Direct Indirect Speech
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Transcript of Direct Indirect Speech
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English
Grammar IUnit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Direct speech means to say exactly
what the other one said. Quotation
marks have to be used in a directspeech. Indirect speech refers to a
sentence expressing what the other
said. Quotation marks are not usedin an indirect speech.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
However in an indirect speech the
tense should be changed! that is
because when an indirect speech isused it is always used to talk about
a time in the past. "ometimes an
indirect speech will use a reportingverb such as tell ask and say.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
#iss $ang said %I am going
swimming&
%'he dinner will be ready in tenminutes& #y mother said.
#iss $ang said she was going
swimming.#y mother said the dinner would be
ready in ten minutes.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
11-1.1 Tense change in indirect
speeches:
Direct "peech ()resent "imple
Indirect "peech ()ast "imple
#ary said % I am
cold.&
#ary said she was
cold.
*anet said %I will beeighteen.&
*anet said shewould be eighteen.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Direct "peech ()resent continuous
Indirect "peech ()ast continuous
%It is raining outside&#om said.
#om said it wasraining outside.
%I am waiting foryou& +inda said.
+inda said shewas waiting for me.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Direct "peech ()resent perfect
Indirect "peech ()ast perfect
*oe said %I have livedhere for ,- years&.
*oe said he had livedhere for ,- years.
#ark said %I havefinished it.&
#ark said he hadfinished it.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Direct "peech ()resent "imple
Indirect "peech ()ast "imple
#ike said& I candance.&
#ike said he coulddance.
#ark said %I must go.&#ark said he had togo.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
* If we state something which is true
the present simple tense will be
used in the indirect speech.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Direct "peech ()resent "imple
Indirect "peech ()resent "imple
#ay said %I amfrom ra/il.&
#ay said she isfrom ra/il.
#ark said %'exas
is the secondlargest state in
0merica.&
#ark said 'exas
is the secondlargest state in
0merica.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
11-1.2 The change of time
expression:
'he time expression should bechanged if it is included in an
indirect speech.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Table 11.1: The change of time
expression
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
now then
today that day
this morning that morning
yesterdaythe day before / the
previous day
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
yesterday
morning
the morning before / the
previous morning
last nightthe night before / the
previous night
last Monday the Monday before / the previous Monday
ago before
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Direct Speech Indirect Speech
two days ago two days before
tomorrow the next day
next week the following week
here there
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
%$hether& and %if& should be put
before an indirect speech if we
change a direct speech 1uestionsentence into an indirect speech
sentence.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Direct "peech2 'he teacher asked me
3Have you finished your exercises43
Indirect "peech2 'he teacher asked mewhether I had finished my exercises.
Direct "peech2 #r. +ee asked him 3Do
you know how to say it in English43 Indirect "peech2 #r. +ee asked him if he
knew how to say it in English.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
11.2 Indirect Qestions
Indirect 1uestions are polite longer
forms of normal 1uestions. Indirect1uestions are formed of two parts2
a polite expression and a 1uestion
which has no sub5ect(verb inversionlike a normal 1uestion.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
6or example2 Do you know whereshe comes from4 'he polite
expression is 3Do you know...3 andthe 1uestion part is 3.where shecomes from %. 'he 7erb %do& and%does& is not used in indirect
1uestions and 1uestion marks arenot used either. 'he rules forforming an indirect 1uestionsentence are listed in table ,,.8.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Table 11.2: The forming of
indirect !estion sentence.
Direct Question Indirect Question
$here is the busstop4
9ould you tell mewhere the bus stop is4
Direct Question Indirect Question
$hat does yourfather do4
)lease tell me whatyour father does.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Direct Question Indirect Question
$here did you go
last night4
)lease let me know
where you went lastnight.
Direct Question Indirect Question
$hat will you buy4 I wonder what you willbuy.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
$hen reporting 1uestions it is
especially important to pay
attention to sentence order. $henreporting yes( no 1uestions connect
the reported 1uestion using "if#.
"ome common polite expressionsare listed as following2
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
I wonder I can:t remember 9ould
you tell me $ould you mind telling
me $ould it be possible for you toIs there any chance you could I:d
like to know if I can:t remember.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
Do you like *apanese food4
⇒ I am wondering if you like
*apanese food4Did you go to the concert4
⇒ )lease tell me if you went to the
concert.
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech
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Unit 11: Direct Speech &
Indirect Speech