1 Apuntes: El pretérito 2 I went to the store. I bought a shirt. I paid in cash. El Pretérito: is...
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Transcript of 1 Apuntes: El pretérito 2 I went to the store. I bought a shirt. I paid in cash. El Pretérito: is...
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Apuntes: El pretérito
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I went to the store.I bought a shirt.I paid in cash.
El Pretérito:
• is a past tense (“-ed”)• talks about what happened• is a completed action
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Las reglas:
1. Para eventos terminados (en el pasado)
2. Para acciones en secuencia (completadas en orden)3. Para narrar en el pasado
(¿qué pasó?) 4. Para interrupciones
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Verbos regulares: -AR
hablaryo
hablé
nosotros(as)
hablamos
tú
hablaste
vosotros(as)
hablasteis
él/ella/ud.
habló
ellos/ellas/uds.
hablaron
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RECUERDA:
Hay acentos en la forma yo y en la forma él / ella / Ud La forma nosotros es igual en el presente y en el pretérito para los verbos –AR y –IR Las conjugaciones para –ER y –IR son iguales La forma vosotros es similar a la forma tú…+ is
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Repaso: - ARRepaso: - AR1. tú – bailar ¡____________!
2. yo – caminar ¡____________!
3. nosotros – volar ¡____________!
4. Juan - abordar ¡____________!
5. vostros - registrar ¡____________!
6. tú – presentarse ¡_____________!
bailastebailaste
caminécaminé
volamosvolamos
abordóabordó
registrasteisregistrasteis
te presentastete presentaste
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Repaso: - ARRepaso: - AR1. José – esperar ¡____________!
2. tú – viajar ¡____________!
3. yo – tomar ¡____________!
4. nosotros- jugar ¡____________!
5. ellos – cantar ¡____________!
6. vosotros – llegar ¡____________!
esperóesperó
viajasteviajaste
tométomé
jugamosjugamos
cantaroncantaron
llegasteisllegasteis
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-CAR / -GAR / -ZAR
1. Los verbos que terminan en CAR, GAR, ZAR son irregulares en la forma YO
2. Debes cambiar la ortografía para mantener la pronunciación original.
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La forma "yo” cambia en el pretérito para conservar la pronunciación original del verbo en el infinitivo.
buscarpagaralmorzar
buscépagéalmorzé
busquépaguéalmorc
é
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-CAR / -GAR / -ZAR-CAR QU
buscar busqué
-GAR GU pagar pagué
-ZAR C almorzar almorcé
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(-car verbs)
busquébuscastebuscó
buscamosbuscasteisbuscaron
Por ejemplo:
buscar
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INFINITIVO YO INGLÉS
buscar busqué to look for
explicar expliqué to explain
practicar practiqué to practice
sacar saqué to take out, get
tocar toqué to play, touch
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(-gar verbs)
paguépagastepagó
pagamospagasteispagaron
Por ejemplo:
pagar
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INFINITIVO YO INGLÉS
jugar jugué to play
llegar llegué to arrive
pagar pagué to pay
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(-zar verbs)
almorcéalmorzastealmorzó
almorzamosalmorzasteisalmorzaron
Por ejemplo:
almorzar
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INFINITIVO YO INGLÉS
abrazar abracé to hug
almorzar almorcé to eat lunch
comenzar
comencé to begin
empezar empecé to begin
organizar
organicé to organize
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Repaso: Repaso: CAR/GAR/ZARCAR/GAR/ZAR1. tú – almorzar ¡____________!
2. yo – buscar ¡____________!
3. nosotros – llegar ¡____________!
4. Juan – pagar ¡____________!
5. vosotros - tocar ¡____________!
6. tú y yo – comenzar ¡_____________!
almorzastealmorzaste
busquébusqué
llegamosllegamos
pagópagó
tocasteistocasteis
comenzamoscomenzamos
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Repaso: Repaso: CAR/GAR/ZARCAR/GAR/ZAR1. yo– empezar ¡____________!
2. Ustedes - sacar ¡____________!
3. yo – jugar ¡____________!
4. vosotras - llegar ¡____________!
5. yo – practicar ¡____________!
6. tú y Pedro – pagar ¡_____________!
empecéempecé
sacaronsacaron
juguéjugué
llegasteisllegasteis
practiquépractiqué
pagaronpagaron
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Verbos regulares: -ER
comeryo
comí
nosotros(as)
comimos
tú
comiste
vosotros(as)
comisteis
él/ella/ud.
comió
ellos/ellas/uds.
comieron
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Verbos regulares: -IR
viviryo
viví
nosotros(as)
vivimostú
viviste
vosotros(as)
vivisteisél/ella/ud.
vivió
ellos/ellas/uds.
vivieron
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CAMBIOS ORTOGRÁFICOS
sentir: to feelyo
sentí
nosotros(as)
sentimos
tú
sentiste
vosotros(as)
sentisteis
él/ella/ud.
sintió
ellos/ellas/uds.
sintieron
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CAMBIOS ORTOGRÁFICOS
dormir: to sleepyo
dormí
nosotros(as)
dormimos
tú
dormiste
vosotros(as)
dormisteis
él/ella/ud.
durmió
ellos/ellas/uds.
durmieron
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VERBOS e i competir conseguir despedirse divertirse pedir preferir repetir sentir seguir sugerir vestirse / desvestirse
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to competeto find
to say goodbyeto have fun, enjoy
onselfto ask for, order, requestto prefer
to repeat
to feel
to follow
to suggest to dress/undress
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VERBOS o udormir morir
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to die
to sleep
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Repaso: Sandal VerbsRepaso: Sandal Verbs1. Juan – competed ¡____________!
2. Isabel - died ¡____________!
3. I – slept ¡____________!
4. we – felt ¡____________!
5. I – dressed myself ¡____________!
6. You all – repeated ¡____________!
compitiócompitió
muriómurió
dormídormí
sentimossentimos
me vestíme vestí
repetisteisrepetisteis
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Repaso: Sandal VerbsRepaso: Sandal Verbs1. they – slept ¡____________!
2. you - died ¡____________!
3. we - suggested ¡____________!
4. I – enjoyed myself ¡____________!
5. she preferred ¡____________!
6. you all – asked for ¡____________!
durmierondurmieron
moristemoriste
sugerimossugerimos
me divertíme divertí
prefirióprefirió
pedisteispedisteis
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SPELLING CHANGE: i y-LEER
él leió leyó ellos leieron leyeron
-HUIR: to run away él huió huyó ellos huieron huyeron
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SPELLING CHANGES: -ER
leer: to readyo
leí
nosotros(as)
leímostú
leíste
vosotros(as)
leísteisél/ella/ud.
leyó
ellos/ellas/uds.
leyeron
ACCENTS!
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SPELLING CHANGES: -ER
creer: to believeyo
creí
nosotros(as)
creímostú
creíste
vosotros(as)
creísteisél/ella/ud.
creyó
ellos/ellas/uds.
creyeron
ACCENTS!
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SPELLING CHANGES: IR
oír: to listenyo
oí
nosotros(as)
oímostú
oíste
vosotros(as)
oísteisél/ella/ud.
oyó
ellos/ellas/uds.
oyeron
ACCENTS!
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SPELLING CHANGES: -IR
huir: to run awayyo
huí
nosotros(as)
huimostú
huiste
vosotros(as)
huisteisél/ella/ud.
huyó
ellos/ellas/uds.
huyeron
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La excepción
reír: to laughyo
reí
nosotros(as)
reímostú
reíste
vosotros(as)
reísteisél/ella/ud.
rió
ellos/ellas/uds.
rierondrop the “e” in the stem
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Repaso: - ER/IRRepaso: - ER/IR1. tú – recibir ¡____________!
2. yo – leer ¡____________!
3. nosotros – beber ¡____________!
4. Juan - escribir ¡____________!
5. vosotros - creer ¡____________!
6. tú – vestirse ¡_____________!
recibisterecibiste
leíleí
bebimosbebimos
escribióescribió
creisteiscreisteis
te vestistete vestiste
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Repaso: - ER/IRRepaso: - ER/IR1. el criminal – huir ¡____________!
2. tú – comer ¡____________!
3. yo – oír ¡____________!
4. nosotros- perder ¡____________!
5. ellos – subir ¡____________!
6. vosotros – salir ¡____________!
huyóhuyó
comistecomiste
oíoí
perdimosperdimos
subieronsubieron
salisteissalisteis
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VERBOS IRREGULARES
dar: to giveyo
dinosotros(as)
dimostú
distevosotros(a)
disteisél/ella/ud.
dioellos/ellas/uds.
dieron
35
ver: to seeyo
vinosotros(as)
vimostú
vistevosotros(a)
visteisél/ella/ud.
vioellos/ellas/uds.
vieron
DAR and VER take regular er / ir verb endings. DAR is irregular because it does not take –ar endings Neither verb has an accent (like other irregular verbs)
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VERBOS IRREGULARES
ir: to goyo
fuinosotros(as)
fuimostú
fuistevosotros(a)
fuisteisél/ella/ud.
fueellos/ellas/uds.
fueron
36
ser: to beyo
fuinosotros(as)
fuimostú
fuistevosotros(a)
fuisteisél/ella/ud.
fueellos/ellas/uds.
fueron
IR and SER have the same stems and endings. No accents on irregular verbs You must use context clues to figure out the meanings
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Repaso: Verbos Repaso: Verbos irregularesirregulares
1. she – gave ¡____________!
2. I – saw ¡____________!
3. we – were ¡____________!
4. you – went ¡____________!
5. they - saw ¡____________!
6. you all – gave ¡____________!
diodio
vivi
fuimosfuimos
fuistefuiste
vieronvieron
disteisdisteis
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Repaso: Verbos Repaso: Verbos irregularesirregulares
1. Pepe – saw ¡____________!
2. he – went ¡____________!
3. you all – were ¡____________!
4. him and I – saw ¡____________!
5. María - was ¡____________!
6. you – gave ¡____________!
viovio
fuefue
fuisteisfuisteis
vimosvimos
fuefue
distediste