Post on 03-Jun-2018
8/12/2019 Worldwide Armies and the Organizational structure followed
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OB PresentationGROUP 3
AYUSHI RASTOGI
ISHAAN MEHTA
SANIKA GOKHALE
SANKALP SAXENA
SHIKHA BINANI
SIMARPREET SINGH
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Organizational Structure of US
Army Field Army
Corps
2-5 divisions
Corps
2-5 divisions
Division3 brigades
Brigades Brigades
Battalion
Company
Platoon
Squad
Brigades
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Changes : Post 9/11
• To make the army fully manned, equipped, modernized & trained
• Review brigade, division, corps, and the ASCC structure
• Higher headquarters, brigades and portions of divisions will bereduced to form more modular Brigade Combat Team (BCT) forces
• Above the BCT level, a single level of command will conduct manyof the same command and control missions currently being performed
by the two levels of command associated with a Division and a Corps.• The new organizational designs will enable the Army to deploy large
forces much more rapidly than in the past and sustain them innoncontiguous environments.
Example- The operation by American Force to assassinate Osama Bin
Laden
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Differentiation
Basis of Differentiation
Specific mission requirements e.g. U.S. Army, Europe(USAREUR),U.S. Army Recruiting Command(USAREC)
Task or functional specialization e.g. operations, intelligenceand security, logistics, and research and development
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Integration
Army Principal Output: mission-ready forces
Three levels of complexity of integrative mechanisms:
o Standard rules and procedures
o Interdependence: achieved through operational plans
o Mutual adjustment : close coordination required within chainof command implying cross-functional teams/individual
integrators. e.g. battalion task-force approach to integratingtanks and infantry
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Integration
Headquarters: most prominent integrating department in theorganization
Achieved in a formal series of meetings at the senior staff level
Heads of the staff agencies, the Deputy Chiefs of Staff themselveshave a principal integrating role
Task forces, working groups, and committees with membership
from throughout the ARSEC and ARSTAF
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Centralized v Decentralized Decision -
Making
Centralized decision-making command structure: Decisions made at the
strategic level
Objective: Provide solution to a number of issues in the broader sense. Definethe roles and responsibilities at each level of war to address the element of
uncertainty for the entire organization
Decentralized decision-making command structure: Advances in
technology and warfare may warrant certain innovationsObjective: Delegate responsibility to lowest level of command structure to
those who have better knowledge of the immediate situation. This reduces
war related organizational uncertainty by making organizational structure
flexible and responsive.
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Situation Analysis
Armies were seen to take approach of centralization vs.decentralization depending upon the external factors and
environment. US Army : Decentralization more flexibility and resources to deal
with the Global War on Terrorism as well as the potential conflicts
Iraq War: dealing with Urban wars(door to door wars) required themto use decentralized structure
Gulf War: combination of centralized and decentralized commandstructure
Afghanistan War: decentralized structure a necessity terrain andthe cave-to-cave, mountain to mountain style of fighting
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Implications for the Future
Decentralized decision-making empowers leaders to operate atfaster tempos by giving them the authority to make decisions
autonomously.
Best suited for urban warfare. The enemy attempts to offset theadvantages that the military has in the form of informationtechnology and advance weaponry by launching attacks inpopulated areas
A combination of a centralized and decentralized decision-makingcommand structure will provide the military more flexibility andresources to deal with the Global War on Terrorism and the potentialconflict between the United States and other World Powers
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Thank You