UNIVERSITY STUDIO PRESSE E B

O 2011

Abstract

In this paper, the scenes on two red-figure Attic hy-

driae of the middle of the 5th c. B.C., now in Berlin (Fig.

1-4) and Munich (Fig. 6-9), are re-examined. They are at-

tributed to the Nausicaa Painter (Polygnotos) and the

Painter of the Louvre Centauromachy, respectively. With-

out a doubt, the scenes on these vases represent the ar-

rival in the Argolid of the Danaids and their father; at the

same time, however, they must allude to the foundation of

the worship of Thesmophorian Demeter by the Da -

naids, about which Herodotus (II.171) informs us.

I propose, in this paper, possible sources that could

have inspired or influenced these two vase-painters in the

creation of their compositions. More precisely, the vase-

painters are likely to have been influenced by the Ae schy -

lean trilogy Danaids, possibly staged in 463 B.C. All

the same, the creation of both the vase-paintings and the

Aeschylean trilogy must owe something to the general po-

litical climate of Athens at the time, as well as to certain

contemporary political, social and historical events.

, ntiken -sam mlungen . . 30928, 460-450 .., - (. 1-4). Beazley o (later) , - 1. . hr2

- . - . - / , , (. 2, 3). - , - 3. - , -, , (. 2). , - , . - , - . - , - . , - , . - , , .

. , . . -. , Antikensammlung . . 30928, - . Schwarzmaier U. Kstner. , useum antiker Kleinkunst . . 2429, .

1. ARV 1109, 38 Para 452. Beazley ddenda2 330 (1109, 38). 2. CVA Berlin 9, 34-36 . 14, 2-6, 15, 57,3, eilage 4,4 (. hr). . St. Schmidt, Rhetorische Bilder auf

attischen Vasen (Berlin 2005) 266 .. 3. , . .. L. Godart St. De Caro

(.), . ostoi. N (. . . - . , 2008) 97. Bhr, .. (. 2) 35, - . . , , - , . . 440 (. .. K. Schefold F. Jung, Die Sagen von den Argonauten,von Theben und Troia in der klassischen und hellenistischen Kunst [Mnchen 1989] 343 . 306). Schmidt, .. (. 2)267, .

(. 2, 4) - . - - , , , - , , .

- , ,

-

4.

,

,

,

-

5. -

-

6.

.

,

7 -

8.

,

,

9.

-

.

, -

,

. -

.

,

, ,

, -

4. Beazley (ARV2 1109, 38) . . . . 294 . 20. - , -.

5. , . Chr. Auffarth, Constructing the Identity of the Polis: The Danaides as Ancestors, : R. Hgg(.), ncient Greek Hero Cult (Stockholm 1999) 42 .. . (2,38, 4) , - . ( 32, 5) .

6. (. 3). O. Hckmann (. Bhr, .. [. 2] 36), . , , , - (). . RE IV (1901) 2095 . Danaos (O. Waser). - .

7. A. Kossatz-Deissmann, Dramen des Aischylos auf westgriechischen Vasen (Mainz 1978) 53. 8. K. Schauenburg, u einer Hydria des Nausikaa-Malers in Richmond, Kunst in Hessen und am Mittelrhein 3, 1963, 10.

, . ThesCRA V (2005) 147 .. . Kultinstrumente 2.b (T. Hlscher I. Krauskopf ..). 9. Schauenburg, .. (. 8) 10-11. LIMC III (1986) 342 . Danaos . 2 (E. Keuls)

objects. , -, , -. . RE V (1901) 2096-2097 . Danaos (O. Wasser).

290

. 1. . , Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, An-tikensammlung (.: J. Laurentius)

, o o -

, 6 .

..

-

10.

,

-

.

.

-

11.

,

(. 4).

-

,

,

-

.

, -

-

-

10. D. Pandermalis, Zum Programm der Statuenausstattung in der Villa dei Papiri, AM 86, 1971, 181 .. , , . E. Patten, Alcune considerazioni a proposito delle Danaidi e delle c.d. danzatrici di Ercolano : I. Colpo .. (.),conografia 2001, Studi sull immagine, Antenor-Quaderni 1 (Roma 2002) 309-316. , . C. K. Quenemoen, The Portico of the Danaids:A New Reconstruction, AJA 110, 2006, 230 229 . 3 .

11. . . , . . Th. Mannack, The Late Mannerists in Athenian Vase-Painting (Oxford 2001) 88. , . Bhr, .. (. 2) 36.

291

. 2. . 1, (.: J. Laurentius)

. ( 171), - , : , , , . - ( ) - - - , - . , - , , ,

- . - - . , , - , - , - . .. - - Stanford (. 5)12 - ,

12. I. K. and . E. Raubitschek, The ission of Triptolemos, : Studies in Athenian Architecture, Sculpture andTopography. Presented to Homer A.Thompson, Hesperia Suppl. 20 (Princeton 1982) 115 .. . 15b. . K.Clinton, Myth and Cult. The Iconography of the Eleusinian Mysteries (Stockholm 1992) 14 .., 26, 124, 166-167 .11-14. , Palazzo Torlonia,

292

. 3. . 1, (.: J. Laurentius)

, -13. - (. 4) -

. 14 , , , , , -

, . -. . LIMC IV 2 (1988) .. 339 . Helene . 270 ( . 10). , - 5 . .., . LIMC II (1984) 141 . 1476 . Aphrodite (A. Delivorrias ..). LIMCIV (1988) 543 . 270 . Helene (L. Kahil N. Icard). LIMC VII (1994) 245 . 21 . Peitho (N. Icard Gianolio).B. . 32.

13. . , . ( 1994) 73 .., 78 .. . 28 .10-11.

14. .. (. LIMC IV 2 [1988] 595 . 423 . Demeter [L. Beschi]), , (. ,.. [. 13] 76 . 28-29 . 10-12) (.G. Neumann, Gesten und Gebrden in der griechischen Kunst [Berlin 1965] 139 .. . 71). -, , .. , . - , , . , , . ,. LIMC V (1990) 588-589 . 2 . Hypermestra (G. Boer-Berger). , - . , ,

293

. 4. . 1, (.: J. Laurentius)

15. , - .

- . - , - 16. - - - -

. , , , , , 17. - 18 -. .. , , - - , ( -), 19.

, , . , Museum antikerKleinkunst . . 2429 (J. 338), 450-445 .. Beazley (. 6-9)20. , -, (.7). - , - . - (. 8) , . . - .

(. 2). . LIMC, . 589 . 4.

15. . Neumann, .. (. 14) 116 .., 123 .., 125 .., 128 .., 130 .., 136 .. 16. , M. Schmidt, Some Remarks

on the Subjects of South Italian Vases, : M. E. Mayo K. Hamma (. ), The Art of South Italy: Vases from MagnaGraecia, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts (Richmond 1982) 30. . LIMC V (1990) 589-590 . 7 . Hypermestra(G. Berger-Doer).

17. - . , . G. Despinis, Die Kultstatuender Artemis in Brauron, AM 119, 2004, 266 .., 301-302 . , . ThesCRA V (2005) 296 .. . Dedications 2.d. (B. Forsn).

18. , . .. W. H. D. Rouse, Greek Votive Offerings (Cambridge1902, 1976) 275 .. - . . .. L. Gounaropoulou F. Dakoronia, Artemiskult auf einem neuen Weihrelief aus Achinos bei Lamia,AM 107, 1992, 222 .. . 57,1 60,2.

19. . .. Rouse, .. (. 18) 281-282 L. Deubner, Attische Feste (erlin 1932) 76-77. 20. ARV 1094, 102. Beazley ddenda2 328 (1094, 102). CVA Mnchen 5, 25 . 229, 4-5 230, 2-4 (R. Lullies).

B. M. Miller, Athens and Persia in the Fifth Century BC. A Study in Cultural Receptivity (Cambridge 1997)201 . 130. Schmidt, .. (. 2) 266 .. . 131. . S. Barresi, Xenikon astikon:Atene e la discendenza africana di Io, : F. Giudice R. Panvini (.), Il Greco, il barbaro e la ceramica attica 4(Roma 2007) 78 .. , . Schmidt, .. (. 2).

294

. 5. , -. Stanford (Ca.) University useum of Art(Clinton [ . 12] 166 . 11)

,

,

. ,

,

-

21. -

,

-

22,

.

5 . ..23

-

24. -

-

-

25.

, , (. 8),

21. , , . . . 27.

22. .. , Kunsthistorisches Museum . . 3748. - , , . . D. C. Kurtz, Athenian White Lekythoi (Oxford 1975) 219 . 44,2. , . -, . 6, 257 b. . .. . , (.. ), - , .

23. Miller, .. (. 20) 198 .. . . Schauenburg, Die Cameliden im Altertum, BJb 155-156, 1955-1956, 68-69 . 63. Barresi, .. (. 20) 81. . CVA Bonn 1, 34-35 . 30,5 (. Greifenhagen). - : . . , . 6, 257 b.

24. Miller, .. (. 20).25. . K. Schefold F. Jung, Die Urknige, Perseus, Bellerophon, Herakles und Theseus in der klassischen

und hellenistischen Kunst (Mnchen 1988) 27. Schmidt, .. (. 2) 267 Barresi, .. (. 20) 81. - , . S. Matheson, Polygnotos and Vase Painting inClassical Athens (Wisconsin 1995) 117 . 99 A. N. Alfieri, Spina. Museo archeologico (Bologna 1979) 109 .276. L. Kahil, Un nouveau vase plastique du potier Sotads au Muse du Louvre, RA 1972, 279 . 17. . -, ( 2002) 213 . L 13.388 . 7 (, ). Schauenburg, .. (. 23) 68-69 . 63, , , Salerno, . - 5 . .. . . .. N. Weill, Adniazousai ou les femmes sur le toit, BCH 90, 1966,666 . 2-3. G. Richter L. Hall, Red-figured Athenian Vases in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (London 1936). 149 . 147. CVA British Museum 6, . 95, 1a-b (Gr. Brit. . 370). - (. .. Weill, . 665 . 1), (. .. Matheson, . 130 . 115 N. Alfieri P. E. Arias M. Hirmer, Spina [Mnchen 1958] 62 . 110, ). . . 228, , . . CVA British Museum 6, . 93, 3a 94 (Gr.Brit. . 368-359). , .

295

. 6. . , Museum AntikerKleinkunst (.: , Museum An tiker Kleinkunst)

.

,

(. 7-8).

, -

,

, -

. -

o (. 8)26. -

-

-

27.

28. -

-

-

.

-

29 ,

30.

-

,

,

.

(.

9). -

, -

. , -

-

-

,

410 .. (. . , [ 1974] 182 . 47) . . LIMC1 (1981) 745 . 44 . Amymone (E. Simon). Weill, . 668, , ( 1113), (, 1426-1430). . F. Chapouthier,A propos dun ventail, ou de lexotisme dans Euripide, REA 46, 1944, 209-216. H - 4 . .. - , , . Miller, .. (.20) 198 .., 199 ..

26. . F. Studniczka, Zu den Friesplatten vom ionischen Tempel am Ilissos, JdI 31, 1916, 177 .. O Schefold Jung, .. (. 25) 27, gefllten Schlauch. , . Studniczka, . 178, - . . . 32.

27. , , . ( [. 2, 4]). -, , - . , , . . .. A.Lesky, (. . , 1990) 180-181. (. 8).

28. (. . 4) Beazley . - - (ARV 1094, 102).

29. , . - , . . LIMC VII (1994) 250 . 1 . Pelasgos (C. Lochin). - (. . 295) -. LIMC III (1986) 342 . 1 . Danaos (E. Keuls) (a king and a womanapproach a king).

30. , . . Lesky, Die und die Bhne Menanders,Hermes 72, 1937, 126 .. . Lesky, .. (. 27) 171, 181.

296

297

. 7-9. . 6, (.: , Museum An tiker Kleinkunst)

. -

31.

-

,

32.

, ,

.

-

,

33, -

, -

.

(V 26,7 33,5),

, , -

,

.

34.

.

,

, -

, -

31. . .. . -, . , , 1937, 227 . 1, 236 .. . 10 (ARV 1052, 23). . LIMC II 2 (1984) 206 . 273, 266 . 952 954 . pollon. . LIMC II 2 (1984) 561 . 1398 .Artemis 708 . 47 . Athena.

32. . hesCRA V (2005) Kultinstrumente 2.b, 262 .. ( ), 274 .. (I. Krauskopf). - LIMC III (1986) 342 . 1 . Danaos (E. Keuls) (gifts). , . - , Staatliche Antikensammlungen . . 3185. , , o , - , , , , sacra . . LIMC I (1981) 388 . 94 . Aineias (F. Canciani).LIMC VI (1992) 130 . 38 . Kreousa III (Gr. Berger-Doer). - , Palazzo Torlonia, . 12 (. 10), - , - . , - , , - . - ( , Palazzo Torlonia), . . ; , . . LIMC VII (1997) 402 . 12 . Ilioupersis. , ,, . , 430-420 .. . . , ( 2001) 255 . 341. - 5 . .. . . 807, , , . Studniczka, .. (.27) 178, (. Schmidt, .. [. 2] 267) - , . . . 26. - ( ) . . .. CVA Matera, MuseoNazionale I, . 36, 1. Chr. Aellen A. Cambitoglou J. Chamay, Le peintre de Darius et son milieu (Genve 1986)21, 23 151, 141, 195.

33. , . ThesCRA V (2005) Kultinstrumente 2.b 165 .. ( -), 170 .. (I. Krauskopf). , . . Diehl, DieHydria (Mainz 1964) 187 ..

34. . , . - ( 1979) 41 . 3, 83 .1, 146 . 1.

298

( )35. , , - . - ( ), 36. ,

(. 6, 8), -, 37.

- . - -

35. . R. Merkelbach W. L. West (.), Fragmenta Hesiodea (Oxford 1999) 62 Frag. 128. . -, .. (. 25) 26 .., 29. , . . . Sakellariou, LesProto-Grecs (Athens 1980) 173 ..

36. Xo, .. (. 25). H -. . .. K. Schefold, Die Gttersage in der klassischen und hellenistischen Kunst (Mnchen 1981) 252 .. , . F. Brommer, Amymone, AM 63-64, 1938-1939, 171 .. . F. Brommer, Satyrspiele(Berlin 1959) 24 .., 75 . 44-54 LIMC (1981) 742 .., 750 .. . Amymone (E. Simon).

37. , , . J. Boardman,Symbol and Story in Geometric Art, : W. Moon (.), Ancient Greek Art and Iconography (Madison 1983) - 20-24, , , , . - .

299

. 10. . , Palazzo Torlonia. (.: LIMC IV 2, 339 . 270 . Helene)

,

, ,

( ) . -

-

4 . ..38,

39.

, -

,

, -

, -

40.

-

-

.

-

. -

-

,

.

,

-

,

.

, ,

41.

42. -

-

,

38. Kossatz-Deissmann, .. (. 7) 50 .. 39. . Keuls, The Water Carriers in Hades: A Study of Catharsis through Toil in Classical Antiquity (Amsterdam

1974) 61 .., 72 .., ( ) , , , - (. J. E. Harrison, Prolegomena to the Study of Greek Religion[New York 1962, , London 1980], 620 .., 622 .. I. Trencsnyi-Waldapfel, Les Suppliantes dEschyle,ActaAntHung 12, 1964, 267 ..). Kossatz-Deissmann, .. (. 7) 52, - . ( . . F. Garvie, AeschylusSupplices: Play and rilogy [Bristol 2006] 234 ..). , . . Lesky, .. (. 27) 178. -, .. (. 25) 180-181 . 41. - , . . D. S. Robertson, The End of the Supplices Trilogyof Aeschylus, CR 38, 1924, 52. . ossatz-Deissmann, .. (. 7) 52. - , . . 302 . 53. , . K. Schauenburg, Unterweltbilder aus Grossgriechenland, RM 91, 1984, 375-380 - . Patten, Tra allegoria e metafora. Note a margine di due miti complementari: le Danaidi e Ocno,: I. Colpo .. (.), conografia 2005. Immagini e immaginari dall antichit classica al mondo moderno, Antenor-Quaderni 5 (Roma 2006) 155-167.

40. 10, 31, 9 11. , - , 4 . .. - , , , . , 6. .. . Keuls, .. (. 39) 25 .. 34 ..

41. , . Schefold Jung, .. (. 25) 27.42. , -

(. Mannack, .. [. 11] 88), , (. . 11) . . A. Shapiro, Theseus and Ariadne on Crete: The Dinos Painters Krater from Gela, : R. Panvini F.Giudice (.), TA ATTIKA: Veder greco a Gela. Ceramiche attiche figurate dall antica colonia (Roma 2004) 234 .. J. Oakley, The Departure of the Argonauts on the Dinos Painters Bell Krater in Gela, Hesperia 76, 2007, 355, 356. , , , - , . , -

300

43,

463 ..44.

-

-

45,

, -

-

46.

-

, . , -

, ,

.

-

47. -

,

-

, -

48.

.

,

,

. -

-

-

-

49. -

-

.

-

-

.

, -

-

50.

-

,

. - , . M. Padgett,Phineus and the Boreads on a Pelike by the Nausica Painter, Journal of the Museum of Fine Arts Boston 3, 1991, 26. .

43. , . , .. (. 25) 74, 25 .. 44. . Barresi, .. (. 20) 78 .. 467-458 ..

463 .. . . Lesky, Die Datierung der Hiketiden und der Tragiker Mesatos, Hermes 82, 1954, 1.. . , .. (. 25) 179 . 25 Kossatz-Deissmann, .. (. 7) 45 . 256.

45. , , arlay (ARV 1277, 24). - , , . , , , - . . LIMC III (1986) 338 .. . Danaides(. Keuls). Kossatz-Deissmann, .. (. 7) 50 .., 55 .. . Schauenburg, .. (. 39). - , . J. Reilly, Many Brides: Mistress and Maid on thenian Lekythoi,Hesperia 58, 1989, 430 . 114 R. Seaford, The Tragic Wedding, JHS 107, 1987, 110-119. , , . RE IV (1901) 2087 . Danaides (O. Waser). euls 1974, .. (.39) 61 .. Kossatz-Deissmann, .. (. 7) 45 .. . 259.

46. , . . 296 . 30.

47. St. Radt (.), Tragicorum Graecorum Fragmenta 3, Gttingen 1985, 125 Fr.5 (), 157 .. Fr. 43-46 ().

48. , . Garvie, .. (. 39) 163 .. . H. J. Mette,Der verlorene Aischylos (Berlin 1963) 49 ..

49. . .. Robertson, .. (. 39) 53. . , .. (. 25) 29 181 . 45 - Kossatz-Deissmann, .. (. 7) 52 .. . 292-293. , . Garvie, .. (. 39) 227 .. - ssatz-Deissmann, . 53 .., . . . Kossatz-Deissmann, . 52 . 291. - . Keuls, .. (. 39) 71 . 27.

50. . M. Tiverios, Artemis, Dionysos und eleusinische Gottheiten, AM 119, 2004, 147 ..

301

, 51. - , -- 52. , - 462 .. - , -53. , , 471 .. , 469.., - 54. - -55. - , , 458 ..56.

-. 460 .. , - , . , - , 454 .. 57 , . , - , 58, - . . - -, , 59, , 60.

51. , (. 1-4), , , , , - . . F. Jacoby, FGHist B, 239.9.

52. F. Stoessl, Aeschylus as a Political Thinker, AJPh 73, 1952, 121 .. 125 .. . J. A. Davison,Aeschylus and Athenian Politics, 472-456 .C., : E. Badian (.), Ancient Society and Institutions. Studies Presentedto Victor Ehrenberg on his 75th birthday (Oxford 1966) 94 .. F. Schachermeyer, Die frhe Klassik der Griechen(Stuttgart 1966) 145, 148.

53. V. Ehrenberg, Origins of Democracy, Historia 1, 1950, 517 .. A. Diamantopoulos, The Danaid Tetralogy ofAeschylus, JHS 77, 1957, 220 .., 223, 224 .., 226 .. . G. Salanitro, LOrestea e la politica estera diAtene, Siculorum Gymnasium n.s. 19 (1966) 158, 20. P. Burian, Pelasgus and Politics in Aeschylus Danaid Trilogy, WSt87 (N.F. 8), 1974, 5 .. . Lesky, .. (. 27) 181 .. . - .

54. . .. E. Cavignac, Eschyle et Thmistocle, RPh n.s. 45, 1921, 102 .. W. G. Forrest, Themistokles and Argos,ClQ, n.s. 10, 1960, 221 .. A. Podlecki, The Political Background of Aeschylean Tragedy (Ann Arbor 1966) 52 ..Trencsnyi-Waldapfel, .. (. 39) 270 .. . Lesky, .. (. 27) 182 . 1 .

55. . .. M. T, ( 1985) 31 ..56. Lesky, .. (. 27) 223-224. 57. . P. Salmon, La politique gyptienne d Athnes (VIe et Ve sicles avant J.-C.) (Bruxelles 1965).58. Trencsnyi-Waldapfel, .. (. 39) 273 .. . Lesky, .. (. 54).59. Diamantopoulos, .. (. 53) 222 .. . , .. (. 25) 180-181 . 41.60. , 494 .., o A. . -

. 59.

302