1/27 Precision PositioningCapacitive Distance Sensors for Wijnand Harmsen, PME – Mechatronic...
-
Upload
lana-hooker -
Category
Documents
-
view
221 -
download
2
Transcript of 1/27 Precision PositioningCapacitive Distance Sensors for Wijnand Harmsen, PME – Mechatronic...
1/27
Precision PositioningCapacitive Distance Sensors for
Wijnand Harmsen, PME – Mechatronic System Design
June 28th , 2010
The Excessive Humidity Effect on
Challenge the future
DelftUniversity ofTechnology
2/27
Precision Positioning
Position sensor• Contactless • Resolution • Accuracy • Sensor volume
Introduction
3/27
22mm
Capacitive Distance Sensor
Introduction
Electrode spacing d 50 µm
transmitting electrode
sensing electrode
readout
Resolution: <1 nm, Accuracy: <10 nm
4/27
The Excessive Humidity Effect
Introduction
transmitting electrode
sensing electrode
readout
Resolution: <1 nm, Accuracy: <10 nm
200-800 nm
5/27
To find a relation between the change in humidity and the readout of the capacitive sensor and to find how this relation depends on the adsorption of water on the capacitive electrodes.
Research Goal
Introduction
?
6/27
Outline
• Water layers • Measurement setup
• Humidity response
• Conclusions & recommendations
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
7/27
Water layersAdsorption
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
sensing electrode
0.6 nm
0.3 nm www.nasa.gov
8/27
Water layersAdsorption
sensing electrode
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
transmitting electrode
9/27
Indirect• Weight 6 nm• Polarization 1 nm• Attraction force 100 nm• Capacitive (el. field) 200-800 nm
Water layersMeasurement
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
Schwartz, 1994 Motschmann & Teppner, 2001 Worldpress.comWang & Kido, 2003
Max. water layer thickness
10/27
25°C50% RH
35°C50% RH
Measurement SetupRequirements
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
• Offset / gain error• Relative / absolute humidity• Thickness of 1-800 nm
Multiple distances Different temperatures 1 nm resolution 1 nm stability
Double measurement setup
Transmitting electrode
Sensing el.
Requirement
11/27
Measurement SetupCapacitive measurement
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
Transmitting electrode
Sensing el.
Insulator
Conductor
Multiple distances Different temperatures 1 nm resolution 1 nm stability 50
µm
12/27
Measurement SetupCapacitive measurement
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
Multiple distances Different temperatures 1 nm resolution 1 nm stability
Insulator
Conductor
13/27
d
Laser
Camera
Measurement SetupReference measurement
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
Multiple distances Different temperatures 1 nm resolution 1 nm stability
14/27
Measurement SetupDouble measurement setup
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
Laser
Camera
Multiple distances Different temperatures 1 nm resolution 1 nm stability
15/27
Optical Capacitive
Measurement SetupDouble measurement setup
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
Multiple distances Different temperatures 1 nm resolution 1 nm stability
16/27
0 2 4 60
1
2
3
4
5
6
dist
ance
mea
sure
d [
m]
exitation distance [m]
capacitiveoptical
Measurement SetupDouble measurement setup
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
Laser
Camera
Multiple distances Different temperatures 1 nm resolution 1 nm stability
17/27
Humidity responseInput
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
0 2 4 6
20
40
60
80
time [h]hu
mid
ity [
%]
6 8 10 12
20
40
60
80
time [h]
hum
idity
[%
]
0 2 4 6
20
40
60
80
time [h]
hum
idity
[%
]
6 8 10 12
20
40
60
80
time [h]hu
mid
ity [
%]
18/27
0 5 10 15 20 25
20
40
60
80
time [h]
hum
idity
[%
]Humidity responseMeasurements
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
0 5 10 15 20 25
-40
-20
0
20
time [h]m
easu
red
dist
ance
[nm
]
capacitiveoptical
19/27
Humidity responseMeasurements
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
0 2 4 6
20
40
60
80
time [h]
hum
idity
[%
]
20/27
• Water • Measurement distance• Temperature
• Optical measurement• Time response
Humidity responseWater layer presence
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
• Water
• Optical measurement• Time response
21/27
Humidity responseOptical measurement
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
0 5 10 15 20 25
-40
-20
0
20
time [h]
mea
sure
d di
stan
ce [
nm]
capacitiveoptical
• Water• Optical measurement• Time response
22/27
Humidity responseOptical measurement
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
• Water• Optical measurement• Time response
23/27
0 20 40 60 80 100 120-2
0
2
4
6
time [min]
d wat
er [
nm]
0 20 40 60 80 100 120-2
0
2
4
6
time [min]
d wat
er [
nm]
modelmeasured
Humidity responseTime response
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
• Water• Optical measurement• Time response
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
40
42
44
46
time [min]
hum
idity
[%
]
24/27
Humidity responseTime response
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
0 2 4 6
20
40
60
80
time [h]
hum
idity
[%
]
1 2 3 4 5 6
0
100
200
300
400
time [min]
d wat
er [
nm]
modelmeasured
• Water• Optical measurement• Time response
25/27
• Humidity - Capacitive sensor readout• Humidity - Water adsorption
Conclusions
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
• Capacitive precision measurements will be even more precise
26/27
• Different materials• Water layer influence on optical measurement• Nonlinear time dependency
ConclusionsRecommendations
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
28/27
0 1 2 3 4 5
0
100
200
300
time [h]
d wat
er [
nm]
modelmeasured
0 2 4 6
0
100
200
300
400
time [h]
d wat
er [
nm]
modelmeasured
34/27Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
• Material type • Surface roughness • Contamination
35/27Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
16 18 20
35
40
45
50
55
time [h]
hum
idity
[%
]
16 18 20-110
-100
-90
-80
-70
-60
-50
time [h]
mea
sure
d di
stan
ce [
nm]
capacitiveoptical
37/27
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
x 104
35
40
45
50
55
Rel
ativ
e H
umid
ity [
%]
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
x 104
1.1278
1.128
1.1282
1.1284x 10
-4
mea
sure
d di
stan
ce [
m]
time [s]
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
x 104
35
40
45
50
55
Rel
ativ
e H
umid
ity [
%]
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
x 104
1.1278
1.128
1.1282
1.1284x 10
-4
mea
sure
d di
stan
ce [
m]
time [s]
39/27
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
20 30 40 50 60
chan
ge in
diff
eren
ce b
etw
een
capa
citi
ve a
nd o
ptic
al
mea
urem
ent
for
a hu
mid
ity
chan
ge o
f 5 %
[nm
]
initial humidity level [%]
60µm 21°C
50µm 24°C
55µm 25°C
55µm 30°C
50µm 30°C
40/27
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
20 30 40 50 60
chan
ge in
diff
eren
ce b
etw
een
capa
citi
ve a
nd o
ptic
al
mea
urem
ent f
or a
hum
idity
ch
ange
of 5
% [n
m]
initial humidity level [%]
trend 20-30°C
50µm 35°C
50µm 35°C
95µm 30°C
41/27Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 100 200 300
chan
ge in
diff
eren
ce b
etw
een
capa
citi
ve a
nd o
ptic
al
mea
urem
ent
for
a hu
mid
ity
chan
ge o
f 5 %
[nm
]
initial humidity level [kPa]
60µm 21°C
50µm 24°C
95µm 30°C
50µm 35°C
50µm 35°C
42/27
Humidity response
Water layers / Setup / Humidity response / Conclusions
Electrode spacing [μm]
Temperature
[°C]
Initial humidity level
[%]
Final humid
ity level
[%]
Difference
between both
sensors Δd [nm]
Settling time [h]
50 24 60 88 300 5100 26 53 90 380 5.5220 25 57 88 340 450 26 70 88 200 650 35 42 85 280 6