1.5 PTWS Brief Aug11 Kong
Transcript of 1.5 PTWS Brief Aug11 Kong
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Laura Kong
UNESCO/IOC NOAA International TsunamiInformation Center
Charles McCreery
NOAA Pacific Tsunami Warning Center
Developing the Global SystemPacific Tsunami Warning and
Mitigation System
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We cannot stop natural calamities,
but we can and must better equip
individuals and communities
to withstand them.
UN Secretary-General Kofi Annan
A Call to Action 26 December 2004
250,000 dead, 500,000 injured 1 million displaced
$8 billion in damages
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Tsunami Sources in the world(>2000 events from 1410 BC to 2011)WDC-MGG/NGDC - ITIC, 2011
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Fatal Tsunamis
(distant, regional, local) All Pacific since 1965 Most effort should be
for local tsunamis
Source: Dunbar, NGDC, 2011
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Fatal Local
Tsunamis(Pacific)
Before 1965
Since 1965
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FACTS: Every Ocean Basin and Seaimpacted Next tsunami can occur anywhereand any time Some countries have coasts on 2 or more basins Comprehensive Tsunami Mitigation Programme required
Hazard Risk Assessment, Preparedness, Warning Guidance
Until 2005, no Tsunami Warning System except in Pacific (1965)
Indian Ocean Tsunami, 230,000 lives lostJapan Tsunami, 25,000 lives lost
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United Nations role
UN Role: Define the proper scale of
the problem and its solution.The system must be:
Fully owned by countries in region Based on international multilateral
cooperation
Based on open and free exchange of data Protect all countries in region Transparent and accountable to all
members
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IOC in UN partnership
ISDR
IOC
WMO
Tsunamis:Warning guidanceHazard assessment
Mitigation
Communication (GTS)Multi-hazard
DRR platforms
PreparednessAwareness
UNDP
Disaster Mgmt
Institutional / Legislative systemsEnd-to-end response
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Intergovernmental
Oceanographic Commission
Established in 1960 in UNESCO Purpose to promoteinternational
cooperation and to coordinateprogrammes
in research, services and capacity-building,in order to learn more about the nature andresources of the ocean and coastal areas
and to apply that knowledge for theimprovement of management, sustainabledevelopment, theprotection of themarineenvironment, and the decision-makingprocess of its Member States
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Designing a GLOBAL Tsunami
Warning and Mitigation System4 Seas3 Oceans
SE Pac
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How does it function?
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Global
Regional, Sub-regional
and National Warning Centers
NWC
Indian Ocean
NWC
NWC
NWC NWC
Caribbean
Global Operational System
Malaysia
NWC
Indonesia
PTWCWC/ATWC
JMA/NWPTACNWC
NWC Pacific
Colombia
MexicoThailand
Nicaragua
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UNESCO/IOC convened ICG/ITSU - 1968 PTWSname change - 2005
Recommend / Coordinate mitigationincl timely intl warnings
32 Member States
NOAA RHH PTWC 1965PTWS Operational Center HQ
IOC-NOAA ITIC - 1965Support PTWS, hosted by NOAA
Successful internationalscientific program
Direct humanitarian aim Mitigate tsunami effects - save lives/property Pacific Basin monitoring seismicity, sea levels
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US Contribution
NOAA Tsunami Program
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MISSION: Provide reliable tsunami forecasts andwarnings, and to promote community resil ience
AREAS OF FOCUS:Hazard AssessmentWarning Guidance
Mitigation and PreparednessResearchInternational Coordination
Significant involvement and coordination withNOAA offices: NWS (PTWC, ITIC, NDBC DART), NOS (sea
level), NESDIS (satellite, NGDC), and OAR (research,
modelling)USGS: NEIC, Albuquerque Seismic Lab, Menlo Park, etc
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NOAAs Tsunami Warning System
24/7 Tsunami Warning Centers
Detection and Evaluation of Earthquakes400+ seismic stations (national and global networks,
USGS and IRIS / FDSN cooperation)
Detection and Tsunami Threat Evaluation39 deep-ocean DART Buoys
(Pacific, Atlantic, Caribbean)
400+ coastal sea-level stations (national and globalnetworks, NOS and GLOSS cooperation)
Forecasting the Tsunami ImpactModeling travel times, wave height, inundation
Coastal Forecast System(assists evacuation decision-making)
Product Generation and DisseminationWarnings, Watches, Advisories and Bulletins
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NOAAs Tsunami Mitigation Efforts
TsunamiReady ProgramImproves community awareness, preparation,and education
Strengthens local Emergency Operations
79 local communities in U.S.
National Tsunami Hazard Mitigation ProgramPartnership among Federal andState Agencies
Enhance National Tsunami Outreachand Education Efforts
Promotes a Culture of Tsunami Preparednessand Responsep
Outreach activities for public andpartners
Through the media
Community Presentations
Brochures and Websites
Outreachand Educationof
tsunami threat are key forresidents to safely respond to
Tsunami Events
GLOBAL TSUNAMI SYSTEM
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GLOBAL TSUNAMI SYSTEMOrganizational Chart
Intergovernmental / InternationalandUSagencies working on tsunamis
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REGIONAL ELEMENTS Pacific):Regional Tsunami Warningand Mitigation System
NationalTWC
WC/ATWC
NWPTAC
PTWCRegional
TWC
International
Tsunami
Information
Centre (ITIC)
National
TWC
National
TWCNational
TWCNationalTWC
National
TWS
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TechnicalWorkingGroups
Sub-regional Working Groups
PTWS CHAIR: KEN GLEDHILL (NEW ZEALAND),
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S C G ( ),
PTWS VICE-CHAIRS: PATRICIO CARRASCO (CHILE), FUJIANG YU (CHINA),
TAKESHI KOZIUMI (JAPAN)
TECHNICAL WORKING GROUPS
WG 1 RISK ASSESSMENT & REDUCTION FRANCOIS SCHINDELE (FRANCE)
TASK TEAM - TSU MODELLING HAZ ASSESSMENT VASILY TITOV (USA)
TASK TEAM - TSU RISK ASSESSMENT NGUYEN HONG PHUONG (VIETNAM)
WG 2 DETECTION, WARNING, DISSEMINATION CHIP MCCREERY (USA)
TASK TEAM - WARNING DISSEMINATION FILOMENA NELSON (SAMOA),
ED YOUNG (USA)
TASK TEAM - ENHANCING PRODUCTS CHIP MCCREERY
TASK TEAM - PACWAVE11 JO GUARD (NZ), LAURA KONG (ITIC)
TASK TEAM - SEA LEVEL MONITORING CHRIS RYAN (AUSTRALIA)
TASK TEAM - SEISMIC DATA SHARING IN SW PACIFIC KEN GLEDHILL (NZ)
WG 3 AWARENESS AND RESPONSE DAVID COETZEE (NZ)
REGIONAL WORKING GROUPS
SOUTH EAST PACIFIC EDWIN PINTO (ECUADOR)
CENTRAL AMERICA PACIFIC ALEJANDRO RODRIGUEZ (NICARAGUA)
SOUTH CHINA SEA MOHD ROSAIDI BI CHE ABAS (MALAYSIA)
SOUTH WEST PACIFIC FILOMENA NELSON (SAMOA)
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End-to-End Risk Reduction:
Hazard Risk Assessment
Historical database Inundation / evacuation Local hazard planning
based on numerical models& tsunami scenarios
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End-to-End Risk Reduction:
Warning GuidanceReal time instruments
detect , evaluat earthquakesand tsunamis
Near real-time instrumentsconfirm tsunamiCoastal sea level gaugesDeep-ocean tsunami detection
(DART)
Numerical modelspredict impactarea of distanttsunamis
E d t E d Ri k R d ti
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End-to-End Risk Reduction:
Mitigation/AwarenessDesign guidance
Structural engineering forseismic shaking / tsu flooding
Tsunami-resistantbuilding / construction codes
Alerting - beingTsunamiReady
Multiple ways of receivingLocal response plans
Emergency preparednessEvacuation Drills
=> Success Response
ITIC M d t F ti (1977)
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ITIC Mandate Functions (1977)
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ITIC (5 US, 1 Chile):
Laura Kong, Director Miguel Vasquez, Associate Director (SHOA) Brian Yanagi, Office Manager, Disaster Mgmt Tammy Fukuji, IT/Web/Graphics, etc Vacant, Technical Information Specialist Art Sonen, Administrative Assistant
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ITIC 2009-11 Activit ies Summary
Participate as technical expert on tsunami warning andmitigation to ICG meetings, workshops, trainings, technical
assessment country visits: 24 total globally
Conduct International Trainings, esp Tsunami StandardOperating Proc for TW and Emergency Response:ITP-Hawaii (2 17 countries, incl Palau and previously FSM )
ITP-International, in-country training (13 globally + 7 USA)
New: 1-day Tsunami AwarenessOnline IODE OceanTeacherhttp://classroom.oceanteacher.org
Develop / distribute tsunami warning decision supporttools; train on request: 6 basic tools, updated continuously
Develop / Revise / Distribute tsunami awareness materials New web site: itic.ioc-unesco.org or www.tsunamiwave.info Post-Tsunami Survey Coordination 2011 IOC Field Survey
Manual update, ITST-Samoa, Chile, Mentawai, Japan since2009
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ITIC 2009-11 Activit ies - Share information
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ITIC 2009 11 Activit ies Share information
PRINTED
Tsunami, Great Waves [75,000 copies] Tsunami Glossary 2008 [25,000 copies] Surviving a Tsunami - Lessons from Chile, Hawaii, and Japan
USGS Circular 1187 (English) - Revised 2009 [40,000 copies] USGS Circular 1218 (Spanish) - Revised 2009 [5000 copies, SHOA]
Global Earthquakes / Tsunami / Volcanic Eruptions posters 2010 version: [2000 copies of each]; 2008: [1000 tsunami, SHOA]; 2011 Tsunami version [3000 to be printed]
Tsunami icosohedron globe maps [50,000 copies] Where First Wave Arrives in Minutes (2004, 2006 Indo)[50,000 copies] Tsunami Warning! children booklet [20,000 copies]PLANNEDTonga Tsunami Survivor Stories Tongan, English, JICA, Tongan
Broadcasting Cooperation, ITIC, UNESCO Apia [stil l in finalization stage)
To date, more than 10,000 awareness and decision support
tool softwares distributed globally [50% to PTWS] FREE
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Thank You
Laura KongUNESCO/IOC NOAA International Tsunami
Information Center
Charles McCreeryNOAA Pacific Tsunami Warning Center