/or materials and personal effects required for the performance under the Contract

shall be paid by the Contractor.

CHAPTER 5

FINISHING THE CONTRACT





CHAPTER 5 FINISHING THE CONTRACT

5.1 Completion

The Authority is to issue a Provisional Acceptance Certificate to the Contractor when the

Authority decides that the work is completed.

5.2 Taking Over

The Authority takes over the Site and the Works within seven days of the Authority issuing a

Provisional Acceptance Certificate. However the title of ownership for the Works under this contract

shall be passed to the Authority at the time the Works are covered by partial payments.

5.3 Operating and maintenance Manuals

If operating and maintenance Manuals are required the Contractor shall supply them by the

date stated in the Contract Data.

5.4 Operating training at site(s)

The Contractor’s Supervisor shall instruct the Authority’s nominated staff in the operation

and maintenance of the Works.

Such instructions shall be on the Site(s) and shall include lectures and demonstrations as

required. The Contractor shall satisfy himself and the Authority, that the Authority’s staff are fully

capable of operating and maintaining the Works before leaving the Site(s). The cost of these

services shall be included in the Contract Price

5.5 Termination or Suspension of Contract by the Authority

The Authority, at its sole discretion, shall be entitled to terminate or suspend in whole or in

part the Contract at any time prior to the completion thereof.

Upon receipt of written notice of the Authority’s intention to suspend or suspend or terminate

the Contract, the Contractor shall forthwith cease all operations other than these which in the

opinion of the Authority are necessary to be continued. The Contractor shall, at the same time, take

all resonable steps to cancel his commitments for materials and other requirements relevant to the

Works.





In the event of termination or suspension, the Contractor shall be entitled to reimbursement at a

mutually agreed rate for any actual, reasonable and necessary expenses caused by such

suspension or termination

5.6 Default and Forfeiture of Contract

IF the Contractor should:

a) fail to carry out the Works in accordance with the Contract; or

b) refuse or fail to prosecute the Works or any separable part of it with such diligence as

will ensure its completion within the times specified in the Contract or any authorized

variation of such time or fail to complete said Works within such time; or

c) commit any breach of or fail to comply with or observe any of the provisions of the

Contract; or

d) notify the Authority in writing that he is unable or unwilling to complete the Works; or

e) become bankrupt or insolvent, or has a receiving order made against him or

compounds with his creditors, or carries on business under a receiver, trustee or

manager for the benefit of his creditors or goes into liquidation whether compulsory or

voluntary; or

f) himself or by any person on his behalf, give or offer any money or benefit to any

employee of the Authority who has duties or responsibilities in connection with the

acceptance of the Bid or the making of the Contract or the execution of the Works; or

g) assign the Contract or subcontract the whole of the Works or any part of it without the

written consent of the Authority;

then, in any of such events, the Contractor shall be in default under the Contract, and the

Authority may take one or more of the following actions that it considers appropriate:

(1) Suspend payments under the Contract until the default has been rectified;

(2) Cancel or terminate the Contract in whole or in part;

(3) Take that part of the Works, in respect of which the delay or default has Occurred, out

of the hands of the Contractor or any of his Subcontractors;

(4) Reduce the Contract Price to an amount equal to the actual value of the Goods as

actually delivered. The Contractor shall be liable for all losses or damages, caused by

default under the terms of the Contract, including but not limited to increased costs and





increased administration costs, suffered by the Authority as a result of the Contractor’s

default. The Contractor shall have no claim for payment with respect to the Works

thereafter performed.

All such damages maybe recovered by the Authority from the Contractor in any court in

Thailand, or without prejudice to that right by deduction from any money due or becoming due to

the Contractor under the Contract, and/or from any security deposited. The Authority may exercise

any or all of the foregoing rights to the extent necessary to satisfy the full amount of any obligations

of the Contractor.

5.7 Force Majeure

The term Force Majeure n means any circumstances completely beyond the control of

either Party, including but not limited to:

(a) war and other hostilities, (whether war be declared or not), invasion, act of foreign

enemies, mobilisation, requisition or embargo;

(b) rebellion, revolution, insurrection, military or usurped power and civil war;

(c) ionising radiation or contamination by radio-activity from nuclear fuel or nuclear waste;

(d) riot, commotion or disorder, except where solely restricted to employees of the

Contractor and of his Subcontractors.

Neither party shall be considered to be in default or in breach of his obligations under the

Contract to the extent that performance of such obligations is prevented by any circumstances of

Force Majeure which arise after the date the Contract becomes effective.

If either Party considers that any circumstances of Force Majeure have occurred which may

affect performance of his obligations, he shall promptly notify in writing to the other Party and the

Authority of such condition and the cause thereof.

Upon the occurrence of any circumstances or Force Majeure the Contractor shall

endeavour to continue to perform his obligations under the Contract so far as reasonably

practicable. The Contractor shall notify the Authority of the steps he proposes to take including any

reasonable alternative means for performance which is not prevented by Force Majeure. The

Contractor shall not take any such steps unless directed so to do by the Authority.





5.8 Shipping Documents

The Contractor who will supply Goods manufactured outside the territory of Thailand must

urgently forward to the Procurement Division of the authority by Registered Express Air Mail for

Customs clearing 5 sets of the following documents:

(1) Non-Negotiable Clean on Board, Bill of Lading stating Consignee’s name1)

1)To order of Kung Thai Bank Ltd. Samyod Branch, marked “Freight prepaid” Notify

“Provincial Electricity Authority”

(2) Signed Invoices stating Brand or Trade Mark of commodities, C.I.F value, Unit Price

and Net Weight, of each item, including details required by H.M Customs.

(3) Packing List, stating quantity of commodities, weight & measurement of each packing.

(4) Certificate of Origin.

The above documents must reach the Procurement Division of the Authority not less than

ten (10) days before the vessel’s arrival.

The Contractor is required to submit the shipping documents as stated in the letter of credit

to the beneficiary’s bank within 3 days after the Goods has been shipped.

All costs such as Godown Rent, etc., which are incurred due to the failure of the Contractor

to fulfil the mentioned requirements shall be borne by the Contractor.

Each package or crate shall be clearly marked to show the contents and gross weight and

shall contain a copy of the packing list in a waterproof envelope. Each package or crate shall be

tagged or labelled as follows:

(1) Purchaser

(2) Port of entry (as designated in the contract)

(3) Package numbers in sequence (see below), and other symbols (as specified in he

Contract)

(4) Letter of Purchase Contract Number

(5) Name of the Project





(6) Net and gross weights, cubic measurement

(7) Description of contents as per Purchase Contract

(8) Package mark (see stated figures A,B,C below)

All boxes, crates, cases, bundles, etc. shall be numbered by the Contractor to designate

the package and total number of the packages being shipped; for example; I/5; 2/5; 3/5; 4/5; 5/5;

the first figure designating the package number and the second figure the total number of

packages in the shipment.

5.9 Shipping and Transportation

The Contractor shall be responsible for the costs of loading, transporting, shipping and

unloading of the Goods to be supplied under the Contract form the point of manufacture to the

wharf at the port of arrival. Customs clearance will be carried out by the Authority. The Contractor

whenever notified by the Authority must take delivery of Goods immediately from the wharf to the

places of storage at the Site(s)

All Goods to be shipped, shall be satisfactorily packed by the Contractor for ease of

handling and for ocean shipment in the tropics;

To avoid damage during transport including road transport and for sheltered storage in the

Authority’s warehouse under hot, humid and dusty conditions over twelve(12) months.

Shipment shall be under deck, except for such equipment and materials, which for

dimensional reasons, cannot be stored in the vessel’s hold.

In case equipment and materials cannot be stored in the vessel’s hold, permission shall be

obtained from the Authority prior to shipping such Goods on deck

The Contractor shall in any case be responsible for proper packing and for protection of

such equipment and materials shipped on deck of vessels

In the event of containerised shipment, there will be CFS (container freight station) charges

or the cost of stripping off the container at the port of arrival.





The CFS charges shall be for the Contractor’s account and shall be prepaid at the rates

indicated by the shipping company.

The cost of repairing all damages to the Goods incurred due to e.g. improper packing shall

be at the Contractor’s own expenses.

All Goods shall be shipped on conference line or on seaworthy ocean-going vessels not

more than fifteen(15) years old.

Vessels more than fifteen (15) years old shall not be used for shipment under the Contract,

unless they have been registered as a class vessel in Lloyd’s Register or other equivalent register.

In case the Goods offered and required under the Contract for the execution of local

transportation, construction and erection works are Goods imported from outside Thailand by the

Contractor, such Goods shall be’ shipped by Thai vessels or Thai flag vessels provided that those

are available according to Notification issued by the Minister of Communications, the Contractor

must make arrangements for the shipment of such goods to Thailand by Thai vessels or vessels

which enjoy the rights similar to Thai vessels, unless permission has been obtained from the Office

of Mercantile Marine Promotion Commission before that Goods are carried by non-Thai vessels.

The following marks must be clearly visible on the package:





A. ………………..

BANGKOK

MADE IN………………….

No…………………………..

B. HANDLE WITH CARE

C. THIS SIDE UP

5.10 Bank Accounts

The Contractor shall, within thirty (30) days after the date of the receipt of the Letter of

Intent, nominate to the Financing Agency and the Authority the bank accounts for payments.

5.11 Provisional Acceptance Certificate

After completion of the Works, including all pertinent auxiliaries and ancillaries, the

Contractor may request in writing that a Provisional Acceptance be issued. A pre-requisite for such

request is that the entire Works have been subjected to field-tests and commissioning.

When the Authority are satisfied that the whole Works are finished and have established that

the individual components are impeccable in all respects and fulfil the stipulated conditions, and

after any defects that may have come to light have been remedied, the Authority will issue a

Provisional Acceptance Certificates for the Works or Section of the Works and the Works will be

construed to have been provisionally accepted by the Authority based on the relevant written

certificate. The Authority will issue one Provisional Acceptance Certificate for each Section of the

Works.

The issue of the Provisional Acceptance Certificate shall be conditioned to the delivery and

approval (when required) of all the drawings and data for the respective works.

5.12 Maintenance Guarantee

The Contractor shall submit to the Authority a maintenance Guarantee in the amount of ten

percent (10%) of the Contract Price of Works or each Section of the Works.

The Maintenance Guarantee shall be issued by a bank operating in Thailand and

acceptable to the Authority and with a provision, that the effective period of the Maintenance





Guarantee shall automatically be extended at the Contractor’s expenses in case of the situations

stipulated in Clause 5.13. A form of Maintenance Guarantee acceptable to the Authority is shown in

SECTION 3.

5.13 Maintenance Guarantee Period

a) The Contractor shall guarantee the proper functioning of the Works for a period of one

(1) year from the dates immediately following the date(s) of Provisional Acceptance

provided Clause 5.11. Provided however, that any malfunctioning and/or latent defect

should be found in the Works during the said period, and such malfunctioning and/or

defective portion be repaired or replaced as stipulated in Item c) and d) hereinafter,

then the guarantee period for such portion shall be extended for one (1) year from the

date of the completion of such repair or replacement. The premium for the maintenance

guarantee shall be paid by the Contractor.

The guarantee period for civil works will be terminated upon the initial one year maintenance

guarantee period.

b) On the expiration of the maintenance guarantee period and if the Works is functioning

normally, the Contractor shall thereafter be released from all obligations and

responsibilities under the Contract, and the Performance Bond will be released and

returned to the Contractor.

At the end of the Maintenance Guarantee period, the Authority will issue a Final Acceptance

Certificate.

c) If during the guarantee period the Authority finds any malfunctioning and/or defect in

the Works, the Authority shall inform the Contractor thereof, stating in writing the nature

of the defect, and the Contractor shall promptly commence to repair and make good

or replace such malfunctioning and/or defect at no cost to the Authority and finalise the

same within a period acceptable to the Authority.

The Contractor shall provide sufficient and suitable personnel to supervise efficiently all

work carried out under the Contract during the Maintenance Guarantee Period.





c) If, after the repair or replacement performed in accordance with this Clause, such

works continue to show malfunctioning and/or defect, the Authority may, at its option,

demand further repair or replacement, and reserves the right to claim for damages

arising therefrom.

d) If the Contractor fails to take action for starting up the necessary work for repair or

replacement within fourteen (14) days after receipt of the Authority’s written notice of

defect, such defect will be corrected by the Authority or any third party selected by the

Authority at its discretion and the cost of the correction shall be on the responsibility

and account of the Contractor.

5.14 Publications, Pictures and Visitors to Site

Publicising the Works or any part thereof without the prior written approval by the Authority,

in the form of announcements, advertisements or publications, either verbal or in writing, or

pictures, movies or in any other manner, is prohibited.

No visitors are allowed to the Site(s) or any of the Works without prior approval by the

Authority in writing.

5.15 Property

All materials on the Site, Plant, Equipment owned by the Contractor, Temporary Works, and

Works are deemed to be the property of the Authority and are at his disposal if the Contract is

terminated because of a fundamental breach of Contract by the Contractor.

SECTION 2

PROJECT COST

Final Report


Section 2 Project Cost

Study and Design for Cassava Rhizome-fired Pilot Power Plant

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency

No. Description

Material & Labor

On-shore

Delivery (THB)

Price for Other

Arrangement

(THB)

Total Price

(THB)

1 Main Equipment 459,030,000 459,030,000 1.1 Steam Boiler 191,290,000 191,290,000

1.2 Steam Turbine, Generator, Condenser &

Cooling Tower

267,740,000 267,740,000

2 Fuel Handling System 15,100,000 15,100,000 3 Balance of Plant 28,659,000 28,659,000

3.1 Combussion Air System 7,800,000 7,800,000

3.2 Steam System 1,800,000 1,800,000

3.3 Feed Water System 9,100,000 9,100,000

3.4 Cooling Water System 2,100,000 2,100,000

3.5 Compressed Air System 6,429,000 6,429,000

3.6 Start-up Fuel System 1,430,000 1,430,000

4 Flue Gas Treatment System 9,450,000 9,450,000

5 Piping 6,200,000 6,200,000

6 Control Valves, Valves & Accessory 8,500,000 8,500,000

7 Water Treatment Plant 6,100,000 6,100,000

8 Wastewater Treatment 1,500,000 1,500,000

9 Fire Protection System 3,700,000 3,700,000

10 Electrical Work & Supply 40,500,000 40,500,000

11 Civil Work & Supply 38,000,000 38,000,000

12 Erection, Installation & Testing 2,800,000 2,800,000

13 Start up & Commissioning 2,500,000 2,500,000

14 Miscellaneous 1,400,000 1,400,000

15 Engineering 8,000,000 8,000,000

16 Project & Site Management 15,000,000 15,000,000

17 Overhead & Profit 96,965,850 96,965,850

GRAND TOTAL 646,439,000 743,404,850

GHD (Thailand) Co., Ltd.\\LINUX_SERVER\MEP_Design\604708- \ \ \SECTION 3 SCOPE OF WORKS.doc

3/3 Consultants of Technology Co., Ltd.

SECTION 3

SCOPE OF WORKS



Section 3 Scope of Works Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency

GHD (Thailand) Co., Ltd. Page 1 of 38 Consultants of Technology Co., Ltd. K:\KC\ \ \- 2549 \2-4 \SECTION 3 SCOPE OF WORKS.doc

SECTION 3

SCOPE OF WORKS

CONTENT

CHAPTER 1 General

CHAPTER 2 Terminal Points

CHAPTER 3 Piling

CHAPTER 4 Quality Assurance

CHAPTER 5 Documentation

CHAPTER 6 Commissioning and Tests on Completion

CHAPTER 7 Training

CHAPTER 8 Recommended Spares for Three Years

Operation

CHAPTER 9 Performances Guarantees

CHAPTER 10 Design Criteria

CHAPTER 11 Standards

CHAPTER 12 Vendors List

CHAPTER 13 Specifically Guaranteed Characteristics

CHAPTER 1

GENERAL





CHAPTER 1 GENERAL

The Scope of Works shall include all equipment, buildings, services, and works which are

necessary for proper and safe operation and maintenance of the Plant, at part load, full

load, start-up and stop and load changes.

The scope of work shall include engineering/design, manufacturing, delivery, transport,

erection, commissioning, training, test run, and complete documentation.

CHAPTER 2

TERMINAL POINTS





CHAPTER 2 TERMINAL POINTS

2.1 Mechanical process;

Fuel supply: Receiving Pit

Ash: Storage Container

Fly Ash: Ash Handling System Outlet

Water supply: Boundary Line

Flue gas: Stack

Fuel Oil: Storage Tank

2.2 Electric Power Systems;

Electrical power output: Upside connection points of 11/22 kV Step-Up

Transformer

External power supply: 22 kV busbar chamber between the incoming

transformer circuit breaker and the two (2) outgoing

feeder circuit breakers.

2.3 Civil Works;

Rain water drain system: Boundary Line

Industrial sewage system: Boundary Line

Sanitary sewage system: Boundary Line

CHAPTER 3

PILING





CHAPTER 3 PILING

If piling deemed to be necessary after soil investigation has been undertaken this shall be

the obligation of the Authority. However the design of poling shall be the responsibility of

the Contractor.

CHAPTER 4

QUALITY ASSURANCE





CHAPTER 4 QUALITY ASSURANCE

4.1 Quality policy

Technical excellence, high quality products and proficient service will be

characteristics of the Contractor.

The relationship between the Authority and the Contractor’s employees will

provide the Authority with the confidence that the products and services provided

meet the required specification through efficient and effective solutions. The

Contractor and its employees will at all times respect the Authority’s wishes in

respect of confidentiality and security.

4.2 Quality system

The Contractor’s Quality Assurance System covers all the Contractor’s activities

for the supply of conversion plants together with other equipment and services.

The purpose of this summary is to provide the Authority with an understanding of

the Contractor’s Quality Assurance policies and systems, and the extent to which

they operate.

The details of the Quality Assurance System for the Contractor are set out in the

Quality Assurance Manual which, in general, meets the requirements of ISO 9001.

The Contractor is approved in accordance with ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel

Code, section I S-stamp for design only.

4.3 Organization

The Contractor has appointed a Quality Assurance Manager who continuously will

supervise that the system is followed in the organization and will report directly to

the Managing Director. The Quality Assurance function is recognized as being an

essential part of the Contractor organization.





4.5 Contract review

To ensure consistency, fairness and good communication, the Contractor has a

procedure for contract review. The procedure provides for a fully managed review

and approval process for all inquiries, hids and contracts.

4.6 Design control

To ensure that design and development are professionally carried out and

managed, the Contractor has implemented a design control system. The system is

essential to ensure that the design meets the needs of the Authority and any

regulatory of statutory requirements.

4.7 Document control

All quality related documents are controlled in a carefully prescribed manner. This

routine ensures that paperwork conforms to agreed standards, is available where

quality related operations are performed and systematically reviewed.

4.8 Purchasing

The Contractor maintains a list of approved suppliers.

The Contractor operates a control routine that ensures that all procurement is

carried out in accordance with Contractor procedures. The routine includes the

assessment of suppliers, checking of quality and production plans and necessary

inspections at suppliers works.

The Procedure includes arrangements to satisfy the Authority’s requirements and

his inspections during manufacture where this has been requested.





4.8 Authority supplied product

Products supplied by the Authority which are to be incorporated into the design

items supplied by the Contractor, will be treated with the same care and attention

as the Contractor’s own products.

4.9 Identification of components

The Contractor uses a product identification and tracing system to ensure that all

parts, components and materials are clearly unidentified during manufacturing,

delivery and installation.

4.10 Process control

Process control procedures cover all quality affecting activities during

manufacturing, installation and support services. Typically these procedures

would include welding codes and specifications.

4.11 Inspection and testing

The quality control Procedures are designed to ensure that all inspections and

tests are properly planned executed and documented. These procedures cover

the receipt of materials and components, manufacturing and final inspections and

tests both at the works and on site.

4.12 Process control

Process control procedures cover all quality affecting activities during

manufacturing, installation and support services. Typically these procedures

would include welding codes and specifications.





4.13 Inspection and testing

The quality control procedures are designed to ensure that all inspections and

tests are properly planned, executed and documented. These procedures cover

the receipt of materials and components, manufacturing and final inspections and

tests both at the works and on site.

Formal inspections and tests that require accreditation are carried out by

authorized companies.

4.14 Inspection-, measuring- and test equipment

The Contractor will provide equipment for measurements and tests.

The procedures cover the handling, identification and maintenance of instruments.

4.15 Inspection and test status

Special procedures are used to identify the inspection and test status of all

materials, manufactured parts and equipment throughout the various stages of

manufacture and installation.

4.16 Control of non-conforming products

The Contractor segregates and documents all items tat do not comply with the

required standard for remedial action. The procedures cover all activities through

the workshops and on site.

4.17 Corrective action

The Contractor investigates the cause of all non-conforming materials,

components and manufactured items and takes all necessary steps to prevent re-

occurrence.





4.18 Handling, storing, packing and delivery

The Contractor’s procedures cover the actions required to prevent damage to, or

deterioration of, materials and components during storage, handling, packing and

delivery to site.

4.19 Quality assurance records

The Contractor has established routines for the identification, collection indexing,

storing, maintenance and disposition of all records relating to quality including

relevant sub-contractor records.

When agreed, under the terms of the contract, the quality records will be made

available for inspection by the Authority or his representative for an agreed period.

When agreed, under the terms of the contract, the quality records will be made

available for inspection by the Authority of his representative for and agreed

period.

4.20 Internal quality audits

The Contractor will carry out internal quality assurance audits in order to check the

overall performance and whether quality activities comply with the system.

4.21 Training

The Contractor has established routines for identifying the training needs of all

staff involved in quality affecting activities and provides the necessary training.

4.22 Servicing

The Contractor assurance procedures include procedures for performing and

verifying that servicing meet the specified requirements.

CHAPTER 5

DOCUMENTATION





CHAPETR 5 DOCUMENTATION

5.1 Introduction

The documentation system has been designed to provide the Authority and his

operating personnel with a complete manual, describing the plant in full and

providing the information to operate and maintain the equipment supplied by

Contractor in an optimum and safe way.

The documentation system is arranged to address the needs of different

categories of operations personnel. The documentation provides all the necessary

information for the operation of the equipment properly and safely.

The documentation system is also well adapted for project control and

coordination from award of contract to hand-over to the Authority. The system

allows for all design data to be combined with details of equipment supplied in

each phase of the project, including mode of operation and control.

Finally, the documentation provides details of information that will allow repair and

maintenance work to be properly carried out as and when required.

5.2 DOCUMENTATION STRUCTURE

5.2.1 FILE O

General documentation

This chapter contains overall documents such as plant specification, block

diagrams, list of suppliers, drawing formats, list of systems. The documentation is

aimed at all categories of personnel in the plant organization.





5.2.2 FILE A

System documentation

This chapter sets out system functions, design conditions, process and

instrumentation diagrams.

5.2.3 FILE B

Electrical, Control, Instrumentation and Communication

Documentation

This chapter contains the electrical documentation set out on a plant level and

includes plant circuit diagrams, single line diagrams, cubicle documentation,

telecommunication systems. The documentation is intended primarily for

operations and maintenance personnel, but is also suitable for those involved in

any likely future design revisions.

5.2.4 FILE C

Equipment Documentation

This chapter sets out the documentation required for the care and maintenance of

the plant components and equipment.

5.2.5 FILE D

Mechanical and Electrical Installation Documentation

All installation documentation, covering both mechanical and electrical installation

for all systems, including the flue gas cleaning and cooling system, has been

assembled in this chapter. The documentation is aimed primarily at design

personnel, but is also suitable for maintenance personnel.





5.2.6 FILE E

Operation Instructions

This chapter contains all information regarding the plant’s operation.

5.2.7 FILE F

Spare Parts

This chapter sets out recommended spare parts. The documentation is intended

for maintenance personnel, purchasing and stores personnel.

5.2.8 FILE K

Inspection and Test Documentation

This chapter sets out the tests and inspections which are to be carried out in the

workshops and on site during the construction of the plant and its completion.

5.2.9 FILE P

Commissioning

This chapter sets out the function and system tests which will have to be

performed during the commissioning of the plant.

5.2.10 FILE U

Civil Works and Building Documentation

This chapter sets out the design and construction of the buildings.





5.2.11 FILE X

Plant Index

A list of all function - arranged components.

5.2.12 FILE T

Training Documentation

This chapter contains documentation used for the training of plant personnel.

5.3 DOCUMENTATION TO BE REVIEWED

In order to meet the project programme it is necessary to operate a speedy and

efficient method of reviews of project documentation (drawings, test plans etc.)

Conceptual design and plant lay out drawings shall be reviewed by the Authority.

To achieve this it is intended that the detailed list of drawings and documents that

are to be subject of formal review the Authority is confirmed at an early stage and

that special arrangements are made specifically for the review process.

5.4 DOCUMENTS TO BE REVIEWED

The project programme is based on formal review of the following documents:

5.4.1 Civil works

Principal Design Criteria

Overall site layout

Building general arrangements

Building architecture

Roads/Landscape





The remaining civil works documentation such as plant foundations, reinforcement

detail, underground works, cable ducts, building structural designs and

fabrication drawing will not be subject to formal review but will form part of the final

documentation dossier.

5.4.2 Mechanical works


Overall process flow diagram

Fuel handling and storage system process flow diagram

Cooling system process flow diagram

Water treatment plant process flow diagram

Compressed air process flow diagram

Fire protection process flow diagram

HVAC process flow diagram

Overall plant layout

Boiler general arrangement

Steam Turbine general arrangement

Basic design details of:

Boiler system

Combustion air system

Flue gas system

Flue gas cleaning system

Ash handling system

Additive systems

Steam and condensate system

The remaining mechanical works documentation such as pipework detail

proprietary equipment details, etc. will not be subject to formal review but will form

part of the final documentation dossier.





5.4.3 Electrical works


System studies

Single line diagrams

Cable block diagrams

Overall equipment layouts

Switchboard general arrangements

The remaining electrical works documentation such as cable schedules,

schematic diagrams, cable termination diagrams, installation detail, etc. will not

be subject to formal review but will form part of the final documentation dossier.

5.4.4 Control and Instrumentation


Control philosophy

System architecture drawings

Overall equipment layouts

Control panel general arrangement drawings

The remaining C & I documentation such as cable schedules, equipment

diagrams and cable loop diagrams, cable termination diagrams, installation

details, etc., will not be subject to formal review but will form part of the final

documentation dossier.

5.4.5 Commissioning

Commissioning plan

System commissioning test documentation

Detail test sheets will not be subject to formal review but will be included in the

final documentation dossier.

CHAPTER 6

COMMISSIONING AND TESTS ON

COMPLETION





CHAPTER 6 COMMISSIONING AND TESTS ON COMPLETION

6.1 Commissioning

The Contractor shall be responsible for carrying out all the commissioning work

associated with bringing all the plant to a condition where it is ready to undergo

the tests on completion.

All commissioning tests shall be carried out in accordance with relevant

Standards and the commissioning test procedures, scope and details contained

in the Contractors specification and drawings and those developed during the

implementation of the project.

Commissioning tests shall include, but not be limited to, tests on individual items

or sub–units for correct operation including setting of limits, operating points,

sequence operation etc, tests and required adjustments on the units, auxiliaries

and ancillary systems to verify correct functioning and operation; and tests and

adjustments as required to prove the correct functioning of all fire and safety

systems and controls.

All test activities and results shall be logged by the Contractor in a suitable format.

6.2 Test on Completion

A test run shall be carried out after the commissioning tests described above have

been completed.

The reliability of the plant together with its associated ancillary systems shall be

proved by running under normal operation as decided by the Authority for a

period of not less than 21 consecutive days.

Limited periods of outage as described below will be permitted during the test run

and if for reasons beyond the reasonable control of the Contractor the test is





interrupted, the tests shall resume after the interruption as if the interruption had

not occurred.

The test run shall be carried out until a period of 21 consecutive days with a

maximum of three outages with a total duration of not more than thirty hours has

been demonstrated.

Outages due to minor component failures which clearly and easily can be

corrected and which are not of a system functional nature shall be disregarded.

6.3 Performance Tests

The Contractor shall carry out performance tests to determine that the plant

complies with the guaranteed performance levels.

The performance tests shall be carried out during the test run described above.

Not later than four months prior to the date of the performance tests the Contractor

shall submit to the Authority for a review a performance and test procedure giving

full details of the tests, calculations, corrections used an measurement tolerances,

together with all appropriate specifications and drawings.

The performance test shall be witnessed by the Authority and/or the Authority’s

Representative.

The performance test shall be considered successful if the performance achieved

meets, as a minimum, the performance levels defined.

CHAPTER 7

TRAINING





CHAPTER 7 TRAINING

7.1 General

The proposal provides for the training of the Authority’s operations and

maintenance staff. The training programme will be organized to provide a sound

knowledge about the plant and will cover all aspects of the plant operation and

maintenance requirements. This will ensure the equipment supplied is operated in

a safe and reliable fashion whilst taking into account its expected performance.

It is assumed that the individuals selected by the Authority to participate in the

training porgramme will have a adequate education and experience background

to be able to assimilate the training programme. However, the particulars of the

training programme may be adapted to suit the specific requirements of the

Authority, specifically to fit the intended plant organization and management

structure. It is assumed that the Authority will actively participate in such

adaptation and in the implementation of the training programme.

It is anticipated that the following groups of personnel will participate in the trining

programme:

Plant manager

Operations managers

Maintenance mangers

Shift engineers

Control room operators

Plant technicals

Maintenance technicians for mechanical equipment

Maintenance technicians for electrical equipment.





7.2 TRAINING PROGRAMME

The training programme will comprise three elements

- Theoretical

- Practical

- Special courses (to be agreed)

The programme will include optional visits to manufacturer’s works to observe

manufacturing and delivery test activities.

Experience demonstrates that a trouble-free start of commercial operations is

greatly facilitated if plant management and staff actively associate with the plant

from an early stage of commissioning activities. Such participation and gradual

take-over of responsibility is encouraged within the framework of the training

progarmme.

The Contractor shall submit a programme for the training four (4) months prior to

the start of training.

7.3 DOCUMENTATION

The Contractor will supply the following documentation and training material.

7.3.1 Theoretical course

Plant information (function descriptions of individual systems)

Maintenance requirements (studies of processes, components, instructions and

maintenance routines)

7.3.2 Practical instructions and training

Commissioning (inspection, system and plant tests)

Test on completion





Performance test

Trouble shooting

Maintenance (process and components)

7.4 SCOPE

The extent of the theoretical training for process and mechanical systems will be

based on the technical design of the plant and on consultations with the Authority.j

The material used for the training programme will reflect the needs of the plant

through its life expectancy.

The training will be conducted during a 3 week period at the Plant.

7.4.1 Theoretical course

Plant layout Design consideration and restrictions

Boiler Combustion theory

Fuel characteristics

Boiler design and function

Operation examples and technical data

Operation and maintenance principles

Initial review of operation and

maintenance manuals

Turbine, Generator, Transformers Design, operation and maintenance

Soot removal equipment Design, operation and maintenance

Burner with auxiliaries Design, operation and maintenance

Fuel feed system, bottom ash handling Design, operation and maintenance

Initial review of manual





Auxiliary systems Design, operation and maintenance

Control system Design, operation and maintenance

Initial review of manual

Documentation Review of documentation structure.

7.4.2 Practical instruction and training

Operating instruction and training will be provided both in the form of special

training sessions and as part of the commissioning process.

Operating instructions will include all designed modes of operation such as

Pre-start checks

Standing conditions

Plant start-up (cold/hot)

Loading/unloading

Normal running

Part load operation

Shut-down, including as applicable Emergency Shutdown Procedures

Plant isolation and De-isolation

Maintenance instructions and training will focus on preventive maintenance, i.e.

maintenance which must be carried out at finite periods, e.g. setting-up

procedures, running adjustments, inspection and lubrication.

Overhaul maintenance and Breakdown maintenance (requiring isolation,

dismantling, removal and replacement of worn parts) will also be covered, but in

less detail.

CHAPTER 8

RECOMMENDED SPARES

FOR THREE YEARS OPERATION





CHAPTER 8 RECOMMENDED SPARES FOR THREE YEARS OPERATION

The Contractor shall provide a list before commissioning of recommended spare parts for

three years operation to be purchased by the Authority. The Contractor will provide,

replace defective parts during the warranty period.

CHAPTER 9

PERFORMANCES GUARANTEES





CHAPTER 9 PERFORMANCE GUARANTEES

The Contractor shall demonstrate that the plant can achieve the performance

guarantees. The performance guarantees are based on design criteria and

performance fuel given in Section 3,Chapter 10

9.1 Net plant Output

“Net plant Output” is the electrical power output capability measured at the main

transformer high voltage side.

The net plant output, NPO, is 8.7 MW (e).

9.2 Net Station Heat Rate

“Net Station heat Rate” is the plant energy conversion efficiency, at Net plant

Output (NPO), defined as

NSHR = tput(NPO)NetplantOu

)basedonNCVFuelInput(

MWMW

The Net Station Heat Rate is 3.17 MW/MW

NCV = Net Calorific Value

NCR = Maximum Continuos rating

9.3 TEST PROCEDURES

The Net Plant Output shall be determined in accordance with ANSI/ASME PTC

19.6, Part 6, “Electrical Measurements” or equivalent. The measurements shall be

made at the high voltage side of he main transformer using the calibrated tariff

meter.

The Net Station Heat Rate is to be determined simultaneously as the NPO. The

fuel-input figure is to be determined through a boiler efficiency test in accordance

with DIN 1942 at the load where the NPO is achieved.





The Boiler Emissions performance shall be determined simultaneously as the NPO

in accordance with procedures and methods described in ASME Performance

Test Code (PTC) or similar.

The test is to be performed at stable conditions and shall last for 5 hours. The

output capacity is to be determined as the average output value during the 5 hour

test in order to properly consider intermittently working equipment.

Prior to the test start the boiler shall be cleaned with an ordinary sootblowing

sequence in accordance with DIN 1942. During the test the sootblower system

shall not be in operation.

During the test the fuel reception and preparation system, water treatment plant

and fire protection system shall not be in operation (and the 24 hour fuel storage

containing fuel for > 5 hours).

9.4 TEST ACCURACY

To the greatest possible extent the plant stationary equipment is to be used for

required measurements and testing.

Consideration is to be taken to relevant measurement tolerances and

measurement equipment measurements and testing.

CHAPTER 10

DESIGN CRITERIA





CHAPTER 10 DESIGN CRITERIA

10.1 DESIGN PARAMETERS

Export electricity generation (performance fuel) 8.7 MW (e).

Corresponding steam generation, MCR about 11 kg/s

Operating range (thermal output) 30-100%

Superheater outlet pressure 50 bar (g)

Superheater outlet steam temperature 450 C

Boiler feed water temperature 140 C

Exit gas temperature 145 C

Ambient air temperature, performance 25 C

Ambient temperature, max 40 C

Humidity, performance 69 %

The plant shall be designed for a technical lifetime of 25 years, based on proper

operation & maintenance and continuous operation at MCR (and performance fuel)

except for normally about 1 + 2 week overhaul period each year. Thus, during the 25 year

period the plant can be operated with availability and a maintenance program generally

valid for biomass fired boilers.

The maintenance program includes, but is not restricted to, for example

- Continues on-line maintenance such as proper surveillance, inspection, planning,

lubrication, seal and packing replacement etc

- Periodic or annual overhaul and replacement of e.g. firing equipment (e.g. air

nozzles, air swept spout, erosion wear blocks, metal spray areas), solid material

conveyor wear parts (e.g. piping elbows, carriers, flight tips, rotary valve rubber

seals), bag house bags, refractory patching, seals, gaskets, packings, crusher

hammers and plates, media filters, valve seats etc

- Less frequent or single replacement of e.g. bellows, flue gas touched surfaces

(e.g. superheater, furnace wall areas), refractory, silo lower sections, bearings,





instruments, fan housing and impeller, turbine major overhaul, certain pumps,

motors, electronics.

Where long term creep deformation is dimensioning for the boiler pressure parts, 200,000

hours full load is applied as base for the boiler pressure parts design.

10.2 FUEL

Cassava Rhizome

Design Span Unit

Lower heating value

Moisture content

Ultimate analysis

C

H

O

N

S

CI

Ash

6,872

25

44.81

6.02

50.87

-

-

0.26

11.58

5,644-8,691

<50

KJ/kg

% weight

% weight, dry

“ –

“ –

“ –

“ –

“ –

“ –

10.3 FEED WATER REQUIREMENTS

General appearance pH at 25 C (Cu/Fc alloys) pH at 25 C (Fc alloys) Hardness \Oxygen as O2 Iron as Fe Total copper as Cu Conductivity Silica as SiO2 Na + K KmnO4 *) Valid for 2 % blowdown

Clear and colourless 8.8-9.2 9.2-9.6

< 0.2 < 0.01 < 0.05 < 0.01

< 5 < 0.2 < 1.0

< 2.65

ppm CaCO3 ppm ppm ppm

S/cm ppm *) ppm *) ppm





10.4 BOILER WATER REQUIREMENTS

pH at 25 C

p-value

Na + K

Silica as SiO2

P2O5

KMnO4

10.5-11.7

1-4

50

10

10-20

130

mmol/kg

ppm

ppm

ppm

ppm

1) MCR = Maximum Continuous Rating

10.5 STEAM QUALITY

SiO2

Na + K

< 0.02

< 0.01

ppm

ppm

10.6 INSTRUMENTATION

All electric analogue signals shall be 4-20 mA, 2-wire systems.

All pneumatic control and measurement signals shall be 0.2-1 bar (g).

10.7 ELECTRICAL

Power supplies:

3,3 kV for motors > 375 kW

380V + or – 5%, 3-phase 50 Hz for motors

380V + or – 5%, 3-phase 50 Hz for lighting and small power installation

10.8 LOAD CHANGE VELOCITY

40–95 % MCR 4% of actual load/min

30-40 % MCR and

95-100 % MCR decreasing to 2 % of actual load/min





10.10 STAFF REQUIREMENT

Plant management

Plant manager 1

Administration 3

4

Operation (4 shift groups)

Operation manager 1

Shift supervisor 4x1 4

Control room operator 4x1 4

Boiler/Turbine/Gen 4x1 4

Solids handling 4x1 4

Waste preparation 4x1 4

Chemist 2

23

Maintenance

Maintenance manager 1

Mechanical engineer 1

Mech. maintenance 5

Electrical engineer 1

I&C technician 3

Electrician 3

14

Other staff

Cleaners 4

Weighing/Security 2

Store 1

Gardener 1

8

Total 49





10.10 STORAGE CAPACITIES

Overall fuel storage capacity for operation at Net-Plant Output is 120 hours.

Fuel

Storage silo

Dosing bin

Ash

Storage capacity

24

5

48

hours

hours

hours

10.11 EARTHQUAKE CONDITIONS

The plant will be designed according to Thai regulations and laws.

CHAPTER 11

STANDARDS





CHAPTER 11 STANDARDS

11.1 General

Metric units according to the SI system to be used.

Marking and identification shall be according to the KKS system.

11.2 Mechanical Engineering and Works

Will be in accordance with:

- Health and Safety Statutory Regulations of Thailand

And with the appropriate:

- British Standards

- IEC Regulations

- ANSI American National Standards Institute

- Thailand National Standard and Regulations

- ASME

11.3 Electrical and C and I Engineering and Works



And with the appropriate:

- British Standards

- IEC Regulations

- ANSI American National Standards Institute

- Thailand National Standard and Regulations

-





11.4 Civil Engineering and Building Works



- National Building Regulations of Thailand

- British Standards

CHAPTER 12

VENDORS LIST





CHAPTER 12 VENDOR LIST

VENDORS LIST

System/Components Supplier Country of Origin

Boiler

Steam Turbine/Generator

Steam Turbine by pass

Flue Gas Cleaning

Fan

Fuel Handling

Pump

Thermax

Vinke

Takuma

ABB (Swedish or German)

Mitsubishi

GE Alsthom

Siemens PLC.

BTG

Copes Vulcan

Control Components

Keystone

ABB Flakt

Procideair

Weelabrator

ABB Flakt

Misubishi

Howden Buffalo

Saxlund & Co

Roxon AB

Consilium Bulk Oy

KSB

Ingersol Rand

Ebara

India

Belguim

Japan

Sweden/Germany

Japan

UK

Germany

UK

UK

UK

USA

Sweden

France

USA

Sweden

Japan

USA

Sweden

Sweden

Finland

Germany

USA

Japan





VENDORS LIST


Cooling Tower

Instrument and Service Air

Compressor

Air Filters

Air Receivers

Fire protection & Detection

Cranes

Stack

Marley

Hamon B grimm

Motivair

Ingersol Rand

Compare Broomwade

Atlas Corp.

Motivair

Ingersol Rand

Compare Broomwade

Belliss & Morcom

Mitivair

Ingersol Rand

Compare Broomwade

Belliss & Morcom

Mathew Hall

How Fire

Wormald

Grinnel Firekil

Thorn Security

Davy Morris

Kone

Mannesmann Demag

Street Crane Co

Abricot

FE Beaumont

USA

Belguim

UK

USA/UK

UK

USA

UK

USA/UK

UK

UK

UK

USA/UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK/Finland

UK/Germany

UK

UK

UK





VENDORS LIST


Dearator

L D Feadheater

WTP

11 kV Switchgear

3.3 kV Switchgear

11/22 kV Transformer

Keeps

Rafferty Ind. Chimney

Hick Hargreaves

Parsons

Dewplan

Hick Hargreaves

Parsons

Dewplan

Dewplan

Satec

Mamcor

Lancy

PWT

GEC Alsthom

Whiopp & Bourne

ABB

Siemens

Baldwim & Francis

GEC Alsthom

ABB

Siemens

Lawrence Scott

Baldwin & Francis

Hawker Siddeley

GEC Alsthom

ABB Nitran

NEI Peebles

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK/Finland

UK/Germany

UK

UK

UK

UK/Finland

UK/Germany

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK





VENDORS LIST


3MVA/2 MVA Aux.

UPS

DC Power Supploes

Auxiliary Dist Boards

IC Panels

Neutral Earthing

South Wales Transformers

GEC Alsthom

Hawker Siddeley

Electro Automat

Erskine

GEC Alsthom

Siemens

Chiloride

Saft Nife

Electro Automat

Chloride

Erskine

Siemens

Saft Nife

Crabtree

Merlin Gerin

Lounsdale

Wylex

M K Electric

Crabtree

Merlin Gerin

Dorman

Cressal

GEC Alsthom

Eaton

International Transformers

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK/Finland

Sweden/France

UK

UK

UK/Finland

UK/Germany

Sweden/France

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK

UK





VENDORS LIST


Diesel Generator

Control & Instrument

Cruidkshank

Dawson Keith

MHI

Dale

Caterpilla

Yokokawa

ABB

Siemen

UK

UK

Japan

UK

World wide

Japan

Sweden/Germany

Germany

Selection of other Vendors than above shall be subject to approval by the Authority

CHAPTER 13

SPECIFICALLY GUARANTEED

CHARACTERISTICS





CHAPTER 13 SPECIFICALLY GUARANTEED CHARACTERTISTICS

13.1 Noise

The plant shall be designed so that a good environment is obtained from the noise

point of view.

Buildings and equipment shall be designed in accordance with Thailand

standards and regulations.

Test procedures Test Accuracy shall be in accordance with Section 3, Chapter 6

13.2 External noise level

The total noise level from the operating plant, at a distance of 250m from the site

boundary, shall be at most 60dB(A).

13.3 Internal noise level

The plant design and resulting contribution of noise from the plant to the nearby

surrounding areas is based on the noise level during normal operation and will not

exceed the figures below in the main building, control room and offices.

Daytime Evening Night

07.00 – 18.00 18.00 – 22.00 22.00 – 07.00

60 dBA 55 dBA 50 dBA

The exposure to noise will be controlled as stipulated in the attached-

Code of Federal Regulations, US, OSHA Labor

Sect 29, part 1910.95 a-b, revision: July 1, 1993





Certain areas of the plant are not to be viewed as regular working areas and are

not normally to be occupied for a longer period during a normal working day.

13.4 Plant Emissions

The Contractor shall demonstrate that the plant can achieve the specifically

guaranteed characteristics. The guarantees are based on design criteria and

performance fuel given in Section 3, Chapter 11

Particulates 30 mg/Nm3

CO1 100 mg/Nm3

Organic compounds (as C)1 20 mg/Nm3

SO2 190 mg/Nm3

HCi 50 mg/Nm3

HF 2 mg/Nm3

Nox(NO+NO2) 250 mg/Nm3(as NO2)

Dioxin (TCDD acc to Eacon) 0,1 mg/Nm3

Emissions normalized to 11% O2, dry gas at 0 C and 101,3 kPa.

Emissions are 24 hours mean values.

The Contractor accepts to modify the Plant, if technically sensible, according to

decision by the “Environmental Commission” to meet other emissions guarantees

than stated above. The costs for such modification shall be borne solely the

Authority and the Contractor shall be entitled to adjust the Intended Completion

Date accordingly.

13.5 Test Procedures & Accuracy

Test procedures for Plant Emissions shall be according to Section 3 Chapter 6

SECTION 4

TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT



Section 4 Technical Requirement Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency

GHD (Thailand) Co., Ltd. Page 1 of 9 Consultants of Technology Co., Ltd. K:\KC\ \ \- 2549 \2-4 \SECTION 4 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT\Part1 Introduction.doc

SECTION 4

TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT

CONTENT

CHAPTER 1 Introduction

CHAPTER 2 Boiler

CHAPTER 3 Steam Turbine

CHAPTER 4 Civil Works

CHAPTER 5 Electrifications

CHAPTER 6 Automation and Instrumentation, System

Concept

CHAPTER 7 Balance of Plant

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION





CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 GENERAL

Department of Alternative Energy Development and Energy Conservation (DEDE) has

attended to develops the pilot biomass power plant for generating electricity, located in

Province in Nakhon Ratchasima. The 9.9 MW power plant will gathers cassava rhizome as fuel

for electricity generation to sell to Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA) via 22 kV grid

The primary fuel will be Cassava Rhizome and the back up fuel will be wood chips. The

Cassava Rhizome will be supplied to the plant from 50 kilometer around the power plant

location. The power plant will have adequate fuel storage to ensure the continuous operation.

1.2 POWER PLANT DESCRIPTION

The summary about main component and its function of 9.9 MW cassava rhizome-fired

power plant will be as follows:

1.2.1 Boiler

The boiler for firing cassava rhizome as fuel is based on proven technology using a

stoker combustion boiler. The stoker grate technology is effective in burning solid fuels that

contain fuel particles of sufficient size that they must rest on a grate to burn as well as finely

sized particles. Solid fuel is introduced into the furnace using pneumatic or mechanical

spreaders which is stoker or feeder. Spreader stokers with vibrating grates have the ability to

respond more rapidly to load changes, and operate more efficiently.

The superheater will be of the pendant type with tubes spaced to minimize fouling. The

superheater outlet(s) will be piped to a single main steam line connection. To minimize erosion,

gas velocities across the superheater tubes will not exceed 40 feet per second. The

superheater steam temperature control system will utilize water spray desuperheating.





The outer walls of the furnace will consist of a water-cooled, heat-absorbing surface

constructed of tubes joined by steel fillers welded continuously to form welded wall panels. A

complete system of buckstays will be provided to brace and guide the waterwalls and to

prevent vibration.

The boiler is comprised of mainly following component sections:

- Boiler fuel silo with fuel feeding

- Ash removal system

- Boiler pressure parts

- Air and flue gas ducts

- Fans

- Soot blowers

- Necessary valves

- Stack

1.2.2 Steam Turbine and Generator

The steam at high pressure of 50 bar (a) will drive steam turbine coupled with one set of

generator. The generator output is 9.9 MW. The net plant output is estimated to be 8.7 MW.

The steam turbine will be one-extraction condensing type for heating feed water

purpose. The oil system consists of two different supply systems required for the turbine

operation: lubricating oil system, emergency oil system. The oil coolers and filters ensuring

proper temperature and purity of the oil are parts of the oil system.

1.2.3 Feed water system

The function of feed water system is to remove the un-condensable gases from return

condensate and from make-up water, and to supply the feed water to the boiler. The deaerator

tank is a vertical, counter flow type, mounted on, the horizontal feed water storage tank. Feed

water will be also supplied with feed water pumps.





1.2.4 Cooling water system

Cooling water system mainly comprises of a mechanical draft cooling tower, cooling

water pumps, auxiliary cooling water pumps and piping system. The function of the system is

to convey the heat load from the condenser and through the cooling tower and dissipate it in

the air. The blow down from cooling tower is routed to sand removal pond before releasing to

holding pond.

1.2.5 Fuel handing system

Cassava Rhizome handling system mainly comprises of large open air storage and a

smaller rain sheltered storage. The outdoor fuel storage is designed for storing the fuel for

maximum 6 month. The indoor fuel storage is designed for storing the fuel for 10 days. The

design concept of conveyors is to transporting cassava rhizome from an adjacent storage to

the power plant.

1.2.6 Water treatment system

1.2.6.1 Pretreatment plant

The function of pretreatment plant is to produce the make up water supplied for cooling

water, service water and demin water. Raw water is pumped to pretreatment plant for

clarification with chemical dosing system, which is functional to eliminate and reduce the

undesirable effects of water impurities. Pretreatment plant mainly comprises of raw water feed

pump, chemical dosing system, clarifier tank, sand filter, process water tank, backwash pump

and backwash blower.

1.2.6.2 Demineralization plant

The function of demineralization plant is to remove the ionic impurities in the treated

water. The process water is pumped to demineralization plant designed based on ion

exchange technology. The demineralization plant generally composes of demin feed pump,

carbon filter, cat-ion exchanger column, degasifier, transfer pump, anon exchanger column,

mixed bed polisher, make up water storage tank and regeneration system.





1.2.7 Compressed air system

The function of compress air system is to provide compressed air for both instrumental

control and tools. All needed air is purified and dried because there is one common pressure

air system for instrumental, control and tool. The system consists of two compressors, one

receiver, two oil filters, two driers, two air filters and piping to equipments air.

1.2.8 Ash handing system

Ash handling system consists bottom ash handling and fly ash handling. Bottom ash are

the main source of ash and extracted from the grate periodically to the bottom ash container.

Fly ash is mainly collected from the flue gas cleaning system the ash will be transport to

be dispose at land fill in the plant. The ash is pneumatically transported to the fly ash silo.

1.2.9 Flue gas cleaning system

The flue gas cleaning system will be Multi-cyclone and Venturi Scrubber. The emission

will be designed to meet the Law of Thailand emissions standards for new power plants and

ambient air quality standard.

1.2.10 Electrical system

Generators will be connected to the 6.6 kV indoor switchgear. The termination point is

the outgoing terminal of 22 kV switchgear at the power plant site. Auxiliary power will be

supplied from the new low voltage switchgear. Low voltage main distribution will be supplied

from the new station auxiliary transformer.

1.2.11 Automation system

Automation of the power plant shall be implemented using Distributed Control System

(DCS). This system is based on using Programmable logic Control System (PLC) as a process

control system. DCS system will be provided for control, monitoring, and alarm annunciation

combined with interlock and sequence control system to ensure the safe, For reliable and





efficient operation of the power plant, the power plant can be operated and monitored via

automation system operation station from the control room.

Some process parts may have separate local control system. These control systems are

included to the scope of mechanical delivery. They are realized with Programmable Logic

Control systems (PLC) and local control which they can be use to operated locally. All these

sub automation system are connected to main automation system, where they can be

operated and monitored.

1.2.12 Civil work

Civil engineering design work will based upon latest edition of Thailand code of practice

or agreed international codes and standards, with due consideration of all applicable rule and

regulation enforce.

The design shall reflect the climatic conditions that pertain to the site and which could

normally be considered applicable during the life cycle of the plant. Analysis for the machine

foundations under dynamic loading will be made and adopted to design limit.

The foundations for the boiler, the steam turbine and for other main structures have to

supported by piles. The piles will acts as ending bearing piles and will be used in conjunction

with reinforced concrete structures.

The Plant will consist of the following modules:

- Steam turbine hall including adjoining equipment room

- Foundations and boiler structure.

- Administration, control and electrical building

- Conveyors foundation

- Stack foundation

- Ash silo foundation

- Cooling Tower





- Oil tank foundation

- Fuel loading shelter

- Fuel open air storage yard

- Office and utilities Buildings

- Waste water and water treatment plant

- Roads

- Storm water and sewage drainage system

1.2.13 Utilities system

Utilities system was designed for the modern power plant with consideration of

applicable rule and regulation of Thai law. The Utilities system that included in the power plant

will consist of the followings:

1.2.14 CCTV (Closed circuit television system)

The closed circuit television system shall be provided for visual observation of the

operation area. The Video recorders and switching devices shall be capable of automatic and

manual operation.

1.2.15 Communication system

The communication system shall consist of an intercommunication page/party system

that indicated the approximate location of each speaker and handset. A comprehensive

telephone with 4 incoming lines and walkie-talkie system shall also be provided.

1.2.16 Fire alarm and protection system

The basic fire protection system for the plant facilities include the following system and

dimensioned according to the local standards, demands of the authorities of Thailand.

1.3 Design Criteria

The power plant shall be designed for the most economic operation throughout its

lifetime and all equipment will be provided with adequate design margins and standby

capacity. The power plant is designed according to the following criteria:





- Fuel Cassava Rhizome

- Type of the plant Condensing power plant

- Number of boilers 1 units

- Number of steam turbine generator 1 unit

- Gross electrical output 9.9 MWe

- Estimated annual operating hours 7,200 hours

- Operating mode Base load electrical matching

- Operational lifetime 200,000 hours

1.4 Plant Performance

Performance calculations for the 9.9 MW cassava rhizome-fired power plant are

presented in the heat balance diagram for full load (100%) nominal operation. The diagram

displays the main configuration together with the process conditions in the power plant. The

conclusion of plant performance guarantees must be at but not limit to, as the follows.

Boiler capacity: 40 t/h

Boiler operating conditions: 50 bar (a) and 450 C

Reliability continuous operation: 7,200 hours

Gross electricity output: 9,900 kW

Net electricity output: 8,700 kW

Parasitic load consumption: 1,000 kW

Overall plant efficiency: 31.5 %

Cassava rhizome consumption 20.77 t/h

LHV, wet fuel (net) 6.87 MJ/kg

Moisture content 25 %w

Ash content 11.58 %w

1.5 Operation

The gross electricity of 9.9 MW shall be generated. The approximately 8.7 MW (net) will

be expected to sell to the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) via PEA 22 kV

grid under a firm purchasing contract of the Small Power Producer (SPP)





The Power Plant shall be designed for a minimum operational life of 25 years with

minimum operating hours 7,200 per annum. The operating concept shall be based on a

central control room with a modern control system for all normal plant operations. However,

start-ups and shutdowns can be performed by local operations.

1.6 Code and Standard

The Power Plant shall fully comply with the relevant Laws, Regulations, Codes,

Standards, and approval requirements of the Kingdom of Thailand, including the following

Codes and Standards:

- Codes and Standards outlined in SPP GRID CODE and other Attachments to EGAT

Power Purchase Agreement

- Industrial Emission Standards

All work, equipment, materials and systems shall be designed, manufactured and/or

constructed in accordance with the latest issue of the International Codes and Standards as

follows or equivalence:

- Civil Engineering; ASCE, AISC, ASTM, ACI, DIN, JIS, EIT, TISI

- Mechanical Engineering; ASME, ASTM, NFPA, ANSI, DIN, JIS, TISI, EIT

- Electrical Engineering; IEC, ANSI, NEC, NEMA, ASTM, DIN, JIS, IEEE, NFPA, UL,

EIT

- Control and Instrumentation; ANSI, ASME, ASTM, DIN, IEEE, IEC, NEMA, NEC,

NFPA, UL

- Chemical Engineering; IUPAC, VDI, JIS

Appendices of Drawing:

CSR-P-01 Plant Layout

CSR-P-02 Flow Diagram

CHAPTER 2

BOILER




GHD (Thailand) Co., Ltd. Page 1 of 16 Consultants of Technology Co., Ltd. K:\KC\ \ \- 2549 \2-4 \SECTION 4 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT\Part2 BoilerV2.doc

CHAPTER 2 BOILER

2.1 GENERAL

Steam generating system which is water-tube steam boiler, shall be designed supplied

and fabricated in accordance with the latest applicable requirements of ASME Boiler and

Pressure Vessel Code or equivalent codes and standards. Performance of the boiler part shall

not be less than the following guidelines:

MCR. Evaporation: 39.6 t/h

Combustion: Stoker-fired (Vibrating Gate is recommended)

Working Pressure: 50 bar (a)

Steam Temperature: Superheated 450°C

Fuel: cassava rhizome and light oil (for startup)

Feed Water Temperature: 128°C

Draft System: Balance draft (one force draft fan and one induce draft

fan)

Boiler Efficiency: 77%

2.2 BOILER PRESSURE PARTS

2.2.1 Steam/Water Drum

The steam and water drums will be manufactured in accordance with the applicable

code. The drums will be radiographed, stress relieved and hydrostatically tested. Each drum

will be equipped with manholes and gaskets. Nozzles for safety valves, air vent, water level

gauges, pressure gauge, level transmitter, etc. shall be provided.

All drum internals shall be fabricated to permit easy removal through the manholes. The

drum shall be hydrostatically pressure tested at the site to 1.5 times the maximum allowable

working pressure before drum installation.





The lower drum is provided with mud blow down connection for periodically blowing

down sludge or mud accumulation. For removing moisture, steam drum is equipped with drum

internals consisting of girth baffle, cyclones and scrubbers. For uniform distribution, perforated

pipes for feed water, continuous blow down and chemical dosing shall be provided.

2.2.2 Furnace Water-wall Tubes

Front, side, roof and rear walls of boiler furnace shall be water cooled construction. The

furnace side wall tubes are suitably bent for providing peep holes, access doors and burner

mounting openings, are stub welded at top and bottom to respective side wall top and bottom

headers.

All the headers shall be manufactured from seamless pipes and headers shall be

provided with drain connections, air vent connection and hand holes for inspection as

required. The furnace wall tubes shall be expanded into the steam & water drums on grooved

seats.

2.2.3 Convection Bank Tubes

Boiler convection bank shall be formed by an array of tubes. Tubes connecting steam

and water drums shall enter radically into the drums and shall be expanded on grooved seats.

The tubes will be accessible for visual inspection and water washing during inspection through

manholes provided in the bank.

2.2.4 Superheater Coils and Headers

Pendant type superheater shall be provided. The superheater shall be designed to

obtain the required temperature of steam over the control range. The superheater headers

shall be located outside the gas path & shall be welded to the coils. The Headers shall be

completed with welded end plates. All necessary hangers to support the superheater

assembly shall also be supplied. The method of suspension shall be designed to permit free

expansion of the superheater.





2.2.5 Economizer Coils and Headers

Continuous loop bare tube type Economizer shall be provided. The economizer shall

have inlet and outlet headers and the entire economizer shall be supported in a structural steel

frame and enclosed within welded casing. Doors shall be provided for observation and

access. Necessary drain, vent and thermometer pocket shall be provided.

2.2.6 Attemperator

One number direct contact spray type attemperator shall be installed in the superheater.

The attemperator shall consist of internal sleeve & spray nozzle for proper distribution and

evaporation of the spray water. Feed water is injected directly to the attemperator near the

converging throat of the venturi. This ensures proper evaporation of the spray water and avoids

water carry over to the consumers.

2.2.7 Risers and Downcomers

All the boiler top headers are connected by means of liberally sized risers to the steam

drum. These shall carry the steam/ water mixture formed in the furnace to the steam drum for

steam/water separation. Insulated downcomers shall be provided to supply water from the

water drum to all the bottom headers. The downcomers shall ensure that adequate water shall

be supplied at the bottom headers for evaporation. Together the risers & downcomers shall

help in maintaining very high circulation ratio in the boiler.

2.2.8 Boiler Mountings and Fittings

The complete mountings, fittings, valves, etc. shall be provided. The scheme of valves

and fittings shall be furnished as per Piping & Instrumentation diagram enclosed with the

proposal. All valves below and up to 40 NB size shall be socket welded and above that

flanged. All instruments shall have process isolation valves wherever required.

2.2.9 Integral Piping

Boiler integral piping within Battery limit points as described in Battery Limits section of

this proposal including fittings like flanges, gaskets, nuts, bolts and insulation and lagging





(wherever required) shall be supplied. All piping above 50 NB size shall be supplied in pre-

fabricated form for assembly at site. All piping below 50 NB size shall be supplied in random

lengths for fabricated at site.

2.2.10 Integral Ducting

Air ducting from the forced draft fan to the burner windbox and gas ducting from the

boiler outlet to economiser and further upto battery limit shall be provided. The ducting shall be

of welded construction and properly stiffened and supported to prevent distortion or bulging.

The hot ducts shall be suitably insulated.

2.2.11 Tubular Air Pre-heater

Vertical tubular air pre-heater shall be provided downstream of the boiler bank to recover

further heat from the flue gases by heating the combustion air. Hot gases shall pass through

tubes and air over the tubes in cross flow arrangement. The air pre-heater shall be complete

with inlet and outlet boxes and tube sheets.

2.2.12 Casing

Carbon steel casing for Boiler, Economizer and air-heater shall be provided. The casing

shall be fabricated from CS plates.

2.3 FUEL FEEDING AND FIRING SYSTEM

2.3.1 Hoppers

Carbon steel (CS) hoppers for collecting solid particles from flue gas path shall be

provided. The hoppers shall be fabricated from CS plates.

2.3.2 Combustion Grate

Continuous ash discharge traveling Grate shall be provided at furnace bottom for

allowing combustion of the fuel, for collecting and continuously discharging the resultant ash.

The grate is made of heat resistant alloy cast iron sections and provided with cast iron carrier





bars & skid rails, chains, sprockets, drive shaft and bearings to form a continuous effective

grate surface of the self tightening type. All wearing parts like skid shoes, pins, rollers,

sprockets, etc. are hardened to ensure continuous and trouble-free service.

The grate curvature design keeps the grate closed without the aid of auxiliary weights

when making the turn around the sprockets, thus preventing accumulation of hot ash in the

sprocket mechanism, drive end shaft. The design is such that any grate section can be

removed without taking the grate out of service.

In grate design, the grate bars are not exposed to furnace heat. Small portion of heat

resistant alloy castings are inserted over grate T bar to form the top grate surface.

2.3.3 Pneumatic Spreaders

Pneumatic spreaders shall be provided for spreading the Fuel in the furnace. The fuel is

swept into the furnace by high pressure air tapped from secondary air fan. The throw of fuel

can be adjusted by adjusting a deflector plate, which alters the angle of throw. The spreading

of fuel in the furnace from front to back & from side to side is controlled by a cyclomotor, which

rotates a distribution damper. The air swept spreaders have no moving parts and therefore

have lesser maintenance requirement.

2.3.4 Force Draft Fan

Forced draft (FD) fan shall be centrifugal type with suitably sized impeller. The fan

impeller shall be dynamically balanced and the fan shall be completed with inspection door,

foundation bolts and guard. Shaft for fan rotor shall be set to run in self-aligning roller bearings

and the fan shall be directly driven by electric motor.

The FD fan shall be variable speed controlled. The FD fan shall provide combustion air to

the furnace from below the grate





2.3.5 Induce Draft Fan

Induced Draft (ID) fan shall be centrifugal type with suitably sized impeller. The fan

impeller shall be dynamically balanced and the fan shall be complete with inspection door,

foundation bolts and guard.

The ID fan shall be variable speed controlled. The ID fan shall evacuate the flue gases to

the stack & maintain slight suction in the boiler furnace.

2.3.6 Secondary Air Fan

High pressure Secondary Air (SA) fan shall be centrifugal type with suitably sized

impeller. High pressure secondary over fire air shall be injected into the furnace through heat

resistant nozzles mounted in the furnace walls. The fan impeller shall be dynamically balanced

and the fan shall be completed with inspection door, foundation bolts and guard.

The SA fan shall be damper controlled. The SA fan shall provide high pressure

secondary air to the boiler furnace for creating turbulence & for fuel spreading.

2.3.7 Soot Blowers

Soot blowing system shall be provided to keep the heat transfer surfaces clean. The

steam for the soot blowing system shall be tapped from the outlet of superheater shall be

received from battery limit. The soot blowers shall rotary, multi nozzle type.

2.3.8 Start-up Burner

The boiler plant is equipped with one oil fired burner for start-up process and maintrain

flue gas temperature. The burners operation shall be a manual ignition system. Operator will lit

the burner by using the gas ignition system of the burners at the local control and observe the

gas flame. Once the ignition gas flame has come in to full operation then light oil fuel will be

supply to the burner and the burner will start to heat the bed. The burner will be stopped by the

operator in the control room once the bed have reach the boiler design temperature.





Start up system will comprise of component such as, Ignition System shall comprise of

one number HT ignition transformer, HT cables and ignition electrodes per main burner. Fuel

Oil Train shall be complete with isolation valves, fuel flow control station, quick shut-off valves,

NRVs, flexible hoses, fuel pressure gauge, pressure switches etc. as per the enclosed P & I

diagram. Atomizing Steam Train shall be complete with isolation valves, differential pressure

control valve, quick shut-off valves, NRVs, flexible hoses, fuel pressure gauge, pressure

switches etc. as per the enclosed P & I diagram. Pilot Gas Train shall be complete with

isolation valves, quick shut-off & vent valves, NRVs, flexible hoses, fuel pressure gauge,

pressure switches etc. as per the enclosed P & I diagram.

Flame Viewing System shall consist of one number non-self check UV flame detector

with amplifier per main burner. Local Burner Panel One number local burner panel consisting

of indicating lamps and burner start-stop push buttons shall be provided. This panel shall be

connected to the remote Panel where all interlock logics for Burner Management System (BMS)

shall be implemented.

Oil pumping system shall comprise of following parts:

Duplex suction filter

2 nos. oil pumps (1 working + 1 standby)

Motors for oil pumps

Delivery filter

Necessary valves and fittings

Oil pressure control valve

Necessary pressure gauges

Oil piping





2.4 BOILER FEED WATER SYSTEM

2.4.1 Boiler Feed Water Pumps

Two multistage, centrifugal feed water pumps shall be provided. The feed pumps shall

be complete with MS base frame, coupling with guard, suction strainers, balancing & leak off

connections, discharge valves & pressure gauges. The pumps shall be motor driven.

2.4.2 Deaerator

One pressurized direct contact spray cum tray type deaerator shall be provided by us

to heat and deaerate the feed water. The deaerator shall be complete with storage tank,

instruments for pressure and level control, over-flow “U” seal, local pressure and temperature

gauges, level gauge and associated valves and fittings. The deaerator shall be located outside

the boiler house. The deaerator shall be supported on concrete structure provided by the

purchaser.

2.4.3 Blow-down Tank

One blow down tank located on the ground shall receive continuous blow-down from the

steam drum, pressurized drains & intermittent blow-down from the water drum. The flashed

steam shall be vented to the atmosphere. The tank will be equipped with vent and overflow

connections and a level gauge.

2.4.4 High Pressure (HP) Chemical Dosing System

The HP dosing system shall be used for dosing tri-sodium phosphate to the steam drum.

The tri-sodium phosphate, by reacting with the residual hardness if any, shall precipitate the

hardness. This precipitated hardness shall be blown down periodically from the water drum.

The HP dosing system shall consist of two numbers [one working + one standby]

variable stroke plunger pump with motors, one number rubber lined chemical preparation tank

with agitator, necessary piping, valves and fittings. All the components of the system shall be

shop assembled on a common base frame.





2.4.5 Low Pressure (LP) Chemical Dosing System

The LP dosing system shall be used for dosing sodium sulphite/Hydrazine to the

deaerator storage tank. The sodium sulphite/Hydrazine, by reacting with the residual oxygen,

shall neutralise the same.

The LP dosing system shall consist of two numbers [one working + one standby] variable

stroke plunger pump with motors, one number rubber lined chemical preparation tank with

agitator, necessary piping, valves and fittings. All the components of the system shall be shop

assembled on a common base frame.

2.5 FLUE GAS TREATMENT SYSTEM

2.5.1 Multi Cyclone

The boiler shall be equipped with multi-cyclone and venturi scrubber located between

the outlet of last heat recovery equipment and ID fan. The multi-cyclone shall be single case

with multi stage cyclone, complete with suitable number of vibrator to prevent built-up problem

and adequate ash conveying system.

2.5.2 Venturi Scrubber

Venturi scrubber shall be use as a second stage flue gas treatment to reduce the

particulate emissions to the atmosphere. Venturi scrubber shall consist of component as follow:

- Demister

- Sump and Recisculate pume

- Exhaust blower

- Piping

- Control Unit





2.5.2 Sampling System

Sampling system for collecting Grab samples shall consist of sample coolers complete

with valves, fittings and piping. The sample coolers shall be of shell and tube construction with

sample on tube side and cooling water on shell side.

2.5.3 Stack

One fabricated stack for the boiler shall be supplied. The stack shall be of cylindrical,

self-supported design. The material of construction shall be CS. The stack shall be insulated

up to a safe height using light resin bonded mineral wool lagging and aluminum cladding.

2.5.4 Bottom Ash Handling System

Screw conveyors shall collect the bottom ash from the discharge of hopper shall be

deposited in the densveyor from where it shall be evacuated into the common ash silo by

pneumatic dense phase handling system. Silo shall have the capacity at least equivalent to

one day of uninterrupted boiler operation at MCR.

2.5.5 Fly Ash Handling System

Fly ash collected from hoppers below convection bank, economiser, air preheater and

ESP shall be deposited in the densveyor from where it shall be evacuated into the common ash

silo by pneumatic dense phase handling system. Silo shall have the capacity at least

equivalent to one day of uninterrupted boiler operation at MCR.

2.6 BOILER SUPPORT STRUCTURE

2.6.1 Structural

The boiler is bottom supported with all top headers & steam drum self-supported on steel

structural from firing floor level. Further steel structure will be provided for stairs and galleries.

The steel structures shall be designed to give adequate support of all live loads taking into

consideration the climatic conditions and seismic factor. The structure shall include necessary

Columns, Beams, Bracing and Buckstays.





2.6.2 Platforms and Ladders

All necessary platforms and ladders to allow safe and ample access to any part of the

plant requiring attendance and maintenance from ground level up to boiler top shall be

provided. The boiler shall have a separate stairway with walkways to each floor level within the

boiler. The platforms and ladders shall have prefabricated, supporting steel work, toe plates

and handrails are included. Main stairways shall be at an angle less than or equal to 40 Deg.

2.6.3 Grills and Railings

We shall supply all necessary grills for various platforms, ladders and railings to allow

safe and ample access to any part of the plant requiring attendance and maintenance. The

platforms and ladders are of the open grid type. Gratings shall be 5 mm thick.

2.6.4 Insulation and Lagging

Standard refractory bricks/tiles, castable refractory as required. Light resin bonded

mineral wool insulation and plain Aluminum Cladding for hot surfaces of equipments, ducts &

pipelines.

2.7 ELECTRICAL AND CONTROL SYSTEM

2.7.1 Electrical System

2.7.1.1 Motors

Adequately rated motors will be provided for all rotary equipments. The motors will be

suitable for electrical supply as per Basis of Design with Totally Enclosed Fan Cooled [TEFC]

construction suitable for IP-55 protection. All motors shall Squirrel Cage Rotor with Class-B

insulation & shall be suitable for Direct Online starting.

2.7.1.2 Motor Control Center (MCC)

A non-draw out type, free standing, compartmentalized MCC for all LT electrical

consumers in our scope shall be supplied. The MCC shall be cubicle type in sheet steel





construction. The incomer shall have suitably rated switch fuse unit. The outgoing feeders

shall have switch fuse unit, contactor and overload relay, as required for the consumer.

2.7.1.3 Power & Control Cables

We shall provide one lot of power and control cables between MCC & electrical

consumers. Power cables shall be aluminum cored and control cables shall be copper cored.

2.7.1.4 Local Push Button Stations

All Electrical consumers in our scope of supply shall be furnished with local push button

stations for locally starting/stopping the consumer.

2.7.1.5 Earthing

Over ground earthing of all equipments shall be carried out up to a point for tapping by

purchaser. The earth pit shall be in purchaser's scope.

2.7.2 Control and Instrument

Microprocessor based instrumentation is envisaged for the boiler. The control function

shall be performed from DCS. The following control loops are envisaged:

- Drum Level Control

Three elements feed water control system will be provided to regulate the quantity

of feed water flowing into the boiler to maintain required water level in the steam drum. The

drum levels shall be measured by drum level transmitter. This signal shall go to the drum level

controller as a measured variable. Linearised steam flow signal shall act as a feed forward

anticipatory signal. The measured variable signal computed with the feed forward signal shall

be compared with the fixed set point in the drum level controller. The resultant error/control

signal shall act as a variable set point for the water flow controller. This variable set point shall

be compared with the linearised water flow signal, which shall act as a feed back signal, and a

control signal shall be generated. This control signal through a current pneumatic convertor

shall adjust the flow of water into the steam drum by actuating the feed water flow control





valve. The system shall also have in built low and high water level alarms and very low-level trip

system.

- Lead-Lag Combustion Control

A lead lag type combustion control is provided to control the pressure of steam.

Main steam pressure is measured by a transmitter. This signal shall go to the pressure

controller as a measured variable. In this controller the measured variable is compared with a

fixed set point and a demand signal is generated.

The demand signal passes through high and low selector which are basically

cross limits for deciding whether fuel flow controller should come in action first or the air flow

controller should come in action. The control signal acts as a variable set point for both the

fuel flow controller and the air flow controller. The flow of fuel is measured. The fuel flow signal

shall act as feed back signal for the fuel flow controller. The control signal generated by fuel

flow controller by comparing feed back signal with the variable set point shall be used to

control the fuel flow through a to current to pneumatic convertor.

Airflow shall be measured by the airflow transmitter. This signal shall be given as a

feed back signal to airflow controller. The control signal generated by airflow controller by

comparing the airflow signal with the variable set point shall adjust the FD fan speed to

maintain desired airflow to the furnace.

The cross limits incorporated in the control philosophy shall ensure that the fuel

flow reduction will lead the reduction in air flow when boiler load reduces and the fuel flow

increase will lag the air flow increase when the load on boiler increases. This will ensure that

explosive air fuel mixture is never formed in the boiler furnace.

- Combustion Control

Combustion control is provided to control the pressure of steam. Main steam

pressure is measured by a transmitter. This signal shall go to the pressure controller as a





measured variable. In this controller the measured variable is compared with a fixed set point

and a demand signal is generated.

The demand signal shall be used to control the fuel flow & airflow by actuating fuel

feeders & FD fan speed.

The demand signal acts as a variable set point for the airflow controller. Airflow

shall be measured by the airflow transmitter. This signal shall be given as a feed back signal to

airflow controller. The control signal generated by airflow controller by comparing the airflow

signal with the variable set point shall adjust the FD fan speed to maintain desired air flow to

the furnace.

- Furnace Draft Control

Furnace draft control system shall be provided to regulate the draft in the boiler

furnace. The Furnace draft shall be measured by a pressure transmitter. This signal shall go to

the Furnace draft controller as a measured variable. The measured variable signal shall be

compared with the fixed set point in the Furnace draft controller. The resultant error/control

signal shall adjust the ID fan speed to maintain desired draft in the furnace.

- Steam Temperature Control

Steam temperature control system shall be provided to maintain the main steam

temperature. The main steam temperature shall be measured by a temperature element. This

signal shall go to the temperature controller as a measured variable. In this controller this

measured variable is compared to a fixed set point. The resultant error signal shall adjust the

flow of attemperation spray water into the attemperator by actuating the control valve through a

current pneumatic convertor.

- Deaerator Level Control

Level control system shall be provided to maintain the water level in the deaerator

storage tank. The deaerator storage tank level shall be measured by level transmitter. This





signal shall go to the deaerator level controller as a measured variable. The measured variable

signal shall be compared with the fixed set point in the deaerator level controller. The resultant

error/control signal shall through a current pneumatic convertor adjust the flow of water flowing

into the deaerator by actuating the control valve. The system shall also have direct acting level

switch for very low-level trip system.

- Deaerator Pressure Control

Steam flow control system shall be provided to regulate the quantity of steam

flowing into the deaerator to maintain required pressure in the deaerator. The deaerator

pressure shall be measured by a pressure transmitter. This signal shall go to the deaerator

pressure controller as a measured variable. The measured variable signal shall be compared

with the fixed set point in the deaerator pressure controller. The resultant error/control signal

through a current pneumatic convertor shall adjust the flow of steam into the deaerator by

actuating the deaerator pressure control valve.

- Differential Pressure Control

Differential pressure control system shall be provided to regulate the quantity of

steam/air flowing into the burner for atomizing. The differential pressure between steam/air & oil

shall be measured by a differential pressure transmitter. This signal shall go to the differential

pressure controller as a measured variable. The measured variable signal shall be compared

with the fixed set point in the differential pressure controller. The resultant error/control signal

through a current pneumatic convertor shall adjust the flow of steam into the burner by

actuating the differential pressure control valve.

In addition to the above control loops, a number of supervisory instruments are

provided for continuously indicating the flow, temperature, draft & pressure at various points in

the field. Some of these parameters are also indicated on the control panel. All such

supervisory instruments are listed in the List of Instruments. Erection hardware such as junction

boxes, compression fittings, copper air tubing, etc shall also be supplied.





2.7.3 Burner Management System Cum Control and Instrumentation

Control instrumentation for safe & trouble free operation of the boiler implemented

through Non redundant PLC based control cum indication panel shall be supplied. The control

PLC shall undertake all the control functions as described in the above loop description. In

addition, the panel shall also indicate certain key open loop field signals for monitoring. The

panel shall also have integrators for flows, audio annunciator for indicating major alarms &

trips, start/stop push buttons, printer communication port & one number hard wired three pen

recorder for steam flow, drum level & fuel flow recording

All the safety interlocks for safe start-up, shutdown and operation of the burner (BMS)

and the other auxiliaries of the plant shall also be implemented in the above PLC. The

interlocking will include various pressure, temperature, level & limit switches for interlocking.

The PLC shall also have a communication port for connecting to a printer for data recording.

CHAPTER 3

STEAM TURBINE




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CHAPTER 3 STEAM TURBINE

3.1 GENERAL

Steam turbine shall be to accomplish conversion of the thermal energy of steam

produced by the boiler to mechanical energy required to drive the generator. The generator

converts the mechanical energy to electrical energy, which is transmitted through, the

generator breaker to the generator step-up transformer.

3.2 SPECIFICATION OF STEAM TURBINE AND ACCESSORIES

Steam Turbine shall be horizontal, impulse, multi-stage, multi-valve, axial flow extraction,

condensing, and gear unit type

3.2.1 Operating Conditions

Rated output: 9,900 kW (at generator terminal)

Inlet steam pressure: 50 bar (a)

Inlet steam temperature: 448 C

Extraction steam pressure: 4 bar (a)

Exhaust steam pressure: 0.123 bar (a) (UN-Controlled)

Max. inlet flow: 39.6 t/h

Max. extraction steam flow (appx): 4.6 t/h

Max. exhaust steam flow (appx): 35.0 t/h

3.2.2 Performance Table

Operation case: Rated

Inlet steam

Pressure: 50 bar (a)

Temperature: 448 °C

Flow: 39.6 t/h

Extraction steam at turbine nozzle (Uncontrolled extraction)





Pressure: 4 bar (a)

Temperature: Appx.163.6 °C

Flow (Appx): 4.6 t/h

Exhaust

Pressure: 0.123 bar (a)

Flow (Appx.): 35 t/h

Generator output (kW): 9,900

3.2.3 Lubrication, Governor and Control Oil

Type of lubrication: Forced lubrication

Lubrication oil pressure: 1.0 bar (g)

Trip on pressure: 4.0 bar (g)

Control oil pressure: 10.0 bar (g)

Kind of oil: Turbine Oil, ISO VG46

3.2.4 Mechanical Design Condition

Inlet steam section: 50 bar (g) 450 C

Extraction steam section: 4 bar (g) 116 C

Exhaust steam section: 0.123 bar (g) 116 C

Cooling water section: 5.0 bar (g) 70 C

Instrument air section: 9.7 bar (g) 50 C

3.2.5 Material

Turbine casing: Cast steel & steel plate

Turbine rotor: Cr-Mo forged alloy steel

Blades: Mo-13% Cr stainless steel

Nozzles: Mo-13% Cr stainless steel

Diaphragm: Carbon steel

Journal bearing: Carbon steel lined with babbitt metal

Thrust bearing: Carbon steel lined with babbitt metal





Bearing housing: Cast iron

Labyrinth packing: Ni-Pb-Bronze/Stainless steel fin

3.3 Turbine Auxiliary

Turbine auxiliary shall comprise of component as follows:

3.3.1 Reduction Gear

Shall be Horizontal, Single reduction. Single or Double helical gear type, with Service

factor at AGMA 1.1. The Gear shall be made of material as follow:

Casing: Cast iron

Pinion: Forged alloy steel

Wheel gear: Forged alloy steel

Wheel shaft: Alloy steel

Journal bearing: Steel lined with babbitt metal

Thrust bearing: Steel lined with babbitt metal

3.3.2 Emergency Stop Valve

Shall be oil pressure operated type with steam strainer and limit switch for indication of

close position. The valve shall be made of material as follow:

Body: Cast steel

Valve: Cr-Mo steel

Valve seat: Stainless steel

Strainer: Stainless steel

3.3.3 Journal Bearing

(Two sets) shall be Plain metal type, forced lubricated type

3.3.4 Thrust Bearing

Shall be Multi-segment type





3.3.5 Speed Governor

Shall be Electro Hydraulic type, having adjustable speed range 105~95% of rated

speed and Speed regulation at 4%

3.3.6 Overspeed Governor

(Two sets) Shall be Mechanical and electronic type, having Tripping speed at 110 1%

of rated speed

3.3.7 Governing Valve

Shall be Bar lift and multi valve type, Turbine casing and emergency stop valve are

insulated and jacketed to maintain jacket temperature below 75 C. The valve shall be made

of material as follow:

Body: Cast steel

Valve: Stainless steel

Valve seat: Stainless steel

3.3.8 Coupling

Shall be Diaphragm type (Bendix) and R/gear for Coupling between turbine and Oil

contained gear type and generator for Coupling between R/gear

3.3.9 Base Plate

Shall be fabricated steel plate or Sole plat type. Base plate for Turbine and Sole plate fro

R. gear and Generator

3.3.10 Turning Device

Shall be Electric motor driven, worm gear reduction automatically engaged and

automatic disengagement type.





3.3.11 Oil Reservoir

Shall be steel plate welding type, furnished with oil level indicator, drain valve, oil

charging nozzle, gas vent and suction strainers for oil pumps. Retention capacity of reservoir

shall be 3 minutes of normal required flow as minimum

3.3.12 Main Oil Pump

Shall be Gear type driven by the shaft end of the reduction gear, with discharge

pressure at 5 bar (g). Capacity of pumps is1.1 times required lube oil flow as minimum. The

pump shall be made of material as follow:

Casing: Cast iron

Rotor: Carbon steel

3.3.13 Auxiliary Oil Pump

Shall be Gear type, mounted on oil reservoir and driven by AC electric motor with

discharge pressure at 5 bar (g). Capacity of pump s at 1.1 times required lube oil flow as

minimum. The pump shall be made of material as follow:

Casing: Cast iron

Rotor: Carbon steel

3.3.14 Control Oil Pump

Shall be Trochoid or Gear type, discharge pressure at 11 bar(g). Capacity at 1.1 times

required lube oil flow as minimum. The pump shall be made of material as follow:

Casing: Cast iron

Rotor: Carbon steel

3.3.15 Emergency Oil Pump

Shall be Gear type mounted on oil reservoir and driven by DC electric motor. The pump

shall be made of material as follow:

Casing: Cast iron

Rotor: Carbon steel





3.3.16 Oil Cooler

Shall be Shell and tube, fixed tube sheet type. The oil cooler shall be made of material

as follow:

Shell: Carbon steel

Tube: Copper

Tube sheet: Carbon steel plate

Water chamber: Cast iron

3.3.17 Lube Oil Filter

Shall be Duplex with change-over cock. Filtration at 200 mesh. The filter shall be made


Casing: Cast iron for lube oil filter carbon steel for control oil filter

Element: 18-8 stainless steel for lube oil Cartridge paper for control oil

3.3.18 Control Oil Filter

Shall be Duplex with change-over cock. Filtration at 20 micron. The filter shall be made


Casing: Cast iron for lube oil filter carbon steel for control oil filter

Element: 18-8 stainless steel for lube oil Cartridge paper for control oil

3.3.19 Oil Pressure

Shall be Adjusting Valve Shall be Self acting type, with setting pressure for Lube oil, Trip

oil and Control oil are at 1.0 bar (g) 4.0 bar (g) and 10.0 bar (g), repectively.

CHAPTER 4

CIVIL WORKS




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CHAPTER 4 CIVIL WORKS

4.1 GENERAL

Civil works includes temporary works, piling and foundations required to construct the

works and new buildings. The work shall be perform to meets with any requirements of a

Statutory Authority, national or internationally recognized standards or Codes of Practice

applicable in Thailand.

For part of the plant, part of it or system that requires to be enclosed, suitable building

shall be provided which meets the requirements of the local planning authority. The number of

buildings shall be according to the scope of supply.

4.2 SCOPE OF SUPPLY

Scope of design

- Engineering and detailing of all steel structures included in the power plant

delivery by contractor.

- Engineering and detailing of all civil works included in the scope of power plant

delivered by contractor.

- Engineering and detailing of HVAC

Scope of delivery includes:

- Anchor bolts for columns and equipment

- Structural steel for building frame

- Platforms and stairs made of steel and concrete, with handrails

- Wall and roof cladding for turbine house

- Roof for boiler house and water treatment (Acid treatment)





- Constructions for: turbine plant, boiler plants, stack foundation, water treatment

plant, transformers foundation, cooling tower, control rooms, MCC rooms, office

and utilities buildings

- Palm and Fiber outdoor storage yard

- Palm and Fiber Loading building

- Gate house

- Erection roads, storage areas within site boundaries

- Embedded steel for concrete works

- Plumbing

- Drainage

- Grouting under the columns and equipment

- Electrical hoist

- Erection of all structures

- HVAC

Exclusion:

- Site preparation, excavation and filling

4.3 DESIGN CRITERIA

4.3.1 General Design Criteria

The buildings and structures shall be designed to have a working life of 25 years of

which 15 years without major repairing or replacing of secondary or main structural elements.

The design shall reflect the tropical climatic conditions that pertain to the site and which

could normally be considered applicable during the working life of the works.





4.3.1.1 Site investigations

A Supplementary site investigation shall be carried out to obtain the information required

to produce appropriate foundations and substructures.

All structural civil, concrete and metal work will be designed and furnished as specified

under this section.

The specified live load in any area of floor or roof but not less than those required by the

applicable codes and regulations.

All dynamic loads as impacts or vibrations caused by machines or equipment’s at Power

Plant Area.

Any additional loads imposed by equipment, piping or duct work furnished under this

tender.

4.3.1.2 Wind load

Wind load shall be calculated according to local standard.

4.3.1.3 Seismic loads

Power Plant Site is located at earthquake zone 1 according to Thailand Earthquake

regulations.

4.3.1.4 Self-straining loads

All forces caused by temperature variations, shrinkage, creep, moisture expansion or

similar effects and differential settlement of foundations.

4.3.2 Foundations





Based on ground data available the following assumptions regarding the foundation

concept and soil conditions on the sites have been made:

All major foundations are to be piled, minor foundations will be rafted

The final foundation scheme to be adopted shall be based on the soil investigations and

shall be suitable to safe supporting of the loads imposed on them.

All concrete foundations and structures exposed to the ground will protected by bitumen

based damp proofing.

The delivery included design and construction work of foundations.

Reinforced concrete spread foundations, individual or raft or pile caps for buildings and

equipment

Reinforced concrete column pedestals extending approximately 500 mm above nominal

elevations unless required to be higher for process purposes or in potential spill areas.

Reinforced concrete tie-beams below grade to connect separate foundations. or pile

caps to each other.

The underside of foundations is assumed to be located 1.5 m below nominal elevations

of process building or structures and 1.0 m for secondary non-process buildings except,

where required to be higher deeper for structural or process reasons.

4.3.3 Concrete Structures

The delivery includes design and construction work of concrete construction.





4.3.3.1 Material of concrete

Reinforced concrete structures shall be designed in accordance with the latest version

of ACI-318, Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete.

4.3.3.2 Reinforcement

All reinforcement shall conform to ASTM-A615 or ASTM-A706 Grade 60 or equal.

4.3.3.3 Cementicious grout

Dry Packed grout is used unless otherwise specified to the Main building frames, as

noted in the individual building descriptions.

4.3.3.4 Floors

Ground floors are reinforced concrete slabs on well-compacted structural fill with slopes

and trenches or drains in wet areas.

4.3.3.5 Elevated floors

Reinforced concrete using formwork for concrete building frames with slopes and

trenches or drains in wet areas.

Reinforced concrete using permanent metal deck formwork for structural steel building

frames with slopes and trenches or drains in wet areas.

Galvanized steel sheet grating where concrete surface is not required.

Concrete floor slopes in wet areas are 20 mm/m in general or 30 mm/m where required

for process purposes.





4.3.4 Steel Structures

Structural metal work includes the following items:

Structural and miscellaneous steel required to construct and support the boiler,

including other building all component parts, equipment and building roof. Structural steel

supports for, and required access platforms to all equipment and ductwork included in the

supply.

Structural steel beams, columns, stair stringers, stair treads, rails, kickplate, grating,

ladders, and all other accessories required for floor, walkway stair and platform constructions

in boiler house.

The wall columns are hot rolled shapes or welded profiles.

The diagonal and lateral braces of walls are H-shapes or rectangular hollow sections.

The boiler columns are welded sections or hot rolled sections.

The boiler beams and primary beams on platforms are welded plate beams.

Roof purlin are hot rolled sections or weight beams

The horizontal bracing systems consist of lateral trusses which the platform beams and

the diagonal braces together are forming. The braces are H-shapes, T-shapes, or rectangular

hollow sections.





4.3.4.1 Material standard

Structural steel

All structural steel, bolts, galvanizing etc. in accordance with Finnsish, American, British,

Chinese and Japanese standards, depending on the place fabrication and availability of

materials. Materials to be used shall be defined in the early stage of the project.

Welded beams and columns shall be grade SS 50 or equivalent.

Hot rolled beams shall be grade SS 41 or equivalent.

Steel fabrication

Unless otherwise noted, conform with the local regulations.

Shop connections: welded connections.

Field connections: shall be mainly bolted connections and bolts are hot dip galvanized.

Connections for secondary structures like handrails, kickplates and secondary beams shall be

welded connections.

Platforms, stair and handrails

Minimum width: 800 mm

Minimum head room clearance: 2150 mm

Minimum clear access outside protruding items such as sootblowers, etc.: 600 mm.





Grating floors

The gratings are hot dip galvanized standard type steel gratings 33*100/(30*3)

Maximum opening on the grating shall be 30 mm x 97 mm.

Gratings shall be fastened to the supporting beams with saddle clip fasteners and self

tapping screws.

Checkered plate

The checker plate shall be provided for the oil dip.

Handrails

2-pipe horizontal rails are constructed with upper pipe centered 1070 mm and lower

pipe centered 583 mm above platform.

Connections: welded to the beams, removable railing with socket

Upright spacing: 1800 mm maximum c to c.

Kick plates are provided along all exposed edges of grating, stairs, walkways and

platforms, extending 100 mm above grating floor level.

Stairs

Stairwell will be made of steel and is locked beside of boiler house.





One separate maintenance stairway inside the boiler house from bottom slab to upper

platform.

Stair slope: (40°C) approximately 260 mm effective treads and 200 mm risers.

Stair width: 800 mm minimum

Along separated stairs from bottom floor will be provided access to all platforms used for

routine operations. The material of stair treads is hot dip galvanized steel grating.

Ladders

Ladders shall be provided for access to areas where stair access is no practical.

Walls and roof

Walls

Walls will be built of corrugated galvanized steel sheet with Polyester coating, purlins

and fastener.

Roof

The material of decking is corrugate galvanized Polyester coated metal sheeting.

Material of roof drains is galvanized metal, thickness 0.8 mm. Slope of the roof is 1:6. The

delivery includes roofs for turbine house, boiler building, water treatment (acid treatment), fuel

indoor storage and ash storage building.

Painting

All steel material furnished except machined surfaces or surfaces to be bonded to

concrete, or other items noted shall be cleaned and coated as required herein.





Coating shall be applied in accordance with the requirements of SSPC-PA1, the Steel

Structures Painting Council-Paint Application Specification No. 1, supplemented by the

coatings manufacturer’s requirement.

Painting shall include the protection of exposed surfaces, both interior and exterior, for

finished building structures, equipment, and other surfaces which are visible for painting.

Exterior Architecture Painting

All exterior steel material including steel shall be painted. All plaster surfaces shall be

painted. Concrete surfaces shall not be painted. Paint color shall match or harmonize with the

color of exterior face of the wall panels.

Interior Architecture Painting

All wall surfaces, doors, and frames that are not prefinished shall be field painted. All

steel surfaces that are not prefinished shall be field painted. Aluminum, brass, stainless steel,

or plastic surfaces shall not be painted. Plaster, concrete block, and gypsum board shall be

painted.

Equipment that is not prefinished and all metal equipment bases shall be painted.

General Plant Coatings System

Except for those surfaces determined not to be painted, all surfaces and other work

incidental to painting work requiring painting or coating shall be painted. A large part of the

work such as insulated piping, and insulated surfaces shall be covered with aluminum lagging

and shall not be painted.

Prefinished shop coated surfaces require no painting, except where repair painting shall

be applied to produce a finish equal to the shop finish.





Surface Preparation

Generally, all structural steel to be coated shall be cleaned to meet the requirements of

SSPC-SP6 Commercial Blast Cleaning.

Shop Applied Coatings

Generally, all structural steel shall be prime coated in the shop with inorganic zinc-rich

primer.

Generally, all structural steel shall be top coated in the shop with a polyurethane coating

of the same manufacturer as the primer.

Shop contact surfaces, such as the faying surfaces between connection angles and

beam webs, shall be either painted before assembly or be caulked around the periphery of the

contact area with a continuous bead of urethane, acrylic, butyl, silicone, or polysulfiede

caulkant after assembly and prime painting to prevent rust formation. Inaccessible surfaces,

the perimeters of which are continuously seal welded, need not be primed.

Steel surfaces not in direct contact that will be inaccessible after shop assembly, shall

receive one shop coat of the specified primer before assembly.

Milled surfaces shall be coated with a rust-preventive material after inspection and prior

to being placed outdoor.

4.3.5 HVAC

The delivery includes design and equipment of ventilation and air-conditions of office

building, control and electricity rooms.

4.4 DESCRIPTION BY BUILDINGS





4.4.1 Boiler Building

The building is founded on piles according to soil investigations. Pile caps are tight

together each other with tie-beams.

Major equipment at ground level is supported by foundations.

Ground slab shall be sloped to the channels

Roof is corrugated metal steel sheet.

The main frame of the building is structural steel

4.4.2 Turbine House

The building is founded on piles according to soil investigations. Pile caps are tight

together each other with tie-beams. The dimensions of the building (UVN-U-S5005) is 18.0 m x

37.0 m.

The ground level slab is supported by tie-beams. Between the slab and tie-beam it is

advisable to leave sufficient space for piping, channels etc.

Steam turbine and generator foundation shall be supported by piles down to dense soil

below. The foundation block is separated from other building structures.

Over head crane for turbine maintenance should be provided in turbine house.

4.4.3 Utilities Buildings

The following building will be provided for the plant:

- Administration offices

- Workshop and warehouse





- First aid

- Canteen

- Gate house

- Laboratory

4.4.3.1 Structural frame

All The building is founded on piles according to soil investigations. Pile caps are tight

together each other with tie-beams. The structures below the ground floor level shall be made

of reinforced concrete. Structural frame for the administration office building, canteen, first aid,

gate house and laboratory will be of reinforced concrete. Other buildings shall be of structural

steelwork.

4.4.3.2 External wall cladding

The main cladding material shall be a standard colored sheet metal cladding system.

The external walls for the administration office building shall be of concrete hollow blocks

plastered and painted on both sides.

4.4.3.3 Roof cladding

The material of roof cladding is corrugate metal sheeting.

With regard to fire, manually operated hatches for smoke ventilation shall be located

around the roof plan as is necessary.

4.4.3.4 Internal walls and partitions

Where required for structural reasons, sound transmission, or fire prevention, internal

walls shall be of concrete blockwork. Otherwise internal walls shall be of appropriate

lightweight panel construction.





4.4.3.5 Doors

Doors and frames required for the passage of the plant shall be mainly of painted steel.

Vehicle entrance and erection purpose doors shall be sliding folding type doors. Personnel

doors and frames shall be of solid cored timber with necessary furniture and closers. Doors

shall be flushed.

Locks shall be in suites with master keys.

4.4.3.6 Windows

Areas with permanent staff occupancy shall be provided with metal framed windows

with single glazing.

4.4.3.7 Floor finishes

Floors in control room, computer room and electronic room shall be provided with an

antistatic finish. Toilet and washrooms shall be furnished in ceramic tiling to both the floors and

walls.

Office building, Canteen, First aid and Gatehouse shall be finished to standards to

provide a pleasant and comfortable working enviorment.

Floors in workshop and warehouse shall be finished with epoxy paint. Floor in laboratory

shall be furnished in quarry tile.

Steel troweled surface hardened concrete shall be used in al other unfinished area in

buildings throughout the plant site. Floor covering on the turbine operation floor shall be

covered by floor hardener

4.4.3.8 Wall finishes





Concrete & plastered walls in general will be emulsion painted. In areas where the risk of

chemicals spillage the painting will be acid resistant.

4.4.4 Water Treatment Plant Foundation

The plant is founded on piles according to soil investigations. Pile caps are tight together

each other with tie-beams.

The ground level slab is supported by tie-beams. Between the slab and tie-beam it is

advisable to leave sufficient space for piping.

Roof is provided for the area of acid treatment. Material metal sheets. The main frame of

the building is structural steel.

4.4.5 Transformer Foundations

Transformer pens are founded on piled reinforced concrete foundations. The foundation

will include a reinforced concrete firewall, chain link fence and a holding sump with adequate

provision for rain water and will have a special oil removal system in case of oil spillage.

4.4.6 Oil Tank

Oil tank and bunded area shall be founded on piles accordance to soil investigations.

The requirement shall comply with the current regulations for the handling storage and use of

flammable liquids. The capacity of the bund shall be 110% of the volume of the tank. The

storage shall be equipped with adequate discharging equipment.

4.4.7 Cooling Tower

The cooling tower will be founded on piles according to soil investigations. The structural

frame for the cooling tower will be of reinforced concrete incorporating water basin and pump

compartment. The water basin will be of reinforced concrete.





4.4.8 Deaerator Supporting Frame

The supporting frame is structural steel are founded on piles according to soil

investigations. Pile caps are tight together each other with tie-beams. Ground slab shall be

sloped to the channels

4.4.9 Fuel Loading Building

The indoor building is founded on piles according to soil investigations. Pile caps are

tight together each other with tie-beams. Ground slabs are reinforced concrete slabs on well-

compacted structural fill with slopes and trenches for drainage.

The main frame of the building is structural steel.

Roof is corrugated metal steel sheet.

4.4.10 Outdoor Fuel Storage Area

The outdoor storage area is compacted gravel pavement. All area shall be design in

accordance with the findings of the specific site investigation and that the pavement layer

thickness will be based on in-situ CBR test carried out at the time of construction. The over all

area is about 40,000 square meter for 30 days storage. All pavements shall have sufficient

slope to provide for the rapid dispersion of water to the surface water drainage system (open

gutter around the area) under design rainfall conditions.

4.4.11 Conveyers Foundation

Conveyer steel feet are supported by piled foundations. Conveyerare supported by steel

columns. Foundation shall be concrete structure. One sided walkway for belt conveyors. Belts

are covered with steel plate.





4.4.12 Roads and Hardstandings

In general, all vehicle roads inside the area shall be of asphaltic concrete on hardcore

sub base including curbs. The width of the roads shall be 6 m. and secondary roads shall be 4

m. with bends and junctions suitable for the vehicles likely to use them. All road pavements

shall be design in accordance with the

findings of the specific site investigation and that the road pavement layer thickness will

be based on in-situ CBR test carried out at the time of construction.

Granular hardstanding around buildings and structures shall be supplied to provide a

trafficable surface for the access of vehicles.

4.4.13 Car Parking

Car park will be provided close to the main entrance gate and gate house.

4.4.14 Landscaping

Plant area will be shaped to smooth forms and deposited crushed rock, coarse gravel,

or seeded grass and trees and plants.

4.4.15 Raw Water Supply

The process water for the new power plant will be provided from the existing water

networks of the area.

4.4.16 Storm Water Drainage System

The water collected from all paved open areas shall be collected by open gutter along

roads and directed to the drain net connection at the nearby site boundaries. The design of

the storm water drainage system shall be based on the maximum amount of precipitation.

4.4.17 Sewerage and Drainage





The sanitary sewage will be discharged into the existing sewerage system of the area.

Non-contaminated rain water from the roofs will be discharged into the nearby treatment pond.

Oil-contaminated water will be led through an oil separator.


CSR-C-01 Office Building Floor Plan

CSR-C-02 Office Room

CSR-C-03 Laboratory Room

CSR-C-04 Canteen Room

CSR-C-05 First Aid Room

CHAPTER 5

ELECTRIFICATIONS




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CHAPTER 5 ELECTRIFICATION

5.1 OVERALL ELECTRICAL CONCEPT

5.1.1 General

The generated power from generator shall be step-up from 11kV up to 22kV by

generator’s transformer and connected to 22kV-switchgear, 22kV-transmission line feed power

to PEA grid line as shown in the attached single line diagram

The information relating to generator units and electrical equipment included in the

turbine-generator packages, as well as the equipment in the boiler are dealt with elsewhere

and are not covered by this description.

The plant auxiliaries systems are supplied from the 11kV switchgear by station auxiliary

transformers at 400V.

5.1.2 Voltages System

The power plant shall be used voltages systems of the following:

- 3 ~ 50 Hz 22 kV, earthed neutral, max. 23.1kV, min. 20.9kV for grid connection

- 3 ~ 50 Hz 11 kV, resistance earthed, for generators

- 3 ~ 50 Hz 400V, for station auxiliary, motors.

- 3 ~ 50 Hz 400 V, for LV distribution, LV motors, service power, single phase 230 V

supply

- 1 ~ 50 Hz 230 V, for UPS and control system

- 110 V DC, for protection and control

- 24 V DC, for control and signal exchange





5.1.3 Applicable Code and Regulations

All electrical equipment, materials, devices, fabrication and testing of the power plant

shall comply with the standard codes and regulations listed below:

- International Electrical Commission (IEC)

- The Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineer (IEEE)

- American National Standards Institute (ANSI)

- Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS)

- Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT)

- Provincial Electricity Authority (PEA)

- Thai Industrial Standard (TIS)

Regulations on the Synchronization of Generators to the Power Utility System shall

comply with PEA

Regulation for purchase of power from small power producers PEA

Updated issues requesting modification to power plant systems are subject to

Change Order.

5.1.4 Principles of Control for Electrical Systems and Generator

All electric transfer and distribution systems with in the power plant are controlled and

monitored in the control room by the PLC system. It contains necessary displays, controls,

measurements and alarm recordings. The steam turbine/generator control system are capable

for monitored and operated by the PLC system.

The control of process motor feeders is part of the process control in the Main control

room.

The local control at the switchgear feeder panels serve as a reserve control.





The normal start-up synchronizing and shutdown disconnection of the generator are

done using the STG 11kV generator circuit breaker.

5.2 SCOPE OF SUPPLY

5.2.1 General

The scope of supply under this study includes engineering design, manufacture, factory

test, delivery to site, equipment installation, field test and commissioning. The works shall be

composed of the following:

Limits of Supply

Description Contractor Other

PLANT ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS

Power supply to substation

11cable systems X

Generator switchgears X

Generator step-up transformer X

22 kV cable systems at plant side X

Generator protection X

Aux. Transformer protection X

Completion of STG-package (synch. protect.) X

Auxiliary systems

Station service transformers X

400V switchgears X

Station auxiliary transformers X

LV switchgears X





Description Contractor Other

DC&UPS equipment X

Power and control cabling X

400V motors X

Cable trays X

Control and protection systems

Transformer control and protection X

Plant energy metering X

Small power and communication systems

Close circuit television system X

Fire detection system X

Lighting and socket outlets X

Plant communication system X

Public Telephone system X

Grounding system X

Spare parts of plant electrical systems

Commissioning spare part X

POWER TRANSMISSION

22kV switchgear and protection at

power plant X

22kV transmission line (outgoing

from transformer) X

22kV connection to PEA grid line X

Revenue metering X

EGAT/PEA communications X

Remark:

X Work done by contractor.

The attached single line diagram presents the main connections and the concept.





5.3 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION (PLANT ELECTRICAL)

5.3.1 General

All the electrical equipment inside the power plant boundaries to be used as design and

performance criteria are as follows, any electrical equipment supplied under these

specifications shall utilize these conditions, unless otherwise specified:

Service condition

Altitude m above sea level 1000

Seismic design Zone 1 0.1g

Ambient temperature 0C 45

Relative humidity % 90

Atmospheric condition - Tropical

Wind speed km/hr 100

Ground resistance ohm-m Measuring At site

5.3.2 Generator Step-up Transformer

The generator step-up transformer shall be design and manufactured for out-door

installation and operated under the ambient temperatures as defined at chapter “3.1 General”.

The technical specification required data shall be as shown below:

Designation Unit BAT01

No. Of unit - 1

Rated power MVA 12.5 *

Standard - IEC 76

Rated frequency Hz 50

No. Of phase - 3





Temperature rise

Winding 0C 60

Oil 0C 55

Rated voltage

HV winding kV 22

LV winding kV 11

Basic Insulation levels

Impulse(HV/LV) kV 125/75

%Taps range on HV - 5x1.25%*

Tap changing - on load *

Vector group - YNd11 *

Impedance voltage % 9

Cooling - ONAN *

Painting (Finish color) - RAL 7032

Remark:

* Preliminary

5.3.3 Station Auxiliary Transformer

The Station auxiliary transformer shall be design and manufactured for out-door

installation and operated under the ambient temperatures as defined at chapter “3.1 General”.

The technical specification required data shall be as shown below:





Designation Unit BFT01

No. Of unit - 1

Rated power MVA 2.0

Standard - IEC 76


No. Of phase - 3

Temperature rise

Winding C 60

Oil C 55

Rated voltage

HV winding kV 11

LV winding kV 0.4


Impulse(HV/LV) kV 75/3

%Taps range on HV - 2x2.5%

Tap changing - off load

Vector group - Dyn11 *

Impedance voltage % 6

Cooling - ONAN

Painting (Finish color) - RAL 7032

Remark:

* Preliminary





5.3.4 11 kV Switchgear

The 11 kV switchgear shall be factory built air insulated assembly installed in climatized

electrical room. The individual panels shall be of self-supporting, freestanding, and cubicle

type. They shall be assembled of steel members and steel sheets and equipped with bottom

frames suitable for bolting to the concrete floor. The thickness of steel shall not be less than 2

mm and comprise with the following types of cubicles but may not limited to.

One (1) incoming cubicle from generator

One (1) incoming cubicle for generator step-up transformer

One (1) outgoing cubicle for station auxiliary transformer

Technical Data

Rated voltage kV 12


Number of phases - 3

Breakers

Incoming cubicle form generator Vacuum or SF6 1600A *

incoming cubicle to BAT01 Vacuum or SF6 1600A *

Outgoing cubicle to BFT01 Vacuum or SF6 400A *

Basic Insulation levels:

Impulse kV 75

Power-frequency kV 28

Rated breaking current kA 1 sec 25

Rated making current kA 63

Rated operating duty O-0.3 sec-CO-1 min-CO-1 min-CO





Auxiliary voltages:

Control and protection V DC 110

Indication V DC 24

Anti condensation heaters V AC 230

Remote control V DC 110

Degree of protection

Enclosure IP3X

Partition IP2X

5.3.5 11 kV Cable and Cable Termination

11 kV Cable

The power cable shall be cross-linked polyethylene insulated single core conductor and

maximum temperature 900C. The general construction and characteristics of the cable

described herein:

Rated voltage kV 12


Conductor

Material copper

Cross section area mm2 - *

Number of core - 1

Conductor shield semi-conducting XLPE

Insulation Cross-linked PE

Shield Anneal copper tape

Sheath PVC (Black)

Standard IEC 502 11 kV Cable Termination





The cable termination for indoor and outdoor shall be designed for use on cross-linked

polyethylene insulated single core conductor. The cable termination shall have thermal,

mechanical and Electro-magnetic strength sufficient to withstand, short circuit current and

thermal expansion. The sealing end shall be ensuring fully sealed cable termination.

Rated voltage kV 12


Insulation class kV 15

Basic insulation level kV 110

5.3.6 11 kV Distribution Board

The 11 kV distribution boards shall be connected in accordance with the single line

diagram attached and comprise the following:

One (1) incoming cubicle from 11 kV switchgear

One(1) outgoing cubicle for motor11kV/400V station auxiliary transformer

Technical data

Location indoor cubicle type electrical room

Rated voltage kV 12


Number of phases - 3

Breakers

Incoming cubicle from 11kV switchgear Vacuum or SF6 400A *

Outgoing cubicle for 11kV/400V station aux. transformer

Vacuum or SF6 400A *






Impulse withstand kV 12

Insulation voltage kV 110

Rated breaking current kA 1 sec 25*

Rated making current kA 63*

Auxiliary voltages:

Control and protection V DC 110

Indication V DC 24

Anti condensation heaters V AC 230

Remote control V DC 24

Degree of protection

Enclosure IP3X

Partition IP2X

Remark:

* Preliminary

5.3.7 LV Main Distribution Board & Motor Control Center

LV (400/230 V) distribution boards shall be understood to be Load centers, if applicable,

Motor Control Centers (MCC) and sub-distribution boards such as for lighting, air conditioning,

ventilation, etc.

Motor Control Centers are required for the power supply to LV motors rated less than

250 kW, to motorized valves, sub-distribution boards for lighting, etc.





The required main technical data of the load centers and motor control centers shall be

as follows:

Location indoor

Normal voltage 400/230 V

Rated insulation voltage 1.0 kV

Rated frequency 50 Hz

Type of system 3 ph, 4 w

Neutral grounding solid

Power-frequency test voltage 2.5 kVrms

Rated symmetrical breaking current 50 kArms

Rated peak short-circuit current 105 kAmax

Rated currents

Bus bars for

2000 kVA transformers 3200 * A

Incoming feeders as bus bars

Bus ties as bus bars

Neutral N 1/2 bus bar rating

Outgoing feeders as required

Cross-section of PE, minimum 150 mm2 *

Degree of protection, minimum IP3X

Auxiliary voltages

Local control 110 VDC(*)

Local indication 24 VDC(*)

Anti-condensation heaters 230 VAC

Remote control 110 VDC

Remark:

(*) Preliminary





6.3.8 DC-Supply System

The DC Supply Systems shall include the Batteries and the Battery Chargers.

The 110 V DC supply system is mainly required

- For power supply to DC motors (e.g. lube oil pumps, seal oil pumps, emergency

seal air fans, etc.)

- For control and protection

- For I/O power supply

The 24 V DC supply system is mainly required

- For C&I systems and for I/O power supply

- For position indication (e.g. of circuit breakers)

- For alarm annunciation

Batteries and Battery Chargers

The required main technical data shall be as follows:

Basic Data

Designation Unit 110 V DC 24 V DC

Batteries

- Number of cells

- Charging voltage per cell

- End discharge voltage per cell

- Voltage tolerance

-

V

V

%

54

2.23

1.87

+9.5 / -8.2

(110V = 100%)

12

2.23

1.87

+11.5 / -6.5

(24V = 100%)

Battery chargers





Designation Unit 110 V DC 24 V DC

- Rated input voltage

- Output voltage variation

- Output current limitation

- Ripple (peak-to-peak),

without batteries connected

V AC

%

%

%

400/230

+ 1

+ 2

4

400/230

+ 1

+ 2

4

Specific data shall be based on the following assumptions:

- Max. load currents estimated to be 1.4 times average load currents

- Min. battery capacities (Ah/10 h) corresponding to average load currents during a

1 hour period

Batteries

The batteries shall be of the sealed type low maintenance.

They shall be installed in standardized battery cubicles and/or mounted on wooden or

steel racks.

The cell containers shall be entirely closed and shall preferably be made of plastic.

Intercell and interrow connectors shall be designed for bolting for easy exchange of any

damaged cell.

The batteries shall be delivered to Site in dry charged condition.

Minimum capacity of each battery shall be to supply power to all DC consumers during

one (1) hour without the chargers in operation.





Battery Chargers

The battery chargers shall be of the static type provided with solid state control circuits.

The output voltage shall be maintained constant and just sufficiently above the open

circuit voltage of the battery to keep the battery in a fully charged condition, independent of

load variations or variations of the AC input voltage and frequency within the specified limits.

The battery and the battery charger shall permanently be connected in parallel with the

load. The charger shall supply the normal load current as well as the float charge current of

the battery.

In case of failure of the AC supply to the charger, the battery shall supply the load

current without interruption until the end discharge voltage per cell is reached.

Each charger shall be sized to recharge within 10 hours the fully discharged battery to

80% of its rated capacity while also supplying the average load current at the same time.

5.3.9 DC Distribution Boards

The required main technical data shall be as follows:

Designation unit 110 V DC 24 V DC

Nominal voltage

Rated insulation voltage

Power-frequency test voltage

Type of system

System grounding

Rated short-circuit current(*)

V

kV

kVrms

-

-

kArms

110

1.0

2.5

2-pole,2-wire

high resistance

based on battery

24

1.0

2.5

2-pole,2-wire

neg. M solidly

based on battery





Designation unit 110 V DC 24 V DC

Rated currents

- bus bars

- incoming feeders

- bus-ties

- outgoing feeders

Cross-section of PE, minimum

Degree of protection,

minimum

Auxiliary voltages

- local control

- local indication

- anti-condensation heaters

A

mm2

-

V

V

V

capacities

not less than

charger output

currents

as required

150

IP 3X

110 V DC

24 V DC

230 V AC

capacities

not less than

charger output

currents

as required

150

IP 3X

24 V DC

24 V DC

230 V AC

(*) Shall be determined when internal cell resistances of batteries shall be known

The main distribution boards shall include:

- Incoming feeder from battery charger

- Required number of outgoing feeders, mainly miniature circuit breakers (MCB)

and fuses

- 110 V DC feeders from common station boards to each Unit board

The following bus bars shall be provided:

- 110 V DC: L+, L-





- 24 V DC: L+, M

The 110 V DC system shall be an isolated system, equipped with a ground leakage

detection system.

The +24 V DC system shall have the negative pole (M) solidly grounded at a central

grounding point.

All necessary protective and measuring devices shall be provided for safe and reliable

operation of he DC systems.

5.3.10 Emergency Diesel Generator Sets

5.3.10.1 Generator

The diesel-generator, about 150kVA* at 400-230V, is required for the emergency power

supply in case of failure of the normal power supply.

Emergency power will mainly be required for:

- Battery chargers

- Control air compressors

- Emergency lube oil pumps

- Turbine shaft turning gear

- Fire alarm systems, etc.

- Emergency lighting

- UPS

- CCTV





The required main data shall be as follows:

Altitude Sea level

Room temperature

Set not running 10 to 45 C

Set at full load 50 C

Rated continuous generator output 116 kW (*)

Power factor 0.8

Rated voltage 400-230 V (*)

Rated frequency 50 Hz

Excitation system brushless

Starting time 15 second

(From initiation to full loading)

Control voltage 24 V DC

The diesel-generator plant shall consist of the following main equipment:

- 1 diesel-generator set complete with common base frame

- 1 control board for local control and power supply to the auxiliaries, including the

generator circuit breaker

- 1 set of auxiliaries, such as diesel oil storage tank, diesel oil day tank, fuel oil

transfer pumps, starting system, cooling fans, exhaust pipe with silencer, hoist for

maintenance, etc.

5.3.10.2 Local Control System

The control system shall be included the diesel-generator control board which shall also

include the power supply distribution to the auxiliaries.





The control board shall contain all necessary devices for an autonomous system, such

as:

- Indicating instruments, switches, push buttons

- Protective equipment

- Alarm annunciator

- Automatic and manual synchronizing devices

- Electrically controlled speed and voltage set point adjusters

5.3.11 UPS Supply System

The UPS supply systems shall include the Uninterruptible Power Supply equipment

consisting basically of inverters and distribution boards.

The UPS is required to supply power to all AC consumers of the Unit and of the station

loads respectively, which shall not tolerate any power supply interruption.

The required main data shall be as follows:

Rated input voltage 230 VAC, + 15%

Rated output voltage 230 V

Wave form sinusoidal

Distortion (0-100% load, p.f.0.8) 5%

Rated output (p.f.0.8 to 1 lag.) 7.5 kVA (*)

Rated output frequency 50 Hz

Type of system single-phase

Output voltage variation + 1%, steady state

Output frequency variation + 0.5%





Overload capability (inverter)

For 10 s 200 %

For 10 min 125 %

Overload capability (static by-pass) 100 %

Remark:

(*) Preliminary

The static by-pass switch shall automatically by-pass the inverter in case the inverter

should fail or in case of abnormal overload. The load normally supplied by the inverter shall

thus be connected to the normal AC supply system without power interruption.

To fulfill this requirement it is necessary that the inverter output voltage and the normal

AC voltage are synchronous.

A manual initiation of the static by-pass switch shall permit functional tests.

Furthermore, the manual by-pass switch shall allow de-energizing the inverter and the

static by-pass switch (e.g. during repair or maintenance) without power supply interruption to

the load.

The distribution board shall comprise molded case circuit breakers (MCCBs) and fuses

for the outgoing feeders.

All equipment shall be required to be suitable for continuous operation with ambient

temperature of 50 C and relative humidity of 95%.





5.3.12 Control System

See control and protection in chapter 6 Instrument and control

5.3.13 Low Voltage Cable System

The scope of work includes the design of the cable system, manufacture, factory testing,

delivery, installation and termination, field testing and commissioning of all LV and control

cable.

Applicable standards:

LV cables will comply with TIS Standards (TIS 11-2531)

Conductor identification colors will be in accordance with IEC466. Especially the colors

of neutral and protective conductors for the entire plant will be as follows:

Neutral N light blue

Protective conductors PE and/or PEN green/yellow

The cable insulation shall consist of

- PVC for LV cables

The cables shall be properly sized, taking into consideration the necessary de-

rating factors.

Cables shall be either pulled into conduits or duct banks, or shall be laid into

Toughing block, or cable trays. Cable trays shall be of the hot dipped galvanized steel type.

Cables lay in trays or on ladder type cables supports shall be properly arranged and fixed by

means of tie-wraps. Spacing between the cable trays will be 300 mm.





5.3.14 Small Power and Lighting

The lighting system inside the plant boundary shall include building lighting, plant

lighting, road lighting, and switchyard lighting, and lighting around the turbine-generator units.

Illumination level in different rooms and spaces will be according to CIE

recommendations.

Luminaries with tubular fluorescent, high-pressure sodium or SL lamps will illuminate the

room and working areas. The average illuminated level shall be as follows:

Turbine hall 300 lx HP

Boiler platforms 100 lx FL

Electrical room 300 lx FL

Battery room 200 lx FL

Relay room 300 lx FL

Warehouse 200 lx HP

Workshop 300 lx HP

Control room 500 lx FL

Office room 500 lx FL

Stairs 10 lx FL

Fuel unloading area 50 lx HP

Roadways 5 lx HP

Transformer area 20 lx FL

In addition, a self-contained emergency lighting system shall be installed.

Convenience outlets shall be installed in all rooms. Industrial-type power sockets shall

be installed in all areas where maintenance work will be carried out.





5.3.15 Grounding and Lightning Protection System

The grounding and lightning protection system will be designed according to IEC

Standards.

A complete grounding system shall be provided, comprising of ground rods ground

mats, bars and tapes.

All major equipment shall be connected to the grounding grid at a minimum of two

points. Metal structures shall be properly bonded.

Also included in the grounding system shall be lightning protection for the stacks, fueled

tanks and exposed structures.

5.3.16 Communication

A solid state public address/intercom system shall be provided, in addition to a solid

state telephone exchange for connecting to the public telephone system.

5.3.17 Fire-Detection

A complete fire-detection and alarm system, including a central monitoring panel shall

be provided. Fire-and smoke detectors shall be installed in all offices, workshops, equipment

rooms, and rooms containing hazardous material. The system shall be powered by a self-

contained battery.

5.3.18 CCTV System

The closed-circuit television system shall furnish for (CCTV) selected area of concern in

and around the Power Plant. All cables, signals, boosters, connectors, lighting, interfaces and

miscellaneous equipment required for a completely remote control system shall be furnished.





The CCTV shall compose cameras and associated mounts for monitoring of selected

areas throughout the Power Plant. The Contractor shall select equipment, which is suitable for

each environment in which it is to be used. At least 20% margin will be obtained from the

system for future extension without any modification or additional equipment except cameras.

The following is a tentative list of locations that will require process cameras:

- Conveyor, Boiler

Minimum degree of protection for equipment

Outdoor IP54

Indoor IP3X

The surveillance cameras shall be furnished and installed for the inside/outside plant’s

area to give the operator the visual monitoring in the control room.

The cameras shall be installed such that the effects of the sum do not affect the visual

monitoring of those areas. The cameras shall be designed to provide a visual evaluation of

those areas during both day time and night time operation under all weather conditions. The

cameras shall be capable of automatic, all electronic compensation for changing illumination

from bright sunlight to a night sky.

An environmental housing equipped with a remote controlled form the Control Room

shall be furnished for each camera to ensure adequate viewing under various operating

conditions.





5.4 ENERGY METERING

The energy metering shall consist of kWh meter and kVarh meter integrally mounted in

the same enclosure. The energy meter shall follow PEA regulation for revenue meter.

Owner will responsible of all permits and contact with PEA.

5.5 22kV TRANSMISSION LINE

The 22 kV transmission line scope shall be supplied and installed in order to connected

with PEA grid.

Owner will responsible of all permits and contact with PEA and Authorities.

5.6 22kV PEA GRID CONNECTION

The scope will be supplied and installed by PEA.

Owner will responsible for permit and contact with PEA.

5.7 SPP/PEA COMMUNICATION

The Communication system shall be provided between SPP and PEA. Data

communication link shall be provided from Terminal unit (TU) at SPP substation to Terminal unit

at nearest PEA substation for transmitting analog values (such as MW, MVar and etcs.) and/or

status points as specified in PEA regulation.

Teleportation system, Voice telephone system, party line, back-up voice between SPP

and PEA (by connect at SPP and at PEA substation) shall be provide.

The communication system between SPP to PEA substation shall provide at least two-

communication system that may link with PEA on a 24 hour basis.





Customer will be responsible of the all permits and contact with PEA, EGAT and

Authorities.


CSR-E-01 Electrical System

CHAPTER 6

AUTOMATION AND INSTRUMENTATION,

SYSTEM CONCEPT




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CHAPTER 6 AUTOMATION AND INSTRUMENTATION,

SYSTEM CONCEPT

6.1 GENERAL

Automation system concept for Project power plant consists of

- Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system

- Separate control systems for steam turbine, water treatment plant, etc. (PLCs)

- System integrate

- Control room

A preliminary system concept diagram is appended (Appendix 1)

6.2 AUTOMATION OF SUB PROCESSES

Control and monitoring of the following sub processes are implemented with the Main

Control System:

- Interface to separate control systems of the power plant:

- Interface to steam turbine/generator control and protection system

- Interface to boiler control system

- Interface to Interlocking system

- Interface to close loop control system

- Interface to water treatment plant control system

- Interfaces to other external control systems:

- Interface to grid company





6.3 CONTROL AND PROTECTION SYSTEM

6.3.1 Steam Turbine/Generator Control and Protection System

The steam turbine comprise of control and protection system included in the steam

turbine package. The system takes care of the speed and load control of the turbine as well as

technological protection of the turbine/generator. Steam turbine delivery also includes special

measurements such as vibration, measurements of the turbine-/generator, Alarms, commands,

(speed/power raise/lower, etc.) and measurements from steam turbine control and protection

system are connected via I/O-interface or bus/serial link (e.g. Modbus, TCP/IP etc.) to the

SCADA system so that the steam turbine control and monitoring is possible through the

monitors and operator terminals of the Main Control System alone. Most critical signals (plant

protection interface, etc.) are connected via I/O-interface.

Control of auxiliary systems of the steam turbine/generator such as lubrication oil, turning

gear, gland steam, generator cooling, are however, implemented in the interlocking system if

not included in the standard delivery package of a steam turbine controller.

The system also included generator electrical protection, excitation and synchronization.

These systems are connected to the SCADA system via serial link or I/O-interface so that

control and monitoring is possible through the monitors and operator terminals of the Main

Control System alone.

6.3.2 Boiler Control System

The boiler has its own control and protection system included in the boiler package. The

system takes care of the steam pressure, steam temperature, and water level control of the

boiler as well as technological protection of the boiler. The control system is connected via

serial interface to the main control system so that the control and monitoring of the boiler

control system is possible through the monitors and operator terminals of the main control

system alone.





6.3.3 Water Treatment Plant Control System

The water treatment plant is supposed to have its own control system (PLC) included in

the WTP delivery. The system takes care of the control of the WTP. The PLC system is

connected via serial interface to the main control system so that the control and monitoring of

the WTP is possible through the monitors and operator terminals of the main control system in

the main control room.

6.3.4 Interlocking Control System

The interlocking control system is expected to have its own controller included in the

system delivery. The system takes care of the control as digital control, binary control, discrete

control, sequential control and all motor interlock control of the whole process. The controller is

capable to connected via serial interface to the main control system so that the control and

monitoring of the process situation is possible through the monitors and operator terminal of

the main control system in the main control room.

6.3.5 Closed Loop Control System

The closed loop control system is comprised with its own controller included in the

system delivery. The system takes care of all the modulation control, analog control and

continues control of the whole process. The controller is capable to connected via serial

interface to the main control system so that the control and monitoring of the process situation

is possible through the monitors and operator terminals of the main control system in the main

control room.

6.3.6 Grid Company Interface (IF NEEDED)

Signals to/from EGAT can be connected to the main control system (Ethernet LAN) via

modems in electronic room of the Project power plant. However, the required interface

protocol has to be jointly agreed on and is thus excluded from the delivery at the moment.





6.4 FIELD EQUIPMENT

Field equipment, such as actuators, sensors, transmitters etc., are normal industrial type

equipment and comply with relevant DIN or IEC standards. Smart transmitters can be used

when prices are competitive.

6.5 INSTRUMENTATION CABLES

Cables used for instrumentation and automation system are multi-core (copper) twisted

pair shielded cables having a separate bare grounding wire. Bus cables are coaxial cables or

optical cables.

6.6 CONTROL ROOM

All the normal control and monitoring tasks can be performed in the main control room

via operator terminals of the Main Control System. In addition there may be separate local

control rooms where appropriate processes and be controlled and monitored.

6.7 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT

6.7.1 General

Degree of automation and basis of instrumentation design

The degree of automation shall be such that the control of the plant is automatic. The

detailed instrumentation design shall be based on the indications of the P&I diagrams and the

use of micro processor based control system, such as : programmable logic controller.

The control system shall be reliable and suitable for most control room activities such as

: process measurements and control, alarms, and recording.





The field instruments shall mainly be electronic/electric type and connected with the

automation system controllers in the control room; local pneumatic controller should only be

used in the less significant cases.

Identification of instrumentation

1) All instruments and equipment shown on the P&I diagrams and installation

drawings shall be in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations and good

engineering project.

2) Components of the some control loop shall have one reference number only.

3) Each field-mounted items of equipment shall have an individual nameplate

containing its tag number.

Transmitters and local instrumentation

Transmitters shall be of the high quality, electronic type, and shall have a two-wire signal

4 to 20mA, 24V DC supply. The location for wiring connection terminal of transmitter is

according to manufacture standard.


CSR-I-02 System Architecture

CHAPTER 7

BALANCE OF PLANT




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CHAPTER 7 BALANCE OF PLANT

7.1 FUEL HANDLING SYSTEM

The area of the Cassava Rhizome fuel handling system is shown on Dwg. No. CSR-P-01

Plant Layout.

The flow diagram of the Cassava Rhizome fuel handing system are shown on Dwg. No.

CSR-P-06 Fuel handling system and ash handing system flow diagram.

Main fuel of the power plant are Cassava Rhizome. The fuel handling system mainly

comprises of two sections, the fuel outdoor storage area and the fuel handling system for

supply to boiler. The power plant will be storage Cassava Rhizome in the fuel outdoor storage

area. The truck will be delivered Cassava Rhizome from the fuel outdoors storage area.

Cassava Rhizome from the fuel outdoor storage will be transfer to the loading pit by the front

loader. The fuel will be transferred to fuel silo of the boiler plant by the belt conveyor. The

scope of work for fuel handling system shall be completed design of equipment, construction

supply and erection work.

Ash handling and storage system of this plant are designed into two parts i.e. bottom

ash and fly ash. Bottom ash is from combustion chamber in the boiler and transfer out by

pneumatic system in order to stored in bottom ash silo. Fly ash is transfer out from the boiler by

pneumatic system and stored in fly ash silo. Bottom ash and fly ash will be storage in the silo

before transfer to landfill.

7.1.1 Scope of Work

The scope of work to be performed under the fuel handling system are specified in the

following equipment this section.





7.1.1.1 Fuel storage area and mixing fuel

Loading pit for cassava rhizome One (1) unit

Feeder for cassava rhizome One (1) unit

Chain conveyor for cassava rhizome One (1) unit

Steel structure & civil work described

7.1.1.2 Fuel handling system in boiler plant

Belt conveyor One (1) unit

Magnetic separator One (1) unit


7.1.1.3 Fly ash storage system

Slide valve One (1) unit

Pneumatic system for fly ash One (1) unit

Bottom ash silo One (1) unit

Rotary air lock valve for bottom ash silo One (1) unit

Pneumatic system for fly ash One (1) unit

Fly ash silo One (1) unit

Rotary air lock valve for fly ash silo One (1) unit


7.1.2 Fuel Storage Area

The outdoors storage areas are designed for receiving fuel from cassava rhizome, which

is transport to the outdoor storage area by the truck (10 wheeler). The outdoor storage area

capacity for 6 – 8 month consumption. The front loader will be transfer the cassava rhizome

fuels and dumping into the loading pits. Fuels will be transfer to the fuel silo of boiler by belt

conveyor.





The scope of work for the fuel storage is comprised of loading pit from cassava rhizome,

feeder for cassava rhizome, chain conveyor for cassava rhizome. Steel structure and civil

works are included, detailed as described in the drawings. Specifications for each item are as

the follows.

7.1.2.1 Loading pit for cassava rhizome

Duty: For receiving cassava rhizome from the fuel storage area

Chute profile: Discharge to one side

Material: Concrete + Carbon steel

7.1.2.2 Feeders for cassava rhizome

Duty: For feed cassava rhizome into chain conveyor

Chute profile: Discharge to one side

Installation: Install under loading pit for cassava rhizome

Drive: Electric motor (220 V, 50 Hz)

7.1.2.2 Chain conveyor for cassava rhizome

Duty: For transferring of the cassava rhizome

Type: Ascending and horizontal

Installation angle: 20° ascending


7.1.3 Fuel Handling System for Supply to Boiler Plant

The fuel handling system for supply to boiler is designed for 24-hour operation per day.

The system deliveries cassava rhizome from feeder by the belt conveyor, which transfers fuel

to the fuel silo of the boiler. Magnetic separator is also equipped at the last belt conveyor for

remove the metals from the fuel.





The scope of work for the fuel handling system in boiler plant is comprised of belt

conveyor for fuel and magnetic separator. Steel structure and civil works are included, detailed

is described in the drawings. Specifications for each item are as the follows.

7.1.3.1 Belt conveyor

Duty: For transferring of fuel from feeder into fuel silo for boiler

Type: Ascending

Belt Profile: Troughs belt (Three equal rolls)

Installation angle: 18.5° ascending


7.1.3.2 Magnetic separator

Duty: For Separating of ferrous from the mixed fuel

Location: To be installed above the belt conveyor BC-01

Separation efficiency: 95%

Magnetic capacity: App. 4 kW

Drive: Electric motor (220 v, 50 Hz)

App. 2 Kw

Direct voltage 115 V Rectifier

7.1.3.3 Ash Handling and Storage System

Ash handling and storage system of the power plant are designed into two parts i.e.

bottom ash and fly ash. The Bottom ash is from combustion chamber in the boiler will be

transfer to bottom ash silo (1 day storage) by pneumatic system. The fly ash is transfer out of

boiler by using pneumatic system and storage in fly ash silo (1 days storage). When the both

silos are full, air lock valve will be discharge the ash from silo to the truck (10 wheeler) and

delivered the both ash to landfill area.





The scope of work for the ash handling and storage system in power plant is comprised

of rotary air lock valve for boiler, pneumatic system for fly ash silo, bottom ash silo with vent

bag filter, rotary air lock valve for bottom ash silo, pneumatic system for fly ash, fly ash silo with

vent bag filter and rotary air lock valve. Steel structure and civil works are included, detailed is

described in the drawings. Specifications for each item are as the follows.

7.1.3.4 Rotary air lock for bottom ash silo

Duty: For on-off bottom ash from boiler

Material: Housing + Cover Aluminum

Blade: AISI 204

7.1.3.5 Pneumatic system for bottom ash

Duty: For transferring bottom ash to bottom ash silo

Blower Pump specification: Rotary Pump


Pipe and fitting specification: Carbon Steel

7.1.3.6 Bottom ash silo with vent bag filter

Duty specification: For storage bottom ash

Bottom ash specification: Temperature 150-200°C

Material: Carbon steel

Structure: Carbon steel

7.1.3.7 Rotary air lock for bottom ash silo

Duty: For discharge bottom ash from bottom ash silo


Blade: AISI 204





7.1.3.8 Pneumatic system for fly ash

Duty: For transferring fly ash to fly ash silo

Blower Pump specification: Rotary Pump


Pipe and fitting specification: Carbon Steel

7.1.3.9 Fly ash silos with vent bag filter

Duty specification: For storage fly ash

Fly ash specification: Temperature 150-200°C


Structure: Carbon steel

7.1.3.10 Rotary air lock for fly ash silo

Duty: For discharge fly ash from fly ash silo


Blade: AISI 204


7.1.3.11 Land Fill Area for Ash

Ash from the plant will be managed by landfill in the area of 4,800 m2 (3 rai). This field is

prepared according to the landfill principle, namely soil compact and line with HDPE and back

filled with soil then back filled with soil and HDPE again.





7.2 FEED WATER SYSTEM

The boiler feed water system typically consists of one (1) units of feed water storage tank

with dearator and two (2) units of feed water pumps. This function is employed to heat feed

water before entering the boiler plant. It also provides for desuperheating spray to the boiler at

temperature. Another function is to remove oxygen (O2) and carbondioxide (CO2) from return

condensate. The dearator is tray counter flow type and mounted with the horizontal feed water

tank. Outlet feed water will be supplied to boiler plant by feed water pumps.

Chemical dosing system for boiler feed water system will be also supplied. Ammonia

and hydrazine are fed continuously via dosing pumps into the feed water tank. Trisodium

phosphate are fed into the feed water line before economizer. The function of Ammonia and

Hydrazine dosing system are to control the pH and the oxygen content, and trisodium

phosphate is control the water hardness (minimize the internal deposits of calcium and

magnesium salts and the iron oxides) in the water/steam circuit.

Scope of Work

The system consists of the following equipment.

- Deaerator heater

- Feed water storage tank

- Accessories for deaerator system

- Feed water pumps

- Piping & valves system

- Control and instrumentation

- Chemical dosing system

- Civil work

Terminal Point

Outlet flange of extract steam and condensate pump

Inlet flange of boiler





7.2.1 Deaerator Tank

7.2.1.1 Deaerator Water Storage Tank

Parts of furnished

Deaerator proper: 1 set

Internal device such as tray, baffle: 1 set

Internal water spray nozzle: 1 set

Tank saddle and setting bolts/nuts: 1 set

Insulation: 1 lot

7.2.1.2 Deaerator Header

Quantity: 1 set

Principal specifications

Material of structure: Normal carbon steel

Parts of furnished

Tower proper: 1 set

Ladder and handrail: 1 set

Anchor bolts/nuts: 1 set

7.2.1.3 Control System

Quantity: 1 set

Type of instrumentation: Locally, electric transmitter system

Type of control valves: Pneumatic

7.2.2 Feed Water Pump

The typical feed water pump will be a multi-stage horizontal centrifugal driven by electric

motor. Feed water pump provides feed water from deaeartor storage tank to boiler plant. The

pressure head necessary to overcome the friction losses in the piping, and provide the

pressure required at the boiler inlet. A system resistance equal to the sum of the drum

pressure, the pressure loss through the economizer feed regulation/control valves, feed pipe





work up to economizer inlet, and static pressure difference between the pump and the boiler

drum center line.

7.2.2.1 Number of Set

Quantity: Two (2) units (2 X 100%)

7.2.2.2 Type of Pump

Type: Multi-stage

7.2.2.3 Driver

Kind: Electric motor

Type: T.E.F.C.

Electrical Supply

Voltage: AC 220V

Cycle: 50 Hz

Phase: 2

7.2.2.4 Material

Casing: Carbon steel

Pump shaft: Stainless steel

Impellers: Stainless steel

7.2.3 Chemical Dosing System

Dosing equipment for oxygen bounding and pH control chemicals will be as follows:

The dosing equipment for pH control will be used to feed dilute pH control chemical into

the feed water tank. Continuous pH chemical feeding will be automatically controlled based on

pH signal from the feed water pumps suction head sampling point.





Diluted pH control chemical will be added to the feed tank from the chemical storage

tank with barrel pump. Tank filling and maintenance of adequate contents will be manually

performed. A low-level switch will be provided for a warning to refill the tank and a low-low

level for alarm and pump protection

7.2.4 Conditionings of Steam and Feed Water

Steam

Nominal Continuous Rating, NCR 29.9 t/h

Live steam outlet pressure 58 bar(a)

Design pressure of the boiler 67 bar(a)

Live steam temperature 450 °C

Feedwater temperature 118 °C

Feedwater and steam purity quality follow the quality specified.

Feed water

pH at 25°C 8-9

Ca2+ +Mg2+ <0,005 mmol/l

O2 <0,02 mg/l

Boiler water

pH at 25°C <9,5-10,5

Conductivity <200 µS/cm

7.2.5 Ammonia Dosing System

pH control chemical will be fed continuously via dosing pumps into the feedwater tank

and condensate system to control the pH in the water/steam circuit. The pump flow can be

adjusted manually during operation.





The dosing plant will be completely skid mounted and controlled via the control panel of

the water treatment plant for local operation and control.

The storage tank will be equipped with level switches to indicate high and low level, and

additional low-level switch will protect the dosing pumps from running dry.

Scope of supply

Item

No. Equipment Quantity Unit

pH Control Chemical Dosing System

1 Storage tank 1 set

2 Chemical filling pump 1 set

3 Mixer with motor 1

4 Metering pumps, with isolation, pressure relief,

and check valves

2x100%

5 Interconnecting stainless dosing tubes 1 set

6 Instrumentation 1 set

7 Control panel with mimic board and data

exchange with the DCS system

1 pcs

7.2.6 Trisodium Phosphate Dosing System

Trisodium phosphate will be fed continuously via dosing pumps into the feedwater line to

control the water hardness and therefore minimize the internal deposits of calcium and

magnesium salts and the iron oxides in the water/steam circuit. The pump flow can be

adjusted manually during operation.

The dosing plant will be completely skid mounted and controlled via the control cubicle

of the water treatment plant for local operation and control.







Scope of supply

Item


Trisodium Phosphate Dosing System




and check valves

2x100%





1 pcs

7.2.7 Hydrazine Dosing System

The dosing equipment for oxygen bounding chemical will be used to feed dilute oxygen

control chemical into the feed water tank. Continuous feeding shall be automatically controlled

as a function of make-up water flow.

Deaerator outlet dissolved oxygen will be analysed and recorded to verify that the

dosage is satisfactory.

The dosing plant will be completely skid mounted and controlled via the control cubicle

of the water treatment plant for local operation and control.







Scope of supply

Item


Oxygen Control Chemical Dosing System




and check valves

2x100%





1 pcs





7.3 WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM

The function of the water treatment system is to produce the make up water supplied for

power plant. Raw water is pumped to pretreatment plant for clarification with chemical dosing

system, which has a function to remove the undesirable impurities in the water. Treated water

is delivered to the demineralization plant designed based on ion exchange technology. The

function of demineralization plant is to remove the ionic impurities in the treated water. The

demineralized water from demineralization plant is thus supplied as make up water to the

power plant. And the raw water quality design is shown in table below.

Parameter Unit Result

pH 7.60

BOD mg/l 1.8

Suspended

Solids

mg/l 23

Grease & Oil mg/l <0.2

Colour Pt-Co Unit 10.64

Conductivity µmhos/cm 302

Turbidity NTU 18.5

Temperature °C 28

Scope of Work

The system consists of the follows.

- Pretreatment Plant

- Raw water feed pump


- Clarifier tank

- Sand filter

- Process water tank

- Backwash pump





- Backwash Blower

- Civil work

- Demineralization Plant

- Demin feed pump

- Carbon filter

- Cation exchanger column

- Degasifier

- Transfer pump

- Anon exchanger column

- Mixed bed polisher

- Make-up water storage tank

- Make-up water pump

- Regeneration system

- Civil work described

-

Terminal Point

Inlet raw water pump

Outlet flange of make up water pump

7.3.1 Pretreatment Plant

The pretreatment plant shall provide clarification, filtration, and chlorinating of raw water

to supply treated water to the demineralization plant. A portion of the treaded water is supplied

as makeup water to the cooling tower. Service water is also used for sanitary purposes, and

general plant uses

The pretreatment plant shall receive raw water from the raw water reservoirs. Water shall

be pumped by raw water pumps to the clarifier tank, where it shall be treated with a coagulant,

a coagulant aid, and lime for clarification and stabilization. Water from the clarifier tank shall

flow through sand filter tanks, where the suspended solids over from the clarifier tank are





separated. Treated water shall be storage in process water tank prior to supply to

demineralization plant and used as makeup to the cooling tower and as service water. A

system flow diagram of the pretreatment plant is shown on drawing no CSR-005. The scopes

of supply for pretreatment plant are consists of as the follows.

Pretreatment plant capacity: 65 m3/h

7.3.1.1 Raw Water Feed Pump

Quantity: Two (2) sets

Capacity: 65 m3/h

7.3.1.2 Chemical Dosing System

Cl2 Dosing

Number of tank: Two (2)set

Number of pump: Two (2)sets

Pump type: Metering diaphragm

Pump capacity: 5 l/h

7.3.1.4 PAC Dosing

Number of tank: Two (2) set

Number of pump: Two (2) sets



7.3.1.5 Polymer Dosing

Number of agitator: Two (2) sets

Number of tank: Two (2) sets

Number of pump: Two (2) sets







7.3.1.6 Clarifier Tank

Quantity: One (1) set

Volume capacity: 65 m3/h

Type: Vertical cylindrical

Material: Steel with epoxy coated

Coating: Inner epoxy coated, Outer painting

7.3.1.8 Sand Filter with Accessories


Flow capacity: 65 m3/h


Material: Mild steel plate


Filter Media: Selected sand

Selected gravel

7.3.1.9 Backwash Pump


Capacity: 150 m3/h

7.3.1.10 Backwash Blower


Capacity: 6.5 m3/min

7.3.1.11 Treated Water Tank


Capacity: 100 m3





7.3.2 Demineralization Plant

The function of the demineralization plant is to provide high quality demineralized water

for using as makeup to the power plant steam cycles. The demineralization plant also supplies

the water for various uses during start-up, such as hydrostatic testing, chemical cleaning,

displacement flushes after cleaning, and wet storage.

The demineralization plant shall consist of two production trains. The treated water

supply to the demineralization plant shall be taken from the process water tank by demin feed

pumps and is delivered to activated carbon filter. Dissolved organic compounds and residual

chlorine shall be removed. The treated water shall then pass through the cation resin. A forced

draft degasifier shall exchanger, which shall contain strong acid cation resin. A forced draft

degasifier shall follow the cation exchanger for the removal of carbon dioxide. The anion

exchanger, which shall contain strong base anion resin, shall follow the degasifier. The mixed

bed exchanger shall contain both strong acid and strong base resins and shall be located

downstream of the anion exchanger. The mixed bed exchanger shall further reduce the ions

not removed by the primary pair of exchanger. The mixed bed exchanger receives very little

ion exchange load in normal operation, but is required to control leakage and for operating

flexibility and reliability.

When an exchanger becomes exhausted, the demineralizer shall be removed for service

and the exhausted exchanger shall be regenerated. Hydrochloric acid shall be used for

regenerating the cation resins. Sodium hydroxide shall be used for regenerating anion resins.

The regeneration waters shall be directed to neutralization system. Demineralized water shall

be storage in make up water tank prior to supply by makeup water pumps to use as makeup in

feed water tank. A system flow diagram of the demineralization plant is shown on drawing

CSR-006. The scopes of supply for demineralization plant are consists of as the follows.

Quantity: 2 (Two) trains





Capacity: 6 m3/h

7.3.2.1 Demin Feed Pump


Capacity: 3 m3/h

7.3.2.2 Carbon Filter with Accessories




Material: Mild steel plate.


Filter Media: Activated carbon

Selected sand/gravel

7.3.2.3 Cation Exchanger Column with Accessories




Regenerant: HCl 35%


Coating: Inner hard rubber lining, Outer painting

Filter Media: Cation resin

Inert resin

7.3.2.4 Degasifier


Tower


Filter Media: Rasching ring packing





Tank

Type: Vertical Cylindrical

Capacity: 500 ltrs

Blower

Type: Fan

Capacity: 10 m3/min

7.3.2.5 Transfer Pump

Quantity: Four (4) sets

Capacity: 3 m3/h

7.3.2.6 Anion Exchanger Column with Accessories




Regenerant: NaOH 50%



Filter Media: Anion resin

Inert resin

7.3.2.7 Mixed Bed Polisher with Accessories




Regenerant: HCl 35%





NaOH 50%

Material: Mild steel plate, thickness 3 mm


Filter Media: Cation resin

Anion resin

7.3.2.8 Makeup Water Storage Tank



Capacity: 50 m3

7.3.2.9 Makeup Water Pump


Capacity: 8 m3/h

7.3.2.10 Regeneration System

Regenerate pump


Capacity: 3 m3/h

Measuring Tank


Capacity: 200 ltrs

Chemical Storage


Capacity: 6 m3





Fume Scrubber


Heat Exchanger with Accessories


Capacity: 1 m3/h

Inlet temperature: 25°C

Outlet temperature: 50°C

Required steam: 100 kg/h

7.4 STEAM TURBINE SYSTEM

The function of the steam turbine shall be to conversion of the thermal energy of steam

produced by the boiler to mechanical energy required to drive the generator and provide two

extraction steam lines for heating steam required in deaerator and for process steam. The

generator converts the mechanical energy to electrical energy, which is transmitted through,

the generator breaker to the generator step-up transformer.

Steam will be supplied to the steam turbine from boiler via the main steam supply piping.

Main steam will pass through the steam turbine stop valves and control valves before entering

the steam turbine.

The steam turbine bypass system is provided to bypass the steam produced in the

boiler passes through steam turbine bypass station before dumps to condenser. Spray water

for desuperheater in the bypass station shall be provided from the condensate system.

The functional turbine bypass station is to employ to reduce the pressure and

temperature of high-pressure steam bypassed from main steam piping before entering the

main condenser. It will be operated in two different modes.





During start-up operation of boiler plant, the low load firing rate control loop regulates

the boiler-firing rate to raise the gas temperature at furnace exit and build up the drum

pressure. The drum pressure is maintained at manually adjusted setting point by modulating

steam flow to the condenser through the turbine bypass control valve.

During the turbine trip, high-pressure steam from boiler plant is bypassed and controlled

through the turbine by-pass control valve.

Scope of Work

The system consists of the following equipment.

- Steam turbine bypass valve

- Control valve

- Instrument & accessory

- Steam piping

Terminal Point

Main steam piping

Bypass steam piping

7.4.1 Steam Turbine Bypass Valve

Actuator : Hydraulic or pneumatic

Body material : Alloy steel

Preliminary design values

Inlet steam mass flow : 39.6 t/h

Inlet steam pressure : 50 bar(a)

Inlet steam temperature : 450 C

Spray water pressure : 67 bar(a)





Spray water temperature : 117.6 C





7.5 COOLING WATER SYSTEM

The cooling water system mainly consists of two (2) units of main cooling water pumps,

two (2) units of auxiliary cooling water pumps, one (1) unit of a mechanical draught cooling

tower, chemical dosing system piping system and control system. The cooling water system

provides cooling water to the condenser for the condensing main steam turbine and to the

auxiliary cooling water heat exchanger for steam turbine and other equipment. The function of

the system is to convey the heat load from the condenser and dissipate it in the atmosphere by

evaporation at the cooling tower.

Cooling water quality will be maintained at acceptable levels through the utilization of

chemical additives and blow down of cooling water to holding pond of the waste water system

and discharged to the out side cannel. The quality of blow down from cooling water will be

determined based on maintaining allowable cycles of concentration. Makeup water, which

replaces water lost due to evaporation, drift and blow down will be introduced from process

water tank of the water treatment system.

System control will be from the control room. Control modes will be established for

normal startup and shutdown and cooling water pump start/stop and equipment protection

interlocks.

Scope of Work

The system consists of the follows.

- Cooling tower

- Main cooling water pumps

- Auxiliary cooling water pumps

- Piping system

- Control and instrumentation


- Civil work





Terminal Point

Inlet flange of cooling tower

Outlet flange of main cooling water pump and auxiliary cooling water pump

7.5.1 Cooling Tower

The cooling tower will be induced mechanical draft design equipped with fans, gear

drivers and fan motors to induce the required draft. The cooling tower capacity is designed to

reject waste heat from condenser and auxiliary heat exchangers employed in steam turbine

system. The material of cooling fill will be corrosion resistant. Cooling tower design will be 3

cells.


Quantity: One (1) unit

7.5.1.2 Type of Cooling Tower

Type: Induced draft Cooling Tower

Flow principle: Counter flow

Number of cell per cooling tower: 3 cells

7.5.1.3 Fan Design and Power Consumption

Number of fans: 3 pcs

Type of fan: Axial

7.5.1.4 Electrical Supply

Voltage: AC 380V

Cycle: 50 Hz

Phase: 3





7.5.2 Main Cooling Water Pump

The main cooling water pumps will supply cooling water from cooling tower basin to the

steam condenser. Hot water from the operating condenser will be returned to the cooling

tower through the cooling water piping. The cooling tower will cool the hot water and then

collect in the basin where it will flow to the suction of main cooling water pumps, and the cycle

is repeated.


Quantity: Two (2) units (2 X 100%)


Type: Horizontal & Centrifugal

7.5.2.3 Driver

Kind: Electric Motor

Type: T.E.F.C.


Voltage: AC 380V

Cycle: 50 Hz

Phase: 3

7.5.2.5 Material

Casing: Cast iron

Shaft: Stainless steel

Impeller: Bronze

7.5.3 Auxiliary Cooling Water Pump

The auxiliary cooling water pumps will supply cooling water from the cooling tower to the

operating lube oil and other system. Hot water from the operating lube oil system of steam





turbine will be returned to the cooling tower through the auxiliary cooling water piping.

Similarly, the cooling tower will cool the hot water and then collect in the basin where it will flow

to the suction main cooling water pump, and the cycle is repeated.


Quantity : Two (2) units (2 X 100%)


Type: Horizontal & Centrifugal

7.5.3.3 Operating Condition

Pumping liquid: Cooling water

Liquid temperature: 32°C

Capacity : 150 m3/h

7.5.3.4 Driver

Kind: Electric Motor

Type: T.E.F.C.


Voltage: AC 380V

Cycle: 50 Hz

Phase: 3

7.5.3.6 Material

Casing: Cast iron

Shaft: Stainless steel

Impeller: Bronze





7.6 ABOVEGROURD PIPING & VALVE

7.6.1 General

7.6.1.1 General Description

This specification covers the basic requirement for design and layout of all process and

utility piping system for Cassava Rhizome Power Plant Project.

7.6.1.2 Code and Specification

Unless otherwise specified, all process and utility piping systems shall be designed in

accordance with ASME B31.1 for Power Piping

Steam boiler external piping shall comply with ASME B31.1 and Section 1 of the ASME

Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. All other process piping shall comply with ASME B31.3.

Reference to any Standard or Code shall mean the latest edition of that Standard or

Code.

7.6.1.3 Scope of Supply

The scope of work for piping work includes

- Installation, erection and testing of prefabricated interconnecting piping

- Identify in the termination point, insulation works and/or touches up final painting,

where applicable

- Supply fabrication shop drawing, surface preparation and shop painting

- Installation and erection of pipe support, touch up and/or final painting

- Fabrication, erection and testing of all process, auxiliary and utility piping in biding

scope, including surface preparation and shop painting, touch up and/or final

painting





- Supply and installation of insulation work in bidding scope

- Supply and installation of standard pipe supports

7.6.1.4 Terminal Point

The termination of the pipe work are tabulated as the follows

Item Line name From To

1 Main steam piping Gate valve at main steam

header

Steam turbine inlet flange

2 Turbine bleed piping Turbine extraction outlet

Flange

Deaerator inlet flange

3 Desuperheater piping Connection of flange boiler

feed water pipe

Flange on desuperheater

spay inlet at turbine by

pass valve and gland

steam.

4 Main Cooling water

piping

Main cooling water pump

outlet

Flange on inlet/outlet

condenser

5 Auxiliary Cooling

water piping

Auxiliary cooling water

pump outlet

Cooling tower outlet flange

Generator air cooler inlet

flange

Lubricant oil cooler inlet

flange

Flange on inlet cooling

tower

Flange on auxiliary cooling

water pump inlet

Generator air cooler outlet

flange

Lubricant oil cooler outlet

flange

6 Feed water piping Deaerator outlet Flange Flange on inlet economizer

Flange on minimum flow

feed water pipe

7 Make up water piping Flange on make up water Deaerator Flange





Item Line name From To

tank header Flange on overflow make

up water pipe

8 Condensate piping Flange on outlet

condensate pump

Connection of flange make

up water pipe

Flange on minimum flow

condensate pipe

9 Chemical feeder

piping

Chemical feeding outlet

flange

Flange on boiler feed pipe

10 Compressed air

piping

Shut off valve at receiver

tank

To shut of valve at air

header piping of each plant

11 Fuel oil piping Flange on fuel oil tank Flange on boiler burner.

7.6.2 Piping Requirement

7.6.2.1 General Piping

Design Consideration

The following items shall be considered for piping engineering and design.

- Safety

Safety shall be considered to the plant design, especially for personnel safety with

sound engineering. At all points where lines of lower service rating connect with higher rating

the block valve between the class conform to specification of higher rating.

- Accessibility

Access for operation, maintenance and escape way for emergency shall be

maintained.





- Operability

Operability shall be sufficiently considered for all components in plant. Space,

elevation and location shall be considered in order to provide an easy and safety operation.

- Maintainability

Space for pulling, temporary storage, maintenance work and construction

equipment shall be provided adequately for all components. Piping shall be well arranged so

that it will not hamper the maintenance work.

7.6.2.2 Arrangement and Clearances

Piping systems shall be arranged as simple as practicable to achieve the economical

design for total plant.

Pipe runs shall be grouped as reasonable as practicable for easy and efficient support

design.

All piping within the process units shall run overhead where possible. The lines shall run

on sleeves when overhead is impracticable. Lines run in trenches shall be avoided wherever

possible.

Piping sleeves shall be set in walls or floors where lines are running through sleeves

shall be sized to permit flanges in the line to pass through.

All piping components, which require normal operation, frequent adjustment, regular

attention by operator or maintenance personnel, shall be accessible from grade, platforms or

ladders.

Piping design shall have no interference with other facilities such as equipment,

structures, cables, underground facilities, etc.





Line carrying high viscosity fluids, etc., shall have a continuous slope and self drain as

specified in the P&ID.

The pipe ways shall provide adequate space for installation of instrument & electrical

cable trays or conduits.

A minimum side clearance of 25mm shall be provided between parallel lines or between

flange and pipe (insulation). Thermal movements shall be taken into consideration in

determining side clearances (refer to Piping Standard Drawings).

The minimum horizontal walkways clearance between piping and mechanical equipment

shall be 750 mm.

The minimum overhead clearances to the underside of flanges insulation, and structural

members are as the follows:

Main plant roads 7,000 mm

Secondary roads 4,500 mm

Above platform walkways & grade 2,100 mm

Inside building or within common equipment group 2,100 mm

Access-ways, under pipe ways 3,000 mm

At grade (sleepers) 300 mm

7.6.2.3 Piping Flexibility, Supports, and Anchors

Piping systems shall be designed to allow thermal expansions and contractions.

Stresses created by loads such as live load, dead load and test load, wind load,

earthquake vibration if required, shall not exceed the allowable stresses prescribed in

ANSI Code.





Provision of thermal expansion shall normally be made with pipe loops. Expansion joint

shall be avoided if possible.

All piping systems shall designed so that the forces and moments applied at the flanges

of mechanical equipment, such as pumps and compressors, shall not exceed the allowable

values specified by the manufacturers of the equipment.

Relief valve discharge piping and supports shall be designed so that a stress created by

connecting lines will not overstress the relief valve body. The reaction forces during discharge

shall be considered. Relief valve manifolds including pipe supports shall allow the removal

and replacement of the valves.

Pipe supports, guides and anchors shall be indicated in the pipe support location plan

drawings.

Suction and discharge lines on reciprocating pumps and compressors shall be

adequately supported and anchored.

Care shall be taken to support design for large air and vapor lines that are not to be by

hydrostatically tested.

The design philosophy for pipe supports, which are connected directly to the piping or

pipe insulation is summarized as the follows:

a. Un-insulated lines

All piping shall not be supported on pipe shoes.

b. Insulated for hot service





All piping shall be supported on pipe shoes or saddles, which allow for the full

insulation thickness.

c. Insulated for code service

All piping shall be isolated from structural support members by the addition of a load-

bearing metal sleeve outside of the insulation.

7.6.2.4 Branch Connections

Branch connections shall be designed in accordance with ANSI B31.1 or Project

specification for piping and valves.

7.6.2.5 Pipe Sizes

The minimum thickness of threaded pipes shall be Sch. 40 in carbon and alloy steel, and

Sch. 40 in stainless steel.

7.6.2.6 Fittings and Bends

Welding elbows shall be the long-radius type. Short radius elbows are avoids unless

restricted by space limitations.

Bends shall be used in piping conveying solids.

In principle, the bending radius shall be more than 5 times the nominal pipe diameter in

pneumatic conveyance.

Miter bends can be used for low-pressure process and utility piping when specified in

Project Piping Material Specification.





Welding reducers and swage nipples shall be used for reducing pipe sizes. Screwed

bushings shall not be used.

7.6.2.7 Flanges

Break flanges shall be limited to connections at flanged equipment and valves or the

place requiring frequent dismantling of piping system for maintenance.

Where equipment nozzles are provided with flat face cast iron flanges, the companion

flanges shall also be flat face with a full-face gasket.

Welding neck flanges shall have the equal bore to the inside diameter of connecting

pipes and fittings. The flanges shall be taper bored if the thickness difference exceeds 1/16

inch.

The bore of welding neck orifice flanges shall be exactly equal to the inside diameter of

connecting pipes.

Reducing flanges may be used to substitute the flanges and the reducers. But shall be

approved by project engineer.

7.6.2.8 Valves

Valves shall be provided where they are shown on the P&ID.

Valves should not be installed with stems below horizontal position or projecting into

passageways unless otherwise specified.





Where block valves are used in branch lines form headers, they shall be located in

horizontal runs so that lines will drain ways except where valves shall be installed with a

minimum dead end.

Operating valves, emergency valves, control and motor operated valves, shall be easily

accessible form grade, platforms, stairs or ladders for operation and maintenance.

Swing type check valves shall be installed in either the horizontal or vertical up flow

position.

When wafer type valves are used, enough length spool piece should be provided to

operate the wafer.

Geared operators shall be provided for frequently operation valves or in high-pressure

services in accordance with project piping material specification.

7.6.2.9 Control Valves

Control valves stations shall be accessible from grade or platforms.

The sizes of any block or bypass valve in the control valve manifolds shall be in

accordance with the specified on the P&ID. Unless otherwise

Control valves shall be generally installed with the stem in a vertical position, with the

bypass line arranged not to obstruct the maintenance space for control valves.

For easy removal, the treaded control valves shall be provided with additional break

flanges at the both sides of control valves.





Where control valves are adjusted in conjunction with locally mounted level indicators,

they shall be place at the same operating level and located where the instrument can be

readily observe while the control valve are adjusted.

One valued drain shall be provided at low point between control valve and upstream

side block valve unless otherwise specified.

7.6.2.10 Relief Valves

Relief valves shall be installed in upright position and be accessible from grade of

platforms.

Relief valves shall be located higher than the relied header and as close as possible to

the protected line or equipment with no pocket.

Relief valves discharge piping to vent header shall be drained automatically. The vent

header shall be sloped toward the vent knockout drum with no pocket.

The discharge line form a relief valve to atmosphere shall be 3,000 mm above the

highest 6 mm weep hole shall be provided at the lowest point of the discharge lien. The hole

should preferable be as close as possible tot he relief valves.

7.6.2.11 Vents and Drain

Vent and drain connections shall be provided according to good engineering practice.

Other drains and vents at low and high points shall be added for hydro-test. The vent or drain

connection may be added by using and branch connection as required by the pipe nipple,

and valve with the same pressure Class as the piping spec. After testing, the valve shall be

blinded off.





Type of drain and vent connections given in the Piping Standard Drawing shall be

selected depending on the applicable service classes and purpose.

Drains to floors or into open receptacles shall be terminated 50mm above the

receptacles for visibility from the drain valve.

7.6.2.12 Sample Connections and Sample Coolers

The type of sample connections and sample coolers given in the Piping Standard

Drawings shall be selected depending on the applicable service classes and purpose.

All sample connections shall be accessible form grade or top lines with a reasonable

short lead line.

7.6.2.13 Blanks

The blanks shall be provided as specified on the P&ID. The types of blanks shall be in

accordance with Piping Standard Drawings.

7.6.2.14 Strainers

Permanent strainers shall be provided at the locations as shown on the P&ID.

Temporary strainers for start up shall be installed in all pump and compressor suction

lines with that have no permanent strainers. Conical type shall be used for temporary.

7.6.3 Concept of Piping Design

7.6.3.1 Piping Around Equipment

Pump Piping

The suction lines of pumps should be as short and direct as possible without pockets.





Piping should be designed and arranged so that free headroom and end clearance are

provided for removal of pumps and or drivers.

Flexibility with adequate supports shall be provided so that no undue pipe load is

transmitted to the pump. When it is supported from grade, adjustable pipe supports shall be

used.

A temporary strainer shall be provided between the pump nozzle and the block valve in

the suction line unless a permanent strainer has bee specified. Dimensions of strainers shall

be in accordance with piping standard drawings.

The strainers shall be located as close to the pumps as possible. Suction piping shall

be designed so that the temporary strainers can be easily installed or removed without

springing the pipe.

Pump discharge pressure gage shall be visible from where the discharge block valve is

operated.

Compressor Piping

Compressor suction and discharge lines shall be arranged to have equal distribution

where parallel operation is anticipated.

Compressor suction and discharge lines shall be arranged so that liquid draining to the

compressor is prevented.

Valves and instrumentation shall be located in convenience place for operation and

maintenance.

Piping shall be arranged with reasonable access and clearance.





Where vibration is highly anticipated, lines associated with compressors shall be

analyzed for vibration as well as for thermal expansion.

The natural frequency of support lengths for compressor piping shall be checked.

Storage Tank Piping

Tank piping shall run with shortest distance to the main pipe rack or sleeper with

consideration of flexibility and tank settlement.

First pipe support from the tank is designed in away that it can prevent the pipe from

damage due to the settlement of the tank location.

Concrete firewall where pipe lines are go through, shall be provided with adequate

sealing devices.

All tank nozzles not in use shall be furnished with blind flanges or plugs

Tower and Vessel Piping

Piping and nozzles shall be arranged to avoid disturbance against down comers,

pressure gage, level instrument connection etc.

The tower drain may be connected to the bottom outlet line and located outside the skirt.

The drain shall be provided at low points to empty tower completely.

The skirt height of towers and vertical vessels or bottom elevation of horizontal vessel

shall basically be in accordance with the P&I D. If the height is not suitable, it may be

increased or decreased with the following consideration, where it is in adequate for the

required pump NPSH, where adjustment is needed for piping arrangement, where headroom

is to be kept.





Exchanger Piping

Exchanger piping shall be arranged flexible enough so that blind flanges or blanks can

be installed to isolate the exchanger bank or permit removal of the tube bundles. Removable

spools shall be provided where necessary.

Exchanger piping shall be arranged with adequate space between adjacent exchangers

for maintenance.

7.6.4 Piping System

7.6.4.1 Steam and Condensate System

All supply shall be taken off the top of main horizontal header with a block valves in the

horizontal run of the branch line as close as possible to the header.

In steam condensate lines, pockets should be avoided to prevent water hammer.

When steam traps are placed inside the building, their discharge shall be outside the

building.

Steam traps shall have adequate strainers and be removable for maintenance.

The steam trap shall be installed according to followed with the Piping Standard

Drawings.

7.6.4.2 Water System

Water piping shall be arranged that the whole water system can be completely drained

when the unit is shut down.





Potable or drinking water system shall be completely separated from any other process

piping and equipment to prevent the process fluid flowing into water system.

7.6.4.3 Plant Air System

Air piping shall be arranged for complete draining, drain valves shall be provided at the

low points in the piping system.

All inlet and outlet branch lines shall be taken off from the top of main horizontal header

with a block valve in the horizontal run of the branch line ad close as possible to the header.

7.6.4.4 Instrument Air System

The instrument air is only used for instrument service. It shall be entirely separated from

the plant air system.

7.6.5 Piping Specification

Main steam piping: Seamless A335 P22

Turbine bleed piping: Seamless A106 Gr B

Desuperheater piping: Seamless A106 Gr B

Condensate piping: Seamless A106 Gr B

Main cooling water piping: ERW A53 Gr. B

Auxiliary cooling water piping: ERW A53 Gr. B

Feed water piping: Seamless A106 Gr B

Make up water piping: Seamless A312 TP316L

7.7 COMPRESSED AIR SYSTEM

The compressed air system ensures a sufficient quantity of compressed air to be supply

for power plant. The function of the system is to produce and distribute necessary

instrumental air and pressurized air needed for other purposes such as for equipment in boiler

plant, steam turbine plant, water treatment plant and workshop. Flow diagram of compressed





air system is enclosed in drawing CSR-007. Compressed air system is start from the compress

air unit then led to the air receiving tank and pre-filters, which removes larger particles in the

air and then compressed to the air dryer, which is equipped with a bypass line. Dried air is

then led to the post filter to remove some moist and oil. The receiving tank will act as an air

storage for rapid air consumption. Compressors will start automatically when the pressure in

the receiving tank drops below the set value. Air needed for service air (e.g. tools) will be

extracted from the same system.

7.7.1 Scope of Work

The system consists of the following main components:

Air compressors cooled by air: 2 pcs

Receiver: 1 pcs

Dryer: 2 pcs

Pre air filter: 2 sets

Post air filter: 2 sets

Commissioning and testing: 1 set

7.7.2 Terminal Point

Air compressor unit

Air header

7.7.3 Preliminary Design and Operation Condition

Air quality

Particles < 1 mg/m3

Oil content < 0.1 mg/m3

7.7.4 Specification of Air Compressor

Quantity: Two (2) units





Type: Rotary screw air compressor with variable

speed drive

7.7.5 Specification of Air Tank



Acc: Auto drain, safety valve, pressure gauge

7.7.6 Specification of Air Filter


Dust content: 1 micron

Acc: Auto drain, diff gauge

7.8 WASTEWATER SYSTEM

The wastewater treatment system shall comprise of a neutralization tank, septic tank,

sand removal ponds, a sludge pond, oil separator and a holding pond. The process flow

diagram of wastewater treatment system is shown in CSR-006.

The wastewater system is designed to treat wastewater from several sources of power

plant. A single holding pond is also intended to collect wastewater from every source of the

power plant before releasing to the outside channel. Sewage water from office building shall

be treated by septic tank before being delivered to the sand removal pond and then to a

holding pond. Oil contaminated wastewater (fuel oil tank, transformer and process area) are

treated at oil separator prior to discharging to the outside channel. The boiler blow down and

cooling water blow down shall be directly routed to the sand removal pond before routed to a

holding pond. Wastewater from regeneration process (demineralization plant), chemical

cleaning and drainage is treated at neutralization tank to control the pH-value (6-9) and

pumped to the sand removal pond before releasing to a holding pond. Wastewater from





backwash and drainage (pretreatment plant), are routed to sludge pond in order to remove the

semimetals, clear water is divert pumped to clarifier tank.

Rain water from the outdoor cassava rhizome storage is routed to another sand removal

pond before releasing to the raw water pond.

7.8.1 Scope of Work

- Septic tank

- Neutralizing tank

- Neutralizing pump

- Oil Separators

- Sand removal ponds

- Sludge pond

- Holding pond

- Piping work

7.8.2 Specification of Neutralizing Tank


Shape: Rectangular cubic

Material: RC + FRP Lining

Capacity: 5 m3

7.8.3 Specification of Neutralizing Pump


Capacity: 5 m3/h, 25 m

Material: Stainless steel

Motor: 380 Volt, 50 Hz, 3 phase





7.9 FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM

The fire protection and fire detection equipment will be designed in general compliance

with NFPA recommendations.

7.9.1 Scope of Protection

The fire protection system will be provided as the following locations.

- Main transformer and auxiliary transformer

- Steam turbine lubrication oil tank

- Start up oil tank for boiler

- Boiler plant

- General building

- Automatic control room

- Main electrical room

- Fuel conveyers

7.9.2 Scope of Work

The scope of work fire protection system will be provided as the following systems.

- Fire water supply and hydrant

- Water spray

- Foam system

- Fire extinguisher

- Fire pump station

- FM-200 fire suppression system

- CO2 fire suppression system

SECTION 5

GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS



Section 5 General Technical Requirements Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency

GHD (Thailand) Co., Ltd. Page 1 of 53 Consultants of Technology Co., Ltd. K:\KC\ \ \- 2549 \2-4 \SECTION 5 GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENT.doc

SECTION 5

GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

CONTENT

CHAPTER 1 General CHAPTER 2 Technical Requirements for Mechanical Equipments CHAPTER 3 Technical Requirements for Electrical Power

Systems

CHAPTER 4 Technical Requirements for Instrument and Control Systems

CHAPTER 5 Technical Requirements for Civil Works

CHAPTER 1

GENERAL





CHAPTER 1 GENERAL

1.1 General Requirements

The details given within this section of the document are intended to define

the level of technical quality – Specific details are therefore subject to change as the

detailed designs developed and should not be considered as a limitation on the

Contractors responsibility to achieve a viable solution to the functional requirements of the

works.

All deliveries shall be of good engineering practise and of common power plant

standards.

VDU “Properties of water and steam, in SI – units” edition 1989 or equivalent, shall be

used. SI – units shall be used.

1.2 Basic requirements

- All systems and components included in the supply shall be based on well

functioning and well proven design.

- Contractor shall be able to prove that the basis of equipment and chosen

system have been tested and that such operational experience is

available.

- Contractor shall make efforts to minimise the number of sub – suppliers,

and to limit the number of manufacturers for components with the same

type of function.

- Failure of equipment, hardware or software must no result in danger to

personnel, surroundings or equipment in the Plant.

- In case of power grid blackout the plant shall safely be taken out of

operation.

- Contractor shall take in consideration the local variations in temperature,

Humidity etc. which may have an influence on components.





1.3 Marking and identification

- All materials within the supply shall be marked for identification during

manufacture and erection per relevant QA procedure.

- A plant numpering and nomenclature system shall be developed and

agreed upon with the Authority. The system shall be used on all contract

drawings, specifications, instruction manuals, plant nameplates and

labels.

- In addititon to item designation signs, equipment shall also be provided

with a marking plate specifying at least designation manufacturing number

and make.

- Instruction plates, nameplates and labels shall be fitted on all apparatus

before commissioning.

- Pressure vessel signs shall fulfil the requirements of the relevant standard

and Thai Regulations.

- All markings, signs and labels shall be mounted in a permanent manner

and shall be made of a material that can resist the environment in

question.

- All sign shall be located horizontally.

- Signs and labels shall be located in such manner that there is no doubt as

to the component to which the sign refers.

- Signs and labels shall be located so that they are readable, either from

floor level or from the place from which the component is normally

operated or maintained.

- If components are hidden during operation, marking shall be duplicated

- All signs and labels shall be written in English.

1.4 Requirements on cleanlimess

- Contractor shall apply a high degree of cleanlimess during manufacturing,

transport, storage erection and commissioning. Contracor is responsible

for ensuring that sub-suppliers also fulfil requirements on cleanliness.

- Contractor shall establish a cleaning program.





1.5 Transport and storage

- Transport to the site shall take place under such conditions and by use of

suitable type of packing, that any risk for damage, corrosion or

contamination is avoided. Special care must be taken to protruding

connection pipes, electric equipment machined surfaces etc.

- All tube ends shall be covered by plugs.

- Opening in electrical motors should be covered by tape or equal.

- All machined and unpainted surfaces shall be coated with a temporary

corrosion protection (Tectyl or equal).

- Materials and components shall be stored under such conditions that

damage due to weather, humidity, violent handling or dirt, not will occur.

- Various material/components shall not be mixed with each other.

CHAPTER 2

TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS

FOR MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS





CHAPTER 2 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS For MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT

2.1 General requirements

2.1.1 Refractory

- The design and installation of refractory and choice of refractory material

must be done with carefulness. Instructions from the refractory material

manufacturer (s) must be followed in detail.

- Refractory material must not:

Contain asbestos

Contain corrosive products.

- All refractory shall be designed so it will not be damaged or destroyed by

cracking caused by thermal expansion.

- All refractory shall be designed so that no sand or ash can entry in expansion

gaps, cracks etc. and destroy or damage the lining.

- All refractory shall be designed and installed so erosion on pressure parts is

avoided.

2.1.2 Materials

- Contractor shall be responsible for ensuring that the material used in systems

and components are suitable, with regard to operation conditions and

standardisation.

- The selected corrosion resistance of the selected material shall not be

affected by welding or heat treatment.

- Gasket material must not:

Cause corrosion

Contain asbestos.

- Rubber bound asbestos-free (fibre glass etc.) flat gaskets must not be used

at temperatures higher than 150-C, and not in steam systems.

- Unless otherwise specified, expanded graphite shall be used in stuffing

boxes.

- Spiral-wound gasdet shall either be placed with inner or outer support rings.





2.1.3 Welding and heat treatment

- All welding shall be performed according to established Welding Procedure

Specifications (WPS).

- All heat treatment – both Post Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) and heat

treatment after hot or cold forming – shall be performed according to

established heat treatment specification.

- Welding and heat treatment specifications shall be accounted for to the

degree specified in inspection plans or inspection programs.

- Repair of pressure part materials shall be performed in accordance with

applicable standards and regulation. Repair of materials shall be performed

according to repair procedures.

2.1.4 Pipe systems

- Pipes shall be designed and installed so that harmful vibrations and

disturbing noise are avoided.

- Special care shall be taken when designing pipe suspension, so that no

abnormal forces are transferre to connecting headers/pipes and/or other

equipment.

- Supports on pipes connected to flanged components shall be designed so

that the component can be removed without the need for extra braces on the

pipeline.

- Pipelines shall be installed inclined, so that they can be drained and

evacuated completely If not, intermediate drain and ventilation valves shall be

installed.

- Pipeline systems including bends/elbows, branches, flanges, fittings etc. shall

be designed nad manufactured with the use of compatible materials.

- Pipes in the sampling system shall be made in stainless steel and have a

minimum internal diameter of 5 mm.

- Pipes in the dosing system shall be made in stainless steel and have a

minimum internal diameter of 10 mm.

- The Faulty eccentric running of tube bends must not exceed maximum value

in accordance with applicable pipework code or standard.

- Oil pipes shall be provided with trays, where leakage are to be expected.





- After erection, where possible, pipelines shall be cleaned internally by

flushing or steam purge. For system where this is not practical, clean erection

techniques shall be adopted.

- Pressure and tightness tests shall be performed after cleaning, but prior to

final surface treatment or insulation of the pipeline.

- Testing and adjustment of safety devices shall be performed, before taking

the pipeline in operation.

2.1.5 HP/HT piping

The HP/HT pipe system shall be designed in order to:

- Achieve a homogenised steam temperature.

- Optimise the pressure drop

- Minimise noise

- Minimise the start-up time

- Achieve a modern safety system

Forces transformed to the turbine shall be minimised. Forces from the pipe

system shall carefully be transferred to the building.

2.1.6 Valves

- Valves shall be dimensioned so that they do not constitute the weakest

component in the pipeline, both regarding stremgth and pressure drop.

- Function and sealing must not be jeopardised by extermal loads on the

pipeline or by operating temperatures, both during normal operation and

transient conditions.

- Isolation (double) valves shall be installed in systems with an operationg

pressure above 4, 0 Mpa where they may be needed for maintenance during

operation.

- If the function of the valve si dependent on the direction of flow, this shall be

permanently marked on the casing of the valve, by means at an arrow or

similar marking.

- It shall normally be possible to open and close shut – off valves against the

maximum pressure difference.





- The direction of rotation for closure shall be clockwise. This also applies when

the valve is provided with an actuator, spindle extension or similar.

- Shut – off and control valves, shall be provided with mechanical position

indicators.

- Actuators shall be dimensioned with a good margin for manipulation under all

specified operation conditions.

- Remote control valves shall be provided with limit switches.

- Shut-off valves for live steam, and feed water system shall be valves with full

bore.

2.1.7 Insulation

- All surfaces (boiler walls, ducts, pipes, components etc.) with a temperature

exceeding 50-C during normal operation with ambient temperature below 25-

C, or 30-C above the surrounding air temperature measured 1 m from the

surfaces, shall be thermally insulated to maintain this limit of cold surface

temperature.

- Personal protection shall be provided for exposed surfaces with a

temperature exceeding 50-C where it is not necessary to insulate such as

safety valves and similar components whose function will be limited by

insulation.

- Cold surfaces shall, whenever necessary, be insulated to avoid condensation.

- Insulating material:

Must not contain asbestos

Must not contain corrosive products

Must not contain flammable products

For thermal insulation for temperatures above 150-C mineral wool with a

density of 100 kg/m3 shall be used.

- Use of galvanised wire at temperatures above 300-C is not allowed.

- All insulation shall be provided with covering plates.

- Covering plates for larger surfaces shall be trapezoid shaped, plain plate for

pipes, components etc.

- Covering material may be:

- Aluminium plate





- Treated steel plate (painted, aluminised etc.)

- Insulating material shall be used which retains its insulating properties for a

minimum of 25 years.

- It shall be possible to remove and reinstall insulation over flanges, valves,

manhole covers etc.

2.1.8 Surface treatment

- Contractor shall work out a program for surface treatment and painting, and

shall submit the program to Authority for review.

- Structures shall as far as feasible be designed, and components selected, so

that they do not contain pockets or columns, which may make surface

treatment difficult. Steel structures shall, to the extent required, be provided

with drainage.

- Standard components shall be surface treated using methods which, to the

greatest extent possible, comply with the surface treatment program

established by Contractor.

- Colours shall be selected in consultation with the Authority but, generally for

the equipment the colours will be in accordance with the manufacturesrs

standard.

- Galvanissing shall normally be hot-dip galvanising according to relevant

standards.

- Surfaces/components which can be subject to temperatures > 300-C must

not be hot-dip galvanised.

2.2 Specific requirements

2.2.1 Steam boiler

- The boiler system shall be designed so that dangerous or disturbing

vibrations, oscillations or pulsation’s do not occur and that thermal

expansions do not cause dangerous stresses or permanent deformations.

- Special care shall be taken to minimise stress concentrations by

determination of wall thickness in the steam drum, large fittings etc. Cracking

o the magnetite layer caused by high stress levels shall be avoided.





- Design pressure for the furnace, cyclone system and rear pass shall be at

least + 5000 Pa.

- Membrane walls, plate walls and plating at manholes, inspection openings,

instruments nozzles etc. shall be gastight.

- The steam drum shall be designed so that internal inspection of it is possible.

It shall be equipped with two manholes.

- Air and flue gas velocities shall be chosen so that erosion is avoided.

- All parts inside the boiler flue gas side shall be accessible for proper

maintenance.

- The furnace tubes shall not be affected by abnormal forces from the

buckstays, especially not during start-up and/or at changes in load.

- Boiler suspension shall be designed according to the ASME standard.

- Special care shall be taken to minimise the variation in load for each hanger

caused by expansion. If necessary spring loaded hangers shall be used.

- Distribution headers at the steam & water side shall be provided with

inspection nozzles, size DN 100 according to the ASME standard.

- Is shall be possible to drain the boiler completely.

- It shall be possible to evacuate all air from the boiler.

- Pressure parts at the gas side shall have a cottosion allowance of at least 1

mm – if nothing else is specified.

- The faulty eccentric running of tube bends must not exceed the maximum

value in accordance with relevant pressure vessel code.

2.2.2 Air and flue gas system and Bag Filter

Air and flue gas system

- The plate thickness for air and flue gas ducts shall be at least 4 mm.

- Air and flue gas ducts shall be continuously welded.

- Ducts shall be suspended to allow all kind of expansions, movements and

vibrations.

- Design pressure for air/flue gas ducts, air registers/ash hoppers shall be at

least + 5000 Pa

- All penetrations and joints shall be gas tight, or sealed by sealing air.

- Ducts shall be provided with expansion joints, designed for each medium.





- Expansion joints shall be gas tight and designed with a sufficient margin to

the current parameters.

- Fluegas ductwork will be designed to ensure the avoidance of dew point

corrosion at the normal operating temperatures.

Bag Filter

- Bag Filter shall be continuously welded.

- Design pressure shall be at least + 5000 Pa

- Materials in Bag Filter shall be chosen so that corrosion from condensing acid

vapours are avoide.

2.2.3 Fuel handling equipment

- Fuel bunkers shall be designed in order to avoid:

Arching

Ineffective fuel volumes

- Waste fuel conveyors downstream of the mill shall be enclosed.

- Lignite conveyors shall be covered.

- Connections between conveyors and the boiler shall be provided with

expansion joints.

- Feeding of fuel to the boiler shall be as smooth as possible, in order to

prevent pulsation’s in the combustion.

2.2.4 Ash, bed material and limestone handling equipment

General

- Conveyors shall be enclosed.

- Conveyors shall have a proper surface treatment to avoid corrosion caused

by wet ash and/or high sulphur content.

Ash

- The risk with CaO content in the ashes must be considered in the design of

the ash handling systems.





2.2.5 Fans, pumps and other rotating machines

- The fan/pump characteristics including fans and pumps which operate in

parallel shall ensure that unstable flow conditions do not occur between

minimum and maximum flow.

- All fans/pumps shall be dimensioned with a flow margin of at least 10%

- The shaft sealing shall be chosen according to current conditions. If

necessary – for fans – sealing air shall be used.

- It shall be possible for pumps and other machines to remain stand-by filled

with fluid, without being damaged by the fluid. Nor shall machines in stand-by

mode be damaged by vibrations from surrouding equipment.

- The function of fans/pumps and other rotating machines shall not be

influenced by loads and temperatures to which they can be subjected during

normal operation or in transient conditions.

- Where necessary to avoid harmful translation of vibrations, fans, pumps and

other rotating machines shall be isolated from their foundation by springs,

rubber mounting or equal. For larger equipment, the foundation may be

isolated.

- Materials in flue gas fans shall be chosen so that corrosion is avoided

2.2.6 Steam Turine Plant

(1) General

At major penetration of the turbine casings such as extraction’s, and at the

turbine ends boroscope/camera inspection shall be possible.

(2) Turbine rotor

The critical speed of the rotor assembly shall deviate sufficiently from

operating speed/frequency

Vibration level according to ISO 3945 level “good”. The vibrations

measured at the sides of the bottom part of the bearing pedestals in vertical direction.

Dynamic balancing shall comply with ISO 1940.





When a short circuit in the generator or a disturbance on the grid occurs

the rotor assembly shall be able o withstand the induced stresses without harmful

deformations.

Holes and discontinuities may not be placed such that the strength of rotor

is jeopardised.

Complete rotor with blading shall undergo an overspeed test in vacuum at

120 speed during 3 minutes.

(3) Blading

The design shall permit replacement of all turbine bladings

The blades are to be safely dimensed for at least 20% rotor overspeed

(4) Turbine Casings

The casings and shaft seals shall be arranged symmetrically such that

sealings and adjustments are not jeopardized and leakage does not occur. The guides

are to be arranged in a manner that all thermal movements guided from the rotor centrum.

Creeping, fouling and other changes which may occur as a ersult long duty shall

not negatively influence the possibility of disassembly and assemble the casing.

The turbine shall have two extrations for bleeding steam to a feed water heater and

aerator.

(5) Sealings

The sealings shall be of labyrinth type andare ot be assembled non-rigidly

to the stator by springbach device.

The rotor sealings may not be welded to the rotor.

Gland sealing will be porvided from the main steam supply. No external supply is

required for start up.





(6) Bearings

The journal and thrust bearing shall have forced lubrication to ensure

efficient lubrication and cooling of the rotor at the bearing end. The resulting axial forces

to the thrust bearing shall throunghout the turbine load range, not include discontiuity’s

that will endanger the dynamics.

Lubrication system

The main pumps shall be direct or AC driven and have AC back-up

The lubrication system shall provide sufficient lubrication during turbine shut-off

also in the situation of AC-failure.

The primary oil piping after the filter shall be of stainless steel.

Flexible piping are not allowed to contain rubber or similar materials.

The oil filter shall be of the 2 x 100% Duplex type.

The oil tank shall be coated internally with a coating resistant to oil and heat.

(7) Control

Turbine control can be sliding pressure.

(8) Steam Systems

General

The steam systems shall be designed and installed in a way that gives a

minimum of pressure drops and gives a minimum of forces and torques at the connecting

points.

Main Steam System

Compensating bellows may not be use in the HP-steam system.

CHAPTER 3


FOR ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS





CHAPTER 3 TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ELECTRICAL POWER SYSTEMS

This section specifies supplementary requirements for the electrical power system.

3.1 Overall Requirements

When designing parts of the electrical power plant that are dependent on layout,

consideration shall be given to personal safety, the risk of disorientation, the effect of

short-circuiting on the premises, and operational reliability.

3.2 Generator

3.2.1 General Requirements

All metallic materials shall meet the requirements of current national standards

with regard to composition and strength properties. Authority shall be given the results of

technical analyses and tests.

3.2.2 Generator stators

The generator shall be designed as a three-phase synchronous generator with

Y-connected windings.

The generator shall be fitted with complete neutral point equipment consisting of:

- a dry type single phase distribution transformer with a grid resistance of

rugged construction connected to the secondary winding that limits current

leakage to 10 A in the case of a single – phase earth fault.

- Voltage transformer and non-linear resistance for rated voltages of > 10.5 kV.

The stator winding on the generator shall be fully insulated to insulation class

F(155) in accordance with IEC 85.

The generator shall be fitted with anti-condensation heaters.





3.2.3 Rotor and shaft

The rotor windngs shall be provided with insulation in accordance with

temperature class F (155) as per IEC 85.

The temperature increase in the rotor windings, determined by means of

resistance readings and by measuring the temperature of feed air, shall at rated data

meet the requirements of insulation class B (130) in accordance with IEC 34-1.

3.2.4 Excitation equipment

The excitation system shall be of brushless type.

3.2.5 Cooling system

The generator shall be equipped with a sealed cooling air system comprising

cooler and all other necessary equiment.

3.3 Generator Switchgears And Generator Busbars

3.3.1 Generator switchgear including generator breaker

The generator switchgear shall be installed in a separate operation room.

For the switching of the generators, a 3-phase circuit-breaker shall be in stalled.

The generator-breaker shall in all respects fulfil the requirements to IEC 56,

1987, (High-voltage alternating current circuit-breakers). The generator switchgear shall

fur-thermore fulfil other applicable IEC standards. The generator switchgear shall be

capable of interrupting generator fed fault currents with high DC offset.

3.3.2 Generator bus bars

The generator busbar shall fulfill applicable IEC standards.

Use is made in the text of the general term “generator bus bars”. The

requirements specified apply irrespective of whether bus ducts or cables are used.





3.4 TRANSFORMERS

3.4.1 Power transformers

Power transformers (including auto-transformers), with the exception of certain

small and special transformers as specified in IEC 76-1, shall be designed in accordance

with the requirements of IEC 76 Power transformers and IEC 606 Application guide for

power transformers.

3.4.1.1 Supplementary requirements

Operatin Conditions:

The higher permissible sound level will be determined in accordance with IEC

551.

Tap changer

Unless agreed otherwise, the transformer shall be provided with tap changers. A

mechanical indication device, easily legible from the service side, shall specify the status

of the tap changer.

Cables and monitoring devices

Junction, connection and control boxes shall be positioned at a convenient

height above the floor/ground (about 1.5 m).

Placing

Unless otherwise agreed, the transformer shall be placed outdoors.

3.4.2 Dry-type power transformers

Dry-type power transformers shall be designed in accordance with the

requirements of IEC 726.

3.4.2.1 General requirements

The transformers shall be placed in separate cabinets/cubicle.

3.4.2.2 Additional equipment

All transformer fittings shall be provided with the following additional equipment:

- Tap changer by links and other means





- Winding thermometers. The presentation section shall consist of maximum

value indicators and adjustable, completely separate, signal and tripping

contacts. The presentation section shall be visible from the front of the

transformer enclosure.

3.4.2.3 Installation

Transformers shall be installed in such a way that the following requirements are

met:

- When the transformer and low voltage switchgear are interconnected,

connection to the transformer outlet shall be made with flexible connections.

3.5 MEDIUM VOLTAGE SWITCHGEAR

These technical requirements specify supplementary requirements to IEC 298

High-voltage metal – enclosed switchgear and controlgear. For equipment and

components belonging to the switchgear, but not included in IEC 298, other applicable

IEC Standards shall apply.

3.5.1 Design and construction

3.5.1.1 General

The medium voltage switchgear shall be designed to guarantee personnel safety

with regard to the thermal and dynamic stresses that can occur in connection with short-

circuiting between open electric arcs.

The cubicle shall be of the air insulated, metal – clad type. Components shall be

arranged in separate compartments with metal partitions.

All fault occurring within an (particular) unit shall be restricted to that unit and

except for busbar faults shall not cause shut – down of other than the effected unit it self.

The switchgears shall be equipped withdrawable circuit breakers.

Necessary coupling relays for interconnection with the process control system

shall be placed in the low voltage compartments of the cubicle.





Switchgear shall be assigned to prevent the propagation of faults and contact

with live parts. All components shall be so mounted in the switchgear as to ensure easy

access to terminals.

Contact – compression of cable lugs shall be carried out in accordance with

approved methods.

3.5.1.2 Busbars and connections

Main busbars for the switchgear shall be sized to carryrated curent throughout

the entire length without exceeding specified temperatures at stated ambient. Primary

busbar and connections between the several pieces of apparatus forming the quipment

of cubicle shall be made of high conductivity copper. The busbar connections in

particular units shall have a continuous current rating not less than that of the rating of the

unit.

Primary busbars, connections and their supports shall be of an approved type

able to withstand all normal and abnormal conditions arising in the system. They shall be

capable of carrying the short-time current associated with their short – circuit ratings, for a

period of 1 sec.

3.5.1.3 Earthing

Equipment carrying voltage that is installed in doors or covers shall be provided

with separately installed earth connectors.

At least two connection points shall be provided for external earth wire

connection.

3.5.1.4 Wiring and terminals

All cubicles shall be fully wired at the factory to ensure proper functioning of all

control, protection, measurement and interlock schemes.

Connection blocks for auxiliary current circuits shall be detachable.

Connection blocks for the main current circuit shall be permanent, non-detachable.





All wiring for external connections shall be brought to terminal blocks and

numbered.

The wiring shall be carried out with 750 V grade, PVC insulated, multi-stranded

copper wires of min. 1, 5 mm2 cross section. However, 2, 5 mm2 shall be used for current

transformer circuits. Wiring which crosses hinged panels or doors shall be sufficiently

flexible for this application. Wiring shall be continuous between terminals without splicing.

Test terminal blocks shall be provided for termination of all current transformer secondary

leads. Information ferrules shall be applied on the both sides of each conductor.

3.5.1.5 Interlocks

Interlock applied in each cubicle shall be intended to protect the persons

against possible consequences of misoperation.

Circuit – breakers

Circuit-breakers shall be pulled out manaually. In terms of function, circuit-

breakers shall also be regarded as disconnectors.

It shall be possible to lock circuit-breakers with a padlock in the disconnected

position and with the cabinet door closed.

Earthing switch

The earthing switch shall be interlocked against all electrical switches,

positioned both inside and outside the intermediate voltage switchgear, which can

conduct voltage to the earthing switch.

It shall be possible to lock earthing switches with a padlock in the Closed

position.

3.5.1.6 Nameplates

Plates specifying the switchgear designation shall be provided on all cabinets. In

addition, plates hall be mounted on all instruments, control and indication devices, and

electricity connections on the front of the cabinet.





3.5.1.7 Main electrical equipment for switchgears

(1) Circuit breakers

All circuit breakers shall comply with IEC 56

All circuit breakers shall be vacuum type. They shall be draw-out type having

short-circuit ratings to meet the fault levels obtained at the system voltages.

The CBs shall be capable of carrying the short-time current corresponding to the short

circuit rating for 1 second.

Circuit breakers shall be provided with the motorised stored – energy operating

mechanism mounted on a substantial steel framework. This ensures that the speed of

closing/opening the contacts shall be independet of the operator. A visual indicating

device shall be provided and indicate whether the circuit breaker is open or closed.

The operating mechanism shall be loaded by means of electrical gear motor

which charges mechanism automatically after each closing cycle.

Operation of the circuit breaker shall be carried out by:

a) ON/OFF push-buttons or control switches placed directly on the circuit

breaker

b) ON/OFF push-buttons or control switches placed on the door of the cubicle.

c) Remote control.

Circuit breakers shall also be equipped with primary and secondary

disconnecting devices, auxiliary switches, position indicators and the

necessary control wiring all mounted on a substantial steel framework.

This framework and all metal part of the moving portion, apart from current

carrying parts, shall be solidly earthed via the fixed portion at the moment of inserting the

moving portion into the fixed portion. Tripping devices shall be arranged so that the circuit

breakers cannot latch-in if closed against fault.

(2) Current transformers

All current transformers for metering and protection shall comply with the

respective, relevant clauses of IEC 185. They shall be so designed and mounted as to





withstand the mechanical and thermal stresses set up to short circuits. The transformation

ratio, accuracy class, rated burden and accuracy limit factor of current transformers shall

comply with detail design of switchgear. CT’s shall have polarity marking indelibly marked

on each transformer, at the lead terminals at the associated terminal block in an

accessible position.

(3) Earthing switches

Operational earthing shall be done in the following places:

- in the main current circuit before the incoming circuit-breaker

- in the main current circuit (main busbars) after the incoming circuitbreaker

breaker

- in outgoing groups (on the cable side of outgoing circuit breakers etc.)

The earthing switch shall be fixed installed and have a manual opertion

device with an insulated grip. The earthing switches shall be type tested to

prove they have a short circuit rating equal to that of the circuit breaker.

(4) High voltage fuses

High-voltage fuses shall be manufactured in accordance with IEC 282

They shall be of the current limiting type.

(5) Surge arresters

The surge arrester shall by manufactured in accordance with IEC or ANSI.

3.6 Low Voltage Switchgears

These technical requirements specify specify supplementary requirements to

IEC 439.

Low voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies.

3.6.1 Grounding system

The 400/230 V AC network is solidly grounded.






3.6.2.1 General performance of switchgears

The low voltage switchgears shall be designed to guarantee personal safety with

regard to the thermal and dynamic stresses that can occur in connection with short-

circuiting between open electric arcs.

The switchgears shall be indoor, metal enclosed, floor mounting, multi-cubicle

type.

Heat losses from busbars and distribution cassettes shall be carried away by

means of self ventilation.

Each equipment cubicle multi feeder type shall have a separate cable compart

ment.

Contact compression of the cable lugs shall be carried out in accordance with

approved methods.

The main busbar system shall be located horizontally preferably at the top part

of the switchgear. Structures, buses, control wiring etc. shall be so designed and

arranged, as to make further extensions readily feasible.

3.6.2.2 Protection against electric shock

The apparatus and circuits shall be so arranged to enable their operation and

maintenance with the necessary degree of safety.

The doors shall be earthed by means of connection to the cubicle frame by

means of copper conductors.

3.6.2.3 Short circuit protection and short circuit withstand strength

The switchgears shall be designed to guarantee personnel safety with regard to

the thermal and dynamic stresses that can occur in a short – circuit between open electric

arc.





3.6.2.4 Wiring and terminations

All unit, compartments and cubicles shall be fully wired at the factory to ensure

proper functioning of all control, protection, measurement and interlock schemes.

All wiring for external connections shall be brought to terminal blocks and

numbered. The wiring (excepts power main circuits) shall be carried out with 750 V

grade, PVC insulated, copper wires of min. 1, 5 mm2 cross section. However, 2, 5 mm2

shall be used for current transformer circuits.

Wiring which crosses hinged hanged panels or doors shall be sufficiently flexible

for this application.

Wiring shall be continuous between terminals without splicing.

3.6.2.5 Earthing

A copper grounding designed to carry the short – circuit current shall be fitted

along the entire length of switchgear structure. At least two connection points shall be

provided for external earth wire connection.

3.6.2.6 Name plates

Name plates shall be furnished on each unit, cubicle and panel as well as for

each instrument mounted in the switchgear. Information labels of main technical data

shall be attached to every switchgear.

3.6.3 Main electrical equipment for switchgear

3.6.3.1 General – Selection of component and interlocksk

Withdrawal of the circuit – breaker shall be effected manually and the circuit-

Withdrawal of the circuit-breaker shall be effected manually and the circuit-breaker shall

as far as function is concerned, also be regarded as a disconnector.

3.6.3.2 Circuit breaker

CBs shall be suitable for making – and – breaking of working currents and

protecting against over – loading and short – cricuits.





3.6.3.3 Contractors

The contractors shall be provided for direct – on – line start of the motors for

mornal and heavy duty as well as for reversible start. Preferable types of contractors shall

be air brake and vacuum type.

3.6.3.4 Moulded case circuit – breakers MCCB

These apparatus shall be equipped with thermal and short circuit protections.

Some pieces of MCCB shall be also equipped with electric motor drive for remote control.

3.6.3.5 Fuse switches

The fuse switches will be used in motor starter units along with contractors and

in outgoing feeders.

3.6.3.6 Load switches

The load switch in main circuit shall be capable of making the expected

symmetrical fault current when limited in magnitude and duration by the cut off

characteristic of the largest HRC fuse links fitted to the unit.

3.6.3.7 Current transformers

All current transformers shall be so designed and mounted to withstand stresses

of short circuits. The transformation ratio, accuracy class, rated burden shall comply with

detail design of switchgear.

3.7 Battery DC System

The systems shall comply to iEC 896 and BS 6290 for batteries, IEC 439 Low

voltage switchgear and controlgear assemblies and IEC 529 and IEC 146-4 clauses 490

to 492 for rectifiers

3.7.1 General requirements

The battery main centres shall be positioned as close to the battery as possible,

although without being placed in the separate battery room and with the plus and minus

poles physically separated. Interconnection of the main centres may only be effected via

the distributin centres.






3.7.2.1 Batteries

Capacity determination shall be based on the establishment of load profiles,

which specify the current loading on the battery as a function of time.

The following factors shall be considered in connection with battery sizing:

- Power interruption period. The power interruption period for each battery shall

be based on the type of loads connected and the type of plant. In general,

the design interruption period shall be>_1 hour.

- The highest and lowest permissible terminal voltage.

- Safety factor against ageing and inadequate charging. In order to secure the

necessary battery capacity even in the event of aged battery and possible

undercharging.

- Ambient temperature. The batteries shall be designed to provide the requisite

capcity under the conditions that prevail inside the plant.

3.7.2.2 Rectifiers

The rectifiers shall be designed to be able to supply under normal operating

conditions the continuous DC current requirements of the Plant, incluking trickle charging

of the batteries. After energy has been discharged from the batteries, the rectifiers shall

have sufficeent charging capacity to, in addition to the continuous current extraction

specified above, be able to recharge the batteries to 90% of fully-charged status within a

period of 12 hours.

3.7.2.3 Monitoring

Battery monitoring

Monitoring shall at least comprise checking of the batteries’ trickle charging

voltage.

Earth fault monitoring

The insulation status of the DC system with insulated neutral pint shall be

continuously monitored so that not only fully developed earth faults are detected but also

the beginnings of a deterioration in insulation.





3.8 UPS Systems

This specification describes the requirements for complete UPS supply systems

including batteries, rectifiers and inverters, electronic power switches, manual by pass

switches and distribution boards for use in thermal power plant.

The specification is valid UPS system with systems neutral point solidly earthed.

These technical requirements specify supplementary requirements to IEC 896

and BS 6290 for batteries, IEC 439 Low voltage switchgear and assemblies and IEC 529

and IEC 146-4 clauses 490 to 492 for rectifiers.

For equipment and components belonging to the switchgear, but not included in

IEC 439, other applicable IEC Standards shall apply.


3.8.1.1 General

The uninterruptible power system (UPS) shall quarantee uninterrupted and

stabilised AC voltage and maintain continuous supply to connected load, irrespective of

what happens to the AC voltage network supplying the power.

In addition to rectifiers, inverters, and batteries, the UPS shall include electronic

switches and nmanual service switches for by-passing the UPS.

Each UPS system shall be built up of several independent modules as:

- Electronic power rectifier and converter

- Electronic power switch

- Manual bypass switches

- Battery





3.8.1.2 Batteries

The batteries shall be within the integrated design of the UPS supply system.

Capacity determination shall be based on the establishment of load profiles,

which specify the current loading on the battery as a function of time.

The batteries shall be related to essential characteristic contained in the IEC

896.

3.8.1.3 Distribution boards

The 230 V AC distribution boards shall be indoor, metal enclosed.

The equipment installe in the distribution boards shall be capable to withstand

load and short – cricuit conditions.

The current measurement shall be provided for incoming feeder. The voltage

measuremtnt shall be provided for AC bus-bar and incoming feeder.

3.9 Cables

The cables shall comply to applicable IEC Standards.


3.9.1.1 General

Bearing in mind the loading, mechanical strength and electrical environment (IIC

801) involved, cables, lines and wires shall have the required area and design, and be

selected from a standard range. The cables to be installed in the station shall be in

accordance with relevan installation rules.

The cables shall be single-core or multi-core.

3.9.1.2 Location and application

The cables will normally be laid on ladders, trays, shelves. Etc. plant on the

racks. The cable routes will have diverse forms such as, but not limited to:





- covered concrete trenches

- cable tunnels

- sheet-steel channels suspended (fixed to platforms, barriers, pipe ducts

supports)

- open routs in the buildings (racks, trays, ladders)

- steel or PVC conduits

- burried direct into the ground

Other requirements, such as oil and chemicalresistance as well as increased

mechanical requirements in certain parts of the plant, have to be considered.

Cables with solid or stranded conductors shall be used for fixed installation. For

the connection e.g. of actuators and solenoid valves from the plug connection,

subdistributors etc., flexible cables shall be used.

Special precautions shall be taken to ensure that no closed magnetic circuit is

formed around single core cables laid in single or trefoil formation or around any cable

liable to carry unblanced load currents.

3.9.1.3 Technical particulars

(1) Power cables > 1 kV

The cables shall be manufactured in accordance with applicable IEC standard. Power

cables > 1 kV shall have extruded solid dielectric insulation, XLPE or EPR insulation, for

+90-C permissible temperature at the conductor, and PVC sheath and PVC sheath or

equivalent material.

Power cables shall have either copper or aluminium conductors.

(2) Power cables-<1kV and installation cables

The cables shall be manufactrerd in accordance with applicable IEC standard.

Power cables shall have extruded solid dielectric insulation, PVC insulation, for +70 –C

permissible temperature at the conductor, WLPE insulation, for +90 –C permissible

temperature at the conductor, and PVC sheath or equivalent material.





Power cables shall have either copper or aluminuum conductors. Copper

conductor cables will be applied in these parts of installation where it is erasonable taking

into consideration conditions mentioned under “Dimensioning conditions”

However for the following installations copper conductor cables are strictly

required:

- DC network

- Vital supply system

- Lighting

- Portable or moving equipment

- Fire and explosion hazardous areas

Conductors 10 mm2 and above shall be stranded. Conductors up to 6 mm2 may

be solid.

Power cables shall as a minimum have 2.5 mm2 conductor area for cables and 4

mm2 for aluminium cable.

Fire-resistant cables

The cables shall be manufactured in accordance with IEC 502.

Earthing cables

Earthing cables shall be single core, PVC insulated, unarmoured, non-sheated,

450/750 V complying with IEC 227, coloured green/yellow.

3.9.1.4 Cable glanding and termination

The contractor shall complete all necessary accessories to provide proper

termination of power and control cables such as glands, insulating and semi conducting

tape kits, shrinking tubes, compressed connectors etc.





The design of cable boxes for single core cables shall avoid closed magnetic

loops around the cable which could result in circulating currents and heating of

cable/termination. This shall be achieved by use of suibable non-magnetic metal in the

construction of the boxes/gland plates.

In principle cable runs shall be continuous. Joints are not permissible without the

prior approval of the Authority.

3.9.1.5 Cable identification

All cables shall have unique numbers which shall be clearly and securely

fastened to both ends of the cables directly after they have been installed. All cable cores

shall be identified by cable markers or colour coding.

3.10 Earthing

Earthing shall be carried out in accordance with BS 7430 : 1991 Code of

practice for earthing.

Earth wire shall consist of copper conductors. Jointing of earth wire and

branches shall be made using contact compressed cable lugs or exothemic welding

process.

The station earthing shall consist of interconnected grid and earth rods.

3.11 MOTORS


(1) Rating data

Rating data refers to motor data at rated voltage, ratd frequency and specified

mode of operation.

(2) Rating plate

Each motor shall have a plate mounetd on it which provides information on the

motor.





(3) Requirements for standard motors

Standard motors shall meet the requirements of IEC 34.

The rated output shall be specified in accordance with IEC 34.

(4) Starting current

The starting current of induction motors shall be accordance with IEC34.

(5) Starting method

Unless otherwise specified, the motors shall be started by means of direct start.

(6) Connection box

The connection box for power cables shall be designed so that cables with

cable lugs can be connected in the desired way. Only power cables may be connected in

this box

Heating elements and measuring equipment shall be connected in their own

connection boxes.

The contact compression of cable lugs shall be carried out in accordance with

approved methods.

3.12 Power And Lighting


The lighting and power system shall be designed in the form of a three-phase

direct earthed system, with 400 V main voltage, 50 Hz.

The equipment enclosure class shall be determined in accordance with IEC529.

For facilities in which there is a risk of explosion, the requirements of IEC 79 shall

be met.





Lighting design will be generally in accordance with CIBS (Charatered Institute

of Building Services) code.

3.12.2 Lighting

The following requirements shall apply in general for all lighting installations:

- That the luminance conditions and light strength are adapted to the working

conditions at the workplace

- That the placing of the fittings in permanent workplaces is adapted to the

work and can be easily moved. Freely suspended installation is to be

preferred

- That lighting fitting shall be installed so that service can be carried out with

only one short ladder and without the need for scaffoding. Fittings shall be

installed in a conventional way, in the ceiling, on the wall, on poles, on

supporting wires or on rails

- That lightin indoors and outdoors primarily consists tube fittings.

Incandescent and high-pressure and low pressure sodium fittings may also

be used.

3.12.2.1 Principles for turning on lights

Lights shall normally be turn on and off by locally controlled switches and

pushbuttons.

Control room lighting shall be able to be dimmed.

Outdoor lighting shall be controlled via dusk activated devices.

3.12.2.2 Emergency lighting

Emergency lighting will be designed in accordance with BS 5266 and CIBS

code.

Emergency light fiffings can be permanently lit.

Outdoors, no emergency lighting is normally required.

Plug-connected, rechargable hand lamps shall be provided at certain strategic

points.

CHAPTER 4


FOR INSTRUMENT AND CONTROL SYSTEMS





CHAPTER 4 TECHNICAL ERQUIREMENTS FOR INSTRUMENTATION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

4.1 Power Supply System


The control equipment shall be supplied from a battery-secured power supply

system.

4.2 Cables And Wires

Refer to Section 11, Enclosure 2.

4.3 Control And Indication Principles

4.3.1 Control

For items included in automatic sequences, operators with item-

specificManual/Automatic control shall be given the opportunity to take overand control

the item for operation, maintenance or pilot operation.

The mode of operation shall be indicated individually in the control room.

Measures that are necessary in order for the Plant to be in a safe condition

during loss of power supply shall take place automatically. Returning voltage may not

produce fault functions. Short or long outages of any part (even single pole) of the power

supply system shall not give an unintended control functio in any part of the control

equipment.

4.4 Measuring Systems

4.4.1 Measurement accuracy

Contractor is responsible for ensuring that the measurement accuracy is

sufficient for the function. The necessary accuracy shall be acieved without special

trimming.

Transmitter errors including primary element errors may not exceed 1%





For systems and parts of the Plant where the specified accuracy clearly involves

unnecessarily high demands, a lower level of accuracy may be permitted.

4.4.2 Indicating instruments

Primary instruments with devices located on or adjacent to the instrument needle

is not approved as a limit value indicaor.

4.4.3 Transmitters

For analogue measurement, a trasmitter with a standardised outlet current of 4-

20 mA and 12-45 V operating voltage shall normally be chosen.

4.4.4 Process measurement

Shut-off valves for pressure outlets and connected impulse tubes shall be

designed for at least the same pressure, temperature and vibrations as the components

in the primary system.

Pressure transmitters in corrosive or viscous media shall be protected with

remote seals in instrument pipes.

Pressure transmitters shall be capable of withstanding maximum anticipated

pressure transients.

Primarily valves for displacement meters shall be of a type that permits large

flows e.g. ball valves.

Where there is a risk of vibration, use shall be made of vibration-safe

thermometers.

Surface temperature sensors can be used where possible with regard to measu

rement accuracy and response time.

Thermocouples shall be desiged in accordance with DIN-IEC 584. Type K shall

be used for temperatures below 1200-C.





Resistance thermometers shall be designed in accordance with DIN 43760 or

IEC 751. Measuring rods longer than 500 mm shall have triple wire connection between

sensor element and connection head. Triple wire connection shall normally be used from

the connection head.

Transmitters shall be designed for “two wire technique”. When transmitters,

sensitive to low temperatures, are located outdoors, an isolated cubicle with thermostat

controlled heating and electric tracing of the instrument pipes shall be included.

Transmitters for thermocouples shall have cold junction reference and a tempe

ratur linear output signal. The output signal shall be galvanically isolated from the

thermocouple. In case of sensor fault a max signal shall be given.

Transmitters for Pt 100 couples shall have a temperatur linear output signal.

The output signal shall be galvanically isolated from the Pt 100 couple. In case of

sensor fault a max signal shall be given.

4.4.5 Installation

Instrument pipes shall be designed and laid in such a way that they can accept

movements in process pipe without being damaged. Consideration shall be given to the

requried need for movement in connection with dismantling sensors/transmitters.

Instrument pipes and condensation chamber tanks shall be executed and designed so

that they can be fully drained and vented. In fluid and vapour systems, the condensation

chamber shall be installed uninsulated on the dame level above the process pipe. The

minimum gradient for instrumetn pipes shall be 1:10 in vapour and fluid phases, the

gradient shall be towards the converter, in gas phase from the transmitter. The minimum

gradient in drainage pipes shall be 1:50 from valves.

4.5 PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEM


4.5.1.1 Structure and equipment requirments

The process control system shall be a distributed, modular microprocessor

system installed in an enclosed cabinet.





All items connected to the process ontrol system shall be able to be individually

controlled and monitored via the operator system.

It shall be possible to introduce redundancy in the process control system at all

levels.

It shall be possible for computer equipment to commuicate with superordinate

control systems via a hard – and software interface connected to the process control

equipment. The computer wxchanges via this interface are both analogue and binary

signals.

Following approved trial operation, CPU loads shall not exceed 60%, and

utilization of the system memory capacity shall not exceed 60%. In addition, computers

and connection boxes shall, after approved trial operation, have 20% spare capscity for

additional functions, and offer good potential for extension.

4.5.1.2 VDUs

VDUs shall at least meet the following requirements:

- high resolution graphics

- different colours simulteaneously on the screen

- designed for continuous operation>five years

- video signal control

- standard interface

- dcreen size>_19”, choice of required size shall be based on ergonomic

requirements

4.5.1.3 Operator keyboards

Operator keyboards shall be of membrane type with tactile feedback click

function and be divided into separated areas for image choice, control, regulation, data

presentation, and alarm acknowledgement. Pushbuttons shall be marked with explanatory

symbols. Control functions shall be designed in such a way that unintentional manoeuvres

are prevented.





At least 2 (two) types of point and select mechanisms shall be included for

“Windows” operations from a choice of mouse, trackball, light-pen or touch sensitive

screen.

4.5.2 Automation system

Input modules shall contain at least the following functions:

- Power supply to sensors, transmitters and binary contacts with protection

against overload and short circuit.

- Contact bounce suppression

- Validity check of analog signal

Outputs modules for drivecontrol shall conain at least the following functions:

- A faulty modul shall not send out activ signals.

- Galvanic isolation on each output signal

It shall be possible for all programming to take place during plant operation

(on-line).

During configuration, it shall be possible to observe and show CPU-load.

Regulators shall be designed for bumpless transfer between manual and auto

matic positions. Control loops shall provided with validity control of the current value. It

shall be possible to set regulation parameters suring operation.

4.5.3 Engineering work station

Configuration, testing, fault detection, service measures and documentation of

functions in the process control system shall be carried out via an engineering workstation

which may be separate from or incorporated within the operator workstations. If integral,

then the selection of engineering work station functions shall be limited and protected by

suitable security access controls (passwords or similar). The following functions shall be

provided as a minimum:

- configuration

- signal adaptions

- parameter setting

- diagnostics





- back-up

- documentation

The systems shall be self-documenting with graphical presentation of the

program modules provided with explanatory text for each module, for example, signal

designations, regulated parameters and setting values.

Configuration shall be facilitated as far as possible. The software shall for

example contain help menus or editor instructions for among other things, searching for

signal designation and program schedules, or for fetching or removing programme

modules, copying, storage etc.

It shall be possible to specify signal designations of at least the number of letters

the KKS signalcode requires and some letters for text en clair.

It shall be possible for the service system to give deatailed information on all

fault statuses in the process control system and in connected control equipment.

4.5.4 Operator systems

Control images, regulator images and sequence images shall be designed as

windows on optional parts of a process image. Different image types depending on motor

control regulator, sequence etc. are required.

The operators dialogue shall be built up in a simple and clear manner. Safety

features that prevent an intentional operations must be included in the operators dialogue.

The following text specifies requirements for the various displays and schedules.

All graphics and displays can be in accordance with DCS suppliers standard.

4.5.4.1 Process displays

All control and indication shall be via windows on process displays. Choice of

process display shall be made directly from a selected display. New fault signals from





another aprt of the system/process image shall be indicated in text en clair on selected

arbitrary displays.

System related functions, like image standard field for alarms or insert display

field for operation, may not be covered by other information or affected in any other way.

Choice of item control and reading shall be effected with the aid of a mouse,

tracker ball, or from an alphanumeric keyboard, and shall be done and indicated directly

adjacent to the respective symbol. When chosen it shall be indicated be side the item

concerned.

Choice of symbols and colours on process displays shall be made in

consultation with the Authority.

Operating form (automatic/manual) for regulators shall be shown, as well as the

current value of the regulator.

4.5.4.2 Alarm processing

The alarms shall be processed in the process control system and presented in

the operator system on a VDU in the form of an alarm display, and also be written out on a

printer.

The alarm system shall register and indicate all abnormal conditions in the Plant.

The alarm display shall contain at least information on new or disappering faults,

acknowledged remaining faults, time, item designation in code and text en clair.

Priority shall be given in colour and/or alphanumerical combination. It shall be

possible for operators to acknowledge alarms optionally with a common command for

each fault signal side or, alternativly, individual alarm acknowledge ment.

Internal faults in the process control system shall be spcified in text en clair.





It shall be possible to arrange group alarms to superordinate monitoring points

and group them in order in a simple and uncomplicated way.

Group alarms for a system should be activated every time a new alarm comes

up.

The systems shall provide the possibility for ranking fault signals into several

levels of priority.

4.5.4.3 Acoustic alarms

In order to attract the operator’s attention, an acoustic alarm shall be activeted in

the event of a fault in the power station. The sound level shall be adapted to the normal

sound level in the room or area concerned.

If necessary it shall be possible to switch off the acoustic alarm. It shall be

possible to stop the alarm even before the fault signal is acknowledged. However, a new

acoustic alarm shall be activated in the event of a new fault.

4.5.4.4 Alarm and event registration

Significant events in the Plant shall be registered and times carefully

documented. Events in this context are understood to refer to manual and auto matic

measures, new and disappearing alarms, changes in operating status, start indications

from protection systems. Chronological logging of alarms/events with a time resolution

of_100 mS.

The registration and presentation of all events in the Plant shall be handled in the

process control system. Presentation shall take place in chronological order in the

operator system on the VDU in the form of an event schedule, and also be written out on

the printer. Event schedules shall contain at least information on new events, dates, times,

process display references, item designations, explanatory text and status.





4.5.4.5 Trend displays

It shall also be possible to present selected analog values in the form of trend

curves. It shall be easy to change the reading scales and time scales on the carves for

each individual value. It shall be possible to move a pointer along the entire lengths of the

axes in order to specify exact measurement readings in engineering units.

At least the following time scales shall be available.

- 1 min, 30 min

- 1h, 8h, 24h

- 1-30 days

4.5.4.6 Bar display

It shall also be possible to present analog values in the form of bar displays.

4.5.4.7 Reports

Reports shall consist of daily and monthly reports on production, operation time

and log data.

Format of reports to be agreed by Authority and configurable using software

tools, available within the supplied operating software system.

CHAPTER 5


FOR CIVIL WORKS





CHAPTER 5 GENERAL TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR CIVIL WORK

5.1 General Site Treatment

The detailed topographical surveys and geotechnical ground investigations of

the site are to be undertaken by the authority and this information will be required by the

civil engineering designers early on in the Project to allow the detailed design work to

proceed.

The foundation levels for each new project structure or building will be decided

after the site topographical survey and geotechnical investigation and site preparation

information has been made available by the Authority.

5.2 Definition of Quality

It is intended that all construction materials will be selected from the quality

available in Thailand, that will be suitable.

5.3 Engineering and Architectural Design

The design of the civil engineering and building works will be in accordance with

the appropriate Thailand national Codes of Practice, building standards, and health and

safety statutory regulations. Where necessary supplementary design information will be

obtained from American, Canadian, British and other approved international standards.

The architectural design will take into consideration the visual impact of the

works on the locality. The colour scheme for roof and wall cladding of the buildings will be

designed in consultation with the Authority.

5.4 Design Criteria

5.4.1 Loading Combinations





The structures and their components will be designed for the worst combinations

of dead, imposed, seismic, static and dynamic loadings. Information obtained from

mechanical and electrical plant and other equipment supplier will be used for the design

of supporting structures and their foundations.

5.4.1 Design Life

The design and construction of the works will aim to provide, assuming normal

usage and implementation of a routine maintenance programme, buildings and structures

with a life expectancy of not less than 25 years.

5.5 Roads

Roads, hardstanding and parking areas will be designed to suit the operation

and maintenance requirements of the power plant. These areas will be designed to suit the

anticipated traffic loadings and frequencies. In general these areas will be of a flexible

design construction comprising bitumen macadam surfacing and base layers on top of a

compacted granular material sub base layer. The road surfaces will be laid to falls for

drainage, and precast concrete kerbs will be provided. Where appropriate concrete block

paving will be adopted.

5.6 Landscaping

Land areas not covered by buildings, plant foundations, roads or functional

areas will be landscaped and grassed. Selective planting of local species trees and

shrubs may also be provided at the perimeter of the site after consultation with the

Authority.

5.7 Drainage

The site drainage systems will be designed and constructed to collect and

remove the water from the buildings, roads and hard standings. Separate drainage

systems for clean surface water, contaminated surface water, foul water and trade effluent

will be provided as necessary. Interception works and/or treatment will be provided to

comply with local regulations prior to the discharge of water into any designated public

sewage system or natural watercourse.





The termination points for the connection of the project drainage systems to the

public systems have been assumed to be at the site boundary.

The design of the works is based on the assumption that the site is not subject to

flooding.

5.8 Culverts and Trenches

Culverts and trenches will be designed according to applicable specifications.

Culverts shall be waterproof and have self drainage facilities. Culverts and drainage

crossing which cross under roads or are subject to other loadings shall be reinforced.

5.9 General Requirements for Buildings and Structures

5.9.1 Roofs and Climatic Protection

Insulation, weather-proof coatings, and rain water drainagesystem will be

provided for the roofs of the buildings as required by functional requirements.

Roofs will be constructed with a minimum slope of 1%

Roofs will be provided with transport routes for maintenance work on

equipment/installations installed on the roof if loads heavier than 50 kg are required and

accessibility be crane can be expected to restricted.

Transport routes on roof will be marked in different colours.

5.9.2 Doors and Windows

Adequate entries and exits will be provided for all the buildings.

Roller shutter or sliding folding doors will be provided for the buildings as

required. Vehicle doors will be of sufficient size to accommodate the largest vehicle and

load for the location, and will have an internal or associated pedestrian door.

Windows will be suitable for the location and the local environmental and dust

proof where appropriate. In the main control room, double glazing or hollow glass

windows will be fitted.





Doors and windows will be complete with all necessary locks and fittings.

Special locks will be provided for the control room switchgear rooms, electrical areas and

control and instrumentation rooms.

Gates/doors will meet the fire protection requirements for the plant.

External Side-hung gates will be outward-opening.

Doors for personnel access shall be provided adjacent to gates.

Direction of opening and hanging shall be well considered and adapted to

operations and requirements.

Fire doors/covers will be constructed to fire safety 1 hour unless special

requirements require a higher rating.

The lower edges of the doors will be adapted to disabled persons.

Toilet doors, in office buildings, will be adapted to disabled persons.

Fire doors will be provided with door-closers with an adjustable spring strength.

Doors to electrical rooms where fire or explosion may be expected will be

provided with emergency openers.

Doors to waste receiving and storage building and doors of the same size will be

mechanically operated.

5.9.3 Anti-Corrosion and Enclosures

The design of buildings and structures will take into full consideration the effects

of the local environment. Adequate sealing against weather and dust will be provided.

Steel structured will be anti-corrosion protected.





Pre-coloured profiled metal cladding will be used for the upper part of the walls

and roofs. Concrete block infill or other similar materials will be used for the lower sections

of the walls.

Thermal insulation will be provided for the walls if required.

5.9.4 Access and Safety

Around all openings on elevated floors or at ground level, railings and guards

will be provided. All maintenance openings will be provided with removable railings and

chequered plate covers (or removable precast reinforced concrete slabs if appropriate).

Acess to roofs for maintenance will be considered, permanent ladders will be

provided for all roofs wich can not be safely reached by mobile equipment. Roofs of

different elevations will be connected by ladders.

5.9.5 Suspended Ceiling

Suspended ceilings will be supplied in control rooms and offices, where required

(eg for appearance, insulation, or to achieve noise attenuation).

Where fitted, suspended ceilings will be of a robust type permitting multiple

removal and refitting and allowing maintenance access.

5.9.6 Sanitary Facilities

Adequate toilet and washing facilities will be provided, where necessary, having

regard to building occupancy.

5.9.7 Internal Finishes

A list of the typical internal finishes to be used for different types of rooms is

given in Appendix A.





5.9.8 Raised Floors

Installation floors for switchgear, computer and electrical centres where space is

required for electricity cables etc. will consist of antistatic-treated an fire-resistant floor

slabs. Floor supports will be adjustable in height.

Load-bearing beam systems and floor supports will be protected against

corrosion.

5.9.9 Checker Plate and Grating Structures

In addition to any component, installation and overhaul loads, the floor structures

of operation floor will be designed for an evenly distributed load of at least 10 kN/m2.

For other floor structures an evenly distributed load of 5 kN/m2 will be applied.

Checker plates shall be hot-dip galvanized.

5.9.10 Steel Stairs, Handrails, Platforms, Railings

Steel stairs, handrails and platforms will be of a type that allows the light to pass

through, complete with appurtenant kick plates, protective railings an handrails, and

which meet the Thailand standards.

Stairs may not have a gradient greater than 40-.

Spiral staircases will only be accepted for access to individual service platforms

etc. and may not connect more than two floors.

5.9.11 Grouting

The grouting of footplates and base plates for machines etc., will be effected

against formwork and be placed so that the space between the plate and sub-surface is

filled and packed.





5.9.12 Lightning Protection

All buildings shall be equipped with lightning protection designed in accordance

with section 8, 8.2.15 Electrical plant.

5.10 Foundation Design

Building and plant foundations will be designed to suit the worst combination of

loads and forces applied in accordance with the Thailand Codes of Practice or equivalent

international standards

The foundation design will take into consideration the results of ground

investigations and site surveys. It has been assumed that all building and plant

foundations will be reinforced concrete individual bases or land type foundations founded

on suitable natural soils. As allowable handling pressure of 150 kN/m2 at 1 metre below

ground level has been assumed.

The site has been described as flat and sandy. However the results of the site

ground investigations may show that grounds improvement works are required; that

unsuitable or contaminated materials must be removed and that the foundations need to

be supported on poles.

(1) Foundations in General

When designing foundations, special consideration will be given to the

technical conditions such as sub-structure and foundation conditions which are of

importance for the dynamic properties of the foundation and which under unfavorable

conditions may lead to large vibration amplitudes.

In connection with sizing and design, the influence of vibration on

personnel and equipment in other parts of the same building will be limited to an

acceptable level.





(2) Conventional Foundations

In the case of conventional foundations it is assumed that the building

frame will be provided with recessed, anchor bars, and/or boxing outs, which will be

designed with due consideration to prevailing horizontal and vertical forces.

Foundations will be reinforced cast against sheet formwork and have

beveled corners.

(3) Special Foundations

(3.1) Foundations for Vibration Equipment (excluding turbines and generators)

This type of concrete foundation will be vibration-insulated from other parts

of the building frame.

It shall be possible to replace insulators. Consequently, footings will be

provided with arrangements for this. The insulators will be provided with arrangements for

this. The insulators will also be adapted to suit the surrounding environment. Load bearing

substructures will be designed for foundation loads, whereby consideration will be given

to special risks of natural vibration.

(3.2) Foundations for Turbine and Generator

This type of foundation is assumed to consist of a concrete structure,

either a slab resting on columns founded directly on rock or a slab supported on

vi8bration suppressors positioned on the building frame.

Foundations will be separated from the rest of the frame structure by

elastic joints or gaps.

Design will be such that the foundation has satisfactory natural vibration

properties and strength.





5.11 Specification of Materials


All materials will be specified in accordance with the requirements of the

following code of practice

British Standard BS 8110: Part 1: 1985

5.11.2 Detailed Requirements

All fabrication, painting and erection of structural steelwork will be in accordance

with the requirements of the following specification:

National Structural Steelwork Specification for Building Construction

BSCA & SCI publication No 203/91

5.11.3 Other Materials

All construction materials will be provided in accordance with the current edition

of the relevant British Standards or equivalent international standards.

5.12 Stack


The stack will be equipped with an airwarning system conforming to applicable

regulations.

5.12.2 Detailed Requirements

The stack will be designed either as an concrete structure or as an steel

structure

Significant self-oscillation will not occur.

Periodic environmental control equipment will be installed during operation.





Stack of concrete type will be maintenance-free on the outside as well as on the

inside.

Stack of steel structure type will be designed for easy maintenance and therefor

equipped with ladders, hoisting facilities, facilities for corrosion control, corrosion

protection and welding repair works of the structure.

TYPICAL INTERNAL ROOM FINISHES

ROOM TYPES FLOORS WALLS CEILING SKIRTING

Control Room F3 W1 C2 SK2

Corridors F2 W1 C3 SK2

Auditorium F2 W1 C2 SK2

Laboratory F5 W1 C3 SK2

Locker Rooms F1 W3 C3 SK2

Offices F2 W1 C2 SK2

Rest Rooms F1 W3 C3 SK1

Stores F5 W1 C3 SK2

Switchgear Rooms F4 W2 - SK2

Washrooms F1 W3 C3 SK1

Welding Bay F5 W2 - -

Workshops F4 W2 - SK1

Battery rooms F1 W2 C1 SK1





LEGEND – INTERNAL FINISHES

Floors

F1 Ceramic Tiles – non slip

F2 Rubber tiles

F3 Rubber tiles or raised floors

F4 Anti dust floor pain

F5 Carborundum

Walls

W1 Sand/cement render, potty finish, sainted

W2 Fair faced blockwork or concrete, cement wash, painted

W3 Glazed ceramic tiles

W4 Self finished steel sheeting

Ceilings

C1 Concrete, painted

C2 Suspended ceiling, integrated lighting/ventilation

C3 Two layers gypsym board on metal frame

Skirting

SK1 Coved ceramic tiles

SK2 Coved PVC

SECTION 6

AUTHORITY’S CONTRACTORS TEMPORARY

UNDERTAKINGS AT SITE INCLUDING

GENERAL SITE INFORMATION



Section 6 Authority’s Department of Alternative Energy Development and Efficiency

GHD (Thailand) Co., Ltd. Page 2 of 4 Consultants of Technology Co., Ltd. K:\KC\ \ \- \ - \SECTION AUTHORITY.doc

AUTHORITY’S and CONTRACTORS TEMPORARY UNDERTAKINGS at SITE

INCLUDING GENERAL SITE INFORMATION

6.1 Local Conditions.

6.1.1 Familiarity with Site Conditions.

The Site is unknown and therefore the Contractor has been unable to thoroughly

investigate and familiarize himself with all conditions of the Site of the Project and the

surrounding area.

Any and all expenses arising through lack of knowledge or understanding on the

part of the Contractor regarding the condition of the Site, other than the Hang Dong Site,

shall be the responsibility of the Authority and additional payment therefore, shall be

made by the Authority.

A detailed soil investigation by the Contractor is required to establish ground load

bearing capacity and unforeseen ground conditions, which may result in additional costs.

Note: Piling is not included in the Contact Price.

6.1.2 Contractor’s Camp Area.

The Contractor shall provide, housing for his personnel. If necessary, personnel

housing may be located within the property boundaries of the Authority’s Site.

6.1.3 Contractor’s Office and other Construction Facilities

The Contractor shall provide, at his own expense, required on-site office space

and office storage, workshop, warehouse and other facilities necessary for the execution

of the Works. The Contractor shall also provide office accommodation for the personnel of

the Authority and his Consultant with the same standard as for his own staff.

The office space and facilities shall be located within the property boundaries of

The Authority’s Site.





6.1.4 Storage at Site

To protect Goods prior to Installation and Erection or delivery to the Authority,

appropriate storage at the Site(s) shall be provided by and at the expense of the

Contractor.

6.1.5 Security and Lighting

The Contractor shall, in connection with the Works, provide and maintain at his

own expense, all electrical lights, barriers, fencing and guard, when and where necessary

for the protection of the Works.

6.1.6 Water Supply

The Contractor will be responsible for the supply of water to the Site, It shall be the

Contractor’s responsibility to supply apparatus for the distribution of all his water

requirements for Construction Work purpose within the Site boundary.

6.1.7 Electric Power for Execution of the Works.

The Authority shall make electric power available at a point on the Site boundary.

The Contractor shall provide and maintain, at his own expense, adequate on-site

toilet and wash-up facilities for his employees and for the Authority and the Consultants at

such places near where the Works are being executed.

The requirements for both on-site and off-site (when provided) sanitary facilities

shall be governed by the relevant regulations of the Kingdom of Thailand, and shall be

subject to the prior and continuous approval and inspection of the Authority.

Garbage, rubbish and trash from the Contractor’s kitchen, camp and other

facilities shall be incinerated or disposed of as approved of by the Authority.

The Contractor shall keep all of the work area and the off-site facilities area (when

provided) in a clean and sanitary condition of the satisfaction of the Authority. He shall

take all the necessary measure to prevent pollution of the surrounding area(s).





6.2 General Information

6.2.1 Site Locations

The location of the project has yet to be established.

6.2.2 Transportation Facilities

There are good transportation facilities by road and for some project sites in

addition also by railway and air.

The Authority will be responsible for establishing good road access to the Site

boundary.

6.2.3 Office Accommodation by the Authority

The Contractor proposes for the Authority to make available office accommodation

free of charge to the Contractor for up to 3 No. Contractor’s Engineers in the Authority’s

Headquarters to assist with the timely execution of the Works.

6.2.4 Consumables Provided by The Authority

Distillate fuel, lignite and MSW, limestone, hydrated lime and activated carbon to b

provided by the Contractor until issue of PAC or end of warranty period if agreed.

List of domestic suppliers of bulk chemicals (limestone, hydrated lime, activated

carbon) to be provided by the Contractor.

6.2.5 Connection Facility by The Authority

The Authority to provide free of charge to the Contractor the connection into the

grid to enable power to be exported during testing and commissioning.

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