Ломоносовская школа

Г.И. Марасанова, Т.А. Пономарёва, М.Г. Шершнева, М.С. Турицына

ЛЕКСИКА

СБОРНИК ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНЫХ УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

К УЧЕБНОМУ ПОСОБИЮ ДЛЯ ПОДГОТОВКИ К ЕГЭ ПО АНГЛИЙСКОИУ ЯЗЫКУ: ГРАММАТИКА И ЛЕКСИКА (MACMILLAN)

МОСКВА 2010

UNIT 2 • Travel and transport TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 12) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A)

1 voyage

A. The activity of traveling

2 journey

B. The planet that we live on

3 trip C. The things that you can see from a particular place

4 travel (n) D. An area of land that is controlled by a particular country, leader or army

5 excursion E. A long journey, especially on a ship 6 view F. An amount of time 7 sight G. The money that you pay for a journey 8 world H. An occasion when you travel from one place to

another over a long distance 9 earth I. A piece of paper that shows that you have paid

to do sth. such as travel on a train, bus, plane etc.

10 area J. An amount of money that you pay to be allowed to do sth. such as join an organization

11 territory K. An occasion when you go somewhere and come back again

12 season L. A person or a thing that you see that has a particular feature

13 period M. One of the four periods into which the year is divided

14 fare

N. A short journey that you make for pleasure

15 ticket

O. The land on which we live

16 fee P. A part of a place or building 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

B)

1 Miss A. To take someone or sth. with you from one place to another

2 Lose B. To live or remain in a place for a while as a guest or a visitor

3 Take

C. To show someone where to go by going with them

4 Bring D. To take sb. to a place by going with them , usually in front of them

5 Go E. To reach a place 6 Book (V) F. To no longer have something 7 Keep

G. To move or carry someone or sth. from one place to

another 8 Arrive

H. To be too late for something such as train or bus

9 Reach

I. To continue to have or own sth.

10 Live

J. To arrive somewhere

11 Stay K. To move or travel to a place that is away from where you are now

12 Border

L. The part of something that is furthest from the centre

13 Edge M. A measurement of how long sth. is in size 14 Line

N. Living in a particular country or area since birth

length 15 Length O. The official line that separates two countries 16 Distance P. The city or town where you lived as a child 17 Guide Q. To arrange to have or use sth. in future 18 Lead

R. To have your home at a particular place

19 Native S. The amount of space between two people or things 20 Home T. A long thin mark on the surface of something

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Task 2. Translate the following words into Russian.

1. Voyage 2. Journey 3. Trip 4. Travel (N) 5. Excursion 6. View 7. Sight 8. World 9. Earth 10. Area 11. Territory 12. Season 13. Period 14. Fare 15. Ticket 16. Fee 17. Miss 18. Lose 19. Take 20. Bring 21. Go 22. Book (V) 23. Keep 24. Arrive 25. Reach 26. Live 27. Stay 28. Border 29. Edge 30. Line 31. Length 32. Distance 33. Guide (V) 34. Lead 35. Native 36. Home (Town)

Task 3. Guess the words from their definitions.

1 To continue to have or own sth. 2 To arrive somewhere 3 A long journey on a ship 4 A short journey that you make for pleasure 5 The official line that separates two countries 6 The amount of space between two people and

things 7 The things that you can see from a particular

place 8 An occasion when you travel from one place to

another for a long time 9 An area of land that is controlled by a country,

leader or army

10 An occasion when you go somewhere and come back again

11 An amount of time 12 To take sb. to a place by going in front of them 13 A piece of paper showing that you have paid to

do sth. Such as travel on a train, bus, etc. 14 The activity of traveling 15 To move to a place that is away from where you

are now 16 To live or remain in a place for a while 17 The planet that we live on 18 To arrange to use sth. at a particular time in

future 19 A person or a thing that you see that has a

particular feature 20 One of four periods into which the year is

divided 21 To be too late for sth. 22 The land on which you live 23 The part of something that is furthest from the

centre 24 To show someone where to go by going with

them 25 A part of a place or building 26 An amount of money paid for a particular work

or service 27 To move or carry sb. or sth. from one place to

another 28 Living in a particular country or area since birth

29 To no longer have sth.

30 The money that you pay for a journey

31 To reach a place

32 A long thin mark on the surface

33 To take sb. or sth with you from one place to another

34 The city or town where you lived as a child

35 A measurement how long sth is in size

36 To have your home in a particular place

Task 4. Complete the sentences using the word from the list. You may need to use one word more than once. edge border guide lead territory length area fare fee voyage journey travel trip distance view sight book 1. The …....................from England to India used to take six months. 2. How much is the train ….............from Toronto to Montreal? 3. Only cheeses made in this …............. may be labelled 'Roquefort.' 4. To cross the........................... , you will need a valid passport. 5. These birds make an incredible 10,000-kilometre …...................... to Africa every winter. 6. Don't put your glass so close to the................... of the table. 7. It's such a nice day - how about going on a boat …......................? 8. From the top you get a panoramic …....................of the city. 9. We went by bus - the cheapest means of …...................... 10 The insurance company paid my entire medical ….................... 11. The high school band ….................... the parade every year. 12. Street dentists are a common ….................... in Pakistan. 13. How is the …................. from the balcony? 14. You need to …...................... well in advance for Christmas. 15. He........................ us through the narrow streets to the central square. 16. Hong Kong became Chinese ….................................. in 1997. 17. Gavin looked a sorry …......... -- his jaw was broken, and he had a black eye. 18. We’re thinking of taking a …...................... to the mountains. 19. A one-week stay in Majorca costs $779 including air …....................... . 20. Edwina’s office was south-facing, with a …...........................of the lake. 21. We measured the …....................... and width of the living room. 22. What is the …............................ from New York to Miami? Task 5. Fill in the gaps. Guess the word by the first letter. 1.The plane was flying over enemy t....................... 2. Park entrance f................... have gone up to $15. 3. Keep away from the e..................... of the cliff - you might fall. 4. Homeless kids are now a familiar s..........................on London's streets. 5. Future generations can possibly look forward to space t.............as a holiday option.

6. In those days, the v...................... to Australia was long and dangerous. 7. The flight was already fully b..................... 8. Air f...................have shot up by 20%. 9. Teenagers need adults to g...................... them. 10. It was a long train j............................. to St Petersburg. 11. A huge nuclear reactor now spoils the v.................... 12. It's only a three-hour t................... by plane to Seattle. 13.Some fish can grow to a l.....................of four feet. 14. Measure the d..........................between the two points. 15.It was already dark by the time they a........................ at their hotel. 16. At that time China was the most powerful country in the w................ . 17. The e......................... began to shake. 18. We r.......................... London late at night. 19. We went on an e........................... to the Pyramids. 20. How long are they going to s..................... at the hotel? Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word. 1. The river lies on the (границе)...................... between the US and Mexico. 2. The health club charges an annual membership (плата)........................ 3. In the 19th century, (путешествие).......................... between the two countries was extremely difficult. 4. Gretel lives in a simple cottage on the (край, опушка)..........................of the forest. 5. The hotel pool is 15 metres in (длина).............................. 6. Dan was delighted to get a room with breathtaking (виды)................ of Los Angeles . 7. To get tickets, you have to (заказать, зарезервировать)................... in advance. 8. A group of 80 planes, (возглавляемая)........................ by Lieutenant Commander Egusha, was on its way to attack. 9. They watched the kite fall back to (земля)................................... 10. The pyramids can be (добраться)................................ by public transport. 11. The Taj Mahal attracts visitors from around the (мир, свет)........................ 12. What time does the plane (прибывает)........................ in New York? 13. My mother is (остаётся)..........................with us this week. 14. During this (период)....................., Tanya was making very little money. 15. Included in the tour is an (экскурсия)........................ to the Grand Canyon.

PHRASAL VERBS (p. 12) Task 7. Match the phrasal verbs with their definition. 1 catch up with A. Let someone get out of a vehicle 2 check in B. Stop in a vehicle to give someone a lift 3 check out C. Start a journey 4 drop off D. Reach the same point or level as 5 get back E. Hit with a car 6 go away F. Leave a hotel; investigate 7 keep up with G. Go in the direction of 8 make for H. Go on holiday 9 pick up I. Register at a hotel or an airport 10 pull in J. Return from a place 11 run over K. Leave the ground 12 see off L. To stay at the same point or level as 13 set out \ off M. Go back in the opposite direction 14 take off N. Go to a station or an airport to see someone leave 15 turn round O. Stop by the side of the road on a car 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Task 8. Translate the following phrasal verbs into Russian. 1 catch up with 2 check in 3 check out 4 drop off 5 get back 6 go away 7 keep up with 8 make for 9 pick up 10 pull in 11 run over 12 see off 13 set out \ off 14 take off 15 turn round

Task 9. Fill in prepositions.

1. After the concert, the crowd made ….............. the nearest door. 2. Drop me …............ at the corner, and I'll walk from there. 3. I love to go …............... to an exotic country for a while. 4. I spent two weeks catching …............ …....... my studies. 5. The shipwrecked sailors were picked …........ by a passing boat. 6. He set …..............for work an hour ago. 7. It's better to check ….......... early to get a good seat on your flight. 8. When did your neighbours get ….............. from their holiday? 9. We'd better pull ….......... for some petrol. 10. Despite the bad weather the plane took …............ . 11. He left all his papers at home and had to turn …................. 12. Slow down, you might run.................. someone. 13. All the parents were at the railway station, seeing their children …...........to a

school trip. Task 10. Fill in a verb in the right form.

1. I'll …............ you up at five o'clock. 2. He is working hard to …........... up with the others after missing a term. 3. When we got to the park, the children …....... for the swings while I sat on a

bench. 4. Go to the reception and ….................. in while I park the car. 5. If you'd like a lift to a party I could …........ you up and then I can easily

…....... you off on my way home afterwards. 6. I'll just …................in at the petrol station and fill up. 7. It was not easy to …............ up with the children as we went through the

town. 8. The rocket is due to …................off tomorrow afternoon. 9. Would you like me to come and …............you off at the station? 10. I went to the hotel hoping to meet Sam but he had already …...............out.

Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb in the right form.

1. Before the plane (leave the ground) ….........................., we fastened our seatbelts.

2. When we (register) …................... at the hotel, we (go to) …...................... the beach.

3. There weren't many people on the flight so Helen (show her ticket and passport) …............................ and got a boarding card very quickly.

4. The plane (begin to fly) …..................... on time. 5. An elderly man (be hit) …..................... by a bus at the corner of High

Street. 6. Could you (let me get out of a car) …............................ opposite that

Chinese restaurant? 7. Mum walks so fast. It's quite hard to ( go at the same speed)

…...................... her. 8. I'll come to the airport to (say you goodbye) …...........................

Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions.

1. Give someone a lift

2. Go in the direction of 3. Go on holiday 4. Register at a hotel or an airport 5. Let someone off a car 6. Hit wit a car 7. Leave a hotel; investigate 8. Go to a station or an airport to say someone goodbye 9. Stop by the side of the road on a car 10. Start a journey 11. Reach the same point or level as 12. Leave the ground 13. Go back in the opposite direction 14. Return from a place 15. Go at the same speed

PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p. 12) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. The discovery was made almost ….............. accident. 2. I should warn you …............advance that I'm not a very good dancer 3. The army advanced …................. the plain. 4. There were four people ahead …..........me at the doctor's. 5. The suspects were last seen heading …...... the direction of Miami. 6. The ship was heading ….........Cuba. 7. Just …........... the top of my head, I'd say there were about 50. 8. I'm away …..........holiday until the 1st of June. 9. We live about halfway down the street …...... the left-hand side. 10. Write your name …........the upper left-hand corner of the test. 11. Keep driving …....... a constant speed until I tell you differently. 12. We’re thinking of going …......a trip to the mountains. 13. Want a lift? It's ….......... my way. 14.'Hello,' he said …....... a friendly way. 15. Our flight arrived ….......... Osaka two hours ahead ….......schedule. Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word.

1. Won't your business suffer if you …................ a holiday ?

2. On seeing me, Maurice ….............. direction and went along the wharf instead

take(2) speed had

3. Ken ….......... an accident at work and had to go to hospital. 4. Many thanks, ….................... , for your help. 5. Sam was head over …............. in love with his new bride. 6. Next Monday is a …..................holiday when most businesses are closed. 7.Our house is on the left-hand ….............. of the street. 8. We weren't sure about which route we should …............... 9. She swam and sunbathed, ….............. sightseeing and relaxed. 10.We saw all the important …..........on our first day in Chicago. 11.The van gave a sudden burst of …................. 12.Kim worked as a tour …............... in Cambridge last summer. 13.People of all types take this …............... around the city. 14.He was on a business ….............. to California.

heels went changed side guide sights trip tour in advance bank

WORD PATTERNS (p. 12) Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1. He was afraid …....... being caught by the police. 2. Beth arranged a meeting …............ the marketing director.

3. Dave arranged …............ his friend to drive him home. 4. He was permitted to continue …......... his work while in prison.

5. People differ …........ one another in their ability to handle stress. 6. She dreamed …..... becoming a chef. 7. I wasn't keen …...... going there on my own. 8. He practically lives …....fish and chips!

9. I've written ….... my MP, and …......the city council. Task 16. Match to make sentences.

1 I have always regretted A. to be signs of a break-in 2 I wrote her several letters

, B. to go back in that ghost house.

3 Police say there appear

C. to work after she had her baby.

4 Zoe was afraid D. he was keen to help. 5 I regret

E. giving up my piano lessons.

6 Sheila continued F. to say that a number of statements made by the department were incorrect.

7 He's got the sort of money G. to say that a number of statements made by the department were incorrect.

8 He told Hayling that H. but she didn't reply. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 WORD FORMATION (p. 12) Task 17. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word. Noun Verb Adjective Adverb 1)

2) rearrange

arrive broad culture 1)

2) (un) cultured

differ (in) (in) differently 1) direction 2)

1) 2) indirect

(in) directly

distantly enter inhabitant 1) photograph 2) 3)

photographic

recognise 1) 2) timetable

1) tour 2) 3)

world

Task 18. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold. 1 The boat measured fifteen feet in length and four feet in

…...................... broad

2 The family are making …........................ for his funeral. arrange

3 Things could have turned out quite …........................... different

4 Chris is studying …......................... at night school. photograph

5 Copenhagen has about 1.4 million …........................... inhabit

6 Travel............................ the mind broad

7 We are …............................ related distant

8 He has achieved ….......................and respect as a scientist. recognise

9 The country depends on …............. for much of its income. tour

10 Joe's sudden …....................... spoiled all our plans. arrive

Unit 4 • Hobbies, sport and games TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 24) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A) 1 pitch A A raised platform, marked off by ropes, in which

contestants box or wrestle 2 track B A dramatic composition written for performance by

actors on a stage, on television, etc.; drama 3 court C A person who watches television 4 course D To make as points in a game 5 ring E A form of entertainment with rules 6 rink F Space marked out for certain games (such as tennis,

basketball) 7 win G An official who rules on the playing of a game, as in

cricket or baseball 8 beat

(beat, beaten)

H A person who watches a public activity

9 score I A flat area of ground that is used to play sports on (e.g. football, cricket)

10 play J A ground for golf 11 game K A judge in any of various sports, especially football and

boxing, responsible for ensuring fair play according to the rules

12 spectator L An area for skating on 13 viewer M A path prepared for racing or running 14 umpire N To overcome (an opponent) in a contest, battle, etc 15 referee O To achieve first place in a competition 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

B) 1 final A Any of various types of club with a handle, used to hit

the ball in certain sports, such as cricket, baseball, or table tennis

2 finale B A thin, straight piece of wood or metal (may be used for fishing)

3 end C A bat consisting of an open network of nylon or other strings stretched in an oval frame with a handle, used to strike the ball in tennis, badminton, etc

4 ending D A long thin piece of wood used for hitting or carrying something in a sport

5 bat E Not professional or expert

6 stick F Occurring at the end; concluding; ultimate; last 7 rod G To finish a game or a match with the same score 8 racket H The time at which something stops 9 amateur I Track and field events (running, jumping, throwing) 10 professional J A short period between parts of a play, concert, film,

etc 11 sport K The concluding part of any performance or

presentation 12 athletics L Having identical privileges, rights, status, etc 13 interval M The last part of something, as a book, film, etc 14 half-time N Someone who takes part in a competition 15 draw O Doing or practicing something as a full-time

occupation for payment or to make a living 16 equal P A person who opposes another in a contest, battle, etc 17 competitor Q An individual or group activity for exercise or pleasure,

often involving the testing of physical capabilities and taking the form of a competitive game such as football, tennis, etc

18 opponent R A rest period between the two halves of a game

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Task 2. Translate the following words into Russian.

1 pitch 2 track 3 court 4 course 5 ring 6 rink 7 win 8 beat 9 score 10 play 11 game 12 spectator 13 viewer 14 umpire 15 referee 16 final 17 finale 18 end 19 ending 20 bat 21 stick 22 rod

23 racket 24 amateur 25 professional 26 sport 27 athletics 28 interval 29 half-time 30 draw 31 equal 32 competitor 33 opponent

Task 3. Guess the words from their definitions. 1 A person who watches a public activity 2 A judge in any of various sports, especially football and

boxing, responsible for ensuring fair play according to the rules

3 A dramatic composition written for performance by actors on a stage, on television, etc.; drama

4 Space marked out for certain games (such as tennis, basketball)

5 A flat area of ground that is used to play sports on (e.g. football, cricket)

6 A ground for golf 7 Any of various types of club with a handle, used to hit the

ball in certain sports, such as cricket, baseball, or table tennis

8 To make as points in a game 9 A thin, straight piece of wood or metal (may be used for

fishing) 10 To finish a game or a match with the same score 11 A raised platform, marked off by ropes, in which

contestants box or wrestle 12 A bat consisting of an open network of nylon or other

strings stretched in an oval frame with a handle, used to strike the ball in tennis, badminton, etc

13 A long thin piece of wood used for hitting or carrying something in a sport

14 A form of entertainment with rules 15 An area for skating on 16 Track and field events (running, jumping, throwing) 17 The concluding part of any performance or presentation 18 A person who watches television 19 A path prepared for racing or running 20 To overcome (an opponent) in a contest, battle, etc 21 To achieve first place in a competition

22 An official who rules on the playing of a game, as in cricket or baseball

23 Doing or practicing something as a full-time occupation for payment or to make a living

24 A short period between parts of a play, concert, film, etc 25 An individual or group activity for exercise or pleasure,

often involving the testing of physical capabilities and taking the form of a competitive game such as football, tennis, etc

26 The time at which something stops 27 A person who opposes another in a contest, battle, etc 28 Having identical privileges, rights, status, etc 29 The last part of something, as a book, film, etc 30 A rest period between the two halves of a game 31 Someone who takes part in a competition 32 Not professional or expert 33 Occurring at the end; concluding; ultimate; last Task 4. Complete the sentences using the word from the list. course court rink pitch racket draw equal competitor amateur athletics

spectator umpire finale rod bat viewer score beat professional referee

1. Do you prefer a grass or hard __________________ for tennis? 2. Jennifer cut the cake into six _______________ pieces. 3. There were more than 500 ___________________ in the marathon. 4. ________________ is called track-and-field in American English. 5. A lot of football fans rushed to the ____________ after the match to greet their favourite team. 6. Unfortunately we haven’t got an ice ________________ to skate on. 7. Golf is a game played on a large open ________________, the object of which is to hit a ball using clubs, with as few strokes as possible, into each of usually 18 holes. 8. I’d like to play tennis. Can I borrow your ____________________? 9. The fireworks were the grand ___________________ of the closing ceremonies. 10. The new TV film has gone down well with __________________. 11. No one __________________ in the first half of the football match. 12. To ____________ means to end a game or match without either side winning. 13. A ___________ is a long wooden stick with a special shape used in cricket, baseball and some other games. 14. The match attracted over 40,000 __________________________. 15. I’m not a professional. I’m an ________________________ golf player. 16. A _____________________ is a person who does a job for money. 17. Our team needed to ______________ the opponent to get to the final. 18. An _________________ makes sure that the players obey the rules.

19. The headmaster agreed to act as a _________________ to be in charge in the football match. 20. He is fond of fishing and hopes to get a fishing _______________ as a birthday present. Task 5. Fill in the gaps. Guess the word by the first letter. 1. Running, jumping and throwing is a_____________________. 2. The f________________ of the Broadway show was impressive. 3. A good cricket b______________ can be extremely expensive. 4. The new series attracted a lot of v_____________________. 5. The best football teams d________________ 3-3 yesterday. 6. Who s_________________ in the yesterday’s match? 7. There are three squash c__________________ available this evening. 8. An u______________ rules on the playing of a game, as in cricket or baseball. 9. Two of the c____________________ failed to turn up for the race. 10. We are going to give Pete a fishing r_________________ for New Year. 11. A r_____________________ is a specially prepared area of ice for skating. 12. I could always b_______________ my brother at chess. 13. Choose two stones of roughly e_______________ weight and size. 14. My Dad is an engineer but he play in an a__________________ orchestra. 15. The crowd invaded the p________________ at the end of the match. 16. The s_________________ cheered when the teams came onto the pitch. 17. It’s one of the biggest golf c__________________ in the country. Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word. 1. He was beyond himself with joy when he (забил гол) ________________ and his team won. 2. Brazil were (побеждены, разбиты) ___________________ in the final 2-1. 3. He has become a (профессиональный) ________________ tennis player and made a lot of money. 4. Becker and Edberg are due on the (корт) ______________ in an hour. 5. The (третейский судья) __________________ indicated a no-ball. 6. Many (телезрителей) _________________ were disappointed about the last week’s programme. 7. Inter (закончил матч вничью) _________________ with Juventus last night. 9. Figure skating attracts more people as (зрители) __________________ than as participants. 10. They had to call off the football match because the (футбольное поле) ________________ was not ready. 11. You can’t play cricket without a (бита) ________________. 12. A pound is roughly (равен) ___________________ to 500 grams.

13. The (финал) ____________________ of the concert was tremendous. 14. A (удочка) __________________ is a long tapered flexible pole, often in jointed sections, for use with a fishing line. 15. The firm's major (конкуренты) _____________________ are all in France. 16. Mary fell over on the (каток) __________________ and broke her leg. 17. He is an (футболист – любитель) _____________________ football player. 18. A (поле для игры в гольф) _________________ is an area of land that is designed for you to play golf on 19. I love (легкую атлетику) ______________________ especially long jump. PHRSAL VERBS (p. 24) Task 7. Match the phrasal verbs with their definition. 1 bring forward A start (after planning to do sth for a long time) 2 carry on B stop liking 3 get round to C defeat and remove from the competition; make

unconscious 4 get up to D change the date / time of an event so it happens earlier 5 go in for E stop being involved in a activity 6 go off F tolerate 7 join in G Start a hobby, sport, etc.; fill an amount space, time,

etc. 8 knock out H keep on, continue, go on 9 look out I start (as a habit) 10 pull out (off) J participate; take part 11 put off K like; enter (a competition, etc.) 12 put up with L delay, postpone 13 take to M do, do sth you should not do 14 take up N be careful

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Task 8. Translate the following phrasal verbs into Russian. 1 bring forward 2 carry on 3 get round to 4 get up to 5 go in for 6 go off 7 join in 8 knock out 9 look out 10 pull out (off)

11 put off 12 put up with 13 take to 14 take up

Task 9. Fill in prepositions. 1. Have you thought of going ______ ______ any sport? 2. Go upstairs and see what the kids are getting _____ _____. 3. Don't stop - carry ________, everyone! 4. We couldn't wait to join ________ the fun. 5. I haven't even got round ________ unpacking from my holiday yet! 6. Tyson knocked ______ his opponent in Round 7. I don't know how you put __________ _________ their constant quarrelling. 8. I've gone _____________ cooking lately. Now I hate it. 9. Unfortunately he took ___________ drinking. 10. They put the meeting __________ till the next week. 11. The meeting's been brought _____________ to Thursday. 12. The sportsman pulled _____________ of the competition at the last moment. 13. Glenn has taken _____________ pottery. 14. Look ____________! There's a car coming. Task 10. Fill in a verb in the right form. 1. You will get much joy if you ______________ in with other people having fun. 2. The meeting has been ___________ off to next Thursday. 3. At last I ______________ round to writing a letter to my old friend. 4. The meeting has been _____________ forward to 2 p.m. 5. She ____________ off him after their marriage 6. Jim saw that the firm was going to be ruined, so he _____________ out. 7. I don't _____________ in for loud popular music 8. Writing the paper _______________ up most of the weekend. 9. We all _____________ on singing as if nothing odd was happening. 10. All this bad news is enough to make him ______________ to drink. 11. You see what I have to _____________ up with! 12. The shock from an electric eel is powerful enough to ____________ a man out. 13. ______________ out, that step's not safe. 14. You never know what that child will ____________ up to next. Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb in the right form. 1. What did you (do) _________________ last Sunday? 2. That's the kind of behaviour that I just will not (tolerate) _____________ with. 3. The flight was (delayed) ____________________ because of the thunderstorm. 4. Indiana (was defeated and removed) ____________________ of the semifinals. 5. Please (continue) _______________________ with your work. 6. He (stopped liking) ___________________ driving altogether after the accident 7. Peter had to (stopped taking part in) ____________ the race due to the accident. 8. We’d rather (change the date) ____________________ the meeting to Monday. 9. You'll catch cold if you don't (be careful) __________________. 10. Dee (has begun) ______________________ getting up at 6 and going jogging. 11. I’ve finally (found the time and started) ________________ painting the walls. 12. He was thinking of (starting) _________________________ scuba diving. 13. Come on, Mary, (take part) __________________! You can sing! 14. She (likes) _________________________ red rather a lot, don't you think?

Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions. 1 do something, especially something slightly bad 2 to finally do something that you have been intending to

do for some time, but have not because you were too busy, too lazy etc.

3 participate; to take part in an activity as one of a group of people

4 used to warn someone that they are in danger 5 get out of a bad situation or dangerous place, or order

someone else to do so; stop being involved in an activity

6 stop liking something or someone 7 to accept an unpleasant situation or person without

complaining; tolerate 8 to change an arrangement in the future so that

something happens sooner 9 like; to adopt as an activity, interest, or guiding

principle; enter (a competition, etc.) 10 start doing something as a habit 11 postpone or delay 12 continue doing something 13 start doing sth as a hobby 14 defeat a person or team in a competition so that they can

no longer take part; make someone become unconscious PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p. 24) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1. He knew the game well and you could be sure that he would make the best __________ his cards. 2. He is the best ____________ playing practical jokes. 3. There is little chance _____________ getting the first prize. 4. Some of the pyramids are over 200 feet ____________ height. 5. Flared trousers were considered to be the height _______ fashion in those days. 6. I was totally mad _________ him. 7. Charlie seems to take pleasure __________ bullying the younger kids. 8. Video games are very popular ___________ children. 9. Frank sided ____________ David against their mother. 10. She showed a talent ___________ acting at an early age. 11. Brian usually gets home ___________ time to bath the children. 12. Luckily the bus arrived ___________ time. 13. Cecilia spends far too much money __________ those spoilt kids of hers. 14. I can never find time __________ visiting my aunt. 15. I haven’t seen her ___________ the time being.

16. I turned ______________ quickly to see if someone was following. 17. Dan turned _____________ so Brody couldn't see the fear in his eyes. 18. Turn __________ the page.

Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word.

1. I'll ____________ my best I can. 2. After losing $20,000 on my last business venture, I'm not going to ______________ any chances this time.

3. I never _____________ a chance to relax these days.

4. "I can't open this jar." "Let me have a ____________."

5. He's completely _____________ about computer games.

6. I'll ____________ mad if I have to spend another day in that place.

7. Many people ____________ a lot of pleasure from gardening.

8. He took part in the _______________ contest to show how well he can sing and dance.

9. The baby was crying the ______________________ time.

1. You should try and _______________ time to see a doctor.

2. There's no need to rush back - just ____________ your time.

3. Could you _______________ me the time?

4. It’s ___________________ time you went to bed.

5. You are sure to ______________ a good time at the seaside.

6. While the men were milking the boys would ____________

turns in riding the tractable mare round the field.

get

talent

go

whole

have

tell

become

mad

take

take

high

do

make

gain

take

WORD PATTERNS (p. 24) Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1. They found themselves competing ___________ foreign companies for a share of the market. 2. She and her sister are always competing __________ attention. 3. These companies are competing _____________ each other. 4. She was too distracted to concentrate properly _________ her book. 5. Jilly's very fond ____________ drawing. 6. Over the years we've grown very fond ____________ each other. 7. I'm not really interested _____________ politics. 8. The US has so far been extremely unwilling to involve itself _________ the crisis in Bosnia. 9. Ben made sure _____________ winning by betting on all the horses.

Task 16. Match to make sentences. 1 Feel free A to interrupt your meal. 2 I'm free B to live in the country. 3 Sheila's interested C having a rest at work. 4 I didn't mean D to have a rest as they were too

tired to continue their trip. 5 I'm determined to solve this

mystery even if it means E to travel by train rather than by

plane. 6 Many people would actually

prefer F to ask questions.

7 Chantal prefers G of your facts before you accuse anybody.

8 I prefer H travelling by train. 9 They stopped I of obligations. 10 They had a lot of work to do

and decided to stop J of one thing - there'll be a lot of

laughs. 11 You can be sure K travelling to New York myself. 12 I suggest you make certain L in starting her own business.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

WORD FORMATION (p.24) Task 17. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb allow association 1) 2)

compete

enjoy equipment fortune interest know lose 1) medal 2 3)

practice 1)

2) retrain

maintain 1) 2) opponent

1) 2) opposing

Task 18. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold. 1 The baggage ___________________ is 75 pounds per

person. allow

2 Most of the things you learn at school have no _______________value in the real world.

practice

3 He beat his __________________ by a technical knockout.

oppose

4 We now have greater ________________ about the risks of using these chemicals.

know

5 Several advertising agencies _____________________ to get the contract.

competition

6 They set up an __________________ to help families suffering from alcoholism.

associate

7 He is suffering from a temporary ______________ of memory.

lose

8 ______________, you were out when we called. fortune 9 The caretaker is responsible for the _______________ of

the school buildings. maintain

10 The teachers use games to make learning more ______________ .

enjoy

Unit 6 • Science and Technology TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 36) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions.

A 1 developme

nt A made to look like sth real,

2 engine B the process of developing or improving 3 modern C correct or true in every detail4 method D to discover a number or amount using mathematics or with a

piece of equipment5 true E to happen, especially unexpectedly6 accurate F based on facts or things that really happen, and not made up7 industry G relating to or belonging to the present time 8 false H an event, thing, or person that makes something happen9 machine I change, growth, or improvement over a period of time10 occur J a piece of equipment that does a particular job by using

electricity, steam, gas etc11 cause K the part of a vehicle that makes it move 12 estimate L a fact, situation, that explains why something happened, why

someone did something, or why something is true13 calculate M all the business involved in producing a particular type of

goods or services 14 progress N a way of doing something, especially a planned or established

way 15 reason O to guess or calculate an amount or value by using available

information 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

B 1 electronic A using or relating to electricity 2 natural B not natural or real, made by people and used instead of

something natural 3 research C using electricity and extremely small electrical parts such as

microchips and transistors 4 artificial D to design or create something such as a machine or process

that did not exist before 5 electric E a prize or other reward that is given to someone who has

achieved something 6 way F the thing that you hope to achieve by doing something

7 invent

G a building or group of buildings where large quantities of goods are produced using machines

8 experiment H to find out something that you did not know before 9 aim I a method for doing something 10 discover J recently made 11 new K something good that happens or that you receive because of

something you have done 12 factory L existing in nature and not produced or caused by people 13 reward M a scientific test to find out what happens to someone or

something in particular conditions 14 award N the detailed study of something in order to discover new facts,

especially in a university or scientific institution 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Task 2. Translate the following words.

1 occur 2 cause 3 estimate 4 discover 5 new 6 factory 7 reward 8 award 9 way 10 invent 11 experiment 12 aim 13 calculate 14 progress 15 reason 16 electronic 17 natural 18 research 19 artificial 20 electric 21 machine 22 development 23 engine 24 modern 25 method 26 true 27 accurate 28 industry 29 false

Task 3. Guess the words.

1 change, growth, or improvement over a period of time

2 the part of a vehicle that makes it move 3 relating to or belonging to the present time 4 a way of doing something, especially in a planned

or established way5 based on facts or things that really happen, and are

not made up6 correct or true in every detail 7 all the business involved in producing a particular

type of goods or services8 made to look like sth real 9 a piece of equipment that does a particular job by

using electricity, steam, gas etc 10 to happen, especially unexpectedly 11 an event, thing, or person that makes something

happen12 to guess or calculate an amount or value by using

available information13 to discover a number or amount using mathematics

or with a piece of equipment 14 the process of developing or improving15 a fact, situation, or intention that explains why

something happened, why someone did something, or why something is true

16 using electricity and extremely small electrical parts such as microchips and transistors

17 existing in nature and not produced or caused by people

18 the detailed study of something in order to discover new facts, especially in a university or scientific institution

19 not natural or real, made by people and used instead of something natural

20 using or relating to electricity 21 a method for doing something 22 to design or create something such as a machine or

process that did not exist before 23 a scientific test to find out what happens to someone

or something in particular conditions

24 the thing that you hope to achieve by doing something

25 to find out something that you did not know before26 a piece of equipment that does a particular job by

using electricity, steam, gas etc 27 a building or group of buildings where large

quantities of goods are produced using machines28 something good that happens or that you receive

because of something you have done 29 a prize or other reward that is given to someone

who has achieved something 30 recently made

Task 4. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the word from the list. You may need to use one word more than once. Artificial false natural true accurate

1. The film is based on a ___________ story. 2. This cloth is made from ___________fibres. 3. Her ____________ instinct was to defend herself. 4. Lara never shows her _____________feelings. 5. The product contains no _____________colours, flavours, or preservatives. 6. The study shows that the ________cost of nuclear energy is much higher

than most people think. 7. We need to get some more _______________ information. 8. The report was dismissed as totally ___________.

motor aim method way engine machine

1. I love to watch the ________ she plays with the children. 2. Vaccination is one of the most effective __________ for preventing

disease. 3. The pump is powered by an electric ______________. 4. It was a handmade rug produced by traditional ______________. 5. The committee is discussing new _______________ and means of

improving profits. 6. The ___________ of this project is to help patients to be more

independent. 7. Industrialization is the most important _____________ of economic

growth 8. Sue showed him how to operate the _______________. 9. There are so many delicious ______________ you can prepare chicken. 10. The group was committed to achieving its _______ through peaceful

means. 11. He criticized those who had turned politics into a money ____________.

calculate estimate electric cause reason electronic

1. The _____________ equipment is to be delivered today. 2. The fire was _______________ by an electrical fault. 3. The major ______________ of these accidents is drivers going too fast. 4. He lived in a run down area in a house without _____________ light. 5. The police asked her the ______________for her visit. 6. We’ll need to _____________ the overall costs. 7. It’s difficult to __________the long-term effects of these changes in the law. 8. You need an ________________ socket as the battery is flat. 9. Joe’s father had good _______________ to be proud of him. 10. It’s difficult to __________________ the cost of making your house safe. 11. The ______ these cars are so expensive is that they are largely built by hand. 12. No one can imagine life without an __________________calculator

invent discover discovery research experiment progress development

1. I’m worried about my son’s lack of ______________ in English. 2. The two men decided to ______________ the truth for themselves. 3. Recent _______ shows that babies in the womb can be influenced by music. 4. His work is mainly in software ________________. 5. William Herschel __________________ Uranus in 1781. 6. Government scientists have carried out extensive ___________ into the

effects of these drugs. 7. __________ show that many plants tolerate a wide range of light conditions. 8. He ___________ the technique that allows scientists to examine DNA. 9. The award recognizes distinction in exploration, __________, and research. 10. Recently negotiators have made considerable _______________ in the talks.

factory industry award modern new reward occur

1. She works in a _______________. 2. She won the Player of the Year _____________. 3. Students who complete the course successfully will be ________ a diploma. 4. The programme examines the role of women in ____________ society. 5. _________ for appropriate behaviour can be successful in teaching children. 6. This product will bring rich __________ for its manufacturers. 7. _____________technology has had a huge impact on all of us. 8. These are just some of the elements that ____________ on our planet. 9. The part of _________ that involves the production of small goods, for

example electronic equipment, is called light _____________. 10. They are going to build a _____________ office block here. 11. The __________ scheme could mean a whole new way of life for residents. 12. Police said the accident ______________ about 4.30 pm.

Task 5. Fill in the gaps. A.

1. He became very friendly when he d____________ that she was my sister. 2. His departure was c____________ for celebration in the village

3. We visit schools with the a______ of getting young people interested in the theatre

4. Students may apply for an a___________ for payment of fees. 5. All the ingredients we use are totally n___________. 6. The growers use both n___________ and a_____________ light. 7. Is there any w__________ of contacting you while you’re in Africa? 8. It’s one of the most time-saving devices ever i_____________ for cooks. 9. Our country continues to lead the world in scientific d_____________. 10. She teaches a lot of classes and doesn’t have much time for her own r_____. 11. The woman cannot be named for legal r____________. 12. You can learn and improve but you need n____________ talent. 13. They used to guarantee housing for all workers, but that’s no longer t_____. 14. Would it be more a_______________ to say that the plan failed? 15. Farming m___________ haven’t changed here for decades. 16. R___________ now need to conduct further experiments

B. 1. Could you explain your r___________ for choosing this particular course? 2. We went to the n__________ Tom Cruise film last week. 3. After graduation he was a__________ a scholarship to do research. 4. The media gave the world a f____________ impression of life in the city. 5. We need to clarify the a__________ and objectives of the project. 6. The town was severely hit by the decline in i___________. 7. The Antarctic ice cap is e_______ to contain 90% of the world’s fresh water. 8. I have no c___________ to question his integrity. 9. The storm c_________ widespread damage. 10. Users will be able to upgrade their m____________ as necessary 11. He c___________ that the proposal would cost 4 million a year. 12. Complications o___________ in only 5% of patients. 13. The thought of giving up never o__________ to me. 14. Keep me informed of the p____________ of the project. 15. We encourage our staff in their development of n_____________ skills. 16. These techniques are not used in m____________ medicine. 17. The architecture of the hotel is strikingly m______________. 18. You deserve a day off as a r___________ for working so hard. 19. Financial r__________ and promotion will be linked to performance.

Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word. A)

1. My main (цель) __________ on this course is to gain confidence. 2. It rains a lot in the north, and that seems especially ( правдиво, характерно)

______of Cumbria. 3. Our new policies are designed to break down (искусственные)________

barriers to women’s advancement. 4. The (Причина) ________why so many people caught the disease is still not

clear. 5. We are trying to (разработать новые методы) _______________ of

pollution control.

6. An injury to the goalkeeper (заставила, явилась причиной )____________ him to limp off after ten minutes.

7. The students are learning new (пути ) _______ to communicate in writing. 8. There’s a message on the (автоответчик) ___________ for you. 9. The doctor’s report states that there is no (причины) ________for concern. 10. Our application was rejected, but the council gave no (причины) _________

for its decision. 11. The program helps you to (вычислить) _________ how much tax you have

to pay. 12. The earthquake is the worst (природное ) ____________ disaster that Japan

has experienced. B)

1. ( Эксперимент )__________is necessary to find a treatment that suits you. 2. Police are offering a substantial (вознаграждение) _____________ for

information leading to the man’s capture. 3. Chaplin (придумал, изобрел)_________ his own unique style of comedy. 4. This is one of the most important archaeological (открытие)

_____________ of the century. 5. There is clearly a need for further (исследование, изучение) on this topic. 6. The prize is (вручается) _____________ annually. 7. Checks are made to (обнаружить) ______________ whether applicants

have a criminal record. 8. There has not been much (прогресс) ___________ on the border issue. 9. How can she afford to buy a brand (новую) __________ Ferrari? 10. The prize was a just (вознаграждение) __________ for all his hard work. 11. This small tree also (встречается ) _________________ in central and

southern India. 12. We should replace the equipment with something more (современное)

______________. Task 7. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb 1) 2)

develop 1) 2)

1) method 2)

1) true 2)

accurate industry 1)

2) 1) 2)

1) 2)

false

1) 2)

machine

1) 2)

estimate

1) 2)

calculate 1) 2) 3)

progress 1) 2)

reason

electronic 1) 2)

natural

research artificial 1) 2)

invent

1) 2)

experiment

aim 1) 2)

discover

news reward Task 8. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold.

1 I wonder if he is tired of this ________ wandering. aim 2 Creation belongs to eternity and ___________ to time. develop 3 The __________ is that I am very tired. true 4 He lives in an _________ area industry 5 Such a clock is guaranteed to be __________ within one second

in one million years. accuracy

6 _________ have made an important new discovery lately. research 7 He _________ the document by the substitution of a paragraph. false 8 The prices are ___________ high artificial 9 He is the cleverest of men in my _________. estimate 10 _________ wages have been introduced in this industry. progress 11 It is not __________ to demand so much from them. reason 12 Some individuals are naturally good __________. communicate13 Doctors stress that this type of treatment is still _______. experiment 14 In order to discover the _______, we must be truthful ourselves. true 15 The sweater was so nice that she thought it was _________. machine 16 Doctors are not very ____________ financially. reward

PHRASAL VERBS (p. 36) Task 9. Write down Russian equivalents to the phrasal verbs.

1 break down 2 carry out 3 come off

4 come on 5 come up with 6 cut off 7 find out 8 give off 9 narrow down 10 plug in 11 put someone/sth through 12 turn into 13 turn off 14 work out

Task 10. Match the phrasal verbs with their definition. 1 break down A to develop or make progress 2 carry out B find a solution to the problem 3 come off C to change or develop into sth different 4 come on D to produce something such as heat or a smell 5 come up with E to think of something such as an idea or a

plan 6 cut off F to discover a fact or piece of information 7 find out G to connect a piece of equipment to an

electricity supply or to another piece of equipment

8 give off H connect someone to the person they want to speak to on the telephone

9 narrow down I to stop working 10 plug in J to reduce the number of possibilities or

choices 11 put sb /sth through K to do a particular piece of work, research etc 12 turn into L to prevent someone from ever receiving your

money or property 13 turn off M to succeed 14 work out N to stop using a piece of equipment by

pressing a button or moving a switch

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb.

1. The car (stopped working)___________ just outside Winchester. 2. An investigation (is being done)_________ by the prison governor. 3. What if the plan doesn’t (succeed) ___________ ? 4. The party didn’t (develop) ___________ quite the way we hoped. 5. How’s the building work (making progress) ___________? 6. We may never (discover) ________ the truth about what happened.

7. Will you (stop using)______ the television _______, please? 8. The police are determined to (discover)______ who killed Louise. 9. What started out as an enjoyable holiday (changed) __________ a

nightmare? 10. We’re working to (to reduce the number of) _______ the list of possible

suspects. 11. The switchboard operator refused to (connect) ________ the call _______. 12. Then I realized I hadn’t (connected) the TV ____________. 13. Is that the best you can (think of) ___________? 14. Her father (prevented from) _____her______ without a penny. 15. When they die, plants (produce) ________gases such as carbon dioxide and

methane. 16. You need to (find a solution how) the way to make the problem less

stressful. Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions. 1 to prevent someone from ever receiving your

money or property 2 to change or develop into something different 3 to produce something such as heat or a smell 4 to think of something such as an idea or a plan 5 to connect a piece of equipment to an electricity

supply or to another piece of equipment 6 to stop working7 to develop or make progress 8 to stop using a piece of equipment by pressing a

button or moving a switch 9 find a solution to the problem 10 to discover a fact or piece of information 11 to reduce the number of possibilities or choices 12 to do a particular piece of work, research etc13 connect someone to the person they want to

speak to on the telephone 14 to succeed PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p.36) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1. The book attempts ___ explain the origins of the war. 2. ____average, women live between five and seven years longer than men. 3. _______ the beginning I found it hard to concentrate, but now it’s much

easier 4. I’ll be away for two weeks ______ the beginning of April. 5. The competition began ________ one of the teams being disqualified. 6. The date and time are shown ________ the bottom of your screen.

7. ________ conclusion, I would like to thank everyone who helped to make this event possible.

8. All meals begin _________ a short prayer. 9. Rachel was coming _______the conclusion that Leif was only interested in

himself. 10. She likes experimenting _______ different hairstyles. 11. This lab doesn’t experiment _______ animals. 12. He was paid money for a job that did not _______fact exist. 13. I haven’t been here long. ______ a matter of fact, I just got off the plane

yesterday. 14. A school activity weekend gave me my introduction ________ sailing.

Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word .

1) The government has ___________no attempt to avert the crisis. 2) Hubble ____________ the conclusion that the universe was expanding. 3) Researchers now need to _______________ further experiments. 4) The ________is , he lost because he didn’t try very hard. 5) “Was he in a bad mood?” “No, as a ________ of fact, he seemed quite

cheerful”. 6) Government scientists have ________ out extensive research into the effects

of these drugs. WORD PATTERNS (p.36) Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1) Her manuscript is being considered ______ publication. 2) You should discuss this problem _______your doctor. 3) What do you intend to do _______ this? 4) I only know _____one case in which this has happened. 5) They were known _______ their artistic achievements. 6) Would you like me to look ______ your essay before you hand it in? 7) We are looking _____ a partner in a new business venture. 8) A sudden change ______ temperature will inevitably result in rain.

Task 16. Match to make sentences. 1 The crash resulted A forward to working with you. 2 Union leaders are meeting to B work as a builder. 3 I never intended it C looking forward to his

retirement. 4 Do you know of anyone D evidence to support my case. 5 He was looking for E who’s looking for a new car? 6 He is considering whether F in the deaths of 14 passengers. 7 I’m really looking forward G extensive research into the

effects of these drugs. 8 Mike managed to upset H buying a used car. 9 Government scientists have I to accept another job offer

carried out 10 He had worked hard and was J to working with you. 11 I’m really looking K mother yet again today. 12 He’s considering L discuss how to deal with the

factory closures. 13 I intend using the report as M to turn out like that.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

WORD FORMATION (p.36) Task 17. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb appear builder building

discover explanatory 1)

2) importantly

introduce inventor invention

1) 2)

observe

1) possibility 2)

1) 2)

1) 2)

1) 2)

psychological

1) 2)

1) 2) unscientific

1) 2)

1) technology 2) 3)

1) 2)

1) 2)

wood

Task 18. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold.

1. The software has several new features put in by the ………………… .

build

2. ……………………, she resigned because she had an argument with her boss.

appear

3. The company recognizes the…………………. of training its employees.

important

4. He gave a detailed ………………….. of the events leading up to the accident.

explain

5. You won’t get into the subject deeply, but the course is a good ……………………...

introduce

6. Harry’s problems are more ………………………….. than physical.

psychology

7. The church is the only ancient ……………………… in the city to survive.

build

8. Modern archaeology is more …………………….. than in the past.

science

9. Air pollution is one of the many problems brought by ……………………….. change.

technology

10. It would be …………………… to gather this information without using computers.

possible

11. Many political …………………….. believe that the election is already decided.

observe

12. How did Jamie know? And, more …………………….., what did he know?

important

Task 19. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words below. technology possible introduce observe appearance important

1. Is everyone aware of the ______________ of injury when skateboarding? 2. Women’s education was seen as _____________________. 3. Most children have great powers of ____________________. 4. Beginners will have two ___________________ lessons. 5. The building __________________ to have been used as a place of worship. 6. She thought she had found a useful ________________ for dealing with

difficult customers 7. There is a chance of showers today and ___________ a thunderstorm.

UNIT 8 • The Media TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p.48) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A) 1 deny A have or express the same opinion about something as

someone else 2 refuse B a TV or radio programme in which people answer

questions to win prizes 3 agree C a piece of writing in a news paper or magazine 4 accept D a piece of writing about a subject in a newspaper or a

magazine, or a special report on television or on the radio 5 headline E he title written at the top of a piece of writing, or at the

beginning of part of a book 6 heading F a television programme in which people play games or

answer questions to win prizes 7 feature G say something is not true 8 article H the title of a newspaper report, which is printed in large

letters above the report 9 talk show I agree that that smth. is right or true 10 quiz show J someone who reads news or information on the television

or radio 11 game show K someone on television or radio who describes an event as

it is happening 12 announcer L a television show in which famous people answer

questions about themselves 13 commentator M say firmly that you will not do something that someone

has asked you to do

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 B) 1 tabloid A a newspaper printed on large sheets of paper,

especially a serious newspaper 2 broadsheet B newspapers or magazines or people who write

reports for newspapers, radio, or television 3 journalist C television, radio, newspapers, the internet that

provide news and information for the public, or the people who do this work

4 columnist D something that you watch on television or listen to on the radio

5 press E a set of instructions given to a computer to make it perform an operation

6 media F a newspaper that has small pages, a lot of photographs, and not much serious news

7 programme G a television station and all the programmes that it broadcasts

8 program H a programme on the radio or on television 9 channel I A short news report on radio or television 10 broadcast (n) J someone who writes news reports for

newspapers, magazines, television, or radio 11 bulletin K very short news programme on radio or

television, broadcast suddenly in the middle of another programme when something very important has happened

12 newsflash L someone who writes articles, especially about a particular subject, that appear regularly in a newspaper or magazine

Task 2. Give the Russian equivalent of the following words 1 headline 2 heading 3 feature 4 announcer 5 commentator 6 tabloid 7 broadsheet 8 columnist 9 press 10 media 11 programme 12 program 13 channel 14 broadcast 15 bulletin 16 newsflash Task 3. Guess the words from their definition. 1 have or express the same opinion about something

as someone else

2 a piece of writing about a subject in a newspaper or a magazine, or a special report on television or on the radio

3 the title written at the top of a piece of writing, or at the beginning of part of a book

4 say something is not true

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

5 the title of a newspaper report, which is printed in large letters above the report

6 agree that that sth is right or true 7 someone who reads news or information on the

television or radio

8 someone on television or radio who describes an event as it is happening

9 say firmly that you will not do something that someone has asked you to do

10 a newspaper printed on large sheets of paper, especially a serious newspaper

11 Newspapers or magazines or people who write reports for newspapers, radio, or television

12 television, radio, newspapers, the internet that provide news and information for the public, or the people who do this work

13 something that you watch on television or listen to on the radio

14 a set of instructions given to a computer to make it perform an operation

15 a newspaper that has small pages, a lot of photographs, and not much serious news

16 a television station and all the programmes that it broadcasts

17 a programme on the radio or on television 18 a short news report on radio or television 19 someone who writes news reports for newspapers,

magazines, television, or radio

20 very short news programme on radio or television, broadcast suddenly in the middle of another programme when something very important has happened

21 someone who writes articles, especially about a particular subject, that appear regularly in a newspaper or magazine

Task 4. Fill in the gaps with the following words. Broadsheet talk show newsflash press programme program refuse headline tabloid accept article agree columnist broadcast bulletin journalist refuse 1. We interrupt this programme to bring you a …...................... 2. He flatly …...........................any offers of financial help. 3. I finally …............................ the fact that I would die if I didn't stop smoking. 4. If she felt he was right, she would............................ with him. 5. …............................ are aimed at an educated middle and upper-class readership.

6. A supermarket tabloid newspaper had the …......................... "Space Aliens Meet with the President." 7. Gossip …................................ from the local papers wrote about them. 8. Did you read that …....................... on the Middle Eastern peace process? 9. Some one who's brilliant on the cinema screen isn't necessarily a good …........................................ guest. 10. ''Giants'' coach, later became a sports …................................. on television. 11. She claimed that she had had an affair with the President, and sold her story to the …................................... 12. It was reported in news …............................... throughout the day that the astronauts were in trouble. 13. The disk is not allowed access until it has been validated with the Disknet check …................................ 14. All foreign ….................have been told to leave the war zone as soon as possible. 15. The exciting thing about the show is that it's a live …........................ and anything can happen. 16. To judge from the …................................, the concert was a great success. 17. Did you see that …...................................... about cricket on TV last night? Task 5. Complete the sentences guessing the word by the first letter. 1. I saw you do it, so don't try to d.............................. it! 2. This magazine includes f.........................................on gardening news. 3. Steptoe finally a........................... that his son didn't want to continue working in the family business. 4. The paper's leading a................................ described the government as weak. 5. The h.......................................read: "Pope to Visit Kazakhstan." 6. T................................... page is half the size of a b..................................... 7. My father hated j.......................................... - he didn't trust any of them. 8. The h..........................of each paragraph tells you what it's about. 9. We don't a.............................on everything, of course. 10. She was the former political c......................... on the evening news. 11. He began his career writing a....................... for the college magazine. 12. Did you see that p........................... about cricket on TV last night? 13. He changed c......................... to watch the basketball game. 14. All the shows started late because of the n....................... about the bombing. 15. The story was widely covered in the national p..................... 16. Our next b........................ is at 10.30 p.m. 17. The role of the m................... in forming public opinion is very important. 18. All radio b................................ and church publications continue to be closely monitored by the government. 19. He tried to persuade her to come with him, but she r......................

Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word. 1. He never (не откажется) ….........................a drink, does he? 2. She succeeded in persuading the jury (принять) …....... …... her version of the events. 3. I just saw the (заголовок).......................... . I didn't have time to read the article. 4.Most people nowadays (согласились бы)............................... that a good pub is one of the British best traditions. 5. The (жёлтая пресса)........................ went for sensations, scandals, gossip and, especially, opinion. 6. Neal Ascherson, the award-winning writer, will be (обозреватель)........................ on the new newspaper. 7. In recent weeks and months, (передовицы) …..................... have painted a picture of an industry in crisis. 8. The daily (трансляция)........................... circulates widely in the Arab world and among Arabs living in the West. 9. An experienced (журналист).............................. has a sense of what is likely to be relevant about a story. 10 (пресса)..................................have been very nasty about him. 11. Тhe judge is worried that comments (в средствах массовой информации) …..................................might affect the result of the trial. 12. He had once read a magazine (статья).................about it in the dentist's office. 13. The latest police (сообщение)..........................described the suspect as a white male in his twenties. 14. What's your favourite television (программа)........................................ ? 15. Тhe government has banned all (трансляции)........................by opposition groups. 16. The kids are watching cartoons on the Disney (канал)................................... 17. This only occurs when (компьютерные программы)................................are written to take advantage of the co-processor. PHRASAL VERBS (p.48) Task 7. Match the following phrasal verbs with their definitions. 1 bring up A add information in the spaces on a document 2 come on B deal with sth. In detail 3 come out C invent explanation; create a story, poem 4 fill in D try to find information in a book, dictionary, etc. 5 flick through E suggest 6 go into F be easy to see because of being different 7 hand out G turn and look at the pages of a magazine,etc. quickly 8 look up H turn a page so that the other side is towards you 9 make out I start discussing a subject 10 make up J recognise that sth. is not true and not be tricked 11 put forward K start to be broadcast

12 see through L pretend that sth. is true; see, hear or understand with difficulty

13 stand out M give things to people in a group 14 turn over N be published 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Task 8. Translate the following phrasal verbs into Russian. 1 bring up 2 come on 3 come out 4 fill in 5 flick through 6 go into 7 hand out 8 look up 9 make out 10 make up 11 put forward 12 see through 13 stand out 14 turn over Task 9. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. They put...............................a number of suggestions. 2. Don't forget to fill...........................your boarding cards. 3. Why did you have to bring............the subject of money? 4. When you're the boss you can make............your own rules. 5. Turn..............and look at the next page. 6. I don't want to go........................the matter now. 7. She always stood....................in a crowd. 8. Just at that moment, the news came....... 9. I can't bluff – she'd see right...............me. 10. Could you start handing these books............please? distribute 11. When is the new edition coming...............? 12. I’ll just look.....the train times. 13. He could just make............a dark shape moving towards him. Task 10. Fill in the gaps with verb in the correct form. 1. Bill............................through Carla's photo album. 2. I don't want..........................into details now. 3. He......................out leaflets to members of the audience when we entered the hall.

4. …........the word up in your dictionary. 5. I couldn't.........................out what he was saying. 6. Nick.....................up a song about his mother after her death. 7. Her name..............................forward for the lead role in the play. 8. I always...............through his excuses. 9. The outlines of rooftops and chimneys...........................out against the pale sky. 10. They could only wait for the next report if Hal...................up the subject himself. Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb. 1. The band has a new album (being issued)...............................next month. 2. There are a couple of matters I want to (start to talk)..............................today for discussion. 3. There are three forms to (write necessary information)............................by 18 September. 4. Now (turn a page)............................and let's see what's on the next page. 5. I haven't read the book in detail, I just (looked at the pages quickly).....................................it. 6. In your essay you should (describe in a detailed way)........................the causes of the war. 7. Joe will always (look different from others).................................in the crowd. 8. The company has (suggested)...........................a plan to build a new hotel in the city centre. 9. I couldn't (understand)..........................why my computer had not saved that document. 10. Sally didn't want to go to the concert , so she (invented an excuse).............................an excuse about being ill. 11. He is so charming that few people (realise what he is really like).............................. him and realise that he is just a conman. Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions. 1 add information in the spaces on a document 2 deal with sth in detail 3 invent explanation; create a story, poem 4 try to find information in a book, dictionary, etc. 5 suggest 6 be easy to see because of being different 7 turn and look at the pages of a magazine, etc. quickly 8 turn a page so that the other side is towards you 9 start discussing a subject 10 recognise that sth is not true and not be tricked 11 start to be broadcast 12 pretend that sth is true; see, hear or understand with

difficulty 13 give things to people in a group 14 be published

PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p. 48) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. Students are encouraged to take control............their own learning, rather than just depending on the teacher. 2. 'Do you need any help?' 'No. It's.............control, thanks.' 3. The car spun.......................and hit a tree. 4. There's a big difference.............knowing that something is true, and being able to prove it. 5. The banks had too much influence..................government policy. 6. Your insurance company will need a full description............the stolen property 7. He just took it..............granted that he would pass the exam. 8. Hong Kong is...................the news this morning. 9. …........... my view, the country needs a change of government. 10. You can find all kinds of information...............the Internet. 11. Both services allow users to send their data...............the Internet to company storage 12. ….............place of our advertised programme, we will have live coverage of the special memorial service. 13. It must be true - I heard it...........the news last night. 14. I saw him struggling but felt helpless.............view..........his pain. 15. We’d like a room with a view........the sea. 16. I'm afraid his honesty is now..........question. 17. The guide gives a general description............the island. 18. What problems should I watch.................when buying an old house? Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word. 1. There's not much...............in price. 2. How much does TV advertising really......................what people buy? 3. His son is being trained to..............control of the family business. 4. Bridget was careful not to....................him for granted. 5. One more person wouldn't....................any difference to the arrangements. 6. The Council had its......................on many government decisions. 7. Surveys show millions of workers use their office computers to play games, the Net or worse. 8. The twins' parents........................the view that surgery will be wrong. 9. Dogs are allowed on the trails if they are..............under control. 10. The booklet gives a brief..............................of each place.

take (3) watch influence (2) surf difference news place make

11. Have you heard the.........................that the dairy company is closing? 12. If I refused to go, they would send someone else in my............................... 13. Security forces kept a close.....................on our activities. 14. Everyone at the meeting had different............................

description kept views

WORD PATTERNS (p. 48) Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. In-line skating is not to be confused..........................roller skating. 2. According..................police, Miller was arrested at the scene of the robbery. 3. Cordon announced his resignation...................staff members on Wednesday. 4. The numbers correspond.............points on the map. 5. The police have refused to comment..............the investigation until it is completed. 6. McFadden must persuade the jury................her innocence. 7. He made some comment..................my dress, then carried on reading his book. 8. There's no point............worrying. 9. If you're confused............anything, phone my office. 10. We were greatly surprised.................the news. Task 16. Match two halves to make the sentences. 1 A government spokesman

announced A to be the oldest person in the country.

2 We regret to inform you B to go out for a drink with me. 3 She'll only take me back C and Jill made some interesting comments

about her performance. 4 I finally managed to persuade

her D that the hostages had been released.

5 We were discussing her new movie,

E roughly corresponds to British A levels.

6 At 115, Mrs Jackson is believed F that your application has been rejected. 7 The French 'baccalauréat' exam G to be isolated, depressed and demoralized. 8 Bored people are more likely H if I can persuade her that I've changed.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

WORD FORMATION (p.48) Task 17. Complete the table. NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE ADVERB 1) …...................... 2) announcer

(un)announced

1) …...................... 2) disbelief

believe (un).................... (un)believably

1)........................ 2) communicator

(un)....................

1) convinced 2) (un)convincing

…....................... discursive 1) ….................. 2) ….................. 3) editorial

edit 1)....................... 2) edited

editorially

1) …...................... 2) humourist

1).......................2) humourless

…....................... …................... 1) (un)informed2) (un)....................

1) …................ 2)..................... 3) journalism

journalistic

1)..................... 2) …................

politisize ….................... politically

power 1) power 2) ….......................

1) power 2)........................3) powerless

1) powerfully 2) powerlessly

1) ridicule 2) ridiculousness

ridicule …...................... ….......................

1) second 2) secondary

….......................

1) writer 2)........................

write (un)....................

Task 18. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word. 1 The President is …..................... to appoint judges to the

Supreme Court. power

2 You absolutely lack............................. skills. journal 3 She became …...................... that her boyfriend was seeing

someone else. convince

4 Jim found the library staff friendly and …....................... inform 5 Hargreaves is a clever and ambitious …....................

politics

6 I read the …................. of her death in today's newspaper. announce 7 Now he'd put all the facts together the story sounded

absolutely …...................... ridicule

8 Their …........................ always criticize the government, whatever it does.

edit

9 Customers complained that the sales clerks were very ….................................

communicate

10 She didn't finish the letter and left it ….......................... write REVISION Task 19. Give the English equivalent of the following words and word combinations. 1) придумать отговорку (оправдание).................................................. 2) затрагивать тему.................................................... 3) предлагать.................................................... 4) обозреватель........................................................... 5) продолжать наблюдение за кем-либо............................................................... 6) не имеет смысла делать.......................................................................... 7) экстренное сообщение........................................................................... 8) видеть насквозь (когда лгут)........................................................................ 9) очерк, передача................................................................... 10) живая трансляция........................................................... 11) считать само собой разумеющимся............................................................. 12) нет никакой разницы........................................................................... 13) вникать (в детали)............................................................ 14) разбирать, понимать с трудом.................................................................. 15) с моей точки зрения...........................................................

Unit 10 • People and society TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 60) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A) 1 relationship A to receive pleasure from; take joy in

2 connection B having lived or existed for a relatively long time

3 blame (n) C willing to understand other people’s problems and

help them 4 fault (n) D to give satisfaction, pleasure, or contentment to (a

person); make or cause (a person) to be glad 5 old E a relationship or association between things or people

6 ancient F a group of spectators or listeners, esp at a public event

such as a concert or play 7 crowd G to provide the necessities of life for (a family, person,

etc.) 8 audience H 1)the state of being connected or related; 2) association

by blood or marriage; kinship 9 enjoy I to give help or support to (a person, cause, etc.) 10 please (v) J dating from very long ago 11 support K responsibility for something that is wrong or deserving

censure (осуждение, порицание); culpability (виновность)

12 assist L showing regard for others, in manners, speech, behaviour, etc.; courteous

13 kind M a large number of things or people gathered or considered together

14 polite N responsibility for a mistake or misdeed

15 sympathetic O helpful to others; having a friendly or generous nature or attitude

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

B) 1 likeable A being or serving as a representative example of a

particular type; characteristic 2 nervous B easily irritated, offended 3 bad-tempered C appealing to the general public; widely favoured or

admired 4 sensitive D common or average 5 sensible E of what people do in most situations 6 company F nice, attractive, pleasant 7 group G known to or recognized by many people; renowned 8 popular H close to someone or something 9 famous I made annoyed or angry very easily 10 typical J not known, understood, or recognized 11 usual K practical and reasonable 12 ordinary L a number of persons bound together by common social

standards, interests, etc 13 close M very excitable or sensitive; highly strung 14 near N having a bad reputation; notorious 15 unknown O related to you directly (being your parent, child,

brother or sister, etc 16 infamous P a number of people gathered together; assembly 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Task 2. Translate the following words into Russian.

1 sensitive 2 sensible 3 company 4 group 5 blame (n) 6 fault (n) 7 old 8 ancient 9 usual 10 ordinary 11 close 12 crowd 13 audience 14 enjoy 15 please (v) 16 support 17 assist 18 kind

19 polite 20 sympathetic 21 near 22 unknown 23 infamous 24 popular 25 famous 26 typical 27 likeable 28 nervous 29 bad-tempered 30 relationship 31 connection

Task 3. Guess the words from their definitions. 1 very excitable or sensitive; highly strung 2 having a bad reputation; notorious 3 related to you directly (being your parent, child,

brother or sister, etc 4 a number of people gathered together; assembly 5 to receive pleasure from; take joy in 6 having lived or existed for a relatively long time

7 willing to understand other people’s problems and

help them 8 being or serving as a representative example of a

particular type; characteristic 9 easily irritated, offended 10 appealing to the general public; widely favoured or

admired 11 common or average 12 of what people do in most situations 13 nice, attractive, pleasant 14 known to or recognized by many people; renowned 15 close to someone or something 16 made annoyed or angry very easily 17 not known, understood, or recognized 18 practical and reasonable 19 a number of persons bound together by common

social standards, interests, etc 20 showing regard for others, in manners, speech,

behaviour, etc.; courteous 21 a large number of things or people gathered or

considered together 22 responsibility for a mistake or misdeed

23 helpful to others; having a friendly or generous nature or attitude

24 1)the state of being connected or related; 2) association by blood or marriage; kinship

25 to give help or support to (a person, cause, etc.) 26 dating from very long ago 27 responsibility for something that is wrong or

deserving censure , culpability 28 to give satisfaction, pleasure, or contentment to (a

person); make or cause (a person) to be glad 29 a relationship or association between things or people

30 a group of spectators or listeners, esp at a public

event such as a concert or play 31 to provide the necessities of life for (a family, person,

etc.) Task 4. Complete the sentences using the word from the list.

nervous support infamous audience connection please fault ancient assist relationship sympathetic typical sensitive popular blame ordinary

likeable bad-tempered sensible polite

1. The ________________ began clapping and cheering. 2. We have a good working __________________ with the managers. 3. This painting is fairly _________________ of his early work. 4. The government cannot escape _____________ for the state of the economy. 5. He who _______________ everybody died before he was born. 6. Mark has always been a friendly _______________ little boy, pleasant and friendly. 7. This job is turning me into a ____________________wreck. 8. This book is about the _________________ civilizations of Asia. 9. I think that's a very ___________________ suggestion. 10. Lara's very _________________ about her figure. 11. He was known for his ______________ behaviour. 12. He was known as a _______________, easily annoyed and made angry recluse. 13. His statement had no ______________ with anything that had gone before. 14. The new taxes came as a shock to _______________ Americans. 15. You're not being very________________ towards Joan. 16. I was employed to ____________ the manager with his duties. 17. She needs a high income to ______________ such a large family. 18. She failed the test but it was her own ____________, she didn't do any work. 19. It's not _______________ to talk with your mouth full. 20. Video games are very ______________ with children.

Task 5. Fill in the gaps. Guess the word by the first letter. 1. His silly jokes offended many people in the a___________________. 2. The police are interviewing two men in c_______________ with the robbery. 3. She was determined to e_________________ herself at the party, even though her ex-boyfriend would be there. 4. Life has been very k___________ to me. 5. The murderer's identity remains u___________________. 6. Mark's a hard one to p_________________. 7. That photo makes me look a________________! 8. The next time Robbie saw Mrs Dawes he thought she had grown very o______. 9. A g____________ of animal rights activists claimed responsibility for the bomb. 10. I thought the paintings were pretty o_____________________. 11. They chose a spot c______________ to the river for their picnic. 12. It's not my f_______________ that the brakes didn't work properly. 13. They obviously enjoy each other's c_______________. 14. Gina was her u_______________ cheerful self. 15. What kind of r___________________ does she have with her mother? 16. Bob was standing n____________ enough to hear what they said. 17. What p________________ well-behaved children! 18. Surely it would be s_________________ to get a second opinion. 19. It was t________________of him to get angry about it. 20. It’s difficult to s_________________ yourself on this salary. Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word. 1. They had no maps to (помочь) __________________ them. 2. Come now, be (разумный) ____________________. 3. Please (поддержите) __________________ your local theatre, buy some tickets today! 4. She was in panic to know that they were (пользующиеся дурной славой, печально известные, пресловутые) _______________ gangsters. 5. All his (близкие) ___________________ relatives live in Japan. 6. His statement had no (связь) _________________ with anything that had gone before. 7. What's the (отношение; взаимосвязь) _____________________ between temperature and humidity? 8. Don't be so (чувствительный) _________________ I wasn't criticizing you! 9. The other driver kept trying to put the (вина) _______________ on me. 10. This film is unsuitable for people of a (нервный) ______________disposition. 11. He was a (с отвратительным характером) __________________, angry and irritable person. 12. (Неизвестные) __________________ to the general public, peace negotiations were already taking place. 13. The show attracts a regular (аудитория, зрители)__________________ of about 20 million.

14. There is a group in the party (сочувствующая) ________________ towards our aims. 15. I only got married to (доставить удовольствие) __________________ my parents. 16. It's not my (вина) ________________that the brakes didn't work properly. 17. A vast (толпа) _______________ had assembled in the main square. 18. This is hardly the subject of (вежливый) _______________conversation. 19. Before he became a boss he was much friendlier and most (симпатичный) __________________ person. 20. Jim was not in the (обычный) ___________________way a romantic, but he decided to bring Joanna some roses. PHRSAL VERBS (p. 60) Task 7. Match the phrasal verbs with their definition. 1 ask after A fall in love with 2 bring up B become older 3 fall for C admire and respect 4 fall out with D die 5 get on with E criticize, make sb feel stupid 6 grow up F to be very surprised or shocked by something 7 look down on G 1) to make or become quiet 2) to adopt a routine way

of life, take up a permanent post, etc., especially after marriage

8 look up to H to select (someone) for something unpleasant, especially in order to bully, blame, etc; to treat someone badly

9 make up I not to respect; think that you are better than … 10 pass away J have a good relationship 11 pick on K ask for news about … 12 put down L to support, side with, or defend 13 settle down M look after a child until (s)he becomes adult 14 stand up for N become friends again after quarreling 15 to be taken

aback O stop being friends; quarrel with sb

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Task 8. Translate the following phrasal verbs into Russian. 1 ask after 2 bring up 3 fall for 4 fall out with 5 get on with

6 grow up 7 look down on 8 look up to 9 make up 10 pass away 11 pick on sb 12 put down 13 settle down 14 stand up for 15 take aback Task 9. Fill in prepositions. 1. Stand ____ _______ your rights. 2. I never fall _____ guys with ear-rings. 3. The way he looks ________ on other people annoys me. 4. For a moment, I was completely taken ________ by her request. 5. I know she asked my friend __________ me. 6. He was surprised to find out how quickly his son had grown ________. 7. Unfortunately, I do not get ______ _______ my cousin. 8. I have always wanted to have a girl friend I could look _____ ______. 9. Nobody knew when the poor man had passed _________ and where his grave was. 10. He has a knack (gift) of falling _________ with everyone. 11. I and my brother were brought ______ in the hard way and we weren’t encouraged to whine. 12. Please, stop putting me _______ all the time! 13. Stop picking ______ me! 14. He settled _________ in a quiet village far from the hustle and bustle of big a city. 15. They quarreled but later made ________. Task 10. Fill in a verb in the right form. 1. Do you ________ on with your relatives? 2. When he __________ up, he will become an outstanding athlete. 3. ___________ on somebody your own size 4. She was a trifle ______________ aback at his remark. 5. It’s not the right time to ___________ out with our neighbours. 6. Some men often ___________ for women with blond hair. 7. Her husband didn’t use to ____________ up for her. 8. I’m sorry to hear that your grandfather ___________ away. 9. A snob is a person who ___________ down on other people. 10. He ___________ after her mother when he saw her yesterday. 11. Come on, let's ______________ it up. I hate quarreling with you. 12. She was _______________ down for the way she dressed. 13. The new little blond girl obviously ______________ up to him. 14. It is not easy to______________ up children nowadays.

15. I could not find a place to _________________ down. Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb in the right form. 1. She (cared and trained) __________________ her children by herself. 2. She's always (treating me badly) _________________________ me. 3. She watched him to (become matured) ______________________. 4. At last my old friend (married and lived quietly) _________________ in London. 5. I (have a good relationship) _________________________ my parents. 6. I’ve always (respected and admired) ___________________ my elder brother because he never gives up. 7. At the hospital Mr Brown (made inquiries about the health) ________________ the health of his friend’s mother. 8. You should (become friends again) __________________ at once 9. I know that my best friend will always (support) ____________________ me. 10. They (criticise me) ____________________ as a fool. 11. He was going to (fall in love with) __________________ her 12. He thinks that he is the brightest student and (contempts) _________________ his group mates. 13. She was completely (astonished) ______________________. 14. The old man (died) _____________________ peacefully in his sleep. 15. Try not to (quarrel) ________________________ your classmates. Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions. 1 1) to make or become quiet 2) to adopt a routine way of

life, take up a permanent post, etc., especially after marriage

2 to support, side with, or defend 3 to be very surprised or shocked by something 4 ask for news about … 5 look after a child until (s)he becomes adult 6 fall in love with 7 to select (someone) for something unpleasant, especially

in order to bully, blame, etc; to treat someone badly 8 criticize, make sb feel stupid 9 become friends again after quarreling 10 stop being friends; quarrel with sb 11 admire and respect 12 stop being friends; quarrel with sb 13 have a good relationship 14 become older 15 not to respect; think that you are better than …

PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p. 60) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition or word. 1. She often has an argument ___________ her mother _________ the clothes to wear. 2. One should ______________ the courage to make a clean breast of the crime. 3. I’ve always dreamed ________ becoming a pilot. 4. A(n) ___________ family is a social unit that contains the nuclear family together with blood relatives. 5. I hope I will meet _____________ her approval to buy this cottage. 6. Would you care _____________ some tea? 7. The police could not catch the thief as he was disguised ________a clown. 8. Take care _________ the dog. It bites! 9. He doesn’t care ________________ all these problems. 10. Did you sleep well? What did you dream _____________? 11. A _______________ family a primary social unit consisting of parents and their offspring. 12. I am all ________ favour __________ the smoking ban. 13. I do not _____________ friends easily. 14. I am not _________ the mood ___________ reading now. 15. _________ me a favour - turn the radio down, will you? 16. __________ pity ______ me and help me! 17. She _______________ a promise to write every week. Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word.

1. We received her ____________________ of our plan.

2. She went to the party disguised ___________ a princess.

3. I wouldn't dream ____________ climbing this rock.

4. Will you ____________ me a favour?

5. Don't you _____________ about losing your job?

6. Do you care ____________ modern music?

7. I dreamed _______________ my old home last night.

8. They _____________ their promise that the debt would be repaid promptly.

9. It is a great ______________ we should not be friends.

10. I ___________ a heated argument with him about politics.

had of care about pity approval do for as kept

WORD PATTERNS (p. 60) Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1. The town relies _________ the seasonal tourist industry for jobs. 2. Many economists objected ________ new taxes. 3. A person's worth is quite independent _______ their usefulness to society. 4. The loss of money forced her ___________ selling her house. 5. He managed to convince the jury _________ his innocence. 6. I don't approve _________ his staying at their place. 7. He agreed __________ my plan. 8. He agreed ____________ neither side. 9. We've agreed _________ Spain for our holiday next year. 1. The miners are asking ____________ another increase in pay.

Task 16. Match to make sentences. 1 He can always rely A from other people’s opinions. 2 The children pretended B smoking in there! 3 The customers objected C to do it in order to please his

mother. 4 He has always wanted to be

independent D to go to the park.

5 We were able to convince the students

E roam around.

6 I just wish they would ban F feeding the animals in the zoo. 7 We allowed the children G to high prices. 8 John agreed H for spoiling the view of the city. 9 She asked me politely I of the need for wider reading. 10 She lets him J on his parents’ support. 11 They don't allow K for the book. 12 The architects were attacked L to be cowboys.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

WORD FORMATION (p. 60) Task 17. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb 1)__________ 1) __________

1) kind 2) unkind

_______________

1) ___________ 2) __________ 2) relative

_____________

relative

_______________

1) __________ 2) __________

1) __________ 2) impersonal

1) personally 2) __________

1) obedience 2) __________

1) __________ 2) ___________

1) obedient 2) __________

1) __________ 2) _________

_______________

achieve

argument ______________

______________ ____________

correspond 1) ability 2) __________ 3) __________

1) __________ 2) __________ 3) __________

care

____________

1) __________ 2) __________ 3) __________ 4) uncaring

1) carefully 2) carelessly

1) __________ 2) friendliness 3) __________

1) __________ 2) __________

friendlily

1) __________ 2) __________

1) happy 2) __________

1) __________ 2) __________

_______________

______________ jealously

______________

marry 1) __________ 2) __________

1) nerve 2) __________

_____________

______________

Task 18. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold. 1 Unfortunately, she is …………………. to work today. able 2 It was a great …………………. that a month later a global

agreement was reached achieve

3 She presented a convincing ……………….. against the proposal.

argue

4 It was …………………… of you to leave the door unlocked.

care

5 In African languages there is a close ……………….. between sounds and letters.

correspond

6 He was overwhelmed with the feeling of ………………... happy 7 Her success arose his …………………….. jealously 8 I have a good ………………….. with my brother. relate 9 He was punished for his ……………………... obey 10 He possessed a strong, capacious, …………………. mind. argument REVISION Task 19. Translate into English. 1 поссориться 2 осесть 3 увлекаться (любить) 4 расти 5 помириться 6 одобрять что-л. 7 проиграть спор 8 заботиться о … 9 любить, хотеть 10 иметь мужество сделать что-л. 11 мечтать о … 12 подружиться с кем-л. 13 влюбиться в кого-л. 14 договариваться о чём-л. 15 соглашаться с … 16 прийти к соглашению 17 возражать против 18 переодетый 19 оказать кому-л. любезность 20 нарушить обещание

UNIT 12 • The Law and Crime TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 72) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A) 1 proof (n) A if the police arrest someone, they take that person

to a police station because they think that he or she has committed a crime

2 evidence (n)

B to believe that something is true

3 suspect (v) C facts, statements or objects that help to prove whether someone has committed a crime

4 arrest (v) D someone who is accused of a crime in a court of law

5 charge (v) E a statement that explains what you can or cannot do in a particular situation

6 suspect (n) F to fail to obey a rule or law 7 accused (n) G a group of members of the public who decide

whether someone is guilty in a court case 8 decision (n) H information or evidence that shows that something

is definitely true 9 verdict (n) I the system of rules that must be obeyed in society 10 commit (v) J something that you are morally or legally allowed

to do or have 11 break (v) K a choice that you make after you have thought

carefully about something 12 rule (n) L to accuse someone of committing a crime 13 law (n) M someone who might have committed a crime 14 justice (n) N to do something that is illegal or morally wrong 15 right (n) O an official judgment made in a court 16 judge (n) P treatment of people that is fair and morally right 17 jury(n) Q someone whose job is to make decisions in a court

of law

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

B) 1 prosecute(v) A punishment that consists of hitting someone 2 persecute (v)

B someone who enters a building illegally in order to

steal things 3 capital

punishment (n) C to put someone in a prison, or to keep them in

a place that they cannot escape from 4 corporal

punishment (n) D someone who sees an event happen, but who is not

directly involved in it 5 robber (n) E if a judge sentences someone, they officially say

what that person's punishment will be

6 burglar (n)

F to officially accuse someone of a crime and ask a court of law to judge them

7 thief (n) G someone who is noisy or violent in public places 8 vandal (n) H not guilty of a crime or anything bad 9 hooligan (n) I someone who steals money or property 10 sentence (v) J someone whose profession is to provide people

with legal advice and services 11 imprison (v)

K someone who steals something

12 innocent (adj) L someone who sees a crime, accident or other event happen

13 guilty (adj) M someone who is guilty has committed a crime or has done something wrong

14 witness (n) N the punishment of legally killing someone who has committed a serious crime

15 bystander (n) O someone who deliberately damages or destroys things, especially public property

16 lawyer (n) P in the UK, a lawyer who gives legal advice, writes legal contracts, and represents people in the lower courts of law

17 solicitor (n) Q to treat someone very badly because of their race, religion or political beliefs

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

Task 2. Translate the following words. proof (n) evidence (n) suspect (v) arrest (v) charge (v) suspect (n) accused (n) decision (n) verdict (n) commit (v) break (v) rule (n) law (n) justice (n) right (n) judge (n) jury(n) prosecute(v) persecute (v) robber (n) corporal punishment (n)

capital punishment (n)

burglar (n) thief (n) vandal (n) hooligan (n) sentence (v) imprison (v) innocent (adj) guilty (adj) witness (n) bystander (n lawyer (n) solicitor (n)

Task 3. Guess the words. A) 1 the system of rules that must be obeyed in society 2 to fail to obey a rule or law 3 something that you are morally or legally allowed to do

or have 4 to do something that is illegal or morally wrong 5 an official judgment made in a court 6 to accuse someone of committing a crime 7 if the police arrest someone, they take that person to a

police station because they think that he or she has committed a crime

8 the punishment of legally killing someone who has committed a serious crime

9 punishment that consists of hitting someone 10 someone who steals money or property 11 someone who enters a building illegally in order to steal

things 12 someone who steals something 13 someone who deliberately damages or destroys things,

especially public property 14 someone who is noisy or violent in public places 15 if a judge sentences someone, they officially say what

that person's punishment will be 16 to put someone in a prison, or to keep them in a place

that they cannot escape from 17 not guilty of a crime or anything bad 18 someone who is guilty has committed a crime or has

done something wrong 19 someone whose job is to make decisions in a court of law 20 a group of members of the public who decide whether

someone is guilty in a court case B) 1 to officially accuse someone of a crime and ask a

court of law to judge them 2 treatment of people that is fair and morally right 3 to treat someone very badly because of their race,

religion or political beliefs 4 information or evidence that shows that something is

definitely true 5 in the UK, a lawyer wno gives legal advice, writes

legal contracts, and represents people in the lower courts of law

6 to believe that something is true 7 someone who sees a crime, accident or other event

happen

8 someone who sees an event happen, but who is not directly involved in it:

9 facts, statements or objects that help to prove whether someone has committed a crime

10 someone who might have committed a crime 11 someone who is accused of a crime in a court of law 12 a choice that you make after you have thought

carefully about something 13 a statement that explains what you can or cannot do

in a particular situation Task 4.Complete the sentences using the correct form of the word from the list. You may need to use one word more than once. A)

proof evidence suspect arrest charge accused decision verdict commit break rule law justice

1. Dwayne has been _____________ for drunk driving again. 2. Athough they were in the area on the day of the robbery, no one

_________them. 3. He was the only person in the room when the money disappeared - what more

___________________ do you want? 4. The man they arrested last night has been _____________ with murder. 5. They're ________ the law by employing such young children 6. The __________, Dorothy Jackson, was being held in the Tarrant County Jail. 7. We finally came to a firm __________ on the matter. 8. The judge will hand down a _____________ in January, the newspaper

reported. 9. It's up to the courts to uphold __________ - you can't take the law into your

own hands. 10. Detectives believe that the crime was ____________ at around 7.30 pm. 11. 32-year-old man from London is the prime __________ in the murder

investigation. 12. The ___________ are less strict in the local county court. 13. People have been looking for ____________ of life on other planets for years. 14. It's against the _____________ to be drunk in public. B)

right judge jury prosecute persecute corporal punishment robber

burglar thief vandal hooligan sentence imprison innocent guilty witness bystander

1. The ______________ sentenced her to ninety days in prison. 2. You had no _____________ to take money from my purse! 3. Countries all over Europe have ____________ gypsies for centuries. 4. It stood unused for some time and was burnt down by _________ in 1970. 5. The ____________ was made up of seven women and five men. 6. Police believe the ___________ got in through the kitchen window.

7. ___________ took a marble statue from the church sometime last night. 8. The priest had been ____________ for preaching the gospel. 9. The court found him ____________ and he was released. 10. A 23-year-old woman was found ___________ of murder in the Central

Court today. 11. In court, a __________ said he had seen O'Grady hit the woman in the face. 12. Several innocent ___________ were killed by the blast. 13. The guilty were each given a life ______________. 14. Armed ____________ broke into the shop and demanded money from the

till. 15. Football _____________ caused over £30,000 of damage in bars and

restaurants near the stadium 16. In 1987, California prohibited ______________ in schools. 17. Shoplifters will be ____________. 18. 60 prisoners have been ________________ to death.

Task 5. Fill in the gaps. A)

1. Prosecutors believe they have enough e_________ to convict Smith. 2. The police knew she was guilty, but they had no p__________. 3. As we s____________, there is a problem with the braking system, and it

will be replaced. 4. The judge asked the jury if they found the accused g_______ or not g____. 5. My d________ to leave school when I was only 15 was the worst mistake I

ever made. 6. The foreman read the v_________ of guilty fourteen times, one for each

defendant. 7. If you break the r______ you will be punished 8. Nine men were a______ in drug raids on Saturday. 9. Japan has very strict l_____ against guns and drugs. 10. The j_____ dismissed their claim for compensation. 11. They're going to c_____ him with dangerous driving. 12. The murder s________ will be charged soon. 13. The j_______ found him guilty of murdering three people. 14. It is clear that "liberty and j______ for all" is still a goal rather than a reality. 15. He has no r_______ to speak to me like that!

B) 1. 79-year-old man was struck with a hammer by a b________ who broke into

his home. 2. If you break the r_________, it just spoils the whole game. 3. It now seems likely that Mason was sent to prison for an offence he never

c______________. 4. The r____________ opened the strongroom and packed the cash into bags. 5. Duke said he was being p____________ by hostile media. 6. Warning! Car t____________ are operating in this area. 7. Brown will be s___________ for a series of murders. 8. No one has yet been p___________ in connection with the murder. 9. His father was attacked by a gang of h___________ in a back street.

10. Two of the boys have been i__________ for theft. 11. Under criminal law people are presumed i______ until proved g________. 12. Any w___________ to the incident are asked to contact Berkeley police. 13. As they fled, two men were wounded as the attackers fired at b__________.

Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word.

A) 1. The evidence (доказывает) _____________ clearly and beyond a

reasonable doubt that the defendant is guilty. 2. You'll need your passport as (доказательство)________ of identity 3. The jury's not guilty (вердикт) ________ was criticized all over the country. 4. Refugees are accorded special protection under international (право) ______ 5. You have to follow the (правила) ______ precisely in order to lose weight

fast 6. Twelve people involved in the demonstration have been (арестованы)

_______ and charged. 7. Many people no longer have confidence in the criminal (справедливость)

_______ system. 8. Police (арестовать)___________ 26 demonstrators 9. The (свидетель) ________ told the court that she had never seen either of

the accused before. B)

1. The police now have another name to add to their list of (подозреваемых) ________.

2. Most violent crimes are (совершаются) ________by young men under the age of 25.

3. Do you ever wonder if you made the right (решение) ________? 4. The (свидетель) ________was asked to identify the defendant in the

courtroom. 5. In most cases the (воры, угонщики) ________ looked for cars which had

been left with bags or other valuables clearly visible. 6. A High Court (судья) ________found him (невиновным) _______. 7. The (присяжные) _______ returned its verdict after five hours’ discussion. 8. The jury found Sewell (виновным) ________ and he was sent to prison. 9. The government (заключило под стажу) ________ all opposition leaders. 10. Human (права) _______ advocates say racial minorities continue to be

(преследовать) _________ 11. Some countries will (приговорить) ________ you to seven or more years in

prison for drug offences.

Task 7. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb prove evidence (n)

suspect 1) 2)

accuse

decision commit 1) 2)

break

1) law 2) 3)

1) justice 2)

1) judge 2)

1) 2)

prosecute

1) 2)

rob

1) burglar 2)

1) thief 2)

1) vandal 2)

sentence imprison innocent guilty witness Task 8. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold. 1 I was impressed by the energy and _________ shown

by the players commit

2 Four men were arrested for their ____________ roles in the bombing.

suspect

3 Most of the public phones have been ____________. vandal 4 This country needs strong, ____________ leadership. decide 5 It was clearly _________ that the company was in

financial difficulties. evidence

6 John is a very ___________ student. commit 7 Walters could face _________ for his role in the

robbery. prosecute

8 A number of serious __________ have been made against her.

accuse

9 Protesters must only use ________ methods of opposing the government.

law

10 Call the police - there's been a _________. burglar 11 They were sentenced to 6 years' _____________. imprison 12 It's too soon to make a ______ about what the outcome

will be. judge

13 A wide-tooth comb reduces _________ of hair break 14 Three men were _________ with attempted theft. charge 15 Ministers must appear before parliament and ________

their actions. just

16 Lawyers are trying to _______ their client's innocence. proof PHRASAL VERBS (p. 72)

Task 9. Learn the phrasal verbs and their translation.

1 back down отступать, уступать (в споре) 2 break out of сбежать 3 bring in вводить, внедрять, устанавливать, вносить

(законопроект, предложение) 4 chase after гнаться, преследовать 5 come forward откликаться, предлагать к рассмотрению 6 get a way with выйти из трудного положения, выйти

сухим из воды 7 go off взрываться

8 hand in подавать

9 hold up останавливать, задерживать 10 let off выстрелить, выпалить, отпустить без

наказания 11 look into рассматривать, расследовать 12 make off сбежать 13 take down записать чьи то слова 14 take in обмануть

Task 10. Match the phrasal verbs with their definition.

1 back down A investigate

2 break out of B to give something to a person in authority

3 bring in C to explode or be fired

4 chase after D escape from prison

5 come forward E to offer help or information

6 get away with F to leave quickly, especially after doing something wrong, to escape

7 go off G to trick someone into believing something that is not true

8 hand in H to introduce a new law or system 2.to say officially in a law court whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime

9 hold up I follow sb quickly in order to catch them

10 let off J to stop asking for something, or stop saying that you will do something, because a lot of people oppose you

11 look into K to manage to do something bad without being punished or criticized for it

12 make off L to cause a delay or make someone late.2.to steal from a business, from a vehicle, or from people by threatening violence

13 take down M to give someone little or no punishment for something they did wrong. 2. to make something such as a bomb explode

14 take in N to write down information or a statement

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb.

1. I ______________ the robbers for more than a mile. 2. They have repeatedly broken the law and _____________ it. 3. Sorry I’m late, but my train was __________________. 4. I was ___________________ for speeding, but I was _________with a

warning.

5. Don’t be _______________ their promises. 6. She said the government would bring in the necessary legislation to

__________ the problem. 7. The gun _________________ while he was cleaning it. 8. Neither side will ______________ because both believe they are right. 9. I wrote a letter of complaint, and the airline have promised to ____________

the matter. 10. The kids _____________ when they heard us coming. 11. The police _____________ our addresses and phone numbers. 12. Six prisoners have _____________a top-security jail in Yorkshire. 13. The National Blood Service is anxious for more donors to

_______________. 14. Please __________________ your keys when you leave the hotel.

Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs with their definitions. 1 to leave quickly, especially after doing something

wrong, to escape 2 to write down information or a statement 3 1.to introduce a new law or system 2.to say officially

in a law court whether someone is guilty or not guilty of a crime

4 Investigate 5 to give something to a person in authority 6 to manage to do something bad without being

punished or criticized for it 7 1.to cause a delay or make someone late.2.to steal

from a business, from a vehicle, or from people by threatening violence

8 to offer help or information 9 Investigate 10 follow sb quickly in order to catch them. 11 to trick someone into believing something that is not

true 12 to stop asking for something, or stop saying that you

will do something, because a lot of people oppose you 13 1.to give someone little or no punishment for

something they did wrong. 2. to make something such as a bomb explode

Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate phrasal verb.

1. Don't be (believe sth that is not true) ______________ by products claiming to help you lose weight in a week. 2. Three men have (escape) _________ of a top security jail. 3. The jury was unable to (introduce) _____________ a verdict on the

remaining six defendants.

4. Police are (investigate) ____________ the disappearance of two children. 5. Police said that several people had (offered ) _____________ with

information about the attack. 6. They (give no punishment) _______her______ lightly because she’s only

sixteen. 7. The bomb (exploded) ___________ at 9.30 in the morning. 8. They (leave quickly) _______________ with our television and our stereo. 9. Can I just (write down) ____________some details ________? 10. Congress has (to stop asking) __________ on its demand for on an increase

in defense spending. 11. All essays must be (give) ________ by Tuesday. 12. And, indeed, plenty of military personnel are guilty of breaking laws and

(not to be punished) __________ it. 13. She got (delay) ______ at work. 14. A gang of boys (followed) ________________ her, calling her names.

PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p.72)

Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1. You can’t blame all your problems ____ your working class background. 2. A number of factors account _____the differences between the two scores. 3. The equipment has the additional advantage _____being easy to carry. 4. The hospital has launched an inquiry to find out who was to blame _____

the mistake. 5. When a marriage breaks up it is very hard to say who is ____ fault. 6. I’m sorry, I opened one of your letters _____ mistake. 7. She can’t work much ______ account of the children. 8. I had mistaken friendship _____ love. 9. You are not allowed to camp here ____ permission. 10. One reason ______ students should study a variety of subjects is to become

knowledgeable citizens. 11. We will deal with these problems _____ order _____ priority. 12. They think the fire was started _______ purpose. 13. ________ some reason or other, he couldn't come today. 14. It will be impossible to come ____ _____ the solution now. Let’s leave it till

tomorrow. 15. We can help you find a solution ______ all your financial problems.

Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct word.

1. Citizens are _______ the blame on the government for acting too late. 2. If you _____ inflation into account, we actually spend less now. 3. It’s demoralizing to work for someone who constantly _____ fault with you. 4. Many schools don’t ______ full advantage of the Internet. 5. Who ______ you permission to come in here? 6. Both sides are trying to______ a peaceful solution. 7. Why do I always ______ the blame for everything?

8. If you follow the easy step-by-step instructions, you really can't ____ wrong. 9. We _____ no intention of giving up. 10. She finally ______ permission to visit her husband in jail. 11. No damage had been ______, and we pushed the van back onto the road. 12. The management has to ____ part of the blame for recent failures. 13. The computer ______ the list in alphabetical order by last name. 14. It was a difficult equation, but it took her only five minutes to ______out the

solution. 15. Did you ____ that on purpose? 16. To treat people this way is the wrong thing to ____. 17. Don’t worry, it’s an easy mistake to _______.

WORD PATTERNS (p.72) Task16. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition or particle where necessary.

1. They caught a glimpse _____ a dark green car. 2. He was accused ___ murder. 3. We won't charge ____ delivery if you pay now. 4. Doctors claim to have discovered a cure ____ the disease. 5. She always told me exactly what she thought, and I respected her _____

that. 6. Large areas of the jungle are now threatened ___ destruction. 7. The government denied the existence _____ poverty among 16- and 17-

year-olds. 8. The singer denies ______ he copied the tune from an old Beatles song. 9. I've tried to forgive him _____what he said. 10. I got arrested _____ careless driving. 11. From the corner of my eye, I glimpsed ______ a man running out of the

store. 12. Most therapists are probably guilty ______ at least one of these faults at

some point in their career. 13. I have great respect _____ Tom's judgment. 14. Martin claimed ______he was with friends at the time of his wife's murder. 15. I was made ______ wait for over an hour. 16. She doubted _____this was where she wanted to be. 17. Mom made him _______wear a hat because of the wind.

Task 17. Match to make sentences. 1 He tried to persuade her A so don't try to deny it! 2 Doctors are sometimes

threatened with B but I still respect his opinion.

3 A former businessman has gone

C with robbing two Japanese tourists.

4 He was arrested D of his furrowed face smiling over innocent pleasantries.

5 She claims to be a descendent E there is no way they could have influenced events.

6 No one ever caught a glimpse F of Charles Dickens. 7 Parents feel guilty, even if G violence if they don't do what

patients want. 8 I totally disagree with him, H to come with him, but she

refused. 9 Police have charged a 22-

year-old man I on trial accused of a two

million pound investment fraud.

10 I saw you do it, J on suspicion of supplying drugs.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

WORD FORMATION (p.72) Task 18. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb 1) 2)

accuse

1) addiction 2)

1) 2)

1) 2)

convict

1) crime 2)

evidence 1) 2)

forge

1) 2)

1) honest 2)

1) 2)

1) investigator 2) 3)

1) law 2)

1) 2)

1) 2)

offend 1) 2) 3)

1) prison 2) 3)

1) prove 2)

1) 2)

1) security 2)

1) 2)

1) thief 2)

Task 19. Complete the sentences by changing the form of the word in bold. 1 It was a reasonable explanation, but his voice

lacked ________.convince

2 Some weight problems are caused by an _______ to sugar and fat.

addict

3 But even more __________ has been the growth of a new class of wealth.

evidence

4 A spokesman said the _________ against Mr Fallon would be investigated.

accuse

5 Many __________ refuse to go to treatment centers.

addiction

6 The couple was __________ in December. conviction 7 Three paintings now thought to be _________ are

included in the show forge

8 He needs to talk ___________ with Billie. honest 9 Cruelty to animals is a criminal ___________. offend 10 The police knew she was guilty, but they had no

_______ prove

11 The system will let consumers buy products _________ and quickly over the Internet.

security

12 _________, the local authority is planning to close the school.

evidence

13 Saudi Arabia controls a quarter of the world's ________oil supply.

prove

14 Protesters must only use ________ methods of opposing the government.

law

Task 20. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the words below. evident addict offend (2) prison thief conviction investigate 1. Golf can be _______ and time-consuming. 2. Fifty-two ________ began a hunger strike on November 30th. 3. His former girlfriend was called to give ______. 4. Prison officials are carrying out a full _______ after two prisoners escaped from

a prison vehicle. 5. Apparently some viewers found the show ______. 6. Johnson was sentenced to three years' ________ for causing a riot. 7. If your passport has been stolen, report the _______ to your nearest embassy

immediately. 8. Driving when drunk is a criminal ________.

Unit 14 • Health TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 84) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A) 1 disease A the way in which an event, action, or person

changes someone 2 clinic B to feel pain in part of your body

3 operation C to cause physical harm to something or to part of someone's body

4 damage D a lot of red spots on someone's skin, caused by an illness

5 surgery E medical treatment in which a surgeon cuts open your body to repair or remove something inside

6 rash F a disease of the body or mind, or the condition of being ill

7 prescription G the feeling you have when part of your body hurts

8 hurt H the process of cutting into someone's body to repair or remove a part that is damaged

9 effect I a piece of paper on which a doctor writes what medicine a sick person should have, so that they can get it from a pharmacist

10 illness J a place where medical treatment is given to people

11 remedy K the people who have been hurt

12 sore L an illness which affects a person, animal, or plant

13 injured M a part of your body that is painful, because of infection or because you have used a muscle too much:

14 recipe N having little fat on your body

15 pain O a set of instructions for cooking a particular type of food

16 thin P a medicine to cure an illness or pain that is not very serious

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

B) 1 slim A a large room in a hospital where people who need

medical treatment stay 2 healthy B something that happens or exists because of

something that happened before 3 examine C a piece of thin material that is stuck on to the skin

to cover a small wound

4 cure D a disease that affects a particular part of your body and is caused by bacteria or a virus

5 therapy E attractively thin

6 result F a medicine or medical treatment that makes an illness go away

7 infection G an amount of something, especially an illegal drug such as heroin, that you often use and badly want

8 plaster H the treatment of an illness or injury over a fairly long period of time

9 fit I someone who is fit is strong and healthy, especially because they exercise regularly

10 fix J look at your body to check that you are healthy

11 dose K physically strong and not likely to become ill or weak

12 investigate L a narrow piece of cloth that you tie around a wound or around a part of the body that has been injure

13 ward M an illness or a medical condition in which you have a very high temperature

14 fever N substances that make air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty

15 bandage O the amount of a medicine or a drug that you should take

16 pollution P to try to find out the truth about or the cause of something such as a crime, accident, or scientific problem

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Task 2. Translate the following words. disease slim clinic healthy operation examine damage cure surgery therapy rash result

prescription infection hurt plaster effect fit illness fix remedy dose sore investigate injured ward recipe fever pain bandage thin pollution Task 3. Guess the words. 1 something that happens or exists because of

something that happened before 2 having little fat on your body 3 look at your body to check that you are healthy 4 a medicine or medical treatment that makes an

illness go away 5 the treatment of an illness or injury over a fairly

long period of time 6 a narrow piece of cloth that you tie around a

wound or around a part of the body that has been injured

7 an amount of something, especially an illegal drug such as heroin, that you often use and badly want

8 a piece of thin material that is stuck on to the skin to cover a small wound

9 someone who is fit is strong and healthy, especially because they exercise regularly

10 the feeling you have when part of your body hurts

11 attractively thin 12 physically strong and not likely to become ill or

weak 13 a disease that affects a particular part of your

body and is caused by bacteria or a virus 14 the process of cutting into someone's body to

repair or remove a part that is 15 the amount of a medicine or a drug that you

should take 16 to try to find out the truth about or the cause of

something such as a crime, accident, or scientific problem

17 a large room in a hospital where people who need

medical treatment stay 18 medical treatment in which a surgeon cuts open

your body to repair or remove something inside 19 the people who have been hurt 20 to cause physical harm to something or to part of

someone's body 21 substances that make air, water, soil etc

dangerously dirty 22 an illness which affects a person, animal, or plant 23 a medicine to cure an illness or pain that is not

very serious 24 a place where medical treatment is given to

people 25 a disease of the body or mind, or the condition of

being ill

26 a lot of red spots on someone's skin, caused by an illness

27 an illness or a medical condition in which you have a very high temperature

28 a set of instructions for cooking a particular type of food

29 a piece of paper on which a doctor writes what medicine a sick person should have, so that they can get it from a pharmacist

30 to feel pain in part of your body 31 the way in which an event, action, or person

changes someone 32 a part of your body that is painful, because of

infection or because you have used a muscle too much

Task 4.Complete the sentences using the word from the list. You may need to use one word more than once. illnesses slim prescription remedies recipe damaged injured pains sore hurt cure surgery thin disease operation A) 1. Many of the_________ are still in a serious condition. 2. He told the doctor he was suffering from chest________. 3. We are trying to cut the price of _____________ drugs. 4. I tried some herbal ___________ such as drinking camomile tea, but none of

them worked. 5. Could you give me the___________ for that chocolate cake? 6. I had a ____________ throat and aching limbs. 7. I can't go running this week - I've__________ my foot.

8. As yet there's no known ___________ for the disease. 9. She required ____________ on her right knee. 10. Several recent events have __________ the government's public image. 11. She contracted the __________ while she was abroad on holiday. 12. He's tall and too __________ and wears glasses. 13. Mrs Ester was in her late thirties, about average height, with a __________

figure. 14. Ask the surgeon how many times he has performed the ___________ before,

and with what success. 15. Minor __________ such as colds are usually best left to get better by

themselves.

B) fit results rash examined pollution ward investigating effect dose

fever fix therapy clinic infection healthy

1. A full recovery will require years of physical ______________. 2. Cycling is a good way to keep _____________. 3. I'm going to the hospital tomorrow to have my knee __________ again. 4. Police are ____________ an explosion at the city store. 5. All of our kids have _____________ appetites. 6. ____________________ and overfishing have reduced the population of

coastal fish. 7. Any increase in fuel costs could have a bad ______________ on business. 8. Election __________ are not expected to be announced until Friday. 9. Andy has a _______________and won't be coming into work today. 10. If you don't clean the wound properly you could get an _________. 11. Never exceed the recommended__________ of painkillers. 12. The streets are filled with drug addicts looking for a __________. 13. She had a nasty ____________ on her arm. 14. Ellen decided to go to the family planning _________ for some advice. 15. And we spent all day in maternity___________.

Task 5. Fill in the gaps. A)

1. With my insurance, p_____________ cost a maximum of $5. 2. Salt water is a good home remedy for a s_______ throat. 3. His eyes looked red and s________, as if he had been rubbing them. 4. I had an o_________ on my knee last year. 5. She looked pale, t________, and unhealthy. 6. I can give you some tablets that will ease the symptoms, but they're not a

c_______. 7. I fell and banged my knee, and it really h_______. 8. The government has taken steps to halt the spread of the d________. 9. Firefighters had to cut off the roof of the car, so that the i________ man could

be lifted out. 10. I'm not a great cook, but I can follow a r________ pretty well. 11. Most childhood i____________ can now be easily prevented. 12. Smoking can seriously d__________ your health. 13. In college, Durban began to suffer from headaches and p______in his arms

and legs 14. She was tall, s________, blond, and really good-looking.

B) 1. The doctor e________ her, but didn't find anything wrong. 2. Gail was still recovering from the effects of her o_______ something 3. Don underwent months of physical t________ after the accident. 4. Her constant cough is the r________ of many years of smoking. 5. Rose was suffering from a throat i________ and could hardly talk. 6. Currently, there's a h______ climate for businesses. 7. I need my f_______ of caffeine in the morning or I can't think.

8. The commission will i_______ the cause of the accident, focusing especially on safety issues.

9. P_________ from cars is the main cause of global warming. 10. It has a 35-bed general w______ that in an emergency can be expanded to

600 beds. 11. Glassman is one of several doctors who volunteer at the inner-city

c_______. 12. I stay f______ by swimming for an hour each morning. 13. I woke up this morning with a f_______ and an upset stomach. 14. He was puzzled at first; his skin was generally clear, without r_________.

Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word.

1. Runners should not run while (травмированы) _________. 2. I've found a really great (рецепт) ________ for barbecue sauce. 3. You are (стройная) __________, and rather beautiful. 4. The (боль) _______ is getting worse. 5. Very likely physicians would not recommend running as a (средство)

________ for ill health. 6. The antibiotic ointment will prevent (заражение) _________. 7. The building had been severely (повреждено) _______ by fire. 8. Both of them noticed with shock how alarmingly (худая ) _______ she was,

frail to the point of vanishing 9. Eating plenty of fresh fruit and vegetables will help you to stay

(здоровой) ______. 10. She underwent a minor (операцию) _______ on her elbow in the

summer. 11. The FBI has been called in (расследовать) ________ the murder. 12. Prevention is far better than any (лечение) ______. 13. This child is clearly very disturbed emotionally and may require long-term

(терапию) ________. 14. She needed emergency (хирургическое вмешательство) _______ after the

accident. 15. All my efforts to persuade them were beginning to have an (действие)

_______. 16. Just because you're in your sixties doesn't mean you can't be physically (в форме) _________.

17. She died yesterday after a long (болезнь) __________. 18. The Harvey Clinic specializes in the (лечение) _______of alcohol-related

problems. 19. Her parents believe that her death was a direct (следствие ) ______of

medical error 20. (загрязнение ) __________levels are often dangerously high in large cities.

Task 7. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb 1) 2)

operate

damage 1) surgery 2)

1)

prescribe injure pain 1)

2) 3)

1) 2)

1) 2)

examine

1) cure 1) 2)

result 1) infect 1)

2)

1) 2)

investigate

1) 2)

pollute

Task 8. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold.

1 Hello, _________________? Could you put me through to Room 31?

operate

2 The course is aimed at trainees from all ________________specialties.

surgeon

3 If these don't work I may have to _________you something stronger.

prescription

4 Our insurance provides cover in the case of illness or ________________.

injure

5 The ___________ is simple and painless.

operate

6 This involves several days of ___________ work to ensure accurate alignment.

pain

7 Patients with _________ illnesses are brought to the hospice, where they are given the best possible care.

cure

8 Doctors say that the disease is most ___________ in the first twenty-four hours.

infection

9 A team of special ____________ have gone to the scene of the explosion.

investigate

10 New regulations will reduce hazardous air _____________.

pollute

PHRASAL VERBS (p. 84) Task 9. Match the phrasal verbs with their definition. 1 break out A to reduce the amount of something: 2 bring on B to make something bad or unpleasant happen 3 come down with C to get an illness 4 come round /to D to become conscious again after you have been

unconscious: 5 cut down on E to stop doing something, especially something

that you do regularly 6 feel up to F to take care of someone by helping them,

giving them what they need, or keeping them safe

7 get over G to stay alive after you have been very ill or badly injured, or to help someone do this:

8 give up H start to happen 9 look after I to become unconscious 10 pass out J to become fatter and heavier 11 pull through K to have the strength, energy etc to do

something

12 put down L gradually stop being effective

13 put on weight M to kill an animal without causing it pain, usually because it is old or sick

14 wear off N to become well again after an illness 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Task 10. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb. 1. I was still living in London when the war ___________. 2. Darren has decided to _________ football at the end of this season. 3. I think I'm ___________ with a cold. 4. It's taken me ages to _________ the flu. 5. We had to have the dog_________. 6. I just didn't ____________ going. 7. Stress can _____________ an asthma attack. 8. Don't worry, I'll _________ the kids tomorrow. 9. Rosie's _____________ five kilos since she quit smoking. 10. I nearly ___________ when I saw all the blood. 11. His injuries are severe but he's expected to ___________. 12. When he ____________, he was lying on the floor with his hands tied behind his back. 13. I searched for her last night so that she could __________ you.

14. The effects of the aesthetic were starting to _____________. Task 11. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions. 1

to become well again after an illness

2

to make something bad or unpleasant happen

3

to become unconscious

4

gradually stop being effective

5 to kill an animal without causing it pain, usually because it is old or sick

6

start to happen:

7

to get an illness

8 to stay alive after you have been very ill or badly injured, or to help someone do this:

9

to reduce the amount of something

10 to have the strength, energy etc to do something

11 to become conscious again after you have been unconscious:

12 to stop doing something, especially something that you do regularly

13 to take care of someone by helping them, giving them what they need, or keeping them safe

14

to become fatter and heavier

Task 12. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate phrasal verb. 1. Does everyone know what to do if a fire (stats) _________? 2. What's ______this _________ (make sth bad happen)? Have I upset you

somehow? 3. She (stopped) _______ her job and started writing poetry. 4. Susan (took care) _______us very well. She's an excellent cook. 5. Fighting (started) ___________ between demonstrators and the police. 6. She told me so; told me he (took care) ______ her when no one else did. 7. I think the poor guy (died) _______. It looks like he's had a lot to drink. 8. It was funny for a while but the novelty soon (stopped being

effective)_________. 9. She never (recovered) ___________ the death of her son.

PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p. 84) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1. The refugees believe that their lives are ______ danger. 2. The land here isn't any good ______ agricultural crops. 3. I don't want to put you _____ danger. 4. Help came _____ the shape of a $10,000 loan from his parents. 5. The fire quickly spread ______ several nearby factories. 6. The patient is now ____ _____ danger. 7. I've got to get _____ shape before summer. 8. A single tractor was slowly spreading fertilizer _______ a huge wheat field. 9. She's bought an exercise bike to stay ______ shape.

10. The bridge was _____ danger ______collapsing. Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word.

1. The bridge was in _________ of collapsing. 2. Do not say that something is '________ for health' or '_____ for health'. Say

that it is _____ for your health or _____ for your health. 3. Mrs. Wilson, I'm going to give you a(n) ___________ to help you relax. 4. Revolution quickly _______ from France to Italy. 5. She knocked over her glass and a dark pool of wine _________ over the

tablecloth. 6. The cancer had _______ to her liver. 7. ______ the nut mixture evenly over the bottom. 8. A bit more exercise would _____ you good. 9. I don't want to put you in ________.

WORD PATTERNS (p.84) Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition or particle where necessary.

1. Many thousands have benefited _____ the new treatment. 2. By the time he was 16, he was addicted _____ heroin. 3. The drug is injected directly ______ the base of the spine. 4. All my attempts ______get the machine working failed miserably. 5. It's unlikely _______ the thieves will be caught. 6. Dewey had been _____ hospital for several weeks suffering ____ malaria. 7. They decided they would try______ living in America ______ a while. 8. It can be risky _____ operate _____ very old people. 9. A lot of the small towns in the area are definitely worth______visiting. 10. Many patients need_____ continuing care or rehabilitation. 11. Children who live in the country's rural areas are very likely ___be poor.

12. Do you still need volunteers ____ help clean up after the party? 13. He suffered______ head injuries _______ the crash. 14. I'm tired ______ watching television; let's go ______ a walk. 15. He constantly complains ______ how he's treated _______work. 16. There's no need ______ you to come if you don't want to. 17. Degree ______ English could lead _______ a career _____ journalism. 18. We're just beginning to see the benefits _______ all our hard work. 19. Some buildings damaged ______the earthquake are still ____ need _____

repair. 20. She feared she wouldn't be able ____ cope _____ two new babies.

Task 16. Match to make sentences. 1 I tried to give up

smoking several times A of money into the venture..

2 It was a deliberate attempt

B with the problems of homelessness.

3 Critics argue that the companies

C the police had anything to do with it.

4 I hope that there will be real benefit.

D .will only benefit from tax cuts nation

5 Their neighbours complained about

E in the apartment at the time of the crime.

6 Local authorities have to cope

F in need of money, food, and clothing.

7 Hastings Corporation has injected huge amounts

G of the taken decision to the whole

8 Our research led us

H ill health at the moment.

9 The jury is very likely to believe he was

I to mislead the voters.

10 I think it's unlikely that.

J for you to lose so much weight in such a short time.

11 It must have needed a great deal of self-discipline

K need watering once a week.

12 Don't forget, the plants L their constant loud music. 13 The project helps those

who are M planning your essays in rough before

you start writing. 14 There's no need. N before I realized I was addicted 15 They need to operate O all her negative remarks. 16 Mary's suffering from P to the conclusion that the present

system is unfair. 17 A man who suffered

serious brain damage during an operation

Q on her stomach

18 I was getting tired of R to feel sorry for him

19 I think you should try S worth seeing 20 The film is well. T is suing the hospital. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

WORD FORMATION (p. 84) Task 17. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb allergy 1) aware

2)

benefit 1) 2)

1) comfortable 2)

1) 2)

emphasize 1) fit

2)

injection 1) injury 2)

injure

1) operation 2) 3) 4)

1) 2)

1) 2)

1) poison 2)

recover strong 1) surgery 2)

treat Task 18. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold.

1. People with _______ and other respiratory and heart ailments may be more seriously affected.

allergic

2. Julian travelled with Caribbean Connection, the UK 's leading Caribbean tour _________________.

3.

operate

4. Health officials have tried to raise ________about AIDS.

aware

5. The house was _________ for human habitation.

fitness

6. A cushion will help ease the _________of sitting on the floor.

comfortable

7. The ___________ include full medical cover when traveling abroad.

benefit

8. The relationship between the two companies has been mutually ___________.

benefit

9. She was no longer __________of the people around her, only of herself and the storm.

awareness

10. You can even be _________ to the sun.

allergic

11. The report __________ the importance of improving safety standards.

emphatic

12. The mosquitoes aren't too bad here, so you should be able to sleep ___________.

comfort

13. Bills completed by 1980 laid special _________ on recycling and energy conversion.

emphatic

14. After he became rich, he lived a life of idleness and _________.

comfortable

15. With difficulty, she rolled her body into a more ___________ position.

comfort

16. A drug that is _________ reaches the brain faster than if it is smoked or sniffed.

injection

17. Join a health club to improve your _________.

fit

18. He suffered serious _______in the car crash, and died on the way to hospital.

injure

19. I can not believe that you were quite _______ of my growing affection for you.

aware

20. Dad ________ his back lifting some heavy boxes.

injury

21. Dale's answer was an _________ "No!"

emphasize

22. The administration is willing to _________ and work toward peace.

cooperation

23. It can be risky to _________ on very old people.

operator

24. The poor man had two major _________ in two weeks.

operator

25. A study was undertaken in _______ with oil companies.

cooperative

26. George arrived at the hospital just as Jack was being taken into the emergency _________ room.

operator

27. She was taken to hospital with serious head ________.

injure

28. Mrs. Wilson, I'm going to give you an __________ to inject

help you relax. 29. A _________ waiter helped us to order from the huge

menu. operator

30. Nationalism is a _________ that has caused much suffering.

poisoned

31. Citizens demanded that the mayor apologize for his __________ racist comments.

poisoned

32. There was no evidence of ________ in the death of John Wallace.

poisoned

33. Doctors say she will _________ quickly.

cover

34. Doctors expect him to make a full ________.

cover

35. Governments cannot ignore the _________ of public opinion.

strong

36. The university hopes to __________ its ties with the local community.

strong

37. I'm )__________opposed to capital punishment.

strong

38. Before undergoing ________, patients should discuss the various options with their doctor.

surgical

39. A famous brain ________ from Boston performed the operation.

surgical

40. With ________ precision he cut four inches off the legs of the jeans.

surgery

41. She was given emergency _______ by paramedics.

treat

Task 19. Fill in the gaps with the words below. A)

Injection emphatic inject emphasized injure beneficial emphasis allergy aware unfit fitness comfort uncomfortable discomfort

allergic unaware 1. Cardiff recorded two_____victories in 24 hours 2. Are there ideal cats for________ sufferers? 3. The disease causes acute physical __________. 4. You might not mind fur on blankets and bedspreads, but the next guest could be

___________ to animals. 5. Emily goes to a women's group for _________ emotional support. 6. Jim always felt _________ on such formal occasions. 7. I have to___________ myself with insulin. 8. The ________ will be on real situations and emotional support., real problems

and real solutions. 9. My teacher always __________ the importance of studying hard. 10. They were well _______ that the company was losing money. 11. She was totally ________ that she was being watched.

12. Many elderly people ________ themselves in their own homes, for example by slipping in the bath.

13. The doctor had told her that she was ________ to travel, but she went to Rome anyway.

14. There is no evidence that the diet pills have any_______ effect on weight loss. 15. Greater levels of___________ and better team organisation are two of the more

obvious modern achievements. 16. The only sure treatment is antibiotics, preferably by ________. B) operation poison strength injury poisonous operation cooperative recovery treatment injuries strengthen surgeon cooperate strongly co-operation 1. Our insurance provides cover in the case of illness or _______. 2. We understand the________ of feeling against the proposal. 3. He suffered horrific _________ in the attack. 4. The first indications were that the life-saving ___________ had gone well. 5. The president said that Mexico would continue to ________ with the US in the

fight against drugs. 6. Car companies have started several __________ ventures. 7. Before taking action you are ___________ recommended to consult an

accountant. 8. Burglar alarm companies claim they work in close ___________ with

the police. 9. Although I was the boss's daughter, I didn't get preferential ________. 10. The child was rushed to the hospital after eating rat __________. 11. Many of our rivers are full of ___________ chemicals. 12. He never really recovered from the __________. 13. Hopes of economic _________ are fading. 14. I've started swimming to _________ my upper body. 15. The __________ told reporters that Sara was making good progress after the

heart transplant.

Unit 16 ● Food and drink TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 100) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A)

1 chop (v) A someone who cooks food either for pleasure or as their job

2 slice (v) B to cook bread, pastry, etc., in an oven 3 grate (v) C a cooking unit having parallel metal bars or

wires on which to cook meat or fish 4 bake (v) D a meal eaten during the middle of the day 5 grill (v) E the main meal of the day 6 fry (v) F to cut sth (food, wood) into pieces 7 roast (v) G the flat top part of a cooking stove 8 boil (v) H a shallow dish, usually circular, from which

food is eaten 9 cook (n) I to reduce to small shreds by rubbing against a

rough or sharp perforated surface 10 cooker (n) J an enclosed heated compartment or receptacle

for baking or roasting food 11 chef (n) K to cut sth into flat pieces 12 oven (n) L kitchen equipment used for cooking food 13 grill (n) M style of cooking; manner of preparing food; the

food prepared, as at a restaurant 14 hob (n) N to cook (meat, fish, etc.) by direct heat or over a

hot fire 15 kitchen (n) O a round container open at the top, used for

holding liquid 16 cuisine (n) P to cook or be cooked in fat or in hot oil 17 lunch (n) Q a cook, especially the principal cook in a

restaurant 18 dinner (n) R to cook (meat or other food) by dry heat,

usually with added fat and especially in an oven 19 plate (n) S a room or place or the equipment for the

preparation and cooking of food 20 bowl (n) T to cook sth in boiling water 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

B) 1 saucer (n) A a metal or plastic container with a handle and

spout for boiling water 2 dish (n) B a box, cabinet, or room in which food, drink, etc.

are kept cool, as by ice or mechanical refrigeration

3 vegetable (n) C sparkling beverage 4 vegetarian (n) D a container with a lid, spout, and handle, in which

tea is made and from which it is served 5 vegan (n) E extremely cold 6 fast food (n) F to move an implement such as a spoon around in

(a liquid) so as to mix up the constituents 7 takeaway (n) G a detailed list of the foods served at a meal or of

the foods available at a restaurant 8 kettle (n) H a complete, usually alphabetical list of items, often

with notes giving details 9 teapot (n) I a small round dish on which a cup is set 10 freezer (n) J a restaurant, store, etc. that sells takeout food 11 fridge (n) K any of various herbaceous plants having parts

that are used as food 12 frozen (adj) L food that requires little preparation before being

served 13 freezing (adj) M turned into or covered with ice 14 mix (v) N a person who refrains from using any animal

product whatever for food, clothing, or any other purpose

15 stir (v) O a person who eats no meat, and sometimes no animal products (as milk or eggs)

16 whisk (n) P a nonalcoholic drink, usually cold 17 soft drink (n) Q any container, generally shallow and concave

(вогнутый) and of porcelain (фарфор), earthenware, glass, plastic, etc. for serving or holding food

18 fizzy drink (n) R a refrigerator, compartment, or room that can maintain freezing or subfreezing temperatures, for freezing and storing perishable foods

19 menu (n) S a kitchen utensil consisting of wire loops fixed in a handle, for whipping egg whites, cream, etc

20 catalogue (n) T to combine or blend (ingredients, liquids, objects, etc.) together into one mass

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Task 2. Translate the following words into English. 1 жариться, печься (особенно в духовке) 2 кипятить, кипеть; варить(ся) 3 овощ 4 вегетарианец 5 еда, которую можно перехватить «на скорую

руку» 6 магазин, в котором продаются готовые блюда;

ресторан, отпускающий обеды на дом 7 рубить 8 резать ломтиками или слоями, нарезать;

разрезать 9 натирать (на тёрке); тереть, скрести с резким

звуком 10 печь, выпекать 11 кухарка, повар; стряпуха 12 кухонная плита; печь 13 чайник (для заварки) 14 холодильная установка, морозильная камера 15 холодильник 16 замороженный 17 замораживающий, охлаждающий 18 жарить на рашпере 19 жарить 20 обед (обычно около полудня, в течение рабочего

дня) 21 обед (главный приём пищи в течение дня, часто

вечером) 22 меню 23 каталог 24 мешать, смешивать, перемешивать 25 помешивать, размешивать; взбалтывать 26 конфорка (газовой плиты, печки, очага) 27 шеф-повар, главный повар 28 печь; духовка 29 гриль, рашпер 30 блюдце 31 блюдо 32 кухня 33 кухня, стол (питание; кулинарное искусство) 34 венчик (взбивалка) 35 тарелка, блюдце, блюдо

36 миска 37 безалкогольный напиток 38 газированный напиток 39 строгий вегетарианец 40 чайник Task 3. Guess the words from their definitions. 1 to combine or blend (ingredients, liquids, objects, etc.)

together into one mass 2 a metal or plastic container with a handle and spout for

boiling water 3 food that requires little preparation before being

served 4 someone who cooks food either for pleasure or as their

job 5 a meal eaten during the middle of the day 6 style of cooking; manner of preparing food; the food

prepared, as at a restaurant 7 a box, cabinet, or room in which food, drink, etc. are

kept cool, as by ice or mechanical refrigeration 8 a kitchen utensil consisting of wire loops fixed in a

handle, for whipping egg whites, cream, etc 9 sparkling beverage 10 a person who eats no meat, and sometimes no animal

products (as milk or eggs) 11 to cook bread, pastry, etc., in an oven 12 a small round dish on which a cup is set 13 a restaurant, store, etc. that sells takeout food 14 turned into or covered with ice 15 a person who refrains from using any animal product

whatever for food, clothing, or any other purpose 16 the main meal of the day 17 a shallow dish, usually circular, from which food is

eaten 18 to reduce to small shreds by rubbing against a rough or

sharp perforated surface 19 a cooking unit having parallel metal bars or wires on

which to cook meat or fish 20 a container with a lid, spout, and handle, in which tea

is made and from which it is served 21 extremely cold

22 a nonalcoholic drink, usually cold 23 any container, generally shallow and concave and of

porcelain earthenware, glass, plastic, etc. for serving or holding food

24 to cut sth (food, wood) into pieces 25 the flat top part of a cooking stove

26 a refrigerator, compartment, or room that can

maintain freezing or subfreezing temperatures, for freezing and storing perishable foods

27 an enclosed heated compartment or receptacle for baking or roasting food

28 any of various herbaceous plants having parts that are used as food

29 to cook sth in boiling water 30 to cut sth into flat pieces 31 kitchen equipment used for cooking food 32 to move an implement such as a spoon around in (a

liquid) so as to mix up the constituents 33 a detailed list of the foods served at a meal or of the

foods available at a restaurant 34 a complete, usually alphabetical list of items, often with

notes giving details 35 to cook (meat or other food) by dry heat, usually with

added fat and especially in an oven 36 a room or place or the equipment for the preparation

and cooking of food 37 to cook (meat, fish, etc.) by direct heat or over a hot

fire 38 a round container open at the top, used for holding

liquid 39 to cook or be cooked in fat or in hot oil 40 a cook, especially the principal cook in a restaurant Task 4. Complete the sentences using the word from the list. A)

fry grill grate chef boil grill bowl oven cuisine cook roast sliced plates bake dinner hob chop kitchen cooker lunch

1 He came up to the gas oven and put a kettle on a lighted _________________. 2. I often ___________________ a cake for my friend’s birthday. 3. We never eat in the ______________________. 4. He ___________________ some bread. 5. She spends hours in the kitchen. I think she is going to become a ____________. 6. He likes to ___________________ a potato in ashes 7. He wants to work as a _________________in a big fashionable restaurant. 8. He is fond of Italian _______________________. 9. __________________ an egg for me. 10. Before baking turn on the ___________________ and preheat it to 220 ◦C. 11. Will you ____________________ this piece of meat into small cubes? 12. There was a new gas-____________________ in the kitchen.

13. ____________________ a hamburger for me. 14. ___________________ is a regular midday meal between breakfast and dinner. 15. How long does it take to __________________an egg? 16. Can you put these pieces of meat under the ___________________? 17. We keep fruit in a large beautiful ______________________. 18. Do you think we have to ________________________ cheese? 19. After ______________________ sit awhile, after supper walk a mile. 20. There were several soup _____________________ on the table. B)

dish menu vegan catalogue mix whisk fast food stir vegetables fizzy teapot saucers vegetarian freezing soft

1. What's on the _______________________? 2. Soda is a _____________________ drink. 3. A _______________________is a list of all the books or resources of a library. 4. The rain was _____________________. 5. Do you know that a _____________ is a vegetarian who eats no animal products 6. A _________________ is a person who advocates a diet of only vegetables, fruits, grains, and nuts as the proper one for all people for reasons of health or because of principles opposing the killing of animals. 7. A __________________of strawberries was brought in. 8. Some of these pills don't ___________________ with drink. 9. They serve only ____________________ drinks here. 10. There were six cups and ________________________ in the tea set. 11. ____________ _________ is cooked and served quickly. 12. Next, _________________ up the eggs with the milk. 13. Peas, beans, cabbage, potatoes, cauliflower, and onions are ________________. 14. I need a ______________ to whip eggs. 15. He took a _____________________and made strong tea. Task 5. Fill in the gaps. Guess the word by the first letter. 1. The water has been b_________________ away for ten minutes. 2. Do you know who the c_______________ in this restaurant?. 3. First s________________ all the fruit up, and then add the ice cream. 4. This is a modern c__________________ with an oven and a hob. 5. Do you want to g__________________ the sandwich? 6 Ask the man in the shop to c______________ the meat into little bits. 7. My bread is b_____________________ in my own oven. 8. Mary is a very good _______________. She is especially good at making cakes. 9. Please don't g__________ your nails on the glass, I don't like the sound it makes. 10. The meat was r___________________ in the oven.

11. Does your gas-oven include g__________________? 12. Do not f______________ food. It’s not healthy. 13. It is convenient to cook in an o_________________. 14. Put the pan on the h__________________ and heat it. 15. It took them a lot of time to set up a k_____________________ set. 16. He usually eats l___________________ at this café. 17. D_____________ is a main meal of the day, whether eaten in the evening or about noon. 18. We had dinner at $10 a p______________________. 19. He liked to get food served in silver b______________________. 20. I don’t think he will prefer French c___________________. 21. This is the main d______________________ on the menu. 22. F___________________ food lacks nutrients. 23. She s______________________ the porridge. 24. The k______________________ is boiling. 25. V__________________ refrain from using any animal product. 26. The f____________________ point of water is 32°F or 0°C. 27. I hate f___________________ drinks. 28. M_____________ the ingredients slowly. Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word. 1. I’d like to (пожарить) ____________________ some potatoes. 2. Mix eggs, flower, sugar and butter in a large (миска) ___________________. 3. I’d like to buy a modern gas-stove with an (духовка) ____________________. 4. The (кухня) ______________________ in their new flat is large and spacious. 5. I have to (жарить) ___________________ coffee beans. 6. Have you ever tasted fish cooked under the (гриль, рашпер) ______________? 7. He (кипел) was __________________ with rage. 8. Too many (поваров) __________________ spoil the broth. 9. Let’s put all the pies on one (тарелка) __________________. 10. He turned on all the gas taps and left a pan on a lighted hob of the (плита) ___________________. 11. What shall we have for (обед) ______________________? 12. The ship (разрезал) _____________________ through the waves. 13. I love Thai (кухня) ________________________. 14. Take the kettle off the (конфорка) __________________. 15. The tree is too big; you'll have to (срубить) __________________ back some of the branches. 16. Could you (натереть на терке) _______________ some carrots, please? 17. They were all at (обед в середине рабочего дня) ____________________. 18. They (жарить на рашпере) ____________________ a beef yesterday. 19. His uncle is a (шеф-повар) ______________________ in a big restaurant. 20. I’m afraid you do not know how to (печь) __________________ cakes. 21. A quick stir will (перемешать)_____________________ them thoroughly. 22. There were only (безалкогольные напитки) ______________ ___________ at the birthday party. 23. You need a (венчик) ________________ to mix up the ingredients for the cake.

24. Have you thought over the main (блюдо) _____________ of our festive dinner? 25. She opened the (холодильник) ______________ and produced a bottle of soda. 26. The fridge was packed with (замороженный) __________ fruit and vegetables.

PHRSAL VERBS (p. 100) Task 7. Match the phrasal verbs with their definition. 1 drop in (on) A be no longer fresh 2 get on for B continue doing sth 3 go off C make sb not want to do or not like sth 4 go on D meet by chance (come across) 5 go / come round E visit unexpectedly 6 keep on F begin to like; begin to do sth regularly 7 leave out G continue happening or doing sth; do sth after doing sth

else 8 put off H appear unexpectedly 9 run into I develop in a particular way or have a particular result 10 run out of J experiment with 11 take to K go / come to one’s house to visit them 12 turn out L not have any left 13 turn up M not include 14 try out N be almost a particular time, age, number, etc. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Task 8. Write down the corresponding phrasal verbs. 1 зайти 2 идёт, приближается (время, возраст) 3 портиться (о еде) 4 продолжать 5 навестить, нанести визит, посещать 6 продолжать делать что-л. 7 пропускать, не включать 8 вызывать отвращение 9 сталкиваться 10 иссякать, кончаться 11 привязаться, полюбить 12 оказываться 13 появляться 14 испытывать, пробовать Task 9. Fill in prepositions. 1. It was late but Rose went _______ working. 2. She is getting ____ _________ seventy. 3. The disgusting smell of the cheese puts me _____. 4. We need to try _________ the new players. 5. Let's drop _________ Jim on our way back.

6. Please complete this cheque properly, the date has been left ___________. 7. Don’t drink the milk, it's gone __________. 8. I was happy to run _________ my old friend yesterday. 9. She took _______ him immediately 10. Come ___________ for a chat tonight. 11. He turned ____________ an excellent actor. 12. I’m afraid we’ve run ___________ of time; hope to see you next Friday. 13. When did they turn __________ yesterday? 14. If you keep __________ being late for work, you’re going to be in trouble with the manager. Task 10. Fill in a verb in the right form. 1. Will you _____________ round to see our aunt? 2. You’ll never guess who I _____________ into in town this afternoon! 3. He didn't _______________ to the idea 4. I am not sure what time it is, but it must be ____________ on for two o’clock. 5. Do__________ on, I am listening. 6. I can’t make a cake: we’ve ___________ out of eggs. 7. Milk ____________ off very quickly if you do not keep it in the fridge. 8. _____________ on with your studies, however hard it sometimes seems. 9. I’d like to ____________ out new dishes. 10. Since we're in the neighborhood, why don't we ________ in at my brother's? 11. She always ____________ up at the lectures late. 12. No possibility must be ____________ out 13. I was late for the interview, but it ________________ out all right. 14. Her bad temper ______________ me off Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb in the right form. 1. When looking through the documents he (came across) ___________ ______ some unknown facts. 2. Look who's just (paid an unexpected visit) ____________ ________! 3. I don't know how she'll (like) __________ ____ it 4. Pete hadn’t been invited to the party, but he just (appeared) ____________ ______ anyway. 5. We began work at 12 and (continued) ___________ ______ till half-past one. 6. If you don’t like pepper, then simply (not include) ___________ it _______. 7. Our new acquaintance (proved) ______________ ________ to be a famous artist. 8. He is (close on forty) _____________ ______ ______ forty. 9. We can’t go away this summer: (we don’t have any money) we’ve ________ ________ of money. 10. Turn left at the corner and (continue) _________ _______ going as far as the church. 11. I'm going to (test) __________ the new car ________. 12. In the evening some friends (paid a visit) ____________ __________ for a chat.

13. His manner (makes me not like him) ___________ me ______. 14. I’m afraid the sour cream has (is no longer fresh) __________ ______. Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions. 1 visit unexpectedly 2 experiment with 3 not include 4 make sb not want to do or not like sth 5 go / come to one’s house to visit them 6 begin to like; begin to do sth regularly 7 develop in a particular way or have a particular result 8 be almost a particular time, age, number, etc. 9 appear unexpectedly 10 continue doing sth 11 be no longer fresh 12 meet by chance (come across) 13 not have any left 14 continue happening or doing sth; do sth after doing sth

else PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p. 100) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition or word.

1. So many dirty dishes! I have to ________ the washing – ______. 2. ________________ is an electrically operated machine for washing, rinsing,

and drying dishes. 3. He is good at _____________ the cooking. 4. Let us drink ________ the happy pair. 5. Certain animals feed ________ insects. 6. At the tale of pity my eyes are filled ____________ tears. 7. He is having his apartment repaired so he has to go _____ ______ a meal. 8. He has been known _________ occasion to lose his temper. 9. The journalist was seen noting something ________.

Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word.

1. Dogs fed __________ oil or sugar become diseased. 2. Would you like to _____________ a drink? 3. Our old friends are coming tonight. Mum is going to

______________ a meal. 4. Before an interview you have to fill ________ an application

form. 5. _____________ a note to get some more milk. 6. She is fond of cooking so we decided to give her a

_____________ book. 7. Delegations from many countries have arrived on the

__________________ of the queen jubilee.

up recipe make cook occasion on have

WORD PATTERNS (p. 100) Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1. I always associate the smell of those flowers _________my childhood. 2. They regarded him ________ their enemy. 3. They waited _________ me to leave. 4. For lack ________ fuel, their plans were grounded. 5. He complimented her _______ the wonderful dress she was wearing. 6. It is difficult to choose ______________ these two nice houses. 7. The research was __________ of inaccuracies. 8. There’s a _________ of supermarkets in this districts. There are only few of

them in such a big area. 9. He's too careful ____________ his money.

Task 16. Match to make sentences. 1 I regard it A meeting me in Paris. 2 We suggested B to help me with cooking. 3 Mike doesn’t

remember C in common sense.

4 Chris never remembers D them love and security. 5 He is lacking E as my duty 6 We'll have to wait F his taking part. 7 She is willing G with this stuff, it can be dangerous if

it isn't handled properly. 8 Be very careful H and see. 9 It is better to be able to

offer I to turn everything off before going

out.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

WORD FORMATION (p. 100) Task 17. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb anxiety

anxious anxiously

appreciation

………………..

1) …………… 2) ……………

1) ………………. 2)unappreciatively

1)…………….. 2) content(s)

………………….

1) creation 2) ………………. 3) ……………….

…………………...

……………….

…………………

disgust ………………….. 1) …………… 2) disgusted

1) …………….. 2) grown-up 3) ……………..

……………..

1) grown 2) ……………

1) mixer 2) ………………

mix mixed

1) ……………… 2) originator

………………….

1) original 2) ……………

1) ………………. 2) unoriginally

…………………...

prepare

1) ……………… 2) prepared 3) ……………

1) ………………. 2) ………………. 3) saver

………………

1) safe 2) ………………

1)……………… 2) unsafely

…………………. surprise

1) surprising 2) ……………

1) surprisingly 2) ………………

1) ………………. 2) ……………….

sweeten

………………

………………….

……………………

thorough ………………….

Task 18. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold. 1 He spoke with every evidence of ………………………….. disgusting 2 Everybody knew that he was of humble …………………. originator 3 He was seen by many as the ……………………of the firm. safe 4 It is the most …………………. work of the writer. create 5 She is ……………………. on him. sweetness 6 At least a year's ………………………… work will be

necessary before building can start. prepare

7 The counselors of Charles were …………………….. for their own safety.

anxiety

8 He put the drawer's ………………………. into the litter bin.

contain

9 Napoleon instantly ……………………….. the magnitude of the danger.

appreciation

10 You have to …………………. the ingredients slowly. mixture REVISION Task 19. Translate into English. 1 магазин, в котором продаются готовые блюда;

ресторан, отпускающий обеды на дом 2 кухарка, повар; стряпуха 3 кухня, стол (питание; кулинарное искусство) 4 сталкиваться 5 зайти 6 идёт, приближается (время, возраст) 7 портиться (о еде) 8 особый случай 9 навестить, нанести визит, посещать 10 продолжать делать что-л. 11 пропускать, не включать 12 вызывать отвращение 13 поживём – увидим 14 иссякать, кончаться 15 привязаться, полюбить 16 недостаток, нужда; отсутствие (чего-л.) 17 предложить пойти 18 книга рецептов (кулинарная книга) 19 здоровая пища 20 записать что-л.

UNIT 18 • Education and Learning TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 112) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A)

1 pass A someone who is being taught, especially a child, the children at a particular school

2 read B someone who is studying at a university 3 study C to spend time reading, going to classes etc in order to

learn about a subject: 4 test D a set of questions, exercises, or practical activities to

measure someone's skill, ability, or knowledge 5 primary E someone you work with, used especially by

professional people 6 colleague F skill, personal quality, or type of experience that makes

you suitable for a particular job or position: 7 classmate G to succeed in an examination or test 8 prefect H to look at written words and understand what they

mean 9 pupil I something that people may have as part of their

character, for example courage or intelligence 10 student J a member of the same class in a school, college or, in

the US, a university 11 qualifications K relating to the education of children between five and

eleven years old 12 qualities L to find the size, length, or amount of something, using

standard units such as inches, metres etc:. 13 count M an older student in some British schools, who has

special duties and helps to control younger students 14 measure N to calculate the total number of things or people in a

group: how to play a musical instrument or drive a car

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 B)

1 degree A an official paper stating that you have completed a course of study or passed an examination

2 certificate B an area of knowledge that you study at a school or university

3 results C a course of study at a university or college, or the qualification that is given to you when you have successfully completed the course

4 speak D to be able to talk in a particular language 5 talk E to successfully complete something or get a good result,

especially by working hard

6 lesson F a period of time in which someone is taught a particular skill

7 subject G a piece of work that must be done, especially one that is difficult or unpleasant or that must be done regularly

8 achieve H the mark you get in an examination 9 reach I to say things to someone as part of a conversation: 10 task J to know who someone is or what something is, because

you have seen, heard, experienced, or learned about them in the past

11 effort K to give lessons in a school, college, or university, or to help someone learn about something by giving them information

12 know L to gain knowledge of a subject or skill, by experience, by studying it, or by being taught

13 recognize M the physical or mental energy that is needed to do something

14 teach N to be familiar with a person, place 15 learn get to a particular point in time or to a particular stage in a

process

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Task 2. Translate the following words. 1 pass 2 read 3 study 4 test 5 primary 6 colleague 7 classmate 8 prefect 9 pupil 10 student 11 qualifications 12 qualities 13 count 14 measure 15 degree 16 certificate 17 results 18 speak 19 talk 20 lesson 21 subject 22 achieve

23 reach 24 task 25 effort 26 know 27 recognize 28 teach 29 learn Task 3. Guess the words. 1 an official paper stating that you have completed a

course of study or passed an examination 2 the mark you get in an examination 3 to spend time reading, going to classes etc in order

to learn about a subject: 4 a set of questions, exercises, or practical activities to

measure someone's skill, ability, or knowledge 5 relating to the education of children between five

and eleven years old 6 someone you work with, used especially by

professional people 7 someone who is being taught, especially a child, the

children at a particular school 8 to look at written words and understand what they

mean 9 a skill, personal quality, or type of experience that

makes you suitable for a particular job or position 10 to succeed in an examination or test 11 a member of the same class in a school, college or, in

the US, a university 12 an older student in some British schools, who has

special duties and helps to control younger students 13 to calculate the total number of things or people in a

group 14 someone who is studying at a university 15 to find the size, length, or amount of something,

using standard units such as inches, metres etc. 16 a course of study at a university or college, or the

qualification that is given to you when you have successfully completed the course

17 to say things to someone as part of a conversation: 18 to be familiar with a person, place 19 a period of time in which someone is taught a

particular skill, for example how to play a musical instrument or drive a car

20 to give lessons in a school, college, or university, or to help someone learn about something by giving

them information 21 to be able to talk in a particular language 22 something that people may have as part of their

character, for example courage or intelligence 23 get to a particular point in time or to a particular

stage in a process 24 an area of knowledge that you study at a school or

university 25 to successfully complete something or get a good

result, especially by working hard: 26 to know who someone is or what something is,

because you have seen, heard, experienced, or learned about them in the past

27 a piece of work that must be done, especially one that is difficult or unpleasant or that must be done regularly

28 the physical or mental energy that is needed to do something

29 to gain knowledge of a subject or skill, by experience, by studying it, or by being taught

Task 4.Complete the sentences using the word from the list. qualifications subject pass effort classmate prefect studying colleagues test repair certificate read qualities pupils A)

1. Is Ian coming with us?" "He can't - he's __________ for his exams." 2. English was my favourite ___________ at school. 3. I can't ___________ your writing. 4. Did Lauren _________ her driving test? 5. The new law reduces the number of _________ per class in the first four

years of schooling. 6. Besides intelligence and charm, Bella had some less desirable_________. 7. She discussed the idea with some of her _________. 8. He hasn't passed his driving _______ yet. 9. I also remember proudly coming home to tell Dad I'd been made head

______ of my grammar school. 10. Earl, a _________ of Jack’s from the Naval Academy, was quite a nice

fellow 11. Do you know anyone who can _________ a boiler? 12. There have been questions about his __________ to lead the company. 13. Students who complete the program receive a skills ________ along with

their high school diploma. 14. It takes a lot of time and _________ to get an exhibition ready.

B) speak leaders achieved results lesson task degree talking number period hire uniform learning teaching

1. Student ______ had organized a sit-in to protest against the war. 2. As an actor, she always had trouble ________ her lines. 3. I don't ________ a word of French 4. I didn't recognize you in your ________. 5. The ______ of the union representative is to fight on behalf of the members. 6. I was amazed at the _______ of plants - I counted 147. 7. The rainfall was measured over a three-month ________ 8. Applicants must have a _________ in Engineering. 9. These are excellent __________ for the Christian Democratic Party. 10. _________literature to the fifth grade is no joke! 11. After you reach a certain age, nobody wants to ________ you. 12. Frances _________ very good exam results. 13. I could hear Sarah and Andy ________ in the next room. 14. Dominic will be having his first driving _________ this Thursday.

Task 5. Fill in the gaps. A)

1. She p_______ with flying colours (=got very high marks). 2. Turn to BBC1 for the latest football r_______. 3. Read the i________ carefully before you start. 4. Does he have the right q_______ to become a Supreme Court Justice? 5. Betsy earned a teaching c_______ from San Jose State University 6. He doesn't s______ a word of French. 7. A team of scientists has been s_______ the effects of acid rain over a

twenty-year period. 8. Before you sail, you need to l______ about basic boat controls. 9. Cohn has a d______ in political science from the University of Chicago. 10. It was malaria, but Dr Lee hadn't recognized the s_______. 11. Grandpa t_______ me a new card trick. 12. Our experience with the fire will serve as a l_______ to the entire state. 13. Doctors did several t_______ to find out what was wrong. 14. Can you m________ the desk to see if it'll fit into that corner? 15. I read a lot of books about astronomy. It's a very interesting s______. 16. The school has over 700 p_______.

B) 1. I know you don't like her, but please make an e________ to be polite. 2. Wilson has achieved considerable s________ as an artist. 3. Gold prices have r________) their lowest level in 15 years. 4. Sara had the t_______ of preparing the agenda for meetings 5. Are you really t________ of leaving Kevin for a guy you barely know? 6. Jenny is a conscientious manager, very popular with her c________. 7. Her jealousy is one of her worst q________. 8. English people love to t________ about the weather. 9. First impressions do count, so l_______ your best at the interview.

Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word.

1. When I was young, I ( читал)________ every one of his books from cover to cover

2. Alan hardly studied for the (теста) _______, but he still (сдал) _____. 3. How did you do on the spelling (тест)_______ 4. I've always wanted to (научиться) ______ to ski - could you (научить)

_____ me? 5. Her dream is to get a (степень) ________ in computer science and then get

a high-paying job. 6. By sharing their problems, sufferers of the disease (научиться)______ to

cope with the symptoms 7. After all the (усилие) ______ I put in, they had better be satisfied! 8. By 2001, we had begun the task of collecting the materials and information

needed for the (исследования) _______. 9. Can you imagine him a (коллегой) _______ of yours? 10. How old are babies when they (учатся) ______ to speak? 11. She gives English (уроки) _______ to business people in the evenings. 12. She eventually achieved her (цели) ________ of becoming a professor. 13. List your (качества, квалификации) ________ in the space below. 14. Lucas has outstanding leadership (качества) ________. 15. Most children (умеют) ________ how to count by the time they start

kindergarten. 16. Electrodes were attached to his chest in order to (измерить) _______ his

heart rate 17. Do you (знаешь) ______ the nightclub on the corner of Maine Street? 18. We have completed our experiments and we are now analyzing the

(результаты)_____ 19. All through the afternoon, they sat and (говорили) ______about their trip. 20. Aaron was humming a tune I didn't (узнавал) ______. 21. Some letters are taking up to two weeks to (достичь) ____ their destination.

Task 7. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb 1) 2)

pass

read 1 2.

study

1) 2)

1) qualify 2)

1) 2)

1) 2)

measure 1) 2) 3)

1) 2)

speak 1. 2.

3. 4.

1) 2)

achieve

effort know 1)

2) 3) 4)

1) 2) 3)

recognize 1) 2)

1) 2) 3)

teach

1) 2)

learn

Task 8. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold.

1. Her films had an ___________ effect on a generation of Americans.

measure

2. It is an excellent and highly ________account of the army today.

read

3. She was a ___________ child, happiest when reading.

study

4. No report can convey the _____________ suffering that this war has caused.

speak

5. The fans' bad behaviour has resulted in the _____________ of their football team from the championship.

qualify

6. Before you set your targets, make sure that they are ____________.

achieve

7. The machine makes thousands of ____________ every day.

measure

8. A narrow __________led directly through the house into the garden.

pass

9. Mr Masack is an _________ critic of the present government.

speak

10. She smiled ____________ at him.

know

11. An Olympic silver medal is a remarkable _______________for one so young.

achieve

12. He's very ______________ about German literature.

know

13. I've had to __________ the way I played guitar since I started taking formal lessons.

learn

14. This sort of aggression is ____________ behaviour learn

- people aren't born that way. 15. An ____________________ person does not have

the qualifications needed for a particular job. qualify

16. She runs so ______________ as if it's the easiest thing in the world.

effort

17. It's a new country, hoping for diplomatic _______________ from the international community.

recognize

18. The news left us _________________. speak 19. At seven weeks, an embryo is _________________

human. recognize

PHRASAL VERBS (p. 112) Task 9. Match the phrasal verbs with their definition. 1 catch on A to stop making an effort 2 come (a)round

to B do sth or deal with sth very easily

3 cross out C to explain ideas, facts, or opinions in a clearly organized way, in writing or in a speech

4 dawn on D to express 5 deal with E to persuade to change your mind 6 drop out (of ) F to consider something 7 get at G realize sth for the first time 8 get on with H stay at the same level as 9 give in I to understand 10 keep up with J to continue doing something

11 sail through K to draw a line or lines through something you have written or drawn

12 set out L to leave a school or university before you have finished the course

13 think over M to handle, to cope with 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Task 10. Write down the corresponding phrasal verbs. 1 уступать, сдаваться; соглашаться 2 не отставать от кого-л. 3 вычёркивать (слова, строчки в тексте),

стирать; удалять 4 осенять 5 успешно справиться 6 бросать не закончив

7 менять мнение, убеждение; соглашаться 8 продолжать делать 9 обдумать 10 иметь дело с, справляться

11 понять

12 объяснить в деталях

13 выразить, иметь в виду

Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb. to sail through keeping up with crossed out gave in set out getting at come around to dealing with get on with dropped out of thinking over catch on dawned on

1 Eventually I _________ and accepted the job on their terms. 2 It took him a while to ___________ the idea. 3 I've been _______________ your suggestion. 4 The ghastly truth ____________ me. 5 What are you _____________, Helen?I can’t understand you. 6 Bill ____________ college after his first year. 7 Will you be able ______________ the course? 8 The idea of glasses being a fashion item has been slow to___________. 9 Be quiet and__________ your work! 10 Jack's having trouble _________ the rest of the class. 11 I _________ 'Miss' and wrote 'Ms' 12 He ___________ the reasons for his decision in his report. 13 Is there a really effective strategy for___________ disruptive pupils.

Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions.

1 to draw a line or lines through something you have written or drawn

2 to leave a school or university before you have finished the course

3 to stop making an effort 4 stay at the same level as 5 to explain ideas, facts, or opinions in a clearly

organized way, in writing or in a speech 6 to consider something 7 realize sth for the first time 8 to express 9 to understand 10 do sth or deal with sth very easily 11 to persuade to change your mind 12 to continue doing something 13 to handle, to cope with

PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p. 112) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1. If you don't pay attention ____ it now, you'll get it all wrong later. 2. He waved to attract the attention ____ the waitress ___ the table he was

sitting at. 3. A dark house can draw attention ____ the fact that the house is empty. 4. To accommodate the tour, he will take a break _____ teaching. 5. Give me a break _____ two days, you guys! I can't get the money until

Friday. 6. How many pupils are sitting _____ the geography exam this term? 7. I’m in two minds _______ accepting the job. 8. See if you can change his mind _______ coming with us. 9. ______ my mind, their behaviour is unreasonable. 10. We're going to lose anyway, so I can't see the point _____ playing. 11. I didn't see the point _____ moving to London. 12. He made a point _____ spending Saturdays with his children. 13. Can you make any sense _____ this article?

Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word.

1. I want you all to _________ a little break from your classroom work, so we're all going to the library.

2. Don't ______any attention to Nina - she doesn't know what she's talking about.

3. He was treating me badly, so I left - I just wanted to ______ him a lesson.

4. I can't ______ the point of spending so much money on a car. 5. But the council refused to ______ them a break. 6. No one dared to ______ his decisions. They agreed immediately. 7. ______ in mind that some children will need help. 8. I was in _____ minds about whether to go with him. 9. Some observers have ______ attention to the fact that such assumptions

themselves rest on flimsy foundations. 10. For some idiotic reason it had never ______ her mind that she might be

doing something illegal. 11. The trial has _______ international attention 12. He seemed to _______ a point of taking two steps backward for every one

step forward. 13. There's no ______ in my painting the door if we're going to replace it later.

14. Both writing and speech require context to ______ sense of what might formally be clear.

15. A professional consultant will ________ suggestions about the most suitable clients to approach for your particular type of work.

Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct equivalent.

1. Hasn't it (приходило тебе в голову) ___________ that we will be missed, the others will be wondering what has happened?

2. (Дай)________ the kid a (передышку)___________. It's only his second day on the job

3. Do you know, he was (сомневаюсь) ___________accepting? 4. One day her mother (предложила)____________ "Why don't you come

back and live with your father and me?'' 5. At times he (привлекал внимание)__________ by making statements that

were deliberately resonant. 6. I hope a night in the cells has (преподал урок) __________. 7. Of course, repair work is expensive and you have to (постоянно помнить об этом) ________.

8. I have been asked to (привлечь ваше внимание к) ______________ the following points.

9. He wasn’t (обращал внимание на)________ the safety instructions. WORD PATTERNS (p.112) Task16. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition.

1. Fred still isn't able ______ make a living from acting. 2. I admired George ______ the care and attention he gave to Lennie. 3. He boasted _______ having once sung with the Count Basie band. 4. He was capable ______ sudden aggressiveness, such as over Matkovsky's

telephone account. 5. The driver of the car failed ______ stop in time, and the boy was killed. 6. At the Manor Ground the crowd would have settled ______ just one goal;

the 0-0 score line does the game justice. 7. Tom's voice is very similar _____ his brother's. 8. The show is not suitable _____ young children.

Task17. Fill in the gaps with the correct word.

1. I've always _______ Ben Hogan for the way he worked at the game and the determination he showed to succeed.

2. After the accident it was a long time before she was _____ ___ walk again. 3. Her ideas are quite _____ to mine. 4. As with those who sell their winnings, players who take the option must

______ for less than the advertised prize. 5. Instead, he had proved himself to be _______ of great human emotion.

6. If you _____ to provide all the information, we will be unable to process your application.

7. The house is not really ______ for a large family.

WORD FORMATION (p.112) Task 18. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb improved 1) behave

2)

1) 2) 3) literature

1) 2)

1) education 2)

intense academy 1) 2) 3)

study

reason 1) 2)

1) 2)

revise solve 1)

2)

1) attention 2) 3)

1) 2)

think 1) 2) 3) 4)

1) 2)

1) understand 2)

1) 2) 3)

1) 2)

fail

teach certificate

Unit 20 • Weather and Environment TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 124) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A) 1 urban A to rain very lightly

2 suburban B the objects, buildings, natural things etc that are around a person

3 rural C waste paper, cans etc that people have thrown away and left on the ground in a public place, making it untidy

4 smog D relating to towns and cities

5 mist E A mass of small drops of water in the air close to the ground that makes difficult for you to see very far

6 forecast F unwanted materials or substances that are left after you have used something

7 prediction G to rain very hard

8 waste H dirty air that looks like a mixture of smoke and fog, caused by smoke from cars and factories in cities

9 litter I A statement about what is likely to happen based on the information that you have now, usually relating to the weather, business or the economy

10 rubbish J related to a suburb, or in a suburb

11 pour K the air, water, and land on Earth, which can be harmed by man's activitie

12 drizzle L a statement about what you think is going to happen

13 flood M things that are no longer needed and have been thrown away

14 environment

N happening in or relating to the countryside, not the city

15 surroundings

O to cover a place with water, or to become covered with water

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

B) 1 reservoir A a small area of fresh water that is smaller than a lake, that

is either natural or artificially made

2 puddle B a powerful flash of light in the sky that you see during the storm

3 pond C a small pool of water that is left on the ground, especially rain water

4 thunder D affecting or including the whole world

5 lightning E to use something again

6 global F the loud noise that you hear during a storm, usually after a flash of lightning

7 worldwide G a type of animal or plant does not exist any more

8 plain H a large area of land where it is always very hot and dry, and there is a lot of sand

9 desert I a type of animal or a plant that soon may no longer exist

10 extinct J a large area of flat dry land

11 endangered K to put used objects or materials through a special process so that they can be used again

12 recycle L happening or existing all over the world

13 reuse M a lake, especially an artificial one, where water is stored before it is supplied to people's houses

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Task 2. Give the Russian equivalents of the following words. 1 urban

2 suburban

3 rural

4 mist

5 forecast

6 waste

7 litter

8 rubbish

9 pour

10 drizzle

11 surroundings

12 reservoir

13 puddle

14 thunder

15 lightning

16 plain

17 desert

18 extinct

19 endangered

20 recycle

21 reuse Task 3. Guess the words from their definitions. 1 dirty air that looks like a mixture of smoke and fog,

caused by smoke from cars and factories in cities

2 the air, water, and land on Earth, which can be harmed by man's activities

3 things that are no longer needed and have been thrown away

4 a powerful flash of light in the sky that you see during the storm

5 to use something again

6 to cover a place with water, or to become covered with water

7 a type of animal or plant does not exist any more

8 relating to towns and cities

9 the loud noise that you hear during a storm, usually after a flash of lightning

10 to rain very lightly

11 a large area of land where it is always very hot and dry, and there is a lot of sand

12 the objects, buildings, natural things etc that are around a person

13 a large area of flat dry land

14 waste paper, cans etc that people have thrown away and left on the ground in a public place, making it untidy

15 happening or existing all over the world

16 A mass of small drops of water in the air close to the ground that makes difficult for you to see very far

17 to put used objects or materials through a special process so that they can be used again

18 unwanted materials or substances that are left after you have used something

19 to rain very hard

20 a small pool of water that is left on the ground, especially rain water

21 affecting or including the whole world

22 a statement about what is likely to happen based on the information that you have now, usually relating to the weather,business or the economy

23 a lake, especially an artificial one, where water is stored before it is supplied to people's houses

24 related to a suburb, or in a suburb

25 a type of animal or a plant that soon may no longer exist

26 a statement about what you think is going to happen

27 happening in or relating to the countryside, not the city

28 a small area of fresh water that is smaller than a lake, that is either natural or artificially made

Task 4. Choose the correct word. 1. In urban/rural areas there are now more opportunities for women with high school education to find jobs. 2. Motorists will be notified by mail that they must get a fog /smog check and have their autos repaired 3. A light mist/rain lay in the valley. 4. We want to have a picnic on Saturday, but it depends on the climate/weather. 5. According to the weather forecast/prediction, it's going to stay hot for the rest of the week. 6. Industrial rubbish/waste had leaked into the water supply. 7. Clean/clear air and water is a necessity of life. 8. As they reached the outer suburbs it began to pour/drizzle slightly and Preston switched the wipers on. 9. Dinosaurs have been extinct/endangered for millions of years. 10. Plastic bottles can be reused/recycled into clothing.

Task 5. Fill in the gaps with the following words in the correct form. fog waste urban reuse rural climate endangered surroundings

forecast predictions rubbish flood extinct environment recycle 1. In spite of the variations, crime rates are significantly higher in …..................areas than in …..................... areas. 2. The …................ has almost cleared - our plane will be able to take off soon. 3. The ….................. of southern Florida attracts thousands of tourists each winter. 4. What were the sources of these …......................? 5. The valley contains fossils of many ….................. species. 6. The government has announced a ban on all imports of toxic …......... from abroad. 7. Sterilized needles for taking blood are never …................ 8. It is impossible to give an accurate forecast of company sales 10 years from now. 9. The lizards are classed as an ….................... species 10. In the rainy season the river can rise rapidly to …............the valley in a few hours. 11. Some of these chemicals are very damaging to the …..................... 12. It’s a good idea to …................... household waste. 13. The dustmen collect the …........................ on Wednesdays. 14. The house is set in beautiful ….......................... near Lake Coniston. Task 6. Complete the sentences guessing the word by the first letter. 1. The problem of air pollution is especially serious in u...................... areas. 2. The costs of w........................ disposal are rising all the time. 3. The m......................... along the river banks had gone by mid morning. 4. There was a lovely p..........................with pretty lilies in the front garden. 5. Thick f............ is making driving conditions hazardous. 6. People who drop l.................. can be fined in some cities. 7. The houses down by the river f................... quite regularly. 8. Pandas could become e..................... in the wild. 9. The mountaintop provides a spectacular view of Innsbruck and its s........................ 10. On a c............. day, you can see Mount Fuji from Tokyo. 11. It was d................. very lightly, and I could hear the tiny patter of small raindrops. 12. New techniques for r............................... plastics are being introduced. 13. Don't forget to put the r.............................. out before you go to bed. 14. There is a w................................. shortage of oil. 15. The ground is frozen, thin ice covers the p........................ on the empty grey field. 16. A flash of l.............................. lit up the whole sky. 17. Rain p......................... through the open window, waking me again an hour later. 18. A modern filter system reduces s............. and presents no threat to cars or public health.

Task 7. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word. 1. There was a great summer storm, with (гром и молния) …......................... and heavy rain. 2. Within seconds he had completely vanished in the (дымка) …........................ 3. I am tired of picking up (мусор) …........................ thrown by other people. 4. The supermarket encourages shoppers to (использовать несколько раз) …..................... plastic bags. 5. I've got so much (хлам) ….......................... on my desk, it's unbelievable. 6. Would you jump into (лужи) ….......................... with me? 7. Towns and cities all over the country have been (затоплять) ….................... 8. The white rhino is now almost (вымирать) …................................. 9. The (прогноз погоды)............................................ is good for tomorrow. 10. There has been a (по всему миру)............................ decrease in the number of whales. 11. At that time, much of (сельский) …..................... Ireland was desperately poor. 12. The data can be used to make useful economic (прогнозы, предсказания)................................. 13. AIDS is a global problem which needs a (всеобщий)................................ response. 14. The problem of air pollution is especially serious in (городской)................ areas. PHRASAL VERBS (p.124) Task 7. Match the following phrasal verbs with their definitions. 1 call for A Repair, improve, redecorate

2 call off B Make sb. Feel sad or lose hope

3 clear up C Represent (for abbreviation), put up with

4 cut off D Require, need, demand

5 die down E Accept sth. And try to deal with it

6 do up F Suggest that sth. Is a result of

7 face up to G Start and be likely to continue (for rain, winter, an economic depression)

8 get (sb.) down H Destroy or remove (buildings)

9 put down to I Make sth. Stop burning

10 put out J cancel

11 set in K Make a place difficult to enter, disconnect

12 stand for L Get rid of

13 tear (tore, torn) down

M Become less noisy or active

14 throw away N Become brighter and better (for weather)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Task 8. Translate the following phrasal verbs into Russian. 1 call for

2 call off

3 clear up

4 cut off

5 die down

6 do up

7 face up to

8 get (sb.) down

9 put down to

10 put out

11 set in

12 stand for

13 tear (tore, torn) down

14 throw away Task 9. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. Accessible only by air, the town is cut................. from the rest of the country. 2. Winter seems to be setting....................... early this year. 3. Rescuers had to call …............... the search because of worsening weather conditions. 4. The apartment was done..................... in Viennese style. 5. I was having difficulty reading, which I put......................... to the poor light. 6. The barbecue won't be ready until the flames have died............................. . 7. A lot of the old tower blocks have been torn ….................to make way for new housing. 8. What does ATM stand.................................? 9. I shouldn't have thrown............................... the receipt. 10. Dealing with children who are so damaged calls...................... immense tact and sensitivity. 11. She had to face …................ …......... the fact that he was guilty. 12. Human Rights groups are calling............................. the release of political prisoners.

Task 10. Fill in the gaps with the correct verb. 1. The rescue services are still trying to ….......... out the fires. 2. The trip to Italy might be …................ off. 3. His lack of social life was beginning to …................ him down. 4. They'll never offer you another job; you might as well ….................... up to it. 5. The music was …....................... down. The show was over. 6. I don't know what happened - we just got …....................off. 7. Though Republicans …......................... for the president to fire him, Brown refused to step down. 8. They ….............................. up an old cottage in the Scottish Highlands. Task 11. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions. get rid

become brighter

represent, put up with

make sth. stop burning

require, need, demand

destroy or remove

start and be likely to continue for a while

make sb. feel sad

suggest that sth. Is the result of

accept sth and try to deal with it

cancel

become less powerful and active

make a place difficult to enter or communicate, disconnect

repair, paint or improve PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p.124) Task 12. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. Who has control …............ the budget? 2. 'Do you need any help?' 'No. It's …................. control, thanks.' 3. What would she find …................... the end of her journey? 4. What did you decide …................. the end? 5. I don't know why you're making such a fuss …................... it. 6. He longed …............ the good old days when teachers were shown respect. 7. The economy is …............... a terrible mess. 8. People should take responsibility …............. their own health. 9. Al wanted to smoke, but there were no ashtrays …............... sight. 10. You will have off days when you are tired or a bit......................... the weather.

Task 13. Complete the following sentences with the English equivalent of the combinations in the brackets. 1. She used diet and exercise to bring her weight (под контролем) …....................... 2. The medicine was starting (оказывать действие) …....................... and the pain eased. 3. My parents' divorce (повлиял) …............................. on me. 4. I don't know what it will be, but I shall find a way to help her (наконец) …..................... 5. She felt unenthusiastic and couldn't see why everyone else (создавали такой шум, ажиотаж) …................................. 7. It (заняло много времени) …................................. to get everything ready. 8. The burglars left the house (в ужасном беспорядке) …...................................... 9. If I (всё напорчу, провалю дело) …........................... of it that woman is going to be so glad. 10. So suppliers must (взять ответственность за) ….............................. for the delivery of fully-tested components. 11. (На первый взгляд)............................................ he seemed to be about 50. 12. I was in a hurry and after some time I (потерял её из виду) …......................... 13. (Промышленные отходы)...............................had leaked into the water supply. 14. You will have off days when you are tired or (чувствуешь недомогание) …................................................................................ WORD PATTERNS (p.124) Task 14. Complete the sentences with the correct prepositions. 1. The signs of drug addiction are familiar …...... most doctors. 2. Local residents were disappointed …......... the decision 3. The children are aware ….. the danger of taking drugs. 4. His back injury may prevent him …........... playing in tomorrow's game. 5. He's a nice guy, but a little short …......... brains. 6. Travellers to Africa are being warned …............. the danger of HIV infection. 7. The eruption of the volcano covered states as far away as Montana …......... a fine layer of ash. 8. She felt fine except …............ being a little tired. 9. The man glanced nervously …....... his watch. 10. France is famous ….......... its wine. Task 15. There is one odd word in each sentence. Find and correct the mistakes. 1. Bill became aware of that he was still holding his glass. 2. Everyone went with except for Scott and Dan. 3. I can't expect from her to be on time if I'm late myself. 4. Are you familiar with to this type of machine? 5. A strong wind made the race very hard of going.

6. The rules are intended to prevent from accidents. 7. Your little girl's not short on of confidence, is she? 8. I warned you about not to walk home alone. WORD FORMATION (p.124) Task 16. Complete the table. NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE ADVERB

------------------------ inaccuracy

accurate inaccurate

----------------------- -----------------------

danger ------------------------ ------------------------ dangerous

dangerously

------------------------ developer

develop ------------------------ (un)developed

------------------------ ------------------------

environmental environmentally

extremity ------------------------

extreme -----------------------

freezer …………….. ………….. freezing

------------------------ ------------------------ globally

greatness ------------------------ greatly

harm ------------------------ ----------------------- (un)harmed

harmfully harmlessly

------------------------ likely unlikely

lowness ------------------------ ------------------------ ------------------------

nature (un)------------------- (un)------------------

------------------------ ------------------------

------------------------ neighbourly

------------------------ ------------------------

pollute (un)-------------------

------------------------ ------------------------

reside ------------------------

sun ------------------------

------------------------

Task 17. Complete the sentences by changing the word in bold. 1) I nearly ___________________ to death watching that football match yesterday. 2) Using a seatbelt will reduce the _______________ of serious injury in a car accident. 3) Jansen's review contained several ______________, so the boss gave it back to her to rewrite 4) Do you think we should ______________ the price? 5) More recent targets are cancer and other illnesses that may be caused by air and water ____________________. 6) 80% of Americans think that television is _____________ to society and especially to children. 7) It was very cold, which seemed _______________ for late spring. 8) Earthquakes are __________________ difficult to predict. 9) The fair attracted hundreds of people from the _________________________ towns and villages.

freeze like accuracy low pollute harm nature extreme neighbour

Unit 22 ● Money and shopping TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 136) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A)

1 economic A money owed for goods or services supplied 2 economical B a trade name or trademark 3 receipt C something produced by effort, or some mechanical

or industrial process 4 bill D something, such as a proposal 5 make (n) E to give someone something in return for something

that they give you 6 brand F made of a light, strong substance that is produced

by a chemical process 7 bargain G the sum in money or goods for which anything is

or may be bought or sold 8 sale H made to look like something real in order to trick

people 9 discount I relating to an economy, economics, or finance 10 offer (n) J something bought or offered at a low price 11 price K money in the form of coins and notes 12 cost L the place where you pay in a supermarket or other

large shop 13 change (n) M a product, method or style of manufacture 14 cash N money-drawer in a cash-register 15 wealth O using the minimum required; not wasteful of time,

effort, resources, etc; thrifty 16 fortune P to give back (money), as when an article

purchased is unsatisfactory 17 till (n) Q the exchange of goods, property, or services for an

agreed sum of money or credit 18 checkout R objects that are produced for sale 19 products S the price paid or required for acquiring, producing,

or maintaining something, usually measured in money, time, or energy

20 goods T a large amount of money and valuable material possessions

21 refund U to sell at a reduced price 22 exchange V a written statement that sth (money or goods) has

been received 23 fake W coins rather than notes 24 plastic X an amount of wealth or material prosperity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Task 2. Translate the following words into English. 1 economic 2 economical 3 receipt 4 bill 5 make (n) 6 brand 7 bargain 8 sale 9 discount 10 offer (n) 11 price 12 cost 13 change (n) 14 cash 15 wealth 16 fortune 17 till (n) 18 checkout 19 products 20 goods 21 refund 22 exchange 23 fake 24 plastic Task 3. Guess the words from their definitions. 1 a large amount of money and valuable material

possessions 2 to sell at a reduced price 3 a written statement that sth (money or goods) has been

received 4 coins rather than notes 5 an amount of wealth or material prosperity 6 the exchange of goods, property, or services for an

agreed sum of money or credit 7 objects that are produced for sale 8 the price paid or required for acquiring, producing, or

maintaining something, usually measured in money, time, or energy

9 relating to an economy, economics, or finance 10 something bought or offered at a low price 11 money in the form of coins and notes 12 the place where you pay in a supermarket or other large

shop

13 a product, method or style of manufacture 14 money-drawer in a cash-register 15 using the minimum required; not wasteful of time,

effort, resources, etc; thrifty 16 to give back (money), as when an article purchased is

unsatisfactory 17 money owed for goods or services supplied 18 a trade name or trademark 19 something produced by effort, or some mechanical or

industrial process 20 something, such as a proposal 21 to give someone something in return for something that

they give you 22 made of a light, strong substance that is produced by a

chemical process 23 the sum in money or goods for which anything is or may

be bought or sold 24 made to look like something real in order to trick people Task 4. Complete the sentences using the word from Task 1. 1. Make sure you are given a ___________________ for everything you buy. 2. It’s my favourite umbrella _____________________. 3. I bought this in the January __________________. 4. The _______________ of oil has risen sharply. 5. They asked the waitress for the ______________. 6. He is a man of _________________. He’s got plenty of money. 7. They do a range of skin-care ____________________. 8. The government's __________________ policies have led us into the worst recession for years. 9. Your fruit and vegetables will be weighed at the _______________. 10. What _________________ is your stereo? 11. There is a 25% discount on all electrical _____________ until the end of the week. 12. There's increasing demand for cars which are more ______________ on fuel. 13. Will you pay by credit card or in _________________? 14. It's difficult for most people to cope with the rising cost of healthcare. 15. Next time you have the __________ open, could you give me some change? 16. This coat was half-price - a real __________________. 17. They were given food and shelter in ______________________ for work. 18. "If you like I can do some shopping for you." "That's a very kind ______________." 19. She inherited a ___________________ from her grandmother. 20. He was charged with possessing a ________________ passport. 21. They usually give you a ________________ if you buy multiple copies. 22. We are to cut down on using _____________ bags to help the environment. 23. I took the radio back to the shop and asked for a _________________. 24. Have you got _______________ for a twenty-dollar bill?

Task 5. Fill in the gaps. Guess the word by the first letter. 1. There was no s_______________ for luxuries. 2. What's the most e__________________ way of heating this building? 3. A t____________ is a drawer in a cash register. 4. M_________ is a type of product or the name of the company which made it. 5. You can make a f________________ out of junk if you call it 'antiques'. 6. I'm trying to cut down on dairy p____________________. 7. The country has been in a very poor e_______________ state ever since the decline of its two major industries. 8. They offer a 10 percent d_______________ on rail travel for students. 9. When you buy a new computer, you usually get software included at no extra c_______________. 10. She ran up (= caused herself to have) a huge phone b___________ talking to her boyfriend for hours. 11. She works on the c__________________ at the local supermarket. 12. The airline regularly offers last-minute bookings at b_____________ prices. 13. During a successful business career, she accumulated a great amount of w_______________. 14. The house insurance will not cover your personal g_________________. 15. R________________ is a piece of paper which proves that money, goods or information have been received 16. He says he wants c______________ in advance before he'll do the job. 17. She gave me £5 in c_________________. 18. I must say the o_____________ of a weekend in Barcelona quite tempts me. 19. She proposes an e________________ of contracts at two o'clock. 20. This isn't my usual b_____________ of deodorant. 21. Do you really think that you can deceive experienced art dealers with this f________________ oil painting? 22. House p_______________ have been falling. 23. I hate drinking out of p_______________ cups. 24. R________________ is a sum of money one can get back when an article purchased is unsatisfactory. Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word. 1. You should keep all your credit cards (квитанции) ______________. 2. We thought they were asking a very high (цена) _________________. 3. Do you know the most popular (модели) _________________ of cars? 4. The family lives in (достаток, богатство) ___________________. 5. After the war there were shortages of food and consumer (товары) _____________. 6. It's more (экономный) __________________ to go by bus. 7. When we went to the (распродажа) _____________ it was four of us and we had a jolly good time. 8. The plant is famous for a large range of (продукция) ________________.

9. Could we have the (счет) _____________, please? 10. The supermarket chain announced that it was cutting the (стоимость) ___________ of all its fresh and frozen meat. 11. The price of your ticket will be (возвращен) _________________ to you if you cannot make your journey as planned. 12. It’s an unknown trade (торговая марка) _______________. 13. My dad always used to carry a lot of small (мелкие деньги) _____________ in his pocket. 14. I think these items have been rung up wrongly on the (касса в магазине или банке) _____________. 15. The sales had started and the (низкие цены)_________________ hunters (= people looking for things at a low price) were out in force. 16. Any painting by Van Gogh is worth a (состояние) _________________. 17. Choose your CD-ROMs and proceed to (контроль) __________________. 18. One day I'll take you up on (= accept) that (предложение) ______________. 19. Do you have any (наличные деньги) ________________ on you? 20. Several people were killed during the (обмен) ______________ of gunfire. 21. She goes in for (фальшивый) _______________ fur. 22. The project will bring great (экономический) ________________ benefits to the city. 23. There is a wide choice of (пластмассовый) _________________ goods. 24. PCs are often sold at 25 per cent to 30 per cent (скидка) _______________. PHRSAL VERBS (p. 136) Task 7. Match the phrasal verbs with their definition. 1 bank on A inherit 2 come across B manage to survive 3 come by C to use up or finish something 4 come into D the money that you use to buy the things that you need5 do without E get sth, especially sth that is hard to get 6 get by F to visit a place and look at the things in it 7 get through G write all the necessary information on the cheque 8 give away H to compensate for something bad with something good9 live on I to find sth or meet by chance 10 look round J to set aside (money, goods, etc.) to be kept for the

future; store; save 11 make out K do without (sth you can’t afford) 12 make up for L to give sth to someone without asking for payment;

reveal sth you are trying to hide 13 put by M to expect sth or depend on sth happening 14 save up (for) N to keep money so that you can buy something with it

in the future

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Task 8. Write down the corresponding phrasal verbs. 1 оставлять, выписывать (документ, чек и т. п.),

выставлять (счет) 2 компенсировать 3 рассчитывать 4 случайно встретиться, наткнуться 5 жить на 6 осмотреться; осматривать (помещение,

экспонат) 7 приобретать, доставать 8 унаследовать 9 откладывать деньги 10 экономит 11 обходиться 12 перебиваться 13 закончить 14 дарить, отдавать бесплатно; выдавать (секрет) Task 9. Fill in prepositions. 1. How can he get ________ on so little money? 2. Cheap organic food is still difficult to come ________. 3. He made _________ a grant (доверенность) in his son’s name 4. We lived ________ very little when we first got married. 5. She came ___________ a bit of money when her grandfather died. 6. No amount of money can make ____ ________ the death of a child. 7. You can bank ________ him always arriving on time. 8. She spent the afternoon looking _____________ the shops. 9. Telephone me when you get ______________ with the article, and we'll have dinner together. 10. There's no mayonnaise left, so I'm afraid you'll just have to do ___________. 11. The party was meant to be a surprise, but Sharon gave it ___________. 12. He came ___________ some of his old love letters in his wife's drawer. 13. If you want a new bike, you'd better start saving ________. 14. He is planning to put ________ some money for the future. Task 10. Fill in a verb in the right form. 1. At the age of eighteen, Pete suddenly ___________ into fortune. 2. We're _______________ through a lot of coffee. 3. He bought me dinner to _______________ up for being so late the day before. 4. "Do you think she'll come?" "I wouldn't ______________ on it". 5. He tries to ____________ a little by each month for college. 6. Thank you Kate, we can ____________ without language like that (= we don't want to hear your rude language). 7. Nobody wants this type of heater anymore - I can't even __________ it away!

8. I'd like to know how she came by that black eye. 9. When we went to Stratford, we only had a couple of hours to ________ round. 10. I _________ across some old photographs while I was cleaning out my desk. 11. Could you please ______________out a check? 12. He more or less ____________ on his salary. 13. It took me ages to______________ up enough money to buy a new car. 14. We can _________by with four computers at the moment, but we'll need a couple more when the new staffs arrive. Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb in the right form. 1. She (жить на) can’t ________________ her pension. 2. When the concert was cancelled, my dad took us to the cinema to (компенсировать) ____________________ it. 3. Daniel's (экономить) _________________ for a computer with CD-ROM. 4. I'd (рассчитывать) ________________ getting a pay rise this year. 5. We have suddenly (унаследовать) _________________ fortune! 6. The manager (выписывать) _______________ an invoice. 7. We can (обходиться) _______________ your criticisms thank you 8. He (осматриваться) __________________ with shiny gladness. 9. When did you (случайно встретиться) ______________ our old friend? 10. Don't (выдавать) _______________ the ending of the story, it'll spoil it. 11. I can (закончить) _______________ a lot more work when I'm on my own. 12. Do you ever (приобретать, доставать) _____________ any old books? 13. He is trying to (откладывать деньги) ________________ for emergencies. 14. I'll (перебиваться) _____________ with a bicycle until we can afford a car. Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions. 1 get sth, especially sth that is hard to get 2 inherit 3 to find sth or meet by chance 4 to give sth to someone without asking for payment;

reveal sth you are trying to hide 5 to visit a place and look at the things in it 6 to be able to live or deal with a situation with difficulty,

usually by having just enough of something you need, such as money

7 write all the necessary information on the cheque 8 to expect sth or depend on sth happening 9 the money that you use to buy the things that you need 10 to set aside (money, goods, etc.) to be kept for the

future; store; save 11 do without (sth you can’t afford) 12 to keep money so that you can buy something with it in

the future 13 to compensate for something bad with something good 14 to use up or finish sth

PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p. 136) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition or word. 1. The company is deep __________ debt. 2. Any increase ___________ production would be helpful. 3. Would you stop making jokes __________ my expense? 4. Who will be ______ charge ________ the department when Sophie leaves? 5. The government is unlikely to agree to the rebels' demands ___ independence. 6. She makes a big profit ________ selling waste material to textile companies. 7. They didn't deliver the right amount_______ sand. 8. You'll have to wait _______ least an hour. 9. I can't cancel my arrangements _________ such short notice. 10. Stop. You've made enough _________ a mess already. Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word.

1. They _______________ you $20 just to get in the nightclub. 2. He was happy about the _________________ in pay. 3. All these had to be bought at very short ______________. 4. Luckily she had _____________ some money for a rainy day. 5. Good teachers are always in great ________________. 6. The new tax caused a huge _____________ of public anger. 7. I can put this lunch on my __________________ account. 8. I've had________________ of your excuses 9. I would like to thank my publisher, my editor and, last but not ____________________, my husband. 10. He is in ________________ to me for a large sum.

enough amount least saved debt notice charge expense demand increase

WORD PATTERNS (p. 136) Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. I completely forgot _____________ Gemma's party. 2. The old woman went from house to house, begging __________ bread. 3. He fell in the river but his friend saved him ____________ drowning. 4. They belong _______ the same chess club. 5. How much does the hotel charge _________ a room?

6. He borrowed a novel __________ the library 7. They were arguing ___________ which film to go and see. 8. If you need a coat I can lend one ________ you. 9. Did Linda pay you ____________ looking after her cats while she was away? 10. He has always demanded the highest standards of behaviour ________ his children. Task 16. Match to make sentences. 1 What do you charge A to the daisy family 2 She would never forget B that he return the books he borrowed. 3 I profited enormously C to take pills. 4 I don't know how he can

afford D from you until next week?

5 She demanded E on your homework? 6 How long do you spend F to buy a new car on his salary. 7 This plant belongs G from working with her. 8 Dad's always forgetting H for a haircut and blow-dry? 9 Could I borrow your

bike I seeing the Himalayas for the first time.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

WORD FORMATION (p. 136) Task 17. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word.

Noun Verb Adjective Adverb ……………… accepting

………………

acceptable ………………

acceptably ………………..

……………. assistant

…………………

day everyday ……………………

……………….

economy ……………… ………………

economical …………………..

………………. uneconomically

end ………………

end ending ………………….

expense ……………….

expensive ………………..

…………………

…………………

finance ………………

……………….

……………….

financially

……………… ………………

invest

……………… luxuries

………………

………………

pay ……………..

…………….

paid ………………..

…………………

…………………

………………..

reality ………………..

……………….

………………. realistic

really …………………

………………… valuation

value

………………. invaluable …………………

valuably ………………..

Task 18. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold. 1 Clearly we need to come to an arrangement that is

…………………………… to both parties.

accept

2 It's an ……………………. perfume; it does not cost a lot of money

expense

3 Death was an ………………….. occurrence during the Civil War.

day

4 He's still ………………….. dependent on his parents.

finance

5 She's in her third year of ………………. at York University.

economist

6 We used to have ……………………….arguments about politics.

end

7 The new job will provide you with ……………….. experience.

value

8 Can I be of any ………………….., madam?

assist

9 As he watched the TV drama, he suddenly ………………… that he'd seen it before.

real

10 He immigrated to Australia to escape the grinding (= very great) ……………………… of his birthplace.

poor

REVISION Task 19. Translate into English. 1 получать выгоду от

2 хорошего понемножку; достаточно

3 компенсировать

4 экономит

5 отложить на чёрный день

6 случайно встретиться, наткнуться

7 за мой счёт

8 ведать, заведовать, руководить чем-л.,

возглавлять что-л.; присматривать за кем-л. 9 одолжить у кого-л.

10 быть многим обязанным кому-л.

11 по меньшей мере

12 унаследовать состояние

13 заплатить долг

14 в короткий срок, за короткий промежуток

времени 15 потребность в

Unit 24 ● Entertainment TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 148) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. 1 scene A To have a part in a play or a film

2 entertain B a short performance by an actor, singer etc that someone watches to judge if they are good enough to act in a play, sing in a concert etc

3 rehearsal C A small set of musicians who play pop music

4 group D The furniture and painted background on a theatre stage

5 scenery E To get pleasure from smth.

6 star F To perform in plays or films

7 practise G The part of a theatre where the actors perform

8 orchestra H a large group of musicians playing many different kinds of instruments and led by a conductor

9 play I a time when all the people in a play, concert etc practise before a public performance

10 enjoy J To give a performance that people enjoy

11 stage K a single piece of action that happens in one place in a play, film, book etc

12 audition L to practise a play or concert in order to prepare for a public performance

13 band M a group of musicians who play popular music

14 rehearse N To repeat an activity regularly so that you become better at it

15 act O if someone stars in a film, television show etc, they are one of the main characters in it

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

1 see A A long written story about imaginary characters and

events

2 review B someone whose job is to tell jokes and make people laugh

3 fee C To watch sth such as a film or television programme

4 hear D an article in a newspaper or magazine that gives an opinion about a new book, play, film etc

5 criticism E an amount of money that you pay to do something or enter a place or that you pay to a professional person for their work

6 cartoon F A comment or comments that show that that you think sth. Is wrong or bad

7 listen G a short film that is made by photographing a series of drawings

8 fiction H to look at someone or something for a period of time, paying attention to what is happening

9 novel I to pay attention to what someone is saying or to a sound that you can hear

10 watch J to turn your eyes towards something, so that you can see it

11 comic K to realise that sb. or sth. Is making a sound

12 look L books and stories about imaginary people and events

13 comedian M a magazine that tells a story in a series of drawings

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Task 2. Give the Russian equivalent of the following words. 1 rehearsal

2 scenery

3 star(v)

4 play(v)

5 stage

6 audition

7 rehearse

8 act(v)

9 review(n)

10 fee

11 comic

12 comedian

13 fiction

14 novel

Task 3. Guess the words from their definition. 1 a short performance by an actor, singer etc that

someone watches to judge if they are good enough to act in a play, sing in a concert etc

2 the part of a theatre where the actors perform

3 to pay attention to what someone is saying or to a sound that you can hear

4 a group of musicians who play popular music

5 a long written story about imaginary characters and events

6 to have a part in a play or a film

7 a time when all the people in a play, concert etc practise before a public performance

8 to watch sth such as a film or television programme

9 if someone stars in a film, television show etc, they are one of the main characters in it

10 a small set of musicians who play pop music

11 to look at someone or something for a period of time, paying attention to what is happening

12 the furniture and painted background on a theatre stage

13 someone whose job is to tell jokes and make people laugh

14 to turn your eyes towards something, so that you can see it

14 to get pleasure from sth.

16 a short film that is made by photographing a series of drawings

17 to perform in plays or films

18 to realise that sb. or sth. is making a sound

19 a large group of musicians playing many different kinds of instruments and led by a conductor

20 an article in a newspaper or magazine that gives an opinion about a new book, play, film etc

21 to give a performance that people enjoy

22 an amount of money that you pay to do something or enter a place or that you pay to a professional person for their work

23 a single piece of action that happens in one place in a play, film, book etc

24 a comment or comments that show that that you think sth. Is wrong or bad

25 to practise a play or concert in order to prepare for a public performance

26 a magazine that tells a story in a series of drawings

27 to repeat an activity regularly so that you become better at it

28 books and stories about imaginary people and events Task 4. Fill in the gaps with the following words. playing rehearsal review rehearse auditions novels band scene stage criticism fees enjoyed entertained cartoon stars 1. In the final …......................, Harry tells Sabrina he loves her. 2. Park entrance …................... have gone up to $15. 3. The director made us …...................... the opening scenes over and over. 4. Most of the students said that they had really ….................... the day out. 5. She'd been to several …............................ and not been offered anything 6. She ….................................the children with stories, songs and drama. 7. …..........................................a character so different from herself was a challenge. 8. The …............................. shows a group of elephants trying to get into a phone-box. 9. Hugh Grant …...................... as the romantic hero. 10. Is the performance to be videoed without an audience at a final …..........................l? 11.The band was playing old Beatles songs. 12. This is the study where Hemingway wrote the legendary ….......................'Death in the Afternoon' and 'For Whom the Bell Tolls' 13. Our first English assignment was to write a book …........................ 14. Bill's very sensitive to any kind of ….............................. 15. She appeared on ….....................with George Michael. Task 5. Complete the sentences guessing the word by the first letter. 1. Changes to the script are often made during r................................ 2. It was a wonderful vacation - we e............................ every minute of it 3. She is a.......................... the role of Lady Macbeth six evenings a week. 4. I’ve got an a.................. for the Bournemouth Symphony O................................on Friday. 5. Eastwood s......................... in 'The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly'. 6. The entertainment includes a disco and live b........................... 7. Wilberforce had just written a long Wilberforce had just written a long r.....................of Darwin's book. 8. The new Sidney Shelton n........................is to be adapted for film later in the year.

9. I had to laugh at the absurdity of the s................................ 10. The band has been r................................. at the studio all day. Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word. 1. My father always (получал удовольствие) …....................playing golf at weekends. 2. Streep (исполняет роль) …................................ a shy, nervous woman. 3. I first started (играть) ….....................when I was 12 years old. 4. We’re having our first (репетиция) …................................ of 'Hamlet' tonight. 5. They formed (музыкальный ансамбль) …......................... when they were still at school. 6. The movie got good(отзывы) …................................ 7. He is currently in New York (репетирует) ….......................... for "The Taming of the Shrew." 8. The government faces severe (критика) ….................... for its slow response to the disaster. 9. She is(на сцене) …...................... for most of the play. 10. Cable TV subscribers pay monthly(плата) ….................... PHRASAL VERBS (p.148) Task 7. Match the following phrasal verbs with their definitions. 1 come (a)round A Give sb or sth the same name as sb or smh else

2 count on B Become successful or popular very fast

3 drop off C Happen again

4 drown out D If smth grows on you, you start to like it more

5 fall for E Try to attract people's attention and make them admire

6 get along (with) F Fall asleep

7 go down (as) G Have a good relationship

8 grow on H disappoint

9 let down I Rely on

10 name after J Prevent a sound from being heard by making a louder noise

11 put on K perform(a show, a play)

12 show off L Look or behave like an older relative

13 take after M Believe that a trick or a joke is true

14 take off N Be remembered for having done smth 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Task 8. Translate the following phrasal verbs into Russian. 1 come (a)round

2 count on

3 drop off

4 drown out

5 fall for

6 get along (with)

7 go down (as)

8 grow on

9 let down

10 name after

11 put on

12 show off

13 take after

14 take off Task 9. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. Billy, please stop showing …........ and sit down quietly! 2. The talks went …...............as a landmark in the peace process. 3. Jenny really takes …................. her mother. 4. By the time the summer came …................., Kelly was feeling much better. 5. Mimi became jealous when Jack's career started taking …................ 6. A train blew its whistle and drowned ….......................his voice. 7. One summer the children put …........................ a play. 8. At around 12.30, she did eventually drop …............ for an hour or so. 9. He is too smart to fall …................ that trick. 10. Bill was named ….......... his father. 11. I don't understand why you two girls don't get …............ Task 10. Fill in the gaps with verb in the correct form. 1. You can …..................on me. 2. Jane …............... off to sleep on the living room couch. 3. The summer passed away and the golden months of autumn …............. round. 4. The noise of the battle was …....................out by his aircraft's engine. 5. He’s a nice boy - very easy to …............. along with. 6. The Daily Mirror …........for their story and put it on the front page, with a picture of the dead monkey. 7. I hated his music at first, but then it ….......... on me 8. Her singing career …........ off after an appearance on Johnny Carson's "Tonight' show in America.

9. The street is ….............. after the famous South African leader, Nelson Mandela. 10. He doesn't usually drive as fast as this. He's just …............off because you're here. 11. When I was sent to prison, I really felt I had …........... my parents down. Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb. 1. In the north, the party can (rely on)....................... fairly widespread support. 2. She kept (fall asleep) ….................. for a few minutes, before waking with a start. 3. I used to argue a lot with my parents, but now we (have a good relationship) …............... fine. 4. The carnival (will be remembered) …............ in history as one of the best ever. 5. At last, this was a chance (to boast) ….............her talents before a real audience. 6. The boy felt (disappointed) …................ when he sow that his brother didn't come to his concert. Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions. 1 Try to attract people's attention and make them admire

2 Give sb or sth the same name as sb or sth else

3 Be remembered for having done sth

4 Fall asleep

5 Become successful or popular very fast

6 Happen again

7 Believe that a trick or a joke is true

8 disappoint

9 Have a good relationship

10 Rely on sb.

11 Prevent a sound from being heard by making a louder noise

12 Look or behave like an older relative

13 If sth grows on you, you start to like it more

14 Perform a show or a play PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p. 148) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. He’s one of the few writers who can make me laugh …...... loud. 2. Sit down and make yourself …....home. 3. I’m reluctant to part …............any of the kittens, but we need the money. 4. George, with his dark hair and blue eyes, made an impression …..... almost

everyone he met. 4. I never joke ….............. money. 6. The two of them walked all the way to Matilda's house …........... complete silence. 7. We have placed one of the pieces ….............show in the lobby. 8. Excuse me, are you …..........the queue? 9. She wondered if the others were playing a joke …......... her. 10. He can laugh …......................his strange circumstances and at himself. Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word. When you go for a job interview, you have just a few minutes to …............. an impression. The organizer tries to make the children laugh by ….................. jokes. Everybody looked at each other and ….................. out laughing. One minute they were sitting there looking self-conscious and the next they were ….......................with laughter. The shape of the group really …................. some impression of an arrow! Thousands of protesters stood in................ outside the prison gates. The university ….................. a party to welcome them. We had to …...................... up for ages to get served. Elwood …......................the show with a marvellous performance.

threw burst stole telling does make queue silence roaring

WORD PATTERNS (p.148) Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. I must apologize …...... my son's behaviour -- he isn't usually this moody. 2. I think you should apologize …....... your brother. 3. Mom wasn't happy …....... Tess going off travelling on her own. 4. Instead …..........being annoyed, he seemed quite pleased. 5. On the whole, I'm happy …............ the way I look. 6. What did you say ….......... her?

Task 16. Fill in the gaps with to-infinitive or ing-form. 1. Don’t lie to her. She's bound...................... (find) out. 2. I don't like him …............... (take) all the credit when he didn't do any of the work. 3. She doesn't like..................... (swear) in front of the children. 4. Would you like me...................... (pick) you up in the morning? 5. Bill had done everything he could to avoid.......................(talk) to me. 6. Anna enjoys.......................... (work) with children 7. And I think we deserve........................ (get) the highest prize. 8. I didn't really like the book, but the movie is supposed..................... (be) very funny. 9. The design proved..................... (be) a success. WORD FORMATION (p.148) Task 17. Complete the table. NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE ADVERB

1) act 2) acting 3) actor 4) actress 5) action 6) activity

…............................ 1)active 2).............................

1)........................... 2) inactively

…......................... ….......................... 1)amusing 2..............................

1)........................ 2) unamusingly

1) bore 2)............................

….................. 1)................... 2) boring

boringly

conversation ……………….

current …........................

1) entertaining 2)........................ 3) entertainer

entertain entertaining

…........................... …................. 1) exciting 2) unexciting 3) excited

excitedly

fame 1).......................... 2) infamous

1)............................ 2) infamously

….......................... …............................ 1) involved 2) uninvolved

1)........................... 2) performer

…............................ performing

…............................ 1) popular 2) unpopular

…...........................

……………… say

…............................ …........................... 1) suggested 2) suggestive

suggestively

1)................. 2) variation

…......................... 1) (in)variable 2) varying 3) varied 4).................

1)(in)variably 2).......................

Task 18. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word. 1 So what do you do for …...................................... in this

town? entertain

2 I had to sign ….................... documents before they would let me into the country.

vary

3 Most people don't realize the amount of effort …........................... in writing a novel.

involve

4 I like a newspaper with one or two …............................... articles, as well as all the serious stuff.

amuse

5 How can you be so …......................... about a stupid computer game?

excite

6 As his lessons are …..............................., Mr Venables must be the most unpopular teacher in school

popular

7 There was never any …...................... of criminal …...................................

suggest involve

8 Rebecca has always loved hiking and other outdoor …........................

act

9 You can't judge a book by its cover, as the old ….................... goes.

say

10 Sinatra remains one of the top …................................of all time.

entertain

Unit 26 ● Fashion and Design TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 160) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A) 1 match A to have sth on your body as clothing, decoration or

protection

2 costume B a set of clothes made of the same material, usually including a jacket with trousers or a skirt

3 fit C to cover your body with a piece of clothing, decoration or protection so that you are wearing it

4 put on D to use machines to make goods or materials, usually in large numbers or amounts

5 cloth E a set of clothes worn by actors in a film or a play

6 blouse F if one thing matches another, or if two things match, they look attractive together

7 wear(v) G a piece of clothing that you wear on the upper part of your body

8 dye H to give something a different colour using a dye

9 suit(n) I a shirt for women

10 top J to decide how sth will be made, how it will work, and often to make drawings of it

11 manufacture K to put paint on a surface to change the colour

12 suit(v) L material used for making things such as clothes

13 paint M if a piece of clothing fits you, it is the right size for your body

14 design(v) N the clothes that people wear

15 clothing (unc) O if clothes suit you it means you look attractive 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

B) 1 look(n) A to quickly look at someone or something and then look away

2 everyday B happening or existing now

3 supply C way somebody/something looks

4 current D to make or grow sth

5 glimpse E very common and completely normal

6 modern F recently made, built, invented, written, designed

7 appearance G the amount you get when you add together several quantities and divide this by the total number of quantities and typical of most people or things

8 average H to provide people with something that they need or want

9 new I belonging to the present time or most recent time

10 glance J the appearance that someone or something has

11 produce K to see someone or something for a moment without getting a complete view of them (to catch sight of)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Task 2. Give the Russian equivalent of the following words. 1 dye

2 fit

3 suit

4 match

5 cloth

6 design

7 manufacture

8 current

9 look

10 supply

11 glimpse

12 Glance

13 average Task 3. Guess the words from their definition. 1 to provide people with something that they need or want

2 a set of clothes worn by actors in a film or a play

3 to put paint on a surface to change the colour

4 To make or grow sth

5 to have sth on your body as clothing, decoration or protection

6 material used for making things such as clothes

7 belonging to the present time or most recent time

8 a set of clothes made of the same material, usually including a jacket with trousers or a skirt

9 very common and completely normal

10 to cover your body with a piece of clothing, decoration or protection so that you are wearing it

11 happening or existing now

12 to use machines to make goods or materials, usually in large numbers or amounts

13 if clothes suit you it means you look attractive

14 to decide how sth will be made, how it will work, and often to make drawings of it

15 recently made, built, invented, written, designed

16 if one thing matches another, or if two things match, they look attractive together

17 way somebody/something looks

18 a piece of clothing that you wear on the upper part of your body

19 to give something a different colour using a dye

20 the appearance that someone or something has

21 a shirt for women

22 to quickly look at someone or something and then look away

23 if a piece of clothing fits you, it is the right size for your body

24 the amount you get when you add together several quantities and divide this by the total number of quantities and typical of most people or things

25 the clothes that people wear

26 to see someone or something for a moment without getting a complete view of them (to catch sight of)

Task 4. Fill in the gaps with the following words. dyed fit match costume glancing glimpsed look current manufactured average supplies suit 1. All the guests attended the party in Victorian costume. 2. He’s put on so much weight that his clothes don't fit any more. 3. She’s dyed her hair red -- it looks so unnatural. 4. The car was designed, developed, and manufactured in collaboration with Honda.

4. For every outfit, Stephanie seemed to have a handbag and shoes to match. 6. What is your current occupation? 7. Dr Morse kept glancing nervously at his watch. 8. Her long straight hair and dark eye make-up give her a sort of late-'60s look. 9. Steve was wearing a red silk shirt that didn't suit him at all. 10. The company supplies fish to local shops and restaurants. 11. From the corner of my eye, I glimpsed a man running out of the store. 12. The average family spends about £50 a week on food. Task 5. Complete the sentences guessing the word by the first letter. 1. In the lounge everything m...........................: the curtains, the sofa, the carpet and the cushions. 2. He took off his uniform and p............................ a sweater and trousers. 3. He g...................over his shoulder, the man was coming towards him, pushing through the crowd. 4 When Carolyn was younger, she always w......................... bright colors like red 5. In the 1850s, Stanford started his business by s................................. miners with shovels 6. The main trade was the production of woollen c.............................. 7. My daughter wore a witch c.......................in the Halloween parade. 8. The pants were a little tight at first, but after I wore them a few times, they f...............like a glove. 9. Do you think this colour s....................... me? 10. She g............................. them as they passed the cafe. Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word. 1. Rosa (носила)............................ her hair in a long braid down her back. 2. She was wearing black high-heeled shoes that (сочетались) …....................... her skirt and jacket. 3. I didn't like the play much but the (костюмы) ….................. were amazing. 4. The markets are well (снабжены) …..................... with agricultural products 5. That dress would really (подходит) ….....................Annie 6. The jacket's fine, but the trousers (не подходят по размеру) ….................... 7. These pants are made with the finest wool (ткань).............................. . 8. Japanese people, (в среднем) …................................, live longer than Europeans. 9. You shouldn't judge (по внешности) …................................. 10. Because of the heat, officials are asking people to wear light, loose-fitting (одежду) …................ and to drink plenty of water.

PHRASAL VERBS (p.160) Task 7. Match the following phrasal verbs with their definitions. 1 catch on A get/put into lines

2 do away with B become old and unusable

3 draw up C become popular or fashionable

4 dress up D repeat or think about again in order to understand completely

5 go over E put on clothes to see how they look and whether they fit

6 grow out of F visit quickly or for a short time

7 hand down G get rid of

8 line up H develop from; become too big for

9 pop( in)to I remove (clothes)

10 show( a)round J create (plans, etc.)

11 take off K rip into pieces

12 tear up L put on fancy or unusual clothes

13 try on M give sth value to your children or grandchildren, usually when you die

14 wear out N take sb on a tour of a place 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Task 8. Translate the following phrasal verbs into Russian. 1 catch on

2 do away with

3 draw up

4 dress up

5 go over

6 grow out of

7 hand down

8 line up

9 pop( in)to

10 show( a)round

11 take off

12 tear up

13 try on

14 wear out Task 9. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. After only a month Terry had worn ….......... the soles of his shoes. 2. He was asked to draw ….............. proposals for reforming the law. 3. He went to the party dressed …............ as a Chicago gangster. 4. He sat on the bed to take his boots …............................ 5. People thought that the use of robots would do …...................... with boring low-paid factory jobs. 6. I had gone …........... and …............... what happened in my mind. 7. His art grew …...................... of his love of nature. 8. She started to tear his letters …................, slowly, deliberately. 9. The idea of glasses being a fashion item has been slow to catch …............................... 10. The ring was handed ….......................... to her from her grandmother. 11. The guard ordered us to line ….............. by the wall. 12. Harrison showed her …....................... the house. 13. Why don't you pop …..................... the next time you're in town? Task 10. Fill in the gaps with verb in the correct form. 1. The contract …......................... up last year. 2. When I arrived the housemother …...................... me around. 3. I need …........................ into the drugstore for a second. 4. Christopher and the other children …...................... up to receive their awards. 5. She ….....................up his letter and threw it away. 6. It’s warm in here,'' said Michael, …..................... off his jacket. 7. When I saw Meg, she ….................on some red sandals. 8. If you drive as fast as this all the time, you................................ the brakes out. 9. One of the students …........................up as a rabbit and marched around campus carrying a sign. 10............................. up a list of all the things you want to do. 11. Very often the parents …..................... their sickness down to the kids,. 12. OK, I............................. over the plan one more time, but pay attention this time. Task 11. Fill in the gaps with the correct phrasal verb. 1. I came in to find that my daughter (had put on) …..................... herself …......... in my clothes. 2. Don’t worry if you don't understand everything – she (will repeat)............................. the main points again at the end. 3. Mike: When they-came out to visit, my dad told me (to show the place) ….............. my cousin ….................. town.

4. I think he (became too big) …............................it. 5. He (put into lines)....................... the dolls ….................. from tallest to shortest. 6. The mayor (will show the place) …........................... Scott …......................the city and escort him to Super Bowl events. 7. Charlie (was removing) …............................ his shirt when the phone rang. 8. My immediate wish was (to rip into pieces) …..............................his photo …......... 9. The carpet on the stairs is getting (become old) …............................... Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions. 1 give sth value to your children or grandchildren, usually

when you die

2 become old and unusable

3 become popular or fashionable

4 develop from; become too big for

5 put on clothes to see how they look and whether they fit

6 visit quickly or for a short time

7 get rid of

8 put on fancy or unusual clothes

9 remove (clothes)

10 create(plans, etc.)

11 rip into pieces

12 get/put into lines

13 repeat or think about again in order to understand completely

14 take sb on a tour of a place PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p. 160) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. The bright flavor of paprika, …............. combination …...........sour cream, is perfect the meat of rabbit. 2. Extreme designs will go …........................ fashion as quickly as they came in 3. The party gave us all a chance to really let our hair …....................... We enjoyed ourselves and felt relaxed after working very hard. 4. Certain combinations …....... sounds are not possible in English. 5. Hats are …...................... fashion again this year (they are fashionable). 6. Can anyone give me an example …....................a transitive verb? 7. Bob complimented me ….............. my new hairstyle. 8. The agency monitors trends ….............. drug use among teenagers. 9. She acknowledged her remark had been ….......... bad taste.

Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word. 1) All Felix’s guests who came to dine at the château …................ her extravagant compliments. 2) A lot of the students here don't think for themselves, they just …................. the latest trends. 3) Between ourselves, I find them a little too deterministic for my …............. 4) Parents should …......... a good example for their children by being active and keeping fit 5) Do women really want to look like …....................models? 6) Kids …..................examples set by Arthur and his fellow third-graders. 7) John has a …..............................to tell other people how to cook. 8) Their descriptions seemed to ….................. a set pattern and always develop in the same way. 9) She dressed in a simple style that had mostly gone out of …..................... in New York.

follow(3) fashion(2) tendency paid taste set

WORD PATTERNS (p.160) Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. He was a bit anxious …........... the safety of the machinery. 2. They are working to develop technology that is useful …................ farmers. 3. It seems …................ me you don't have much choice. 4. She’s been asked to advise …........................ training the new sales team 5. He has been criticized …....................... incompetence. 6. Come at 8. That'll give me plenty …...................... time to get ready. 7. My complaint was referred …............... the manufacturers. 8. Your dad and I are so proud …..................you. 9. Zach stared …................. him in disbelief. 10. She has no use …....................people who are always complaining. 11. She kept insisting …................... her innocence. Task 16. Fill in the gaps with to-infinitive or ing-form of the verbs in the brackets 1. Doctors have criticized the government for …............... (fail) to invest enough in the health service. 2. Television is useful for …....................... (make) up your mind how to vote. 3. Mr. Naylor seems …............................ (take) very good care of his car. 4. After he recovered, he advised her against........................... (go) along with the crowd, 5. Seven-year-old Ian is proud............................. (have earned) his red belt in karate. 6. It’s no use …........................(complain) - you just need to take the test again later.

7. He insisted on …........................... (check) everything himself. 8. Kenny has spent months preparing …........................ (take) the entrance exam. WORD FORMATION (p.160) Task 17. Complete the table. NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE ADVERB

1) advertisement 2) ad(vert) 3) advertising 4) advertiser

advertise 1) advertising 2) advertised

attraction attract (un)attractive (un)attractively

beauty beautiful beautifully

decision decide 1) (in)decisive 2) undecided

(in)decisively

desire desire (un)desirable

1) enthusiast 2) enthusiasm

enthuse 1) (un)enthusiastic

(un)enthusiastically

1) expectancy 2) expectation

expect (un)expected (un)expectedly

fashion (un)fashionable (un)fashionably

1) like 2)dislike 3) likeness

1) like 2) dislike

1) like 2) alike 3) unlike 4) unlikely 5) (un)likeable

1) like 2) alike 3) likely

1) product 2) producer 3) production

produce (un)productive (un)productively

similarity

1) similar 2) dissimilar

similarly

1) style 2) stylist 3) stylishness

(un)stylish stylishly

success succeed (un)successful (un)successfully

1) use 2) usage 3) user

use 1) useful 2) useless 3) (un)usable 4) (un)used

1) usefully 2) uselessly

Task 18. Fill in the gaps with the words derived from like. 1. We all have our own ….............. and ….........when it comes to food. 2. But already she knew what it was …............. to be going home. 3. It was …........... 9 o'clock when I got home. 4. What are the ….................. effects of the law going to be? 5. I’d very …................... have done the same thing in your situation. 6. When I looked at the photo, I could see the family ….................... (схожесть) 7. My mother and I are …..................... in many ways. 8. The twins were dressed …....................... 9. He is rather shy and …................. to be in the centre of attention. 10. Ian is very ….......................... and has always had lots of friends. 11. I think it's ….................. that the police had anything to do with it.(it's not likrly to happen) Task 19. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word. 1 He made his money buying and selling ….................. cars. use

2 An …...............commander is unlikely to win the confidence of his men.

decide

3 The album is boring - all of their songs sound ….................. like

4 The present crisis bears some ….............. to the oil crisis of the 1970s.

similar

5 Ella's angry outburst was so …...................................that Mike really didn't know what to say.

expect

6 Both candidates are spending millions on television ….........................

advert

7 The better you know them, the more you can use them, the more …......................................... you will be.

success

8 We should do something to reward our most ….......................... employees.

product

9 She was a …....................... woman, always dressed to suit the occasion.

style

10 Ray was still in good shape and far more …........................ than most men his age.

desire

Unit 28 ● Work and business TOPIC VOCABULARY IN CONTRAST (p. 172) Task 1. Match the words with their definitions. A)

1 employer A to get something that is useful, that gives you an advantage, or that is in some way positive, especially over a period of time

2 employee B an activity, such as a job, which a person uses physical or mental effort to do, usually for money

3 staff C an increase

4 job D a fixed amount of money agreed every year as pay for an employee, usually paid directly into his or her bank account every month

5 work E a person or organization that gives work to people

6 career F the money you receive for doing a job

7 earn G to achieve first position and/or get a prize in a competition or competitive situation

8 win H the regular work which a person does to earn money

9 gain I a fixed amount of money that is paid, usually every week, to an employee, especially one who does work that needs physical skills or strength, rather than a job needing a college education

10 raise (n) J someone who is paid to work for someone else

11 rise (n) K to receive money as payment for work that you do

12 wage(s) L the group of people who work for an organization

13 salary M to make the same journey regularly between work and home

14 pay (n) N increase in pay

15 commute O the job or series of jobs that you do during your working life, especially if you continue to get better jobs and earn more money

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

B) 1 deliver A to remove someone from a job, usually because

they have done something wrong or badly 2 retire B when someone is raised to a higher or more

important position or rank 3 resign C an organization which sells goods or services in

order to make money 4 fire D a sum of money paid by the state to people who

have stopped working because they have reached a particular age

5 sack E to leave your job or stop working because of old age or ill health

6 make redundant

F the activity of buying and selling goods and services, or a particular company that does this, or work you do to earn money

7 overtime G to take goods, letters, parcels, etc. to people's houses or places of work

8 promotion H a system of giving money, food or help free to those who are in need because they are ill, poor or have no home, or any organization which has the purpose of providing money or helping in this way

9 pension I extra hours that someone works at their job, or money that is paid for working extra money

10 company J an organization which represents workers in a particular industry

11 firm K to state formally that you are leaving your job 12 business L a company or business 13 union M to remove someone from their job, either because

they have done something wrong or badly 14 charity N having lost your job because your employer no

longer needs you

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Task 2. Translate the following words into English. 1 наниматель, работодатель (человек или организация) 2 служащий; работающий по найму 3 штат служащих; служебный персонал; личный состав;

кадры; штаты 4 работа, труд; сдельная работа 5 работа; труд; занятие; дело 6 карьера; успех 7 зарабатывать, получать доход, получать прибыль 8 выигрывать, побеждать, одерживать победу; завоёвывать 9 получать, приобретать, добиваться

10 повышение, поднятие, увеличение 11 повышение, увеличение 12 заработная плата (рабочих) 13 жалованье, заработная плата (служащего); оклад 14 плата, уплата 15 ездить на работу в город (о жителе пригорода) 16 доставлять, разносить, развозить 17 уходить в отставку, на пенсию 18 уходить в отставку, подавать в отставку; оставлять пост 19 увольнять, выгонять с работы (1) 20 увольнять, выгонять с работы (2) 21 сокращать 22 сверхурочные часы; сверхурочное время 23 продвижение по службе; повышение в звании;

производство в чин 24 пенсия; пособие 25 компания, фирма 26 фирма 27 дело, занятие; работа 28 профсоюз, объединение; союз 29 благотворительность Task 3. Guess the words from their definitions. 1 the group of people who work for an organization 2 the regular work which a person does to earn money 3 to make the same journey regularly between work and

home 4 having lost your job because your employer no longer

needs you 5 a person or organization that gives work to people 6 to state formally that you are leaving your job 7 to take goods, letters, parcels, etc. to people's houses or

places of work 8 extra hours that someone works at their job, or money that

is paid for working extra money 9 someone who is paid to work for someone else 10 when someone is raised to a higher or more important

position or rank 11 the job or series of jobs that you do during your working

life, especially if you continue to get better jobs and earn more money

12 to remove someone from a job, usually because they have done something wrong or badly

13 the activity of buying and selling goods and services, or a particular company that does this, or work you do to earn money

14 to get something that is useful, that gives you an advantage15 an organization which represents workers in a particular

industry 16 to leave your job or stop working because of old age or ill

health 17 an activity, such as a job, which a person uses physical or

mental effort to do, usually for money 18 a fixed amount of money agreed every year as pay for an

employee, usually paid directly into his or her bank account every month

19 the money you receive for doing a job 20 to achieve first position and/or get a prize in a competition

or competitive situation 21 an increase

22 increase in pay 23 the giving of help, money, food, etc., to those in need 24 an organization which sells goods or services in order to

make money 25 to remove someone from their job, either because they

have done something wrong or badly 26 a company or business 27 a regular payment made by the state to people over a

certain age to enable them to subsist without having to work

28 to receive money as payment for work that you do 29 a fixed amount of money that is paid, usually every week,

to an employee, especially one who does work that needs physical skills or strength, rather than a job needing a college education

Task 4. Complete the sentences using the words from Task 1 (A, B). 1. He's hoping for a ____________________ in the police force. 2. There are six part-time _____________________working here. 3. My father used to ________________ between his home in the country and his office in the city. 4. Mail is ____________________ to our office twice a day. 5. He _____________ from the company in order to take a more challenging job. 6. We need a reference from your former ____________________. 7. I've got so much ________________ to do. 8. They ___________________ her for being late. 9. His net monthly ________________ is £1500. 10. There is a good relationship between _______________ and pupils at the school. 11. She asked the boss for a __________________. 12. Do you get paid extra for doing ____________________? 13. The clerk had sticky fingers that's why they _________________ him

14. When she left college, she got a____________ as an editor in a publishing company. 15. The job offers excellent _____________________ prospects. 16. August has seen a large _________________ in the number of unemployed. 17. How much do you __________________, if you don't mind me asking? 18. Jim's uncle _________________ from the railway company. 19. He works for a law _________________ called Neil and Vigliano. 20. We encourage all employees to join a __________________. 21. He earns a good _________________, because he works for a fair employer. 22. He works for a software _____________________. 23. Which year was it that Italy _______________ the World Cup? 24. To keep the company alive, half the workforce is being made ____________. 25. They find it hard to live on their state _________________. 26. It's a nice job but the ___________ is appalling. 27. What do you hope to _________________ from the course? 28. UNICEF is an international ____________________. 29. The two brothers set up a clothes retailing __________________. Task 5. Fill in the gaps. Guess the word by the first letter. 1. They quit w_________________ at one o'clock. 2. The shop is d_____________________ our new bed on Thursday. 3. She r___________________ as director. 4. The number of e__________ in the company has trebled over the past decade. 5. She's applied for a j___________ with an insurance company. 6. She was f_______________ after she was caught stealing from her employer. 7. It's exhausting to c_________________ from Brighton to London every day. 8. When he retires he will be able to look back over a brilliant c____________. 9. They were demanding higher p____________. 10. This plant is the largest e_________________ in the city. 11. They were surprised at a sudden temperature r_________________. 12. The s_________________ are not very happy about the latest pay increase. 13. He got s________________ from his last job. 14. He is due to r_________________ as chief executive next year. 15. From the late nineteenth century Britain and other European powers began to g_________________ control of parts of the Ottoman Empire. 16. She's on quite a decent s___________________ in her present job. 17. Why don’t you ask or a r____________________? 18. Was Steve given the p___________________ at work which he wanted? 19. You can't expect to e______________ a living from your painting. 20. He won't be able to receive his p________________ until he's 65. 21. New technology often makes old skills and even whole communities r_____________________. 22. He's in the frozen food b___________________. 23. He's just started working for an accountancy f_________________. 24. The smaller shops pay very low w___________________. 25. No smoking is c________________ policy. 26. You can earn some o_________________ by working after 6.00 p.m.

27. She does a lot of work for c__________________. 28. They did a c______________ performance on the first night, to raise money for AIDS research. 29. This is the third medal she's w___________ this season. Task 6. Fill in the gaps with the English equivalent of the Russian word. 1. I took this new job because I felt that the (карьерный) ________________ prospects were much better. 2. He made his (повышение по службе) _______________ to major. 3. She has just been (уволить) ___________________ as editor of the newspaper. 4. He gets a fixed (оклад) ______________________. 5. Timman (уйти в отставку) ______________________ a hopeless position. 6. Tomorrow I’m seeing my (работодатель) _____________________. 7. I am having some flowers (доставить) ________________ for her birthday. 8. My father (ездить на работу) _________________ to work every day. 9. Hundreds of workers are to be (уволить) _________________ at the factory. 10. He is on the (член коллектива) _______________________ of the magazine. 11. He has been (сокращать с работы) ___________ __________________. 12. He's never managed to hold down a steady (работа, должность) _______. 13. I (зарабатывать) ______________ $30 000 a year. 14. He was on (работать сверхурочно) __________________ last week. 15. She's a former (служащий, сотрудник) _________________ of the council. 16. My grandmother gets a small (пенсия) __________________ from the state. 17. This new tax will put a lot of small firms out of (дело) _________________. 18. She's certainly (добиваться) gained confidence over the last couple of years. 19. They expect a 5% (повышение) _____________________ in inflation. 20. If this government (выиграть) ________________ the next election, I'm leaving the country. 21. What is your annual (жалованье) ___________________? 22. Since (уйти в отставку) ___________________ from the company, she has done voluntary work for a charity. 23. People tend to give to (благотворительность) _____________ at Christmas time. 24. Roger's (работа) ____________________ involves a lot of travelling. 25. Any (оплата) __________________ rise must be in line with inflation. 26. We do hope for a (повышение) ______________________.

PHRSAL VERBS (p. 172) Task 7. Match the phrasal verbs with their definition. 1 back out A start working on sth in order to achieve an aim 2 bring out B decrease speed 3 close down C deal with 4 see through (to) D produce and start to sell a new product 5 see to E do sb’s job for them while they are not available 6 set to F take control of (a business, etc) 7 set out G continue (or help to continue) to the end of sth

unpleasant or difficult 8 set up H not accept (an offer, request, etc) 9 slow down I start, organise (a business, organization, etc) 10 speed up J start to employ; accept work / responsibility 11 stand in for K stop operating (for companies) 12 take on L increase speed 13 take over M start doing sth in a determined or enthusiastic way 14 turn down N decide not to do sth you agreed to do

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

Task 8. Write down the corresponding phrasal verbs. 1 принимать на службу 2 браться за; вступать в … 3 приступать к; начинать 4 производить 5 закрывать, ликвидировать (предприятие) 6 увеличивать, ускорять 7 подменять, быть вместо 8 уклониться от 9 отвергать (предложение) ; отказывать 10 доводить до конца 11 позаботиться; брать на себя 12 принимать (должность, обязанности) от

другого 13 учреждать; основывать, открывать (дело,

предприятие и т. п.) 14 замедлять, замедляться, тормозить; снизить

темп жизни, жить более спокойно

Task 9. Fill in prepositions. 1. We must see this plan ___________ now that we've started it. 2. Her uncle helped her to set ____________ as a professional singer. 3. Paula stood ___________ __________ Jane, while Jane was on holiday. 4. He never takes _________ extra work. 5. The owner has to close the shop ______________. 6. Will you see _________ it? 7. This medicine may have the effect of speeding ____________ your heart rate. 8. The journal was set _____________ in 1924. 9. Tom has brought ______________ another new book. 10. He took _____________ his father’s business. 11. He has to turn _____________ the offer 12. If you back ______ of your contract, you will have to pay money to the firm. 13. For me, holidays are a time to slow ___________ and relax with my family. Task 10. Fill in a verb in the right form. 1. She ____________ out with the aim of becoming the youngest ever winner of the championship. 2. When are you ________________ out a new dictionary? 3. They needed the money to _________ up a special school for gifted children. 4. If we all __________ to, we should be able to finish the job in a week. 5. The tape ________________ up towards the end. 6. The doctor has told him to _____________ down or he'll have a heart attack. 7. The shop will _______ down for good on Saturday, so everything is half price. 8. Our company has to ____________ on new employees. 9. They promised to _____________ our small company through the hard times. 10. He_____________ over the reins of government immediately after the coup. 11. You agreed to come. You can't ______________ out now! 12. I'll ______________to it that the tickets will be delivered. 13. Can you _________________ in for me at the meeting? 14. He offered her a trip to Australia but she ______________ it down. Task 11. Paraphrase the sentences using the phrasal verbs in the right form. 1. All the mines in this area stopped operating _____________________ in the 80's. 2. She organised ______________________ her business back in 1965 with a very small restaurant in the Kings Road. 3. The economy shows signs of increasing activity _____________________ 4. They keep producing ______________________ smaller phones. 5. This money should help you ______________________ till the end of the month. 6. They decided not to close _______________________ the deal the day before they were due to sign the contract. 7. The school will employ ____________________ new teachers next year. 8. You can’t withdraw _________________________ from an agreement.

9. Could you substitute ________________________ me at work on Saturday? 10. After his father’s death he started to control _________________ the office. 11. They started working ____________________ to discover a cure for cancer. 12. You are driving too fast! Drive more slowly ___________________! 13. "These letters need posting." "I'll deal with _______________ them later." 14. He refused from ________________ the job because it involved too much travelling. Task 12. Guess the phrasal verbs from their definitions. 1 start doing sth in a determined or enthusiastic way 2 start, organise (a business, organization, etc) 3 stop operating (for companies) 4 do sb’s job for them while they are not available 5 deal with 6 start working on sth in order to achieve an aim 7 take control of (a business, etc) 8 decide not to do sth you agreed to do 9 not accept (an offer, request, etc) 10 decrease speed 11 produce and start to sell a new product 12 increase speed 13 start to employ; accept work / responsibility 14 continue (or help to continue) to the end of sth

unpleasant or difficult PHRASES AND COLLOCATIONS (p. 172) Task 13. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition or word. 1. The whole family was _________ agreement ______________her _________ what they should do. 2. Our firm _______________ a lot of business _______________ overseas customers. 3. She's at home today - she's ________________ a day ________. 4. They ______________ all the arrangements __________ the party. 5. What time are you ___________________ duty tomorrow? 6. Finally the two sides have __________________ an agreement. 7. You can't expect to have any friends if you don't ___________ any effort with people. 8. The company will ___________________________ a decision shortly. 9. I'm in Baltimore ____________ business. 10. I've __________________ a complaint ______the police ________ the noise.

Task 14. Fill in the gaps with the correct word.

1. They _______________ more of an interest in politics these days. 2. She's ___________________ for a job with an insurance company. 3. I _______________ a rather unpleasant experience at the dentist's. 4. They _________________ us on hold for ages. 5. You have a _________________ to yourself to take a holiday now and then. 6. I ________________ an interview for a job with a publishing firm. 7. Eventually they found a consultant they felt they could do ___________________ with. 8. Do you have any ______________ of working with kids? 9. The children _______ most of the work around the house. 10. It's very difficult trying to bring up two children while _________________ a full-time job.

doing kept do duty take business had applied experience attended

WORD PATTERNS (p. 172) Task 15. Fill in the gaps with the correct preposition. 1. Whether or not we go to Spain for our holiday depends __________ the cost. 2. Paul is directly responsible __________ the efficient running of the office. 3. Mike works ___________ a computer company. 4. Please apply _______ writing to the address below. 5. She is very experienced ______ marketing. 6. John has been absent _________ school for three days now. 7. She hopes to qualify _____ a lawyer at the end of the year. 8. Use this cable to attach the printer _____ the computer. 9. She's hired a lawyer who specializes __________ divorce cases. 10. She's very good ____________ Geography.

WORD FORMATION (p. 172) Task 16. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the word. № Noun Verb Adjective Adverb 1 ………………. add added

…………….. ………………

2 application ……………….

…………………

………………. applicable ……………….

3 ……………….. commercial ……………….

4 ………………..

dedicate ………………..

5 ………………

effective ……………….

effectively ………………

6 employment ………………. ……………….. ……………….

employ employed ……………….. employable ………………..

7 help ………………

……………….

………………… ………………… (un)helpful

………………. ………………. unhelpfully

8 ……………… industrial ………………..

industrially ………………..

9 machine ……………….

10 manager ………………...

…………………..

managing

11 …………….. meet ……………….. 12 ……………… professional

……………….. ……………….. unprofessionally

13 qualification ……………….. qualifying ………………… unqualified

14 responsibility ……………….

responsible …………………

responsibly ………………..

15 supervision ………………

…………………..

16 worker ……………..

work working ………………… …………………

Task 17. Complete the sentence by changing the form of the word in bold. 1 I hear you're expecting a small ________________ to the

family

add

2 I'm sorry, I was only trying to be ___________________.

help

3 Free information will be sent out on ________________ to the central office.

apply

4 She's completely ________________ to her work.

dedicate

5 The lighting for the production made a very _______________use of shadow.

effect

6 She's extremely competent and ________________.

industry

7 You'll never get a good job if you don't have any _______________________.

quality

8 Students are not allowed to handle these chemicals unless they are under the _________________ of a teacher.

supervise

9 Many companies still treat their management staff better than their _____________________.

work

10 It's unlike you to behave so ______________________.

responsible