© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 2: Chemical Principles $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100$100$100...

© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc.

Chapter 2: Chemical Principles

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The Structure of Atoms

Chemical Bonds

Inorganic Compounds

Chemical Reactions

Organic Compounds

FINAL ROUND


Topic 1: The Structure of Atoms

$100 Question

What is the smallest component of a pure substance that exhibits physical and chemical properties of that substance?

a. nucleus

b. molecule

c. atom

d. elementANSWER

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$100 Answer

What is the smallest component of a pure substance that exhibits physical and chemical properties of that substance?

a. nucleus

b. molecule

c. atom

d. element

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$200 Question

The nucleus contains

a. electrons and protons.

b. protons and neutrons.

c. protons and electrons.

d. electrons and neutrons.

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ANSWER



$200 Answer

The nucleus contains

a. electrons and protons.

b. protons and neutrons.

c. protons and electrons.

d. electrons and neutrons.

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$300 Question

Atoms with different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei are called

a. molecules.

b. elements.

c. isotopes.

d. compounds.

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ANSWER



$300 Answer

Atoms with different numbers of neutrons in their nuclei are called

a. molecules.

b. elements.

c. isotopes.

d. compounds.

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$400 Question

How many electrons are in the second shell?

a. 2

b. 8

c. 6

d. 18

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ANSWER



$400 Answer

How many electrons are in the second shell?

a. 2

b. 8

c. 6

d. 18

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$500 Question

An isotope of oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and an atomic weight of 18. How many neutrons does it have?

a. 18

b. 7

c. 8

d. 10

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ANSWER



$500 Answer

An isotope of oxygen has an atomic number of 8 and an atomic weight of 18. How many neutrons does it have?

a. 18

b. 7

c. 8

d. 10

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Which type of bond is weak and does NOT bind atoms together?

a. hydrogen bond

b. ionic bond

c. covalent bond

d. valence bond

Topic 2: Chemical Bonds

$100 Question

BACK TO GAME

ANSWER



$100 Answer

Which type of bond is weak and does NOT bind atoms together?

a. hydrogen bond

b. ionic bond

c. covalent bond

d. valence bond

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The number of extra or missing electrons in an atom’s outermost electron shell is called the atom’s

a. atomic number.

b. electronic configuration.

c. valence.

d. covalence.


$200 Question

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ANSWER


The number of extra or missing electrons in an atom’s outermost electron shell is called the atom’s

a. atomic number.

b. electronic configuration.

c. valence.

d. covalence.


$200 Answer

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A bond formed from the attraction between ions of opposite charge is called a(n)

a. ionic bond.

b. covalent bond.

c. peptide bond.

d. hydrogen bond.


$300 Question

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ANSWER


A bond formed from the attraction between ions of opposite charge is called a(n)

a. ionic bond.

b. covalent bond.

c. peptide bond.

d. hydrogen bond.


$300 Answer

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$400 Question

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ANSWER

A molecule that contains at least two different kinds of atoms is called a

a. mixture.

b. compound.

c. solvent.

d. solute.



$400 Answer

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A molecule that contains at least two different kinds of atoms is called a

a. mixture.

b. compound.

c. solvent.

d. solute.



$500 Question

Which of the following is formed by the sharing of electrons?

a. compound

b. ionic bond

c. hydrogen bond

d. covalent bond

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ANSWER



$500 Answer

Which of the following is formed by the sharing of electrons?

a. compound

b. ionic bond

c. hydrogen bond

d. covalent bond

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Topic 3: Inorganic Compounds

$100 Question

Water has an unequal distribution of charges and is called a(n)

a. ionic molecule.

b. polar molecule.

c. covalent molecule.

d. organic molecule.

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ANSWER



$100 Answer

Water has an unequal distribution of charges and is called a(n)

a. ionic molecule.

b. polar molecule.

c. covalent molecule.

d. organic molecule.

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$200 Question

Inorganic compounds are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT molecules that

a. are usually small.

b. are structurally simple.

c. contain carbon.

d. include salts, acids, and bases

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ANSWER



$200 Answer

Inorganic compounds are characterized by all of the following EXCEPT molecules that

a. are usually small.

b. are structurally simple.

c. contain carbon.

d. include salts, acids, and bases

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A compound that helps keep the pH from changing drastically is

a. a buffer.

b. an acid.

c. water.

d. a base.


$300 Question

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ANSWER



$300 Answer

A compound that helps keep the pH from changing drastically is

a. a buffer.

b. an acid.

c. water.

d. a base.

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$400 Question

Most microbes grow best at a pH from

a. 5.0 to 6.5.

b. 6.5 to 8.5.

c. 8.5 to 10.0.

d. 4.0 to 6.0.

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ANSWER



$400 Answer

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Most microbes grow best at a pH from

a. 5.0 to 6.5.

b. 6.5 to 8.5.

c. 8.5 to 10.0.

d. 4.0 to 6.0.



$500 Question

Which type of bond exists between adjacent molecules of water?

a. ionic bond

b. covalent bond

c. hydrogen bond

d. peptide bond

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ANSWER



$500 Answer

Which type of bond exists between adjacent molecules of water?

a. ionic bond

b. covalent bond

c. hydrogen bond

d. peptide bond

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Topic 4: Chemical Reactions

$100 Question

Sucrose can be hydrolyzed into

a. dextrans.

b. two glucoses.

c. glucose and galactose.

d. glucose and fructose.

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ANSWER



$100 Answer

Sucrose can be hydrolyzed into

a. dextrans.

b. two glucoses.

c. glucose and galactose.

d. glucose and fructose.

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$200 Question

What type of chemical reaction breaks bonds and then forms new bonds?

a. exchange reactions

b. synthesis reactions

c. decomposition reactions

d. reversible reactions

ANSWER

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$200 Answer

What type of chemical reaction breaks bonds and then forms new bonds?

a. exchange reactions

b. synthesis reactions

c. decomposition reactions

d. reversible reactions

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$300 Question

Endergonic reactions ALWAYS

a. combine molecules to form new and larger molecules.

b. are reversible.

c. absorb more energy than they release.

d. break down molecules into smaller parts.

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ANSWER



$300 Answer

Endergonic reactions ALWAYS

a. combine molecules to form new and larger molecules.

b. are reversible.

c. absorb more energy than they release.

d. break down molecules into smaller parts.

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In a synthesis reaction,

a. a larger molecule is broken down into its component molecules, ions, or atoms.

b. two molecules are decomposed, and their subunits are used to synthesize two new molecules.

c. the products can readily revert to form the original reactants.

d. atoms, ions, or molecules are combined to form a larger molecule.


$400 Question

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ANSWER



$400 Answer

In a synthesis reaction,





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In a decomposition reaction,






$500 Question

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ANSWER


In a decomposition reaction,






$500 Answer

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Topic 5: Organic Compounds

$100 Question

Which of the following are the “building blocks” of proteins?

a. amino acids

b. fatty acids

c. peptides

d. nucleotides

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ANSWER



$100 Answer

Which of the following are the “building blocks” of proteins?

a. amino acids

b. fatty acids

c. peptides

d. nucleotides

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$200 Question

Which of the following are purines?

a. adenine and guanine

b. cytosine and uracil

c. guanine and cytosine

d. adenine and thymine

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ANSWER



$200 Answer

Which of the following are purines?

a. adenine and guanine

b. cytosine and uracil

c. guanine and cytosine

d. adenine and thymine

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$300 Question

Which of the following nitrogenous bases is NOT found in an RNA molecule?

a. adenine

b. guanine

c. thymine

d. uracil

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ANSWER



$300 Answer

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Which of the following nitrogenous bases is NOT found in an RNA molecule?

a. adenine

b. guanine

c. thymine

d. uracil


Why do saturated fats become solid more easily than unsaturated fats?

a. The double bonds create kinks in the chain.

b. The H atoms on either side of the double bond are on the same side.

c. The H atoms on either side of the double bond are on opposite sides.

d. They are straight chains and pack more tightly together.


$400 Question

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ANSWER


Why do saturated fats become solid more easily than unsaturated fats?

a. The double bonds create kinks in the chain.

b. The H atoms on either side of the double bond are on the same side.

c. The H atoms on either side of the double bond are on opposite sides.

d. They are straight chains and pack more tightly together.


$400 Answer

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$500 Question

Glucose, sucrose, and cellulose are examples of

a. carbohydrates.

b. disaccharides.

c. polysaccharides.

d. polypeptides.

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ANSWER



$500 Answer

Glucose, sucrose, and cellulose are examples of

a. carbohydrates.

b. disaccharides.

c. polysaccharides.

d. polypeptides.

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FINAL ROUND Question

Which level of protein structure refers to the overall three-dimensional structure of a polypeptide chain?

a. primary structure

b. secondary structure

c. tertiary structure

d. quaternary structure

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ANSWER


FINAL ROUND Answer

Which level of protein structure refers to the overall three-dimensional structure of a polypeptide chain?

a. primary structure

b. secondary structure

c. tertiary structure

d. quaternary structure

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© 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 2: Chemical Principles $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100$100$100...

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Transcript of © 2013 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 2: Chemical Principles $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $100$100$100...