30 Apr [email protected] 310443 Management Information Systems 13. Developing Enterprise...

30 Apr 2001 [email protected] 1

310443 Management 310443 Management Information SystemsInformation Systems

13. Developing Enterprise I nformation Systems

by

Asst. Prof. Wichai Bunchua- 4E mail : wichai@bucc .buu.ac.th

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Developing Enterprise Information Systems

Challenges in Developing Enterprise Information Systems

Enterprise MIS planning CASE The changing nature of MIS


Challenges in Developing Enterprise Information

Systems

Reasons involve developing an enterprise information system

Arise from within the system to be developed

Challenges to development from outside the system

Challenges from the nature of the enterprise systems


Challenges to development from outside

the system

New system resides in presence of existingsystems

Possible awkward system interfaces Data needed from other systems may be un

avalable Projects complete for development dollars a

nd personnel Partial development may be required Intersystem departmental competition Conflicts with MIS department


Challeges from the nature of the enterprise systems

Complexity -- multiples features and functions

Size -- Large number of users and amount of data

Integration of different, possibly inconsistent and incompatible departments

Considerable work and lengthy periods of time required

Large development staff Difficult-to-comprehend system


Enterprise MIS Planning

MIS steering committee - - Top down versus Bottom up plannin

g Critical Success Factor planning Enterprise analysis Evoluation planning Choice of strategic planning method


Major Functions of theMIS steering committee

Esteblising priorities among informati on system projects

Setting guidelines for MIS architectur e and infreastructure

Approving project plans, schedules, a nd budgets

Reviewing progress at major mileston - es; making “go” or “no go” decisions


Major Functions of the MIS steering committee (co

nt.)

Approving major hardware and program acquisitions

Helping select and hire key MIS personnel

Setting high-level policy and standards Providing advice and assistance to

CEO, board of directors, and other senior executives


Top-Down VS Bottom-Up Planning

- Top down planning starts with an an alysis of the overall business objective

s and works down to specific systems - Bottom up planning starts with the

needs of a particular system, develops the needs for that system and others o

n the same level, and works upward to wars an integration of systems


Advantage of Top-Down Planning

The advantage is that Systems are developed with an

overall perspective of the needs of the business

Correct and appropriate systems are developed on a timely basis


Disadvantage of Top-Down Planning

The disadvantage is that Substantial lead time is required to

perform the top-level studies, which results in delays before the first system is developed

Because of the lengthy time required, business needs may change before the first system is developed. The top-level analysis may never be finished


Bottom-Up Planning

The advantage is that Specific systems are developed more

quicklyThe disadvantage is that The wrong system may be developed Incomplete and ineffective systems may be

developed The system that is developed may have a

short lifetime because it fulfills only a short-term need


Strategic Planning Methods

Three strategic planning methods

Critical Success Factor Planning (CSF)

Enterprise Analysis Evolutionary Planning


Critical Success Factor Planning (CSF)

CSF is an operational goal that must be attended to achieve success

- CSFs are used in top down informat ion systems planning to identify info

rmation needs, information systems , and ultimately, requirements for in

formation systems


Advantages of CSF

The advantage is that It focuses the planning and developm

ent of information systems on the hig- hest priority issues

It is broad in scope and thus unlikely t o leave important information needs u

naddressed It is simple and intuitive to understand


Disadvantages of CSF

The disadvantage is that - It is time consuming to perform The process of combining the CSFs is

difficult and somtimes ambigous The result is no better thsn the abilit

y of people to specify the CSFs This method focuses primarily on the

- high level managers


Enterprise Analysis or Business Systems Planning

Enterprise Analysis is a top-down method for planning information systems

Enterprise analysis is concerned with details -- with identifying and correlating groups, their processing, and their data use

Enterprise analysis asks the managers for details about processes and data use; then myriad details are combined


Advantages of Enterprise Analysis

The advantage is that It provides a comprehensive review of

the information system requirements across the organization and documents the use of data for all major processes and the organization

It is useful for large organizations that require a thorough review of their processing and information needs


Disadvantages of Enterprise Analysis

The disadvantage is that Only managers are interviews A time-consuming and expensive

process Documents what is and not

necessarily what ought to be


Evolutionary Planning

Evolutionary works from the bottom up

The need for information systems and their requirements are allowed to evolve as the business evolves


Advantages of Evolutionary Planning

The advantage is that Projects can be started with

minimal study time and expense It is adaptive in that priorities for

projects change as the business needs change


Disadvantages of Evolutionary Planning

The disadvantage is that It can result in the hodgepodge of

systems that have clumsy and ill-fitting interface or in a number of separate systems in search of a centralized theme

It places a great burden on the judgement of steering committee members

It can cause systems development to proceed in fits and starts


Computer-Aided System Engineering (CASE)

CASE is the process of using information systems to build information systems

CASE is more than a set of computer programs CASE is an information systems that includes

all five components CASE tools -- Case hardware and CASE

programs CASE repository -- a database of system

descriptors CASE methodology -- procedure for using CASE


CASE Methodology CASE methodology is procedure for usi

ng CASE Stategic systems planning System analysis Database design System design System construction System management Process support Project management support


CASE Tools

There are CASE tools for each activity in the CASE methodology

CASE products are collections of CASE tools; such tools are sold as package products by CASE vendors

The product normally involve a centralized database of CASE data referred to as a repository


Components of CASE Products

Database design tools System design tools System analysis tools System construction tools System management tools Strategic Planning tools Project management tools Process support tools


The Changing Nature of MIS

Two movements to the transformation - Outsourcing :Third party companies ar

e hired to develop andoperate enterpri se information systems for a fixed fee

-The growth of workgroup MIS : End use r departments take increased responsi

bility for developing and operating thei r own information systems


Future Role of MIS Departments

The functions of the MIS department are evolving into three primary responsibilities

Defining and overseeing procedures Developing high-tech Expertise Operating enterprise data

infrastructure


Development of an Enterprise Information

System

This example illustrates the role of the MIS steering committee in the development of an enterprise MIS

In this project, the systems analysis was supported by an outside consultant

The development was done by an outside vender


Development of an Enterpr ise Information System (co

nt.)

The need for a system Understanding the current system

Role of the steering committee Selecting the consultant Study the current system Prototyping user interface Creating th RFP

Writing th RFP

30 Apr [email protected] 310443 Management Information Systems 13. Developing Enterprise...

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