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* NounsNouns * PronounsPronouns * AdjectivesAdjectives * InterjectionsInterjections * PrepositionsPrepositions * VerbsVerbs * AdverbsAdverbs * ConjunctionsConjunctions

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Person, place, thing, or idea Proper Noun: particular person, place, thing, or idea (capitalized) EX: February, Mr. Jones Common Noun: everyday names of people, places, things, or ideas EX: month, school, country

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Concrete Noun: (most nouns) name things that can be seen, felt, heard, touched, or smelled EX: star, water, flower, basketball Abstract Noun: name concepts, beliefs, or qualities EX: freedom, capitalism, courage

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Compound Noun: consists of more than 1 noun but count as one word EX: Minooka Community High School, Illinois State University Collective Noun: names of persons, places, or things that are sometimes counted as 1 unit (considered to be singular) are are sometimes counted separately (considered plural) EX: army, herd, pack, family

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A word that takes the place of a noun Personal Pronoun: represent people or things EX: I, me, you, he, him, she, her, it, we, us, they, them Possessive Pronoun: show ownership EX: mine, yours, hers, his, theirs, ours

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Demonstrative Pronoun: demonstrates or points out someone or something EX: this, that, these, those Relative Pronoun: relates 1 part of the sentence to another EX: who, whom, which, that, whose

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Reflexive Pronoun: (sometimes called intensive pronoun) reflects back to someone or something else in the sentence EX: myself, himself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves DONT use a reflexive pronoun in a sentence if you havent already specified whom or what youre talking about.

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Interrogative Pronoun: asks a question EX: who, whom, which, whose, what Indefinite Pronoun: (opposite of name) refers to a specific person (group) that has already been mentioned EX: all the bodies, all the things, all the ones EX: each, either, neither = SINGULAR EX: few, both, many, several = PLURAL SAMAN (some, all, most, any, none) Can be both SINULAR OR PLURAL

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Word that modifies (describes) a noun or a pronoun EX: The framed picture came crashing off the wall during the earthquake. Ask these questions to see if its an adjective: 1. Which one? 2. What kind? 3. How many?

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Definite Article: names someone or something specific EX: the Indefinite Article: does not name anything specific EX: a, an

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Word that can either express surprise or some other kind of emotion. It can also be used as a filler. EX: Hey, like, well, ouch, oh EX: Ouch! Did you step on my toe?= STRONG EMOTION (!) EX: Like, whats going on?= MILD EMOTION (,) **Use in moderation, in dialogue, not formal writing.**

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PREPOSITION: tells the position of something. A word that links a noun or pronoun to some other word in a sentence. EX: Jack and Jill went up the hill. (Up is the preposition connecting went and hill.) EX: Little Jack Horner sat in a corner. EX: Sing a song of sixpence.

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To tell if a word is a preposition, ask yourself if it fits in this sentence: It went _________ the thing(s). ACADEMIC RULE: Dont end a sentence with a preposition.

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AboutBehindDownOffTo AboveBelowDuringOnToward AcrossBeneathExceptOntoUnder AfterBesideForOutUnderneath AgainstBetweenFromOutsideUntil AlongBeyondInOverUp AmongButInsidePastUpon AroundByIntoSinceWith AtConcerningLikeThroughWithin BeforeDespiteOfThroughoutWithout

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A word that expresses action or being. 1. Action verbs are most common. EX: Marilyn jumped for joy when Frank called her. EX: The frog sits on top of the lily pad in the lake.

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Transitive Verb: a verb that takes an object (can answer: Whom? or What?) EX: I carried the injured boy to the waiting ambulance. (I carried whom?) EX: The mailman gave the package to Mrs. Smith. (The mailman gave what?) Write a sentence with a transitive verb.

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Intransitive Verb: a verb that does not have an object (preposition follows verb) EX: Exhausted after a hard days work, I sank into the sofa with great delight. EX: Mary looked after the children. Write a sentence with an intransitive verb.

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2. Being Verb: expresses being AKA linking verbs EX: AM, IS, ARE, WAS, WERE, BE, BEING, BEEN EX: I be sitting on the dock of the bay. Change to: ________________. EX: Yesterday she be listening to music. Change to: ________________.

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3. Helping Verb: (auxiliary verb) can join the main verb to express the voice, mood, and tense of the verb. EX: Frankie ______ go to the movies tonight. CanMustWould CouldShallBe MayShouldDo MightWill

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1. A word that modifies (describes) a verb, adjective, or other adverb. ADVERB(AD= Adverb & Adjective; VERB) EX: Yesterday, the quite relieved soldier very quickly ran out of the woods when he saw his comrade frantically waving at him.

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Ask these questions to determine if it is an adverb: How? When? Where? Why? Under what circumstances? How much? How often? To what extent?

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2. Conjunctive Adverbs: AKA transition words AccordinglyHoweverHenceTherefore AlsoIncidentallyMoreoverThus BesidesIndeedNeverthelessStill ConsequentlyInsteadNextMeanwhile FinallyLikewiseOtherwiseFurthermore

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1. Coordinating Conjunction: combines phrases and clauses For And Nor But Or Yet So

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2. Correlative Conjunction: CANNOT STAND ALONE! They must have a relative near by! Both/and Either/or Neither/nor Not only/but also Not only/also

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3. Subordinating Conjunction: These are used at the beginning of DEPENDENT clauses (words that have a subject & verb but cannot stand alone). EX: after, although, as long as, because, since, that, than, while, whether, etc