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AdjectivesAdjectivesAdjectivesAdjectives

Spanish One ch.2Spanish One ch.2

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Los adjetivos:Los adjetivos:Los adjetivos:Los adjetivos: Adjectives: Words that

modify nouns

En español, most adjectives have either two or four forms

When using adjectives in Spanish, one must always consider PLACEMENT and AGREEMENT.

Adjectives: Words that modify nouns

En español, most adjectives have either two or four forms

When using adjectives in Spanish, one must always consider PLACEMENT and AGREEMENT.

Los Adjetivos

Adjectives are the words we use to describe.

They can inform about any characteristic of the noun they go with, such as: shape, color, size…

Adjectives are the words we use to describe.

They can inform about any characteristic of the noun they go with, such as: shape, color, size…

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Los Adjetivos

A Spanish adjective will change its ending to match the gender and number of the noun it describes.

A Spanish adjective will change its ending to match the gender and number of the noun it describes.

•If the noun is singular, then the adjective will be singular

•If the noun is plural then the adjective will be plural.

•If the noun is female, then the adjective will be female

•If the noun is male then the adjective will be male.

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Male & Female

All Spanish nouns (things) are either male or female.

All Spanish nouns (things) are either male or female.

•La nariz

•La cara

•Las orejas

•El pelo

•El bigote

•Los ojos

•Female •Male

•La or Las Female

•El or Los Male

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ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT:ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT:

If an adjective ends in O, it will

usually have four forms and the

form that you use in any given

sentence must agree with the noun

that it modifies.

simpático (m/s) simpática (f/s)

simpáticos (m/p) simpáticas (f/p)

If an adjective ends in O, it will

usually have four forms and the

form that you use in any given

sentence must agree with the noun

that it modifies.

simpático (m/s) simpática (f/s)

simpáticos (m/p) simpáticas (f/p)

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ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT:ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT:

If an adjective ends in DOR or DORA

must agree in number and gender

with the noun that it modifies.

trabajador (m/s) trabajadora (f/s)

trabajadores (m/p) trabajadoras(f/p)

If an adjective ends in DOR or DORA

must agree in number and gender

with the noun that it modifies.

trabajador (m/s) trabajadora (f/s)

trabajadores (m/p) trabajadoras(f/p)

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ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT:ADJECTIVE AGREEMENT:

If an adjective ends in

something other than these

two, then it will usually have

only two forms – singular and

plural.

inteligente (s) inteligentes (p)

If an adjective ends in

something other than these

two, then it will usually have

only two forms – singular and

plural.

inteligente (s) inteligentes (p)

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PLACEMENT OF ADJECTIVESPLACEMENT OF ADJECTIVESPLACEMENT OF ADJECTIVESPLACEMENT OF ADJECTIVES

1.1. Quantitative adjectivesQuantitative adjectives• placed in front of the nounplaced in front of the noun

2.2. Descriptive adjectivesDescriptive adjectives• placed after the noun

3.3. Nouns used as adjectivesNouns used as adjectives• placed after the noun and

separated by the

word “de”

1.1. Quantitative adjectivesQuantitative adjectives• placed in front of the nounplaced in front of the noun

2.2. Descriptive adjectivesDescriptive adjectives• placed after the noun

3.3. Nouns used as adjectivesNouns used as adjectives• placed after the noun and

separated by the

word “de”

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ExceptionsExceptions to the rule…: to the rule…:ExceptionsExceptions to the rule…: to the rule…:

The adjectives The adjectives good (bueno) and good (bueno) and bad (malo)bad (malo) are descriptive are descriptive adjectives but are generally placed adjectives but are generally placed in front of the nouns they modify.in front of the nouns they modify.

Also adjectives that reflect an Also adjectives that reflect an inherent quality of the noun inherent quality of the noun ((coldcold ice) are also placed in front of ice) are also placed in front of the noun.the noun.

The adjectives The adjectives good (bueno) and good (bueno) and bad (malo)bad (malo) are descriptive are descriptive adjectives but are generally placed adjectives but are generally placed in front of the nouns they modify.in front of the nouns they modify.

Also adjectives that reflect an Also adjectives that reflect an inherent quality of the noun inherent quality of the noun ((coldcold ice) are also placed in front of ice) are also placed in front of the noun.the noun.

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EXAMPLES:EXAMPLES:

the big backpack

la mochila grande

a white book

un libro blanco

three Spanish notebooks

tres cuadernos de español

the big backpack

la mochila grande

a white book

un libro blanco

three Spanish notebooks

tres cuadernos de español

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PRACTICE:PRACTICE:

• Some full backpacks • A big desk• five English books• Two dirty windows• An orange notebook• The new student

• Some full backpacks • A big desk• five English books• Two dirty windows• An orange notebook• The new student

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PRACTICAPRACTICA

• unas mochilas llenas • Un escritorio grande• cinco libros de inglés• Dos ventanas sucias• un cuaderno anaranjado• El estudiante nuevo

• unas mochilas llenas • Un escritorio grande• cinco libros de inglés• Dos ventanas sucias• un cuaderno anaranjado• El estudiante nuevo

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PRACTICE:PRACTICE:

• Some backpacks are full.• A desk is big. • Five books are english. • Two windows are dirty. • A notebook is orange.• The student is new.

• Some backpacks are full.• A desk is big. • Five books are english. • Two windows are dirty. • A notebook is orange.• The student is new.

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PRACTICAPRACTICA

• Unas mochilas son llenas. • Un escritorio es grande.• Cinco libros son de inglés.• Dos ventanas son sucias. • Un cuaderno es anaranjado• El estudiante es nuevo.

• Unas mochilas son llenas. • Un escritorio es grande.• Cinco libros son de inglés.• Dos ventanas son sucias. • Un cuaderno es anaranjado• El estudiante es nuevo.

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PRACTICE:PRACTICE:

• My favorite aunt. • His affectionate mother. • Our creative relatives. • Your shy cousin. • My mean grandparents.• Their nice parents.

• My favorite aunt. • His affectionate mother. • Our creative relatives. • Your shy cousin. • My mean grandparents.• Their nice parents.

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PRACTICE:PRACTICE:

• Mi tía favorita. • Su mama cariñosa. • Nuestros parientes creativos. • Tu primo tímido. • Mis abuelos antipáticos.• Sus padres simpáticos.

• Mi tía favorita. • Su mama cariñosa. • Nuestros parientes creativos. • Tu primo tímido. • Mis abuelos antipáticos.• Sus padres simpáticos.

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PRACTICE:PRACTICE:

• My favorite aunt. • His mother is affectionate. • Our relatives are creative. • Your cousin is shy. • My grandparents are mean.• Their parents are nice.

• My favorite aunt. • His mother is affectionate. • Our relatives are creative. • Your cousin is shy. • My grandparents are mean.• Their parents are nice.

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PRACTICE:PRACTICE:

• Su mama es cariñosa. • Nuestros parientes son

creativos. • Tu primo es tímido. • Mis abuelos son antipáticos.• Sus padres son simpáticos.

• Su mama es cariñosa. • Nuestros parientes son

creativos. • Tu primo es tímido. • Mis abuelos son antipáticos.• Sus padres son simpáticos.