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INFLUENCE OF HUMAN HAIR TO CEMENT TILES

___________________________

A project StudyPresented to the faculty of theCivil Engineering Department

Nueva Ecija University of Science and TechnologyGen. Tinio St., Cabanatuan City________________________In Partial FulfillmentOf the Requirements for the SubjectCivil Engineering Project (CE 523)

By:

JAKE JERSON M. ASUNCIONKIMBERLY G. JAVIEREDDIESON B. MATAJONEL A. OCAMPOFATIMA M. RAMOSLAMBERTO C. TALPLACIDO JR.

`March 2015APPROVAL SHEET

This Project Study entitled INFLUENCE OF HUMAN HAIR TO CEMENT TILES prepared and submitted by Jake Jerson M. Asuncion, Kimberly G. Javier, Eddieson B. Mata, Jonel A. Ocampo, Fatima M. Ramos and Lamberto C. Talplacido Jr. in partial fulfillment for the subject Project Study (CE 522) has been examined and is hereby recommended for approval.

DR. ESTRELITA L. BERNARDOAdviser

CommitteeENGR. CHARITO D. SABLAYAChairman

ENGR. DARWIN U. ONG ENGR. LORINDA E. PASCUAL MemberMember

Approved by the Committee on March 30, 2015.Jake Jerson M. AsuncionKimberly G. JavierEddieson B. MataJonel A. OcampoFatima M. RamosLamberto C. Talplacido Jr. ___________________________________________________________

Accepted and approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Project Study for the degree Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering.

MARIA ISIDRA P. MARCOS, Ed. D. DeanCollege of Engineering

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This research project would not have been possible without the support of many people. The researchers wish to express their gratitude to their subject professor, Dr. Estrelita L. Bernardo who was willingly and helpful in offering invaluable assistance, support and guidance to the group. Deepest gratitude is also due their faculty members in the Civil Engineering Department for giving the researchers background and ideas at some point of the study. Without whose knowledge and assistance this study would not have been successful. Special thanks also to all their friends, especially group members; Jake Jerson M. Asuncion, Kimberly G. Javier, Eddieson B. Mata, Jonel A. Ocampo, Fatima M. Ramos and Lamberto C. Talplacido Jr. for sharing the literature and invaluable assistance. The researchers would also like to convey thanks to all the staffs and representatives of Department of Works and Highways (DPWH, NEED I), Material and Testing Quality Control Department for allowing them to conduct tests, specially the Strength Compressive Tests for the specimens and for giving data, ideas and trivias on the write-ups.The researchers wish to express their love and gratitude to their beloved families; for their understanding & endless love, through the duration of their studies.

J. J. A.K. G. K.E. B. M.J. A. O. F. M. R.L. C. T.

DEDICATIONThe researchers dedicate their research study to their family and many friends. They give a tremendous gratitude to their respective parents whose words of encouragement pushed them to give their best. Without their love, support and care, this project would have been made impossible. And to those who have supported them through financial and moral aspects, for giving all their needs during the duration of their research, this humble piece of work is also dedicated. Finally, the researchers gratefully thank Almighty Father God in heaven, who always guides the researchers, spiritually, mentally and socially. God also gave the researchers knowledge and strength to finish this research.

ABSTRACT

Title:INFLUENCE OF HUMAN HAIR TO CEMENT TILESResearchers:JAKE JERSON M. ASUNCIONKIMBERLY G. JAVIEREDDIESON B. MATAJONEL A. OCAMPOFATIMA M. RAMOSLAMBERTO C. TALPLACIDO JR.

Adviser:DR. ESTRELITA L. BERNARDOInstitution:Nueva Ecija University of Science and TechnologyDegree:Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering

Statement of the Problem

The study aimed to compare and analyzed the possible effects of hair in the tile distinct characteristics. Specifically, it intended to:1. determine the most appropriate hair proportion to cement tile mix2. compare the physical properties of tiles with human hair and tiles with no hair in terms of 2.1 water absorption2.1.1 tile mass: accuracy measurement2.1.2 moisture rating2.2 drop test2.3 resistance to scratches2.4 scoring2.5 slip resistance2.6 resistance to abrasion3. compare the resistance to chemical characteristics of tiles with and without hair in terms of3.1 resistance to staining3.2 resistance to household chemicals3.3 resistance to acids and alkaline

CONCLUSIONSBased on the presented findings, the following conclusions were drawn:1. Presence of hair in cement tiles can sustain a greater force.2. Cement tile with hair has low water absorption than cement tile without hair, thereby is more durable and strength are increased. Also, because of its low water absorption, cement tiles with hair is fully vitrified and impervious, meaning they are superior products as viewed by the consumers.3. During the drop test, a slight cracked at the edges resulted for cement tiles with hair after 5 drops while the whole cement tile with no hair cracked vigorously after three trials only. 4. Using resistance to scratches test it was found out that the tiles with hair has a rating of 6 while tiles with no hair has a rating of 5 only.5. When scoring test was used, cement tile with hair was hard to cut unlike the one without hair. 6. It was found out the cement tile with hair has a good slip resistance than the cement tile without hair.7. As to resistance to chemicals, both samples were not resistant to staining and both samples were discernable to change in appearance when applying the chemical resistance test and resistance to acid tests.

RECOMMENDATIONS

1. The production of cement tiles is highly recommended especially for wall and tile flooring.2. To have a more presentable and attractive surface of the tiles, it is recommended that glaze should be put on the surface or some figure can be drawn to the design of the surface.3. Other source of raw materials like clay can be studied to produce cheaper tiles.

TABLE OF CONTENTSTitle Page ...............................................iApproval Sheet ..........................................iiAcknowledgement ........................................iiiAbstract ................................................ivTable of Contents ........................................XCHAPTER I THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING ..................1Introduction ........................................1Statement of the Problem ............................2Significance of the Study ...........................4Scope and Limitation of the Study ...................5Conceptual Framework ................................6Definition of Terms ................................10CHAPTER II RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES .............10CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY ...............................20Method of Research .................................20Research Locale....................................21Techniques Used in Gathering Data ..................21Actual Procedure of the Study......................23CHAPTER IV PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS ANDINTERPRETATION OF DATA .............................25

CHAPTER V SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS ANDRECOMMENDATIONS ...................................33Summary ...........................................39Conclusions........................................39Recommendations ...................................41BIBLIOGRAPHY ...........................................42DOCUMENTATION ..........................................44CURRICULUM VITAE .......................................50