071010 cyber exclusion zoran kostov ppt
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Transcript of 071010 cyber exclusion zoran kostov ppt
CYBER EXCLUSION ASCYBER EXCLUSION ASSOCIAL EXCLUSION:SOCIAL EXCLUSION:South-East EuropeanSouth-East EuropeanExperienceExperience
Zoran KostovZoran KostovSt. Cyril and Methodius UniversitySt. Cyril and Methodius UniversitySkopje, Republic of MacedoniaSkopje, Republic of Macedonia
Methodological challengesMethodological challenges
Non-standardised definitions for theNon-standardised definitions for thekey indicatorskey indicators
Limited, outdated, non-standardisedLimited, outdated, non-standardiseddatadata
Various types of sourcesVarious types of sources(private/commercial, governmental,(private/commercial, governmental,international/inter-governmental,international/inter-governmental,NGOs etc.)NGOs etc.)
The information inequalityThe information inequality
Information gapInformation gap Knowledge gapKnowledge gap Digital divideDigital divide Cyber exclusionCyber exclusion
Systematic colonization of socialSystematic colonization of socialknowledge by the rich nationsknowledge by the rich nations
Cyber exclusionCyber exclusion
Cyber space as social spaceCyber space as social space
Cyber exclusion as social exclusion:Cyber exclusion as social exclusion:digital divide beyond the technicaldigital divide beyond the technicalinterpretationsinterpretations
The lack of access to ICT reproducesThe lack of access to ICT reproducesother kinds of inequalities in theother kinds of inequalities in thesociety at largesociety at large
SEE-WB cyber exclusionSEE-WB cyber exclusionindicatorsindicators
External exclusionExternal exclusion- Internet users- Internet users- Internet hosts- Internet hosts
In-country exclusionIn-country exclusion- Age- Age- Gender- Gender- Residence- Residence
Internet users per 100Internet users per 100inhabitantsinhabitants
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Albania
Bosnia &Herzegovina
Croatia
Macedonia
Serbia &Montenegro
Europe
Internet hosts per 10.000Internet hosts per 10.000inhabitantsinhabitants
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Albania
Bosnia &Herzegovina
Croatia
Macedonia
Serbia &Montenegro
Europe
Age distribution ofAge distribution ofInternet usersInternet users
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Croatia Macedonia Serbia &
Montenegro
EU25
Over 45
36 - 45
Below 36
Gender distribution ofGender distribution ofInternet usersInternet users
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Bosnia &
Herzegovina
Croatia Macedonia Serbia &
Montenegro
EU25
Female
Male
Residence distribution ofResidence distribution ofInternet usersInternet users
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Albania Bosnia &
Herzegovina
Croatia
Rural
Urban
Widening the debateWidening the debate
Income as an anchor determinantIncome as an anchor determinant InfrastructureInfrastructure LiteracyLiteracy
Beyond access: basic human right, notBeyond access: basic human right, nota goal for itselfa goal for itself
Income as an anchorIncome as an anchordeterminant (1)determinant (1)
0 2 4 6
Eur.
S&M
Mac.
Cro.
B&H
Alb.
Internet users peraggregate of100.000 USD of GNIper capita
Internet hosts per 1million USD ofGDP
Income as an anchorIncome as an anchordeterminant (2)determinant (2)
0 1 2 3 4
Eur.
S&M
Mac.
Cro.
B&H
Alb.
Internet users per 1
computer
Infrastructure (1)Infrastructure (1)
0 50 100 150
Eur.
S&M
Mac.
Cro.
B&H
Alb.
Telephonesubscribers aspercentage ofpopulation
Infrastructure (2)Infrastructure (2)
0 10 20 30 40
Eur.
S&M
Mac.
Cro.
B&H
Alb.
Internet users aspersentage oftelephonesubscribers
LiteracyLiteracy
Computer (technological)Computer (technological) InformationInformation Contextual (adaptive)Contextual (adaptive) Media creativityMedia creativity Social competenceSocial competence
English languageEnglish language
Digital divideDigital divide’’s new frontiers new frontier
Beyond accessBeyond access- Processing speed- Processing speed- Quality of connection- Quality of connection- Supporting services- Supporting services
Usage gapUsage gap- Usage patterns- Usage patterns- Accessible content- Accessible content
Reaching social inclusionReaching social inclusion
Effective use of information resourcesEffective use of information resourcesas a precondition for overcoming theas a precondition for overcoming thecumulative marginalisation fromcumulative marginalisation fromproduction, consumption, socialproduction, consumption, socialnetworking and decision-making.networking and decision-making.