2014 PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop: Hosting Capacity Analysis and New Screening Methods...
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Jeff Smith Manager, Power System Studies PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop 5/6/2014 Hosting Capacity Analysis and New Screening Methods for PV Alternatives to the 15% (or 100%) Rule
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2014 PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop: Hosting Capacity Analysis and New Screening Methods for PV: Jeff Smith, EPRI
Transcript of 2014 PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop: Hosting Capacity Analysis and New Screening Methods...
Jeff Smith
Manager, Power System Studies
PV Distribution System Modeling Workshop
5/6/2014
Hosting Capacity Analysis and New
Screening Methods for PV Alternatives to the 15% (or 100%) Rule
2 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Overview
• Hosting capacity
– What is it?
– Typical hosting capacity – is there such a thing?
• Screening feeders for potential issues?
• Need for New Screening Methods
– How effective are current methods?
– How can the methods be refined?
• Developing new screening methods
– Feeder selection/clustering
– Hosting Capacity Determinations
– Screening Development and Validation
3 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Detailed Hosting Capacity Analysis Brief Overview
1.035
1.04
1.045
1.05
1.055
1.06
1.065
1.07
0 0.5 1 1.5 2
Max
imu
m F
ee
de
r V
olt
age
(Vp
u)
Total PV Penetraion of Deployment (MW)
Minimum Hosting Capacity
Maximum Hosting Capacity
A B C
Wors
t-C
ase R
esult for
Each
Uniq
ue P
V D
eplo
ym
ent
Increasing penetration (MW)
Threshold of violation
A – All penetrations in
this region are
acceptable, regardless
of location
B – Some penetrations
in this region are
acceptable, site specific
C – No penetrations in
this region are
acceptable, regardless
of location
Details on Hosting Capacity Approach:
Stochastic Analysis to Determine Feeder
Hosting Capacity for Distributed Solar PV.
EPRI, Palo Alto, CA: 2012. 1026640.
Feeder characteristics
Location of PV
Amount of PV
How much PV a specific feeder can host
4 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Detailed Hosting Capacity Analysis
Sample Findings
• Each feeder is found to
have a unique hosting
capacity for PV
• Feeder characteristics
determine issues that occur
Research Details found here:
Distributed Photovoltaic Feeder Analysis: Preliminary Findings
from Hosting Capacity Analysis of 18 Distribution Feeders. EPRI,
Palo Alto, CA: 2013. 3002001245.
0 5 10
J1
R1
R2
R3
R4
T1
T2
G1
G2
G3
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
D1
D2
D3
Large Scale
Fee
de
r
All penetrations in this
region are acceptable,
regardless of location
Some penetrations in
this region are
acceptable, site specific
No penetrations in this
region are acceptable,
regardless of location
5 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Detailed Hosting Capacity Analysis
Can load be used to predict hosting capacity?
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
Min
imu
m H
ost
ing
Cap
acit
y (M
W)
Peak Load (MW)
Not without knowledge of
other feeder characteristics
No correlation between hosting
capacity and peak load
6 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
J1 R1 R2 R3 R4 T1 T2 G1 G2 G3 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 D1 D2 D3
MW
Feeder
Minimum Hosting Capacity100% of Daytime Minimum Load
How Effective are Current Screening Practices? Keeping in mind, “screens” should be conservative by nature…
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
J1 R1 R2 R3 R4 T1 T2 G1 G2 G3 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 D1 D2 D3
MW
Feeder
Minimum Hosting Capacity15% of Maximum Load
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
J1 R1 R2 R3 R4 T1 T2 G1 G2 G3 P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 D1 D2 D3
MW
Feeder
Minimum Hosting Capacity100% of Minimum Load
15% peak and 100% minimum
load overestimates hosting
capacity on some feeders
Feeders at risk for PV to
pass through screens
without issues being flagged
7 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
What feeder characteristics seem to matter
most when predicting PV impacts?
Voltage
• Line regulators
Impedance
• PV location
Initial analysis has shown that simplified
methods can be used to estimate hosting
capacity
8 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Developing Alternatives to the 15% Screen
(or new 100% screen) – CPUC/CSI3 Project
• Overview
– Use rigorous modeling to
develop alternate simplified
screening methods for PV
interconnections
– Sample wide range of feeder
types
• Team
– EPRI, Sandia, NREL, SCE,
PG&E, SDGE, ITRON
• Timeline
– End of 2014
Feeder Selection
Hosting capacity Analysis
Develop alternative screening methods
Screening validation
9 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Feeder Selection
• Purpose of task
– Determine the range of feeder
configurations and
characteristics for CA utilities
– Select feeders from each
range/cluster
• Approach
– Cluster 1000’s of feeders
based upon topology
– Identify 20 feeders for
analysis application
• 15 for detailed analysis
• 5 for validation/verification
10 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
22 Feeders Selected
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
mile
s
Feeder
Total 3-ph ckt miles
0
2
4
6
8
10
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
#
Feeder
Number of Regulators
-
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
#
Feeder
Connected kVA
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22
mile
s
Feeder
Total 2-ph and 1-ph ckt miles
Voltage Class
4
12
16
21
33
11 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Feeder Modeling
• Detailed distribution models
– Full three-phase
– Test and control feeders
• Work with participating utility to
obtain base feeder data
– Add secondary transformers and
service drops
– Incorporate time-series load data
• Convert model to OpenDSS
(open source)
• Validate/verify model with
measurement data
Feeder
Voltage Heat
Map
12 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Detailed Hosting Capacity Sample Results from 5 Feeders
0 2 4 6 8 10
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
Small Consumer PV (MW)
Fee
de
r
A – All penetrations in this region
are acceptable, regardless of
location
B – Some penetrations in this
region are acceptable, site specific
C – No penetrations in this region
are acceptable, regardless of
location
13 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Development of Screening Methods
• Screening Method requirements
– Ease of use
– Based on readily available data
– Conservative
• Overall Approach
– Develop screening methodology/approach using results from detailed hosting capacity analysis
– Validate approach using control group of feeders and corresponding modeling and simulation results with measurement data
New
Screening
Methods
14 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Summary
• Screening methods for DER need to evolve
– Account for feeder-specific characteristics
– Account for high-penetration scenarios
• Detailed hosting capacity calculations
– Have identified gaps in existing screening methods
– Can be used as basis for new screening methods
15 © 2014 Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. All rights reserved.
Questions
Contact:
Jeff Smith
Manager, Power System Studies
EPRI
[email protected], +1.865.218.8069
![Modeling High-Penetration PV for Distribution ......penetration PV at the distribution level (e.g, hosting capacity determinations) [1,2,3]. Likewise, EPRI has also, over the past](https://static.fdocuments.in/doc/165x107/5ebb8c6543b978030f22c9e2/modeling-high-penetration-pv-for-distribution-penetration-pv-at-the-distribution.jpg)
