10-2 Glycogen (starch) metabolism
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Transcript of 10-2 Glycogen (starch) metabolism
10-2 Glycogen (starch) metabolism
Figures:
Stryer-5ed; chapter: 21
Lehninger-4ed; chapters: 7, 15, 23
The structure of starch
amylopectin Branch points occur every 24 to 30 residues!
The structure of amylose
The structure of glycogen
More branched and compact: branch points occur every 8 to 12 residues!
Glycogen (starch)degradation(glycogenolysis)
Pyridoxal phosphate cofactor(also in amino acid metabolism)
Glycogen synthesis (glycogenesis)
D-Glucose + ATP D-glucose-6-phosphate + ADP (hexokinase)
Glucose-6-phosphate glucose-1-phosphate (phosphoglucomutase)
Glucose-1-phosphate + UTP UDP-glucose + PPi (UDP-Glc pyrophosphorylase)
UDP-glucose is the substrate for glycogen synthesis
ADP-glucose is the substrate for starch synthesis in plants
The cost of converting Glc-6-P into glycogen:
Glucose-6-phosphate glucose-1-phosphate (phosphoglucomutase)
Glucose-1-phosphate + UTP UDP-glucose + PPi (UDP-glucose phosphorylase)
PPi + H2O 2Pi (inorganic pyrophosphatase)
UDP-glucose + glycogen (n) glycogen (n+1) + UDP (glycogensynthase)
UDP + ATP UTP + ADP (nucleoside diphosphate kinase)
Sum: Glc-6-P + ATP + glycogen (n) + H2O glycogen (n+1) + ADP + 2Pi