119597640 Direct Indirect Speech Ppt

8/12/2019 119597640 Direct Indirect Speech Ppt

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ENGLISH LANGUAGEENGLISH LANGUAGE

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UNIT 2UNIT 2

DIRECT - INDIRECT SPEECHDIRECT - INDIRECT SPEECH If we reproduce of another persons actual

words, we can use in two ways, naely ! "y usin#direct speech and indirect speech.

1. Direct Speech.

Direct speechis a for of ori#inal sentence fro

soeones opinion without under#oin# any chan#es.

$he constructions of direct speech in #eneral consists

of two parts of sentences !

a. %ain clause which is called &reporting er!

". Su" clause which is called reported "ords.


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2. Indirect Speech.

Indirect speech or reported speech tells a"out the ain discussion or opinion of

soeone that is as a copound sentence

which consists of ain clause and su" clause

separated "y certain con'unctions and su"

clause "y eans of soe chan#es


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##. $he chan#e of tie and place fro direct speech. $he chan#e of tie and place fro direct speech

to indirect speech when the ain clause in theto indirect speech when the ain clause in the

Past Tense Past Tense, naely !, naely ! toorrow !eco$es ( the day after) the followin# day toorrow ni#ht & ( the ni#ht after) the followin# ni#ht toorrow ornin# & ( the ornin# after) the followin# ornin# ne*t wee+ & ( the wee+ after) the followin# wee+

ne*t onth & ( the onth after) the followin# onth ne*t year & ( the year after) the followin# year now & ( then today & ( that day


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this wee+ "ecoes ( that wee+ this onth & ( that onth this year & ( that year

this ornin# & ( that ornin# yesterday ( the day "efore) the preious day last ni#ht & ( the ni#ht "efore) the preious ni#ht last wee+ & ( the wee+ "efore) the preious wee+ last onth & ( the onth "efore) the preious onth last year & ( the year "efore) the preious year a#o & ( "efore this & ( that

these & ( those Here & ( there


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The %or$s o% Direct and Indirect Speech as %o&&o" 'The %or$s o% Direct and Indirect Speech as %o&&o" '

(. Co$$and and Re)*est. E+a$p&es '

-. He said toe, Doyour hoewor+ / 0 He as,ede to doy hoewor+. 1. He said toher, Co$ehere / 0 He to&dher to co$ethere

2. He said tothe, ring your note "oo+s when you went to school / 0 He orderedthe to !ringtheir note"oo+s when they went to school. 3. He said toe, 4lease sitdown / 0 He as,ed e to sitdown


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Note 'Note ' -. $he reporting er!sthat are used to chan#e direct speech to

indirect speech are ! te&&, as,, order, co$$and, re)*est,

adise0 etc.

1. In%initie "itho*t toin the direct speech "ecoes to in%initiein

the indirect speech

2. If direct speechuses the word &p&ease to refine the for of

coand and we want to chan#e it into indirect speech, so the

word &p&ease ust "e oitted.

3. In the for of ne#atie iperatie "y usin# &Dont which is followed

"y &in%initie "itho*t toin the direct speech, and we want to

chan#e it into indirect speech ust "e chan#ed to

"ecoe &Not to in%initie7see the sentences in part a"oe0

no. 1 - 8.


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Tas, ' 1Tas, ' 1

Change the %o&&o"ing sentences into indirect speech 3Change the %o&&o"ing sentences into indirect speech 3

E+a$p&e ' I said tothe, 4pen/o*r"oo+s /. 0 I as,edthe to opentheir "oo+s. -. &9ont worry a"out e, please /. 7A#us told his other .:.::.::8 1. &;ait here until I coe /. 7He told e ::::::..:::::.:.8 2. &$ell e what you want /. 7Ali told her ::::::::::::....8 3 &5ehae yourseles /. 7She told us .:::::::::.:::::.8

. &5e a #ood "oy /. 7 I told ?ohn :::::::::.::.:::.:...8 @. &9ont #o without e /. 7He told Alice :::::..:.::::.::.8 . &;ash your shirt /. %other as+ed her son ::::::::.....:.:8

-B. &9ont "rin# your "a# with you /. 7I told her :::..::::::.:8


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C. Positie %or$ State$ent5 in the Direct Speech.C. Positie %or$ State$ent5 in the Direct Speech.

;hen the ain clause is in the present tense0 and if wechan#e the direct speech into indirect speech, the tense

will not chan#e E+a$p&es ' -. He sa/s, &I goto school. 0 He sa/sthat he goesto school. 1. He sa/s ,I "entto school. 0 He sa/sthat he "entto school. 2. He sa/s, I hae goneto school. 0 He sa/sthat he has goneto school. 3. He sa/sto e, I a$st*d/ingEn#lish C.

0 He te&&se that he is st*d/ingEn#lish.


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1. $he chan#e of tense in the1. $he chan#e of tense in theindirect speechindirect speechwhenwhen

the ain clause is in thethe ain clause is in the Past TensePast Tense!!

P(TTERN '

DIRECT SPEECH !eco$es INDIRECT SPEECH a. Si$p&e Present Tense & Si$p&e Past Tense 7S*!6ect 7 8er!-17s9es 7... 8 & 7S*!6ect 7 8er!-2D .... 8 E+a$p&e ' He said, I goto school & 0 He saidthat he "entto

school ". Si$p&e Past Tense Past Per%ect Tense 7S*!6ect 7 8er!-2 7..... 8 7S*!6ect 7 Had 7 8er!-# 7.... 8 E+a$p&e '

He said, I "ent to school & 0 He saidthat he had goneto

school


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c. Present Per%ect Tense Past Per%ect Tense

7S*!6ect 7 Hae9Has 7 8er!-# 7.. 8 7S*!6ect 7 Had 7 8er!-#D .. 8 E+a$p&e ' He said, I hae goneto school 0 He said that He had gone to school d. Present Per%ect Contin*o*s Tense Past Per%ect Contin*o*s Tense 7S*!6ect 7 Hae9Has 7 een 7 8-ing8 & 7S*!6ect 7 Had een 7 8-ing8 E+a$p&e '

He said, I hae !eendoin# y duty 0 He said that he had !eendoin# his duty


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e. Present Contin*o*s Tense Past Contin*o*s Tense 7S*!6ect 7 ($ 7 8er!-ing 5 7S*!6ect 7 :as 7 8er!-ing8 Is :ere (re E+a$p&e '

He said, I a$doin# $/duty 0 He saidthat he "asdoin# his duty

f. Past Contin*o*s Tense Past Per%ect Contin*o*s Tense 7S*!6ect 7 :as9:ere 7 8-ing8 7S*!6ect 7 Had 7 een 7 8-ing8 E+a$p&e ' He said, I "asdoin# $/duty He saidthat he had !eendoin# his duty


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#. ;*t*re Tense Past ;*t*re Tense 7S*!6ect 7 :i&& 7 8-1 7 ... 8 & 7S*!6ect 7 :o*&d 7 8-1 7...8 Sha&& Sho*&d E+a$p&e '

He said, I "i&& do $/duty & 0 He saidthat he "o*&ddo his duty h. Present


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Note 'Note '

-. ;hen the direct speechis in the positie state$ent5

9 negatie, which is chan#ed in the indirect speech,

the con'unction ust "e used, is that.

1. ;hen reporting er! said5in the direct speechis

not followed "y o!6ect, and we chan#e it into indirect

speech, the er" &said, there is no chan#e. 2. 5ut when the reporting er! said5 is %o&&o"ed !/

o!6ect, so the er" saidust "e chan#ed "y to&d


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Tas, ' 2Tas, ' 2


E+a$p&e ' He said, I"i&& do$/hoewor+. 0 He said that he"o*&d dohishoewor+. -. ?ohn said, &%ary, your "oo+ is on the ta"le. 1. $ono said, &I hae to wor+ hard to day. 2. He said, &$he doctor pulled out two of y teeth last wee+. 3. $hey say, &;e are learnin# En#lish Graar.


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9..The interrogatie %or$ o% Direct Speech "itho*t *singe nterrogat e or$ o rect peec " t o*t *s ng

)*estion "ords =es9No0 >*estion5. )*estion "ords =es9No0 >*estion5. E+a$p&es '

-. %ary said toe, Doyou goto school today C 0 %ary as,ede i%9"hetherI "entto school that day.

1. $he teacher said toher, Didyou doyour hoewor+ &ast nightC.

0 $he teacher as,edher i%9"hethershe had doneher hoewor+ the

night !e%ore.

2. %other as,edhi, Haeyou c&eanedyour roo C 0 %other as,edhi i%9"hetherhe had c&eanedhis roo.

3. I said tothe, (reyou st*d/ingEn#lish now C

0 I "anted to ,no"i%9"hetherthey "erestudyin# En#lish then


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Note 'Note '

-. ;hen the direct speechis in the interro#atie for,

whether it uses Fuestion word or not, if the ain clause

uses ! said7reportin# er"8, and we chan#e it into indirect

speech0so the er" &said ust "e chan#ed "y reporting

er!s' as,0 in)*ire0 "onder0 "ant to ,no" etc

1. In the direct speech without usin# Fuestion words, 7=es9No

>*estion8, when we chan#e it into indirect speech, we

ust use the con'unction of ' i%9"hether.

2. ;hen the direct speech is chan#ed into indirect speech,

the interro#atie construction ust "e returned in the

positie fors.


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Tas, ' #Tas, ' #


E+a$p&e '

&Do/o* see %r. ?ohn passin# hereC. He said toe. 0 He as,ede i% I sa"%r. ?ohn passin# there. -. $he an as+s e, 9id you hear a loud crash C. 1. I said to her, ;ill your father and other "e "ac+ "y -- ocloc+ C. 2. I said, an the #ardener "e#in his wor+ on Saturday C. 3. $hey said to the, 9id you succeed in a+in# hi chan#e his ind C. . $hey said, an you coe toorrow, ?ohn C. @ .aroline said, ;ill you help e, %ary C . ?ohn says to her, 9o you want e to help you C.

-B. $he teacher said to hi, 9id you see e at the "oo+store yesterday C.


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E.E.Interrogatie %or$ in the Direct Speech !/ *singInterrogatie %or$ in the Direct Speech !/ *sing

)*estion "ords )*estion "ords

E+a$p&es ' -. %y other said toe, ;hen doyou doyour

hoewor+ C.

0 %y other as,ede when I didy hoewor+.

1. ather said toe, ;here didyou go&ast "ee,C. 0 ather "anted to ,no"where I had gonethe "ee,

!e%ore.

2. $he doctor said toe, How lon# haeyou !eenill C.

0 $he doctor as,ede how lon# I had !eenill. 3. He said to?ohn, ;hat areyou doing no"C.

0 He as,ed?ohn what he "as doing then.


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Note 'Note '

-. ;hen the direct speech in the Fuestion fors "y usin#

Fuestion words and we chan#e into indirect speech, so

the con'unction that is used, is the Fuestion word itself.

1. $he construction in the indirect speech ust "e

returned in the positie fors.

2. $he er"s &said and &as,ed can "e followed "y or

without o"'ect.

3. $he er"s ! in)*ire0 "onder0 "ant to ,no", cannot "e

followed "y o"'ect.


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Tas, ' Tas, '


E+a$p&e '

I said tohi, :hendo yougoto Sura"aya C. 0 I as,ed hi "hen he"entto Sura"aya. -. &;here did you hide the +ey C. I said to y "rother. 1. He said, ;hen will you return, %ary C 2. %other as+s e, How did you #et into the roo C.

3. $he policean said, How any of the "oo+s were stolen C. . ?ohn as+ed, ;hy was %r. ?ac+ an#ry C @. $he teacher said, ;hy dont the students finish their wor+ Fuic+ly C. . ?ohn said, who did you see at the station yesterday, ?ane C. -B. 9aid said to e, ;hich one do you li+e "est C.

119597640 Direct Indirect Speech Ppt

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