The Great Book of Protection.pdf

The Great Bookof Protection

& other Recitals

Continuing the spread of Buddhism in Malaysiafor over 117 years.

Publication of the

Sasana Abhiwurdhi Wardhana Society

Buddhist Maha Vihara,123, Jalan Berhala, Brickfields,50470 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Tel: 603-22741141 Fax: 603-22732570E-Mail: info@buddhistmahavihara.comWebsite: www.buddhistmahavihara.com

www.ksridhammananda.com www.bisds.org

Published for Free Distribution Permission to reprint for free distribution can be

obtained upon request.

1st Print – January 2012 (5,000 copies)

The Society gratefully acknowledges Ven. R. Padmasiri,Ven. E. Dhammapala, Ms. Yvonne Yap Fui Yoong and

everyone who assisted in editing, reseaching &preparation of this text.

Printed by Uniprints Marketing Sdn. Bhd. (493024-K)

(A member of Multimedia Printing & Graphics (M) Sdn Bhd)

ISBN: 978-983-3896-20-2

How Should We Chant Suttras?By Ven Dr K Sri Dhammananda Nayaka Maha Thera ............................................ iPronunciation Of The Pali Alphabet ...........................................................iii

(A) FormulaInRequestingSaranāgamanam (3 Refuges)

-PañcaSīla(5 Precepts) ...................................................................................2 -AtthangaSīla(8 Precepts) .............................................................................3 -DasaSīla(10 Precepts) ...................................................................................4

SāmaneraPañha(The Questions To The Novice) .............................................6 Dvattinsakara (The Thirty-two Parts Of The Body) ............................................7 Paccavekkhanā(TheReflections) .....................................................................8 DasadhammaSutta(DiscourseOnTheTenReflections) ................................9 MahāMangalaSutta(DiscourseOnBlessings) ............................................11 Ratana Sutta (DiscourseOnTheJewels) ......................................................... 13 KaranīyaMettaSutta(Discourse On Loving-Kindness) ...............................18 Khandha Paritta (Protection Of The Aggregates) ...........................................20 MettānisamsaSutta(Discourse On Advantages Of Loving-Kindness) ..........23 Mittānisamsa(Discourse On Advantages Of Friendship) ................................25 Mora Paritta (ThePeacock’sPrayerForProtection) .........................................27 Canda Paritta (TheMoonDeity’sPrayerForProtection) .................................29 Suriya Paritta (TheSunDeity’sPrayerForProtection) .....................................31 Dhajagga Paritta (Banner Of Protection) .......................................................33 MahāKassapaTheraBojjhanga (DiscourseOnFactorsOfEnlightenmentToMahāKassapaThera) .......................38 MahāMoggallānaTheraBojjhanga (DiscourseOnFactorsOfEnlightenmentToMahāMoggallānaThera) ..................41 MahāCundaTheraBojjhanga (DiscourseOnFactorsOfEnlightenmentRecitedByMahāCundaThera) ..............44

Contents Page

GirimānandaSutta(DiscourseToGirimānandaThera) .................................47 IsigiliSutta(DiscourseAtIsigili) ..................................................................... 56 DhammacakkappavattanaSutta(SettingInMotionTheWheelOfTruth) ..62 MahāSamayaSutta(TheMightyAssembly) ................................................76 ĀlavakaSutta(DiscourseToĀlavaka) ............................................................ 89 KasībhāradvājaSutta(DiscourseToKasībhāradvāja) ..................................94 ParābhavaSutta(DiscourseOnCausesOfDownfall).....................................99 VasalaSutta(Discourse On Conditions That Make One An Outcaste) ........... 103 SaccavibhangaSutta(DiscourseOnTheAnalysisOfTheTruth) ............... 109 ĀtānātiyaSutta(TheĀtānātiyaDiscourse) .................................................. 122

(B) OTHER PROTECTIVE DISCOURSES AngulimālaParitta(ProtectiveChantofAngulimāla- RecitaltoBlessExpectantMothersforEasyChildbirth) ..................................... 147 Jaya Paritta (RecitalForInvokingVictory ...................................................... 148 Jinapañjara (TheBuddha’sMansion) ............................................................ 150 AtthavīsatiParitta(Protective Chant Of Twenty-Eight Buddhas) ................ 154 Bojjhanga Paritta (TheChantOnTheEnlightenmentFactors) .................... 155

(C) ĀNUSSATI(Reflection) Buddhānussati(Meditation On The Buddha) ............................................... 157 Mettānussati(Meditation On Loving-Kindness) ........................................... 159 Maranānussati(Meditation On Death) ........................................................ 160 Asubhānussati(MeditationOnTheLoathsomenessOfTheBody) ............... 161 AtthaMahāSamvegaVatthu (RecollectionOfEightSorrowfulStagesOfLife) ................................................. 162

Contents Page

(D) GĀTHĀ(Stanzas)

JayaMangalaGāthā(Stanzas of Joyous Victory) ....................................... 163 MahāJayaMangalaGāthā(Stanzas Of Great Joyous Victory) ................. 165 AnavumParitta(Invitation Chant) .............................................................. 167 NarasīhaGāthā(The Stanzas On The Lion Of Men) .................................... 169 PaticcaSamuppāda(Dependent Co-Origination) ..................................... 171

(E) DEDICATIONANDASPIRATION Patthanā(Aspiration Or Wish) ....................................................................... 173 Wish for Auspices ..................................................................................... 173 WishForProtectionFromEvil .............................................................. 174 FixationOfTheProtection .................................................................... 174 WishOfLoveToAllBeings ................................................................... 174 BlessingToTheWorld ............................................................................ 174 TransferenceOfMeritsToAllCelestialBeings ............................ 175 RequestingAllDevasAndBeingsToPartakeInMerits ............. 175 TransferenceOfMeritsToDepartedRelatives ............................. 176 Khamāyācana(ForgivenessOfShortcomings) ............................................. 176

Contents Page

Original Compilation:

Ven. Polgampala Piyananda (Religious Advisor), Vajira (Richard) Chia,Khema (Julie) Goh, Vira Lee Wan Chin and Ratana (Christina) Lim

Reference Sources:

1) Daily Buddhist Devotions by Ven. Dr. K. Sri Dhammananda2) Safeguard Recitals by Anandajoti Bhikkhu3) The Great Book of Protection by Weragoda Sarada Thera4) Paritta Chanting by Ven. Dr. K. Sri Dhammananda5) Paritta Sutta Recital for Protection and Blessings by Ven. P. Piyananda

Revised Edition, December 2011 by Buddhist Maha Vihara, Brickfields

Paritta Chanting is the recital of some of the Suttras uttered by the Buddha in the Pali Language for the blessings and protection of the devotees. It is a well known Buddhist practice conducted all over the world, especially in Theravada Buddhist countries where the Pali Language is used for recitals.

You recite these particular discourses of the Buddha with faith and confidence. Simply by reciting, you will get some sort of blessings. We recite these Suttras to bless you. You get the blessing if you develop devotion and confidence in your mind.

But that blessing is just like taking two Panadols when you have a headache. After a few hours, you get back the headache. That’s the nature of this kind of blessing. Just to calm your mind, to reduce fear from your mind and develop some sort of confidence in your mind. At the primary and initial stage this blessing is very important. However, you must evolve to the next level.

You must understand the main purpose of all these discourses or Suttras. The Buddha did not introduce them just for recital. Just to recite without doing anything, certainly not. It is like this. When you are sick, you go to a Doctor or a Sinseh (Chinese doctor). He gives you a prescription, the names of so many medicines. You return home and go on reciting the names of all these medicines, thinking you can cure your sicknesses without buying the medicine, without consuming the medicine. You just recite every day the names of the medicine.

How Should We Chant Suttras?By Ven Dr K Sri Dhammananda Nayaka Maha Thera

Just reciting the Suttras is just like that – you are merely reciting the medicine for our mental defilements (sickness) without curing it. There are some things for us to do, to cultivate, to develop, to eradicate, to improve. These Suttras are known to many, but they have not realized that the suttras are not just for chanting. Here we can understand how the Buddha has started the Buddhist way of life at home, then went on developing and developing till the attainment of Nirvana, not running away from our problems.

Let us take one example; the Mangala Suttra. Mangala means blessing or auspicious. A Deva (deity) came to the Buddha and asked this question. “People have different opinions of blessings. Can you please tell us what are the real blessings?”. Then the Buddha starts to preach this Mangala Suttra and explain what are the true or highest blessings. These 38 blessings in the Suttra are not for you to just recite but to also practise. Then you get the blessings, the real blessings, the real protection from the Suttra.

Recite these Suttras with devotion and confidence to invoke the power of Truth of the Buddha’s words. Understand its meaning and put it to practice. You then are able to build a strong protection and shield against various forms of evil, misfortunes, sicknesses and influence of the planetary systems while instilling confidence in your mind to achieve the FINAL LIBERATION.

Formula In Requesting

Saranāgamanam(Three Refuges)

PañcaSīla(Five Precepts)

AtthangaSīla(Eight Precepts)

Formula In Requesting

VANDANĀHomage

NamoTassaBhagavatoArahatoSammāSambuddhassaHomagetoHim,theBlessedOne,theExaltedOne,theFullyEnlightenedOne.

(Repeat 3 times)

FORMULA IN REQUESTINGSARANĀGAMANAM(THREE REFUGES)

PAÑCASĪLA(FIVE PRECEPTS)

Okāsa!AhamBhante,TisaranenasaddhimPañca-sīlamDhammamyācāmi;anuggahamkatvāsīlamdethame,Bhante.Permitme!IaskVenerableSir,for the Five Precepts together with the Three Refuges.VenerableSir,pleasehavecompassiononmeandgrantmethePrecepts.

Dutiyampi,okāsa,AhamBhante,TisaranenasaddhimPañca-sīlamDhammamyācāmi;anuggahamkatvāsīlamdethame,Bhante.Forthesecondtime,permitme!IaskVenerableSir,for the Five Precepts together with the Three Refuges.VenerableSir,pleasehavecompassiononmeandgrantmethePrecepts.

Tatiyampi,okāsa,AhamBhante,TisaranenasaddhimPañca-sīlamDhammamyācāmi;anuggahamkatvāsīlamdethame,Bhante.Forthethirdtime,permitme!IaskVenerableSir,for the Five Precepts together with the Three Refuges.VenerableSir,pleasehavecompassiononmeandgrantmethePrecepts.

FORMULA IN REQUESTINGSARANĀGAMANAM(THREE REFUGES),ATTHANGASĪLA(EIGHT PRECEPTS)

ORDASASĪLA(TEN PRECEPTS)

TheabovesameformulaisrepeatedinrequestingEightorTenPreceptsbysubstituting PañcaSīla with AtthangaSīla

or DasaSīla

TI-SARANAThree Refuges

Buddhamsaranamgacchāmi.IgototheBuddhaasmyrefuge.Dhammamsaranamgacchāmi.IgototheDhammaasmyrefuge.Sanghamsaranamgacchāmi.IgototheSanghaasmyrefuge.

DutiyampiBuddhamsaranamgacchāmi.Forthesecondtime.IgototheBuddhaasmyrefuge.DutiyampiDhammamsaranamgacchāmi.Forthesecondtime,IgototheDhammaasmyrefuge.DutiyampiSanghamsaranamgacchāmi.Forthesecondtime,IgototheSanghaasmyrefuge.

TatiyampiBuddhamsaranamgacchāmi.Forthethirdtime.IgototheBuddhaasmyrefuge.TatiyampiDhammamsaranamgacchāmi.Forthethirdtime,IgototheDhammaasmyrefuge.TatiyampiSanghamsaranamgacchāmi.Forthethirdtime,IgototheSanghaasmyrefuge.

PAÑCA SĪLAFive Precepts

1. Pānātipātāveramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromkilling.

2. Adinnādānāveramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromtakingthingsnotgiven.

3. Kāmesumicchā-cārāveramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromsexualmisconduct.

4. Musāvādāveramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromfalsespeech.

5. Surāmeraya-majja-pamā-datthānā veramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromdistilledandfermentedliquor thatcausesintoxicationorheedlessness.

ATTHANGA SĪLAEight Precepts

3. Abrahmacariyāveramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromincelibacy.

5. Surāmeraya-majja-pamā-datthānā veramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromdistilledandfermentedliquorthatcauses intoxicationorheedlessness.

6. Vikāla-bhojanāveramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromeatingatimpropertimes.

7. Nacca-gīta-vāditavisūkadassanamālāgandha vilepanadhāranamandana-vibhūsanatthānāveramani sikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromdancing,singing,music,shows,wearing garlands,usingperfumeandbeautifyingwithcosmetics.

8. Uccāsayana-mahāsayanā veramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromusinghighandluxuriousseats.

Monk : Tisaranenasahaatthangasīlamdhammamsādhukam surakkhitamkatvāappamādenasampādetha. MaintainingwelltheEightpreceptstogetherwiththeThreerefuges, striveonwithdiligence.

Laity : Āma,Bhante. Yes,Bhante.

Monk :Sīlenasugatimyanti-Sīlenabhogasampadā Bymoralitytheyattaingoodrebirth,bymoralitytheyachievewealth, Sīlenanibbutimyanti-Tasmasīlamvisodhaye. BymoralitytheyattainNibbana,thereforeoneshouldpurifymorality.

Laity : Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu! Excellent!Excellent!Excellent!

DASA SĪLATen Precepts

3. Abrahmacariyāveramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromincelibacy.

5. Surāmeraya-majja-pamā-datthānā veramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromdistilledandfermentedliquor thatcausesintoxicationorheedlessness.

6. Vikāla-bhojanāveramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromeatingatimpropertimes.

7. Nacca-gīta-vāditavisūkadassanā veramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromdancing,singing,music andvisitingunseemlyshows.

8. Mālāgandhavilepanadhāranamandana-vibhūsanatthānā veramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromwearinggarlands,usingperfume andbeautifyingwithcosmetics.

9. Uccāsayana-mahāsayanā veramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromusinghighandluxuriousseats.

10. Jātarūparajatapatiggahanā veramanisikkhāpadamsamādiyāmi. Itaketheprecepttoabstainfromusinggoldandsilver.

Monk : Tisaranenasahadasasīlamdhammamsadhukam surakkhitamkatvaappamādenasampādetha. MaintainingwelltheTenpreceptstogetherwiththeThreerefuges, striveonwithdiligence.

Laity : Āma,Bhante. Yes,Bhante.

Monk : Sīlenasugatimyanti-Sīlenabhogasampada Bymoralitytheyattaingoodrebirth,bymoralitytheyachievewealth, Sīlenanibbutimyanti-Tasmasīlamvisodhaye. BymoralitytheyattainNibbana,thereforeoneshouldpurifymorality.

Laity : Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu! Excellent!Excellent!Excellent!

SĀMANERA PAÑHAThe Questions to the Novice

ThenovicereferredtohereisthesevenyearoldSopaka.HewasquestionedbytheBuddha.Itisnotamatterforsurprisethatachildofsuchtenderyearscangiveprofound answers to these questions. One has heard of infant prodigies.

Ekanāmakim? Sabbesattāāhāratthitikā.Whatissaidtobeone? Allbeingssubsistonfood.

Dvenāmakim? Nāmamcarūpamca.Whatissaidtobetwo? Mindandmatter.

Tīnināmakim? Tissovedanā.Whatissaidtobethree? Threekindsoffeeling.

Cattārināmakim? Cattāriariyasaccāni.Whatissaidtobefour? FourNobleTruths.

Pañcanāmakim? Pañcupādānakhandhā.Whatissaidtobefive? Fiveaggregatessubjecttograsping.

Chanāmakim? Chaajjhattikāniāyatanāni.Whatissaidtobesix? Sixinternalsensebase.

Sattanāmakim? Sattabojjhangā.Whatissaidtobeseven? SevenFactorsofEnlightenment.

Atthanāmakim? Ariyoatthangikomaggo.Whatissaidtobeeight? TheNobleEightfoldPath.

Navanāmakim? Navasattāvāsā.Whatissaidtobenine? Nineabodesofbeings.

Dasanāmakim? DasahangehisamannāgatoArahātivuccatīti.Whatissaidtobeten? HewhoisendowedwithtenattributesiscalledanArahant.

DVATTINSAKARAThe Thirty-two parts of the Body

Atthiimasmimkāye:Thereareinthisbody:

kesā,lomā,nakhā,dantā,taco,head-hairs,body-hairs,nails,teeth,skin,

mamsam,nahāru,atthī,atthimiñjā,vakkam,flesh,sinews,bones,bonemarrow,kidneys,

hadayam,yakanam,kilomakam,pihakam,papphāsam,heart,liver,pleura,spleen,lungs,

antam,antagunam,udariyam,karīsam,intestines,intestinaltract,stomach,faeces,

pittam,semham,pubbo,lohitam,sedo,medo, bile,phlegm,pus,blood,sweat,fat,

assu,vasā,khelo,singhānikā,lasikā,muttam,tears,grease,saliva,nasalmucus,synovialfluid,urine

matthakematthalungamti.andthebrain.

PACCAVEKKHANĀThe Reflections

Patisankhāyonisocīvarampatisevāmi,WithproperdiscernmentImakeuseoftherobe,yāvadevasītassapatighātāya,unhassapatighātāya, onlytowardoffthecold,towardofftheheat,damsamakasavātātapasirimsapasamphassānampatighātāya,towardoffcontactwithgadflies,mosquitoes,wind,theheat(ofthesun),andcreepingthings,yāvadevahirikopīnapaticchādanattham.onlyasacoverfortheshamefulparts.

Patisankhāyonisopindapātampatisevāmi,WithproperdiscernmentImakeuseofalmsfood,nevadavāya,namadāya,namandanāya,navibhūsanāya,notforsport,orforshowingoff,notforornament,orforadornment,yāvadevaimassakāyassathitiyāyāpanāya,butonlytomaintainthisbody,andtocarryon,vihimsūparatiyābrahmacariyānuggahāya, toinhibitannoyance,andtoassistinthespirituallife,itipurānañcavedanampatihankhāmi, andsoIwillgetridofanyoldfeeling,navañcavedanamnauppādessāmi,andnotproduceanynewfeeling,yātrācamebhavissati,anavajjatācaphāsuvihārocāti.andIwillcarryon,beingblameless,andlivingcomfortably.

Patisankhāyonisosenāsanampatisevāmi,WithproperdiscernmentImakeuseofadwelling,yāvadevasītassapatighātāya,unhassapatighātāya, onlytowardoffthecold,towardofftheheat,damsamakasavātātapasirimsapasamphassānampatighātāya,towardoffcontactwithgadflies,mosquitoes,wind,theheat(ofthesun),andserpents,yāvadevautuparissayavinodanampatisallānārāmattham.onlytodispelthetroubleofthe(varying)seasons,andsoastodelightinseclusion.

Patisankhāyonisogilānapaccayabhesajjaparikkhārampatisevāmi,WithproperdiscernmentImakeuseoftherequisiteofmedicineforsupportwhensick,yāvadevauppannānamveyyābādhikānamvedanānampatighātāya onlytowardoffoppressivefeelingsthathavearisenabyāpajjhaparamatāyāti.andatleastbefreefromoppression.

DASADHAMMA SUTTADiscourse On The Ten Reflections

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneSāvatthiyamviharatiJetavaneAnāthapindikassaārāme.wasresidingatthemonasteryofAnathapindikaatJetaGrove,nearSavatthi.TatrakhoBhagavābhikkhū,āmantesiBhikkhavo’ti.ThentheBlessedOneaddressedthemonks,saying:“OMonks.”BhadantetitebhikkhūBhagavatopaccassosum.“VenerableSir,”repliedthemonksinassenttotheBlessedOne.Bhagavāetada’voca:Thereupon he said:

Dasaimebhikkhavedhammāpabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabbā.“Thesetenessentials(dhammas)mustbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth(tolivetheholylife).Katamedasa?Whataretheten?

1. Vevanni-yamhiajjhūpagato’ti Iamnowchangedintoadifferentmodeoflife(fromthatofalayman). Pabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabbam. Thismustbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth.

2. Parapati-baddhāmejīvikā’ti Mylifeisdependentonothers. Pabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabbam. Thismustbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth.

3. Aññomeākappokaranīyo’ti Imustnowbehaveingoodconduct. Pabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabbam. Thismustbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth.

4. Kaccinukhomeattāsīlatonaupavadatī’ti DoIfindfaultinmyselfregardingmyvirtue(Sila)? Pabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabbam. Thismustbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth.

5. Kaccinukhomamanuviccaviññu Domywisefellow-monkshavingtestedme, Sabrahmacārīsīlatonaupavadantī’ti reproachmeregardingmyvirtue(Sila)? Pabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabbam. Thismustbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth.

6. Sabbehime,piyehimanāpehi,nānābhāvovinābhavo’ti Therewillbeapartingsomedayfromallthosewhoaredearandlovingtome. Deathbringsthisseparationtome. Pabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabbam. Thismustbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth.

7. Kammassakomhi,kamma-dāyādo, Iamtheownerofmyactions,heirofmyactions, kammayoni,kamma-bandhu,kamma-patisarano, actionsarethewomb(fromwhichIhavesprung),actionsaremyrelations, actionsaremyprotection; yamkammamkarissāmikalyānamvāpāpakamvā whateveractionIperform,beitgoodorbad, tassadāyādobhavissāmī’ti. oftheseIshallbecometheheir. Pabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabbam. Thismustbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth.

8. Katham-bhūtassamerattim,divāvītipatantī’ti HowdoIspendmynightsanddays? Pabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabbam. Thismustbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth.

9. Kaccinukho’hamsuññāgāreabhira-māmī’ti DoItakedelightinsolitude? Pabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabbam. Thismustbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth.

10. Atthinukhomeuttari-manussa-dhammāalamariyañāna HaveIattainedanysuperhumandistinctioninknowledge dassanavisesoadhigatoso’hampacchimekāle andvisionworthyofthenobleones, sabrahma-cārīhiputthonamankubhavissāmī’ti sothatifIamquestionedbymyfellow-monksatthetimeofmydeath,Ishall havenooccasiontobedepressedanddowncast? Pabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabbam. Thismustbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth.

Imekhobhikkhavedasa-dhammāpabbajitenaabhinhampacca-vekkhitabā’ti.These,monks,aretheessentialsthatshouldbereflecteduponagainandagainbyonewhohasgoneforth(tolivetheholylife).”

Idam’avocaBhagavā.ThustheBlessedOnesaid.Attamanātebhikkhū,Bhagavatobhāsitamabhinandun’ti.ThemonksweredelightedatthewordsoftheBlessedOne.

MAHĀ MANGALA SUTTADiscourse On Blessings

Evammesutam:Thus I have heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneSāvatthiyamviharatiJetavane,Anātha-pindikassaārāme.wasdwellingatthemonasteryofAnathapindikainJeta’sGrove,nearSavatthi.AthakhoaññātarādevatāWhenthenightwasfarspent,abhikkantāyarattiyā,abhikkanta-vannāacertaindeitywhosesurpassingsplendourkevala-kappamJetavanamobhāsetvāilluminatedtheentireJetaGrove,yenaBhagavāten’upasankami,upasankamitvācametothepresenceoftheBlessedOne,anddrawingnear,Bhagavantamabhivādetvā,ekamantamatthāsi.respectfullysalutedandstoodtooneside.Ekamantamthitākho,sādevatāStandingthus,thedeityBhagavantamgāthāyaajjhabhāsi:addressedtheBlessedOneinverse:

Bahūdevāmanussāca—MangalāniacintayumManydeitiesandmen,yearningaftergood,Ākankha-mānāsotthānam—Brūhimangalamuttamam.haveponderedonBlessings.Pray,tellmetheSupremeBlessing.

Asevanācabālānam—PanditānañcasēvanāNottofolloworassociatewithfools,toassociatewiththewise.Pūjācapūja-nīyānam—Etammangalamuttamam.andhonourthosewhoareworthyofhonour.ThisistheSupremeBlessing.

Patirūpa-desavāsōca—Pubbecakata-puññatāToresideinasuitablelocality,tohavedonemeritoriousactionsinthepast,Attasammāpanidhica—Etammangalamuttamam.andtohavesetoneselfontherightcourse(towardsemancipation).ThisistheSupremeBlessing.

Bāhusaccañcasippañca—VinayocasusikkhitoVast-learning,perfecthandicraft,ahighlytraineddisciplineSubhāsitācayāvācā—Etammangalamuttamam.andpleasantspeech.ThisistheSupremeBlessing.

Mātāpitūupatthānam—Putta-dārassasangahoThesupportoffatherandmother,thecherishingofwifeandchildrenAnākulācakammantā—Etammangalamuttamam.andpeacefuloccupations.ThisistheSupremeBlessing.

Dānañcadhammacariyāca—ñātakānañcasangahoLiberality,righteousconduct,thehelpingofrelativesAnavajjānikammāni—Etammangalamuttamam.andblamelessactions.ThisistheSupremeBlessing.

Ārativiratipāpā—MajjapānācasaññamoToceaseandabstainfromevil,forbearancewithrespecttointoxicantsAppamādocadhammesu—Etammangalamuttamam.andsteadfastnessinvirtue.ThisistheSupremeBlessing.

Gāravocanivātoca—SantutthīcakataññutāReverence,humility,contentment,gratitudeandKālenadhammasavanam—Etammangalamuttamam.opportunehearingoftheDhamma.ThisistheSupremeBlessing.

Khantīcasovacassatā—SamanānañcadassanamPatience,obedience,sightoftheSamanas(holymen)Kālenadhammasākacchā—Etammangalamuttamam.andreligiousdiscussionsatdueseason.ThisistheSupremeBlessing.

Tapocabrahmacariyanca—AriyasaccānadassanamSelf-control,purelife,perceptionoftheNobleTruthsNibbāna-sacchi-kiriyāca—Etammangalamuttamam.andtherealisationofNibbana.ThisistheSupremeBlessing.

Putthassalōkadhammehi—CittamyassanakampatiHewhoseminddoesnotflutter,bycontactwithworldlycontingencies,Asokamvirajamkhemam—Etammangalamuttamam.sorrowless,stainlessandsecure.ThisistheSupremeBlessing.

Etādisānikatvāna—Sabbattha-maparājitāTothem,fulfillingmatterssuchasthese,everywhereinvincible,Sabbatthasotthimgacchanti—Tamtesammangala-muttamam’ti.ineverywaymovinghappily.ThesearetheSupremeBlessings.

RATANA SUTTADiscourse On The Jewels

The Ratana Sutta is said to have been recited bytheBuddhawhenthecityofVesalioftheLicchavis was afflicted with illness, famine and non- humans. In the opening stanza, the Buddha is pacifying the non- humans and requesting themtolistentowhatisbeingsaid.Inthesecond stanza, the non-humans are being requested to protect the human beings because they make offeringstotheformer.Fromthenonwardsthestanzas extol the Buddha, the Dhamma and the Sangha describing their virtues. After mentioning each set of qualities attributed to theBuddha,theDhammaortheSangha,well-being is wished for on the strength of the Truth of what is said. Thus is evident the paritta (protection) quality of this sutta. The last three stanzascontainthehomageofthenon-humanstotheBuddha,theDhammaandtheSanghaaftertheSuttawasover,andtheirbenediction.AccordingtothecommentariesthelastthreestanzaswereutteredbySakkathekingofthedevas.

YānīdhabhūtānisamāgatāniWhatsoeverbeingsarehereassembled,Bhummānivāyānivaantalikkhewhetherterrestialorcelestial,Sabb’evabhūtāsumanābhavantumayeverybeingbehappy!Ath’opisakkaccasunantubhāsitam.Moreover,maytheyattentivelylistentomywords!

TasmāhibhūtānisāmethasabbeAccordinglygivegoodheed,allyebeings!MettamkarothamānusiyāpajāyaShowyourlovingkindnesstohumanswho,Divācarattocaharantiyebalimdayandnight,bringofferingstoyou,Tasmāhinerakkhathaappamattā.thereforeguardthemzealously.

YankiñcivittamidhavāhuramvāWhatevertreasuretherebe,eitherhereorintheworldbeyond,Saggēsuvāyamratanampanītamorwhateverpreciousjewelintheheavens;NanosamamatthiTathāgatenaYetthereisnonecomparabletotheAccomplishedOne.Idam’piBuddheratanampanītamTruly,intheBuddhaisthispreciousjewelfound.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth,maytherebehappiness.

KhayamvirāgamamatampanītamThatcessation,passionfree,immortalitySupreme,YadajjhagāSakyamunisamāhitothroughconcentration,thetranquilSageoftheSakyasrealised.NatenaDhammenasam’atthikiñciThereisnoughtcomparablewiththatDhamma.Idam’piDhammeratanampanītamTruly,intheDhammaisthispreciousjewel.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth,maytherebehappiness!

YamBuddhasetthoparivannayīsucimThatsanctitypraisedbytheBuddhaSupreme,Samādhi-mānantari-kañña-māhuisdescribedas‘concentrationwithoutinterruption’.SamādhinātenasamonavijjatiThereisnoughtlikethatconcentration.Idam’piDhammeratanampanītamTruly,intheDhammaisthispreciousjewel.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth,maytherebehappiness!

YepuggalāatthasatampasatthāThoseEightIndividuals,praisedbythevirtuous,Cattārietāniyugānihontithey constitute four pairs.TedakkhineyyāSugatassasāvakāThey,worthyofofferings,arethedisciplesoftheWelcomeOne,Etesudinnānimahapphalānitothesegiftsgivenyieldabundantfruit.Idam’piSangheratanampanītamTruly,intheSanghaisthispreciousjewel.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth,maytherebehappiness!

YesuppayuttāmanasādalhenaWithsteadfastmind,applyingthemselvesNikkāminoGotamasāsanamhithoroughlyintheDispensationofGotama,Tepattipattāamatamvigayhaexemptfrompassion,theyhaveattainedtothatwhichshouldbeattained.LaddhāmudhānibbutimbhuñjamānāAndplungingintotheDeathless,theyenjoythepeaceobtainedwithoutprice.Idam’piSangheratanampanītamTruly,intheSanghaisthispreciousjewel.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth,maytherebehappiness!

Yathinda-khīlopathavimsitosiyāJustasafirmpostsunkintheearth,Catubbhivātebhiasampa-kampiyocannotbeshakenbythefourwinds;TathūpamamsappurisamvadāmiEvensodoIdeclarehimtobearighteouspersonYoariya-saccāniaveccapassatiwhothoroughlyperceivestheNobleTruths.Idam’piSangheratanampanītamTruly,intheSanghaisthispreciousjewel.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth,maytherebehappiness!

Yeariya-saccānivibhāva-yantiThosewhocomprehendclearlytheNobleTruths,Gambhīra-paññenasudesitāniwelltaughtbyHimofwisdomdeep,Kincāpitehontibhusappa-mattāalthoughtheymaybemightilyneglectful,Natebhavamatthamamādiyantitheycanneverundergoaneighthbirth.Idam’piSangheratanampanītamTruly,intheSanghaisthispreciousjewel.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth.maytherebehappiness!

SahāvassadassanasampadāyaForhimwithacquisitionofInsight,Tayassudhammājahitābhavantithreethingsareabandoned,namely,Sakkāya-ditthivici-kicchi-tañcaself-illusion,doubtsandSīlabbatamvāpiyadatthikiñciindulgenceinwrongfulritesandceremonies,whateverthereare.Catūh’apāyehicavippamuttoFromthefourstatesofmisery,heisabsolutelyfreed,Chacābhi-thānāniabhabbokātumandisincapableofcommittingthesixheinouscrimes.Idam’piSangheratanampanītamTruly,intheSanghaisthispreciousjewel.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth,maytherebehappiness!

KiñcāpisokammamkarotipāpakamWhateverevilactionshedoes.Kāyenavācāudacetasāvāwhetherbybody,speechormind,Abhabbosotassapaticchā-dāyaheisnotcapableofhidingit;AbhabbatāditthapadassavuttāforithasbeensaidthatsuchanactisimpossibleforonewhohasseenthePath.Idam’piSangheratanampanītamTruly,intheSanghaisthispreciousjewel.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth,maytherebehappiness!

VanappagumbeyathāphussitaggeLikeuntothewoodlandgroveswithblossomedtreetopsGimhāna-māsepathamasmingimheinthefirstheatofthesummerseason,TathūpamamDhammavaramadesayihastheSublimeDoctrine,Nibbāna-gāmimparamamhitāyathatleadstoNibbana,beentaughtfortheHighestGood.Idam’piBuddheratanampanītamTruly,intheBuddhaisthispreciousjewel.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth,maytherebehappiness!

VarōvaraññūvaradovarāharoTheunrivalledExcellentOne,theKnower,theGiver,andtheBringeroftheExcellentAnuttaroDhammavaramadesayihasexpoundedtheexcellentDoctrine.Idam’piBuddheratanampanītamTruly,intheBuddhaisthispreciousjewel.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth,maytherebehappiness!

KhīnampurānamnavamnatthisambhavamTheirpastisextinct,afreshbecomingthereisnot,Viratta-cittāāyatikebhavasmintheirmindsarenotattachedtoafuturebirth.Tekhīna-bījāavirul-hicchandātheirdesiresgrownot;Nibbantidhīrāyathāyampadīpothosewiseonesgooutevenasthislamp.Idam’piSangheratanampanītamTruly,intheSanghaisthispreciousjewel.Etenasaccenasuvatthihotu.BythisTruth,maytherebehappiness!

YānīdhabhūtānisamāgatāniSakka’sexultation:“Whatsoeverbeingsarehereassembled,Bhummā-nivāyāni’vaantalikkhewhetherterrestialorcelestial,Tathāgatamdeva-manussa-pūjitamsalutetheBuddha,theTathagatahonouredbygodsandmen.Buddhamnamassāmasuvatthihotu.Maytherebehappiness!

YānīdhabhūtānisamāgatāniWhatsoeverbeingsarehereassembled,Bhummā-nivāyāni’vaantalikkhewhetherterrestialorcelestial,Tathāgatamdeva-manussa-pūjitamsalutetheDhamma,oftheTathagatahonouredbygodsandmen.Dhammamnamassāmasuvatthihotu.Maytherebehappiness!

YānīdhabhūtānisamāgatāniWhatsoeverbeingsarehereassembled.Bhummā-nivāyāni’vaantalikkhewhetherterrestialorcelestial,Tathāgatamdeva-manussa-pūjitamsalutetheSangha,oftheTathagatahonouredbygodsandmen.Sanghamnamassāmasuvatthihotu.Maytherebehappiness!”

KARANĪYA METTA SUTTADiscourse On Loving-Kindness

Thisistherefore,animportantSuttaforthedevoteestorecitetoradiatetheirloving-kindnesstoeverybeing.Bydoingso,theycanovercomeanydisturbances,findpeaceandhappinessforthemselvesandhelpotherstolivepeacefullybypractisingthisgreatvirtue.

Karanīyamatthakusalena—Yantamsantampadamabhisamecca:Hewhoisskilledindoinggood,andwhowishestoattainthatstateofcalm(i.e.Nibbana)shouldactthus:Sakkoujūcasūjūca—Suvacocassamuduanatimāni.Heshouldbeable,upright,perfectlyupright,obedient,gentleandhumble.

Santussakocasubharoca—Appa-kiccocasallahuka-vuttiContented,easilysupportable,withfewduties,simpleinlivelihood,Santindriyocanipakoca—Appa-gabbhokulesuananugiddho.controlledinsenses,discreet,notimpudent;notgreedilyattachedtofamilies.

Nacakhuddhamsamācarekiñci—YenaviññūpareupavadeyyumHeshouldnotcommitanyslightwrongsothatotherwisemenmightfindfaultinhim.Sukhinovākheminohontu—Sabbesattābhavantusukhi-tattā.Mayallbeings,withoutexception,behappyandsafe.

Yekecipānabhūtatthi—TasāvāthāvarāvāanavasesāWhatsoeverlivingbeingsthatexist;withoutexception,weak,orstrong.Dīghāvāyemahantāvā—Majjhimā-rassa-kānukathūlā.long,stoutormedium,short,smallorlarge.

A group ofmonkswent to the jungle tomeditateandwasdisturbedandfrightenedbythenon-humanbeings. Unable to progress with their spiritualdevelopment,theydecidedtoreportthemattertotheBuddha.TheBuddhathentaughttheKaranīyaMettaSuttatothegroupofmonksforthepacificationofthenon-humanbeingsandadvisedthemtoreturntothesameplacebutarmedwiththeswordofMetta(Loving-Kindness) for their protection.

Themonksreturnedtothejungleandradiatedtheirloving-kindness to those beings and thereafter,continued with their meditation without anyhindrances. These same non-human beings whohadearliercreateddisturbances,laterrepentedandpaidtheirrespecttothemonks.

Ditthāvāyevaadditthā—YecadūrevasantiavidūreThoseseen(visible)orunseen(notvisible)andthosedwellingfarornear,Bhūtāvāsambhavesīvā—Sabbesattābhavantusukhi-tattāthosewhoarebornandthosewhoaretobeborn.Mayallbeings,withoutexception,behappyminded.

Naparoparamnikubbetha—Nāti-maññethakatthacinamkañciLet no one deceive another nor despise anyone anywhere.Byāro-sanāpatigha-saññā—Nāñña-maññassadukkha-miccheyya.Inangerorillwill,letthemnotwisheachotherharm.

Mātāyathāniyamputtam—Āyusāekaputta-manurakkheJustasamotherwouldprotectheronlychildattheriskofherownlife,Evam’pisabbabhūtesu—Mānasam-bhāvayeapari-mānamevensotowardsallbeingslethimcultivateboundlesslove.

Mettancasabbalōkasmin—Mānasam-bhāvayeapari-mānamLetthoughtsofboundlesslovepervadethewholeworld;above,belowandacrossUddhamadhōcatiriyañca—Asam-bādhamaveramasapattam.withoutanyobstruction,withoutanyhatred,withoutanyenmity.

Titthamcaramnisinnovā—SayānovāyāvatassavigatamiddhoWhetherhestands,walks,sitsorliedown,aslongasheisawake,Etamsatimadhitthheyya—Brahmametamvihāramidha-māhuheshoulddevelopthismindfulness.ThistheysayistheHighestconducthere.

Ditthiñcaanupagammasīlavā—Dassa-nenasampannoNotfallingintowrongviews,virtuousandendowedwithinsight,Kāmesuvineyyagedham—Nahijātugabbhaseyyampunaretī’ti.hediscardsattachmenttosensuousdesires.Truly,hedoesnotcomeagain;tobe conceivedinawomb.

Etenasaccavajjena—Dukkhāvūpasamentume/te.BythefirmdeterminationofthisTruth,mayI/youbefreefromsuffering!Etenasaccavajjena—Bhayavūpasamentume/te.BythefirmdeterminationofthisTruth,mayI/youbefreefromfear!Etenasaccavajjena—Rogavūpasamentume/te.BythefirmdeterminationofthisTruth,mayI/youbefreefromillness!

KHANDHA PARITTA Protection Of The Aggregates

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneSāvatthiyamviharatiJetavane,Anāthapindikassaārāme.waslivingatAnathapindika’smonasteryatJetaGrove,nearSavatthi.Tenakhopanasamayena,SāvatthiyamaññatarobhikkhūAtthattime,atSavatthi,acertainmonkahinādatthokālakatohoti.haddiedbittenbyasnake.

AthakhosambahulābhikkhūThereuponmanymonksyenaBhagavā,ten’upasankamimsu,upasankamitvāapproachedtheBuddha,Bhagavantamabhivādetvāekamantamnisīdimsu.andhavingpaidhomagetoHim,satononeside.EkamantamnisinnākhotebhikkhūSoseated,thosemonksspokethusBhagavantametadavocum:totheBlessedOne:

IdhabhanteSāvatthiyamaññatarobhikkhū“VenerableSir,acertainmonkatSavatthiahinādatthokālakatohoti.haddiedbittenbyasnake.”

Nahanūnasobhikkhavebhikkhū“Assuredly,monks”,saidtheBuddha.cattāriahirājakulānimettenacittenaphari“Thatmonkhasnotsuffusedwiththoughtsofloving-kindnesssacehisobhikhavebhikkhūtothefourroyaltribesofsnakes.cattāriahirājakulāni,mettenacittenaphareyyaHadhedoneso,nahisobhikkhavebhikkhūthatmonkwouldnothaveahinādatthokālamkareyyadiedofsnake-bite.

Katamānicattāriahirājakulāni?Whatarethefourroyaltribesofsnakes?VirūpakkhamahirājakulamTheroyaltribeofsnakescalledVirūpakkha.ErāpathamahirājakulamTheroyaltribeofsnakescalledErāpatha.ChabyāputtamahirājakulamTheroyaltribeofsnakescalledChabyāputta.Kanhāgotamakamahirājakulam.TheroyaltribeofsnakescalledKanhāgotamaka.NahanūnasobhikhavebhikkhūMonks,thatmonkdidnotsuffuseimānicattāriahirājakulāni,mettenacittenaphari.withthoughtsofloving-kindnesstothesefourroyaltribesofsnakes.

Sacehisobhikkhavebhikkhū,imānicattāriahirajakulāniIfindeed,Omonks,thatmonkwouldhavesuffusedmettenacittenaphareyya,nahisobhikkhavebhikkhūthesefourroyaltribesofsnakeswithalovingmind,Omonks,thatmonkahinādatthokālamkareyya.wouldnothavediedbeingbittenbyasnake.AnujānāmibhikkhaveimānicattāriahirājakulāniMonks,Ienjoinyoutosuffusewiththoughtsmettena cittena pharitumofloving-kindnesstothesefourroyaltribesofsnakesattaguttiyāattarakkhāyaattaparittāyāti.foryoursafety,foryourpreservation,andforyourprotection.”

Idam’avocaBhagavāSosaidtheBlessedOne.IdamvatvāSugatoathāparametada’vocasatthā:Havingthusspoken,theWelcomeOne(Sugata),furthersaid:

1. Virūpakkehimemettam “MayIhaveloving-kindnesstowardsVirūpakkhas. MettamErāpathehime TowardsErāpathasmayIhaveloving-kindness. Chabyāputtehimemettam MayIhaveloving-kindnesstowardsChabyāputtas. MettamKanhā-gotamakehica. TowardsKanhāgotamakasalso,mayIhaveloving-kindness.”

2. Apādakehimemettam “MayIhaveloving-kindnesstowardsthefootless. Mettamdipādakehime Andtowardsbipeds,too,mayIhaveloving-kindness. Catuppadehi me mettam MayIhaveloving-kindnesstowardsthequadrupeds. Mettambahuppadehime. Andtowardsthemanyfeetalso,mayIhaveloving-kindness.”

3. Māmamapādakohimsi “Letnotthefootlessdomeharm. Māmamhimsidipādako Letnotthetwofeetdomeharm. Māmamcatuppadohimsi Letnotthefourfeetdomeharm. Māmamhimsibahuppado. Northoseendowedwithmanyfeetdomeharm.”

4. Sabbesattā,sabbepānā “Allbeings,alllivingcreatures, Sabbebhutācakevalā Mayallwhohavebecome,intheirentirety. Sabbebhadrānipassantu Maygoodfortunebefallthemall. Mākañcipāpamāgamā. Maynottheleastharmbefallonthem.”

AppamānoBuddho,appamānoDhammo,appamānoSanghoInfiniteistheBuddha,infiniteistheDhamma,infiniteistheSangha.pamānavantānisirimsapāniahivicchikāFinitearecreepingcreatures—snakes,scorpions,centipedes,satapadī,unnānābhi,sarabhū,mūsikā.spiders,lizardsandrats.Katāmerakkhā,katāmeparittā.Ihaveguardedmyself,Ihavemademyprotection.Patikkamantubhūtāni.Departfromme,yebeings.So’hamnamoBhagavatoIbowtotheBlessedOnenamosattannamSammāSambuddhānan’ti.andtothesevenSupremeBuddhas.

METTĀNISAMSA SUTTA Discourse On Advantages Of Loving-Kindness

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneSāvatthiyamviharatiJetavaneAnāthapindikassaārāme.wasresidingatthemonasteryofAnathapindikaatJetaGrove,nearSavatthi.Tatrakho,BhagavābhikkhūāmantesiBhikkhavotiThentheBlessedOneaddressedthemonks,saying:“Monks.”BhadantetitebhikkhūBhagavatopaccassosum.“VenerableSir,”repliedthosemonksinassenttotheBlessedOne.Bhagavāetadavoca:Thereupon he said:

Mettāyabhikkhave,ceto-vimuttiyā“Monks,fromthedeliveranceofheartthroughthecultivationofloving-kindness,āsevitāyabhāvitāyabahulīkatāyabyfamiliarizingoneselfwiththoughtsofloving-kindness,yānīkatāya,vatthukatāya,anutthitāyabyconstantlyincreasingthesethoughts,byregardingloving-kindnessasavehicleofexpression,andalsoassomethingtobetreasured,paricitāyasusamāraddhāyabylivinginconformitywiththesethoughts,byputtingtheseideasintopractice,andbyestablishingthem,ekādasā-nisamsāpātikankhā.elevenadvantagesaretobeexpected.Katameekādasa?Whataretheeleven?”

1. Sukhamsupati. Hesleepshappily.

2. Sukhampatibujjhati. Hewakesuphappily.

3. Napāpakamsupinampassati. Hehasnobaddreams.

4. Manussānampiyohoti. Heisdeartohumanbeings.

5. Amanussānampiyohoti. Heisdeartonon-human.

6. Devatārakkhanti. Devasprotecthim.

7. Nāssaaggivā,visamvā,satthamvākamati. Heisimmunefromfire,poisonandsword.

8. Tuvatamcittamsamādhiyati. Hismindcanconcentratequickly.

9. Mukhavannovippasīdati. Hisfacialexpressionisbeautiful,clearandbright.

10. Asammūlhokālamkaroti. Hewillhaveapeacefuldeath.

11. Uttarimappati-vijjhantobrahma-lokūpagohoti. IfhefailstoattainArahantship,hereandnow, hewillberebornintheblissfulrealmortheBrahmarealm.

Mettāyabhikkhaveceto-vimuttiyā“Monks,fromthedeliveranceofheartthroughthecultivationofloving-kindness,āsevitāya,bhāvitāya,bahulīkatāyabyfamiliarizingoneselfwiththoughtsofloving-kindness,yānīkatāyavatthukatāyaanutthitāyabyconstantlyincreasingthesethoughts,byregardingloving-kindnessasavehicleofexpression,andalsoassomethingtobetreasured,paricitāyasusa-māraddhāyabylivinginconformitywiththesethoughts,byputtingtheseideasintopractice,andbyestablishingthem,imeekādasā-nīsamsāpātikankhā’ti.theseelevenadvantages,monks,aretobeexpected.”

IdamavocaBhagavāattamanātebhikkhū.SosaidtheBlessedOne.Bhagavatobhāsitamabhinandun’ti.ThemonksrejoicedatthewordsoftheBlessedOne.

MITTĀNISAMSA SUTTA Discourse On Advantages Of Friendship

The Mittānisamsu stanzas are designed specially for the benefit of laymen. Hewho does not betray his friends derivesmany benefits which are described here.ThesestanzasarealsofoundintheTemiyaJatakawheretheyareattributedtotheBodhisattva.

1. Pahūta-bhakkhobhavatī—Vippavutthosakāgharā Hewhomaintainsgenuinefriendshipandisnottreacherous, wheneverhegoesawayfromhishome, Bahūnamupajīvantī—Yomittānamnadūbhati. willreceiveabundanceofhospitality.Manywilldependonhim.

2. Yamyamjanapadamyātī—Nigamerājadhāniyo Hewhomaintainsgenuinefriendshipandisnottreacherous, Sabbatthapūjitohoti—Yomittānamnadūbhati. inwhatevercountry,villageortownhevisits,willbehonoured.

3. Nāssacorāpasahanti—Nātimaññetikhattiyo Hewhomaintainsgenuinefriendshipandisnottreacherous,robberswillnot overpowerhim.Royaltywillnotlookdownuponhim. Sabbeamittetarati—Yomittānamnadūbhati. Hewilltriumphoverallhisenemies.

4. Akkuddhosagharameti—Sabhāyapatinandito Hewhomaintainsgenuinefriendshipandisnottreacherous, returnshomewithfeelingsofamity,rejoicesintheassembliesofpeople, Ñātīnamuttamohoti—Yomittānamnadūbhati. willbecomethechiefamonghiskinsmen.

5. Sakkatvāsakkatohoti—Garuhotisagāravo Hewhomaintainsgenuinefriendshipandisnottreacherous, beinghospitabletoothers,inturn,receiveshospitality. Vanna-kittibhatohoti—Yomittānamnadūbhati. Beingrespectfultoothers,inturn,receivesrespect. Heenjoysbothpraiseandfame.

6. PūjakoIabhatepūjam—Vandakopati-vandanam Hewhomaintainsgenuinefriendshipandisnottreacherous, beingagiver,inturn,receivesgiftshimself. Yasokittiñcapappoti—Yomittānamnadūbhati. Beingadorabletoothers,inturn,himselfisadored. Heattainsprosperityandfame.

7. Aggiyathāpajjalati—Devatā’vavirocati Hewhomaintainsgenuinefriendshipandisnottreacherous, shinesinglorylikethefire,andisradiantasadeity. Siriyāajahitohoti—Yomittānamnadūbhati. Neverwillprosperityforsakehim.

8. Gāvotassapajāyanti—Khettevutthamvirūhati Hewhomaintainsgenuinefriendshipandisnottreacherous, tohimtherewillbemanybreedingcattle. Puttānamphalamasnāti—Yomittānamnadūbhati. Whatissowninthefieldwillflourish.Thefruitofthatwhichissownheenjoys.

9. Daritopabbatātovā—Rukkhātopatitonaro Hewhomaintainsgenuinefriendshipandisnottreacherous, shouldhefallfromaprecipiceormountainortree. CutopatitthamIabhati—Yomittānamnadūbhati. hewillbeprotected(willnotbeharmed).

10. Virūlha-mūla-santānam—Nigro-dhamivamāluto Hewhomaintainsgenuinefriendshipandisnottreacherouscannotbe overthrownbyenemies, Amittānappa-sahanti—Yomittānamnadūbhati. evenasthedeep-rootedbanyantreecannotbeoverthrownbythewind.

MORA PARITTAThe Peacock’s Prayer For Protection

TheMoraParittaisapeacock’sprotectivechant.

Hereatsunrise,thepeacockworshipstheSungod,praisinghimandsayingthatthepeacocks areprotectedbyhimduring theday.He salutes those versatile personsversed inDhammaandnextheworships theBuddhasandNibbana.Thenhegoesaboutsearchingforfood.Againwhenthesunsets,herepeatsthesamebutpraisingtheSungodforprotectinghiminthenight.Thushespendshislife.ThisisalsofoundintheMora Jataka,wheretheBodhisatta isbornasagoldenhuedpeacock. IntheJataka,theparittagivenhereisutteredbythepeacock.

(Morningchanting)

1. Udet’ayamcakkhumāekarājā This(sun),thepossessorofeyes,thesoleking,rises, Harissavannopathavippabhāso. Heofgoldenhueandilluminatorofthewholeearth. Tamtamnamassāmiharissavannam,pathavippabhāsam. ThereforeIworshipyouofgoldenhueandilluminatoroftheearth. Tay’ajjaguttāviharemudivasam. Today,protectedbyyou,wespendthedaycomfortably.

2. Yebrāhmanāvedagūsabbadhamme Whoeverbrahmanas,knowersoftheVedaregarding allthings(dhammas)whichshouldbeknown. Temenamo,tecamampālayantu Maymyworshipbetothem,maytheyprotectme. NamatthuBuddhānam,namatthubodhiyā MaymyworshipbetothepastBuddhas. MaymyworshipbetotheirEnlightenment. Namovimuttānam,namovimuttiyā Maymyworshipbetothosewhoarefreed. Maymyworshipbetothatfreedom(ofthosesaints). Imamsoparittamkatvāmorocaratiesanā. Havingmadethisprotection,thepeacockwandersseekingforfood.

(Eveningchanting)

3. Apet’ayamcakkhumāekārajā This(sun),thepossessorofeyes,thesoleking,sets, Harissavannopathavippabhāso Heofgoldenhueandilluminatorofthewholeearth. Tamtamnamassāmiharissavannam,pathavippabhāsam ThereforeIworshipyouofgoldenhueandilluminatoroftheearth. Tay’ajjaguttāviharemurattim. Today,protectedbyyou,wespendthenightcomfortably.

4. Yebrāhmanāvedagūsabbadhamme Whoeverbrahmanas,knowersoftheVeda regardingallthings(dhammas)(whichshouldbeknown). Temenamo,tecamampālayantu Maymyworshipbetothem,maytheyprotectme. NamatthuBuddhānam,namatthubodhiyā MaymyworshipbetotheformerBuddhas. MaymyworshipbetotheirEnlightenment. Namovimuttānam,namovimuttiyā. Maymyworshipbetothosewhoarefreed. Maymyworshipbetothatfreedom(ofthosesaints).

Imamsoparittamkatvāmorovāsama-kappayī’ti. Havingmadethisprotection,thepeacockspenthisday.

CANDA PARITTAThe Moon Deity’s Prayer For Protection

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavā,SāvatthiyamviharatiOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOne,waslivingnearSāvatthiJetavaneAnāthapindikassaārāme.atthemonasteryofAnathapindikainJeta’sGrove.

Tenakhopanasamayena,Atthattime,CandimādevaputtoRāhunāasurindenagahitohoti.Candima,themoondeity,wasseizedbyRāhu,LordofAsuras.AthakhoCandimādevaputtoBhagavantamanussaramāno,ThereuponcallingtomindtheBlessedOne,Candima,themoondeity,tāyamvelāyamimamgāthamabhāsi:recited this stanza:

NamoteBuddhavīratthu—Vippamuttosisabbadhi“HonourtoYou,Buddha,theHero-Youwhoarewhollyfreefromallevil.Sambādhapatipannosmi—Tassamesaranambhavāti.Ihavefallenintodistress.Pleasebemyrefuge.”

AthakhoBhagavāCandimamdevaputtamārabbhaThereupononbehalfofCandima,theBlessedOneRāhumasurindamgāthāyaajjhabhāsi:addressedtheasuralordRāhu,withastanza:

TathāgatamArahantam—Candimāsaranamgato.“OhRāhu,CandimahasgoneforrefugetotheTathagata,theConsummateOne.Rāhucandampamuñcassu—Buddhālokānukampakāti.ReleaseCandima.TheBuddhasradiatecompassionontheworld(ofbeings)”

AthakhoRāhuasurindoCandimamdevaputtammuñcitvāThereuponRāhu,LordofAsuras,releasedCandima,thedeity,taramānarūpoyenaVepacittiasurindotenupasankami, andimmediatelycametothepresenceofVepacittaLordofAsuras,upasankamitvāsamviggolomahatthajātoekamantamatthāsi.andstoodbesidehimtremblingwithfearandwithhairstandingonend.EkamantamthitamkhoRāhumasurindamVepacittiasurindogāthāyaajjhabhāsi:ThenVepacittaaddressedRāhuinthisstanza:

Kinnusantaramānova—RāhuCandampamuñcasi?“Rāhu,whydidyousuddenlyreleaseCandima?Samviggarūpoāgamma—Kinnubhītovatitthasīti?Whyhaveyoucometrembling,andwhyareyoustandinghereterrified?”

Sattadhāmephalemuddhā—Jīvantonasukhamlabhe“Myheadwillsplitintoseven,whileyetlivingIwillhavenohappiness,Buddhagāthābhigītomhi—NocemuñceyyaCandimamti.IamtheonetowhomtheBuddhahasaddressedastanzatoreleaseCandima.”

SURIYA PARITTAThe Sun Deity’s Prayer For Protection

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavā,SāvatthiyamviharatiOnoneoccasiontheBlessedone,waslivingnearSāvatthiJetavaneAnāthapindikassaārāme.atthemonasteryofAnathapindikainJeta’sGrove.

TenakhopanasamayenaAtthattime,SuriyodevaputtoRāhunāasurindenagahitohoti.Suriya,thesundeity,wasseizedbyRāhu,LordofAsuras.AthakhoSuriyodevaputtoBhagavantamanussaramānoThereuponcallingtomindtheBlessedOne,Suriya,thesundeity,tāyamvelāyamimamgāthamabhāsi:recited this stanza:

NamoteBuddhavīratthu—Vippamuttosisabbadhi“HonourtoYou,Buddha,theHero-YouwhoarewhollyfreefromallevilSambādhapatipannosmi—Tassamesaranambhavāti.Ihavefallenintodistress.Pleasebemyrefuge.”

AthakhoBhagavāSuriyamdevaputtamārabbhaThereupononbehalfofSuriya,theBlessedOneRāhumasurindamgāthāhiajjhabhāsi:addressedtheasuralordRāhu,withastanza:

TathāgatamArahantam—Suriyosaranamgato,“OhRāhu,SuriyahasgoneforrefugetotheTathagata,theConsummateOne.RāhuSuriyampamuñcassu—Buddhālokānukampakāti.ReleaseSuriya.TheBuddhasradiatecompassionontheworld(ofbeings).”

Yoandhakāretamasīpabhankaro—Verocanomandalīuggatejo“ORāhu,swallownotthedispellerofdarkness,theshiningone,theradiantmāRāhugilīcaramantalikkhe—PajammamaRāhupamuñcaSuriyanti.andeffulgenttravellerthroughthesky.Rāhu,releaseSuriya,myson.”

AthakhoRāhuasurindoSuriyamdevaputtammuñcitvā ThereupontheasuralordRāhu,releasedSuriya,thedeity,taramānarūpoyenaVepacittiasurindo,tenupasankamiandimmediatelycametothepresenceoftheasuraLordVepacitta,upasankamitvā,samviggolomahatthajātoekamantamatthāsi.andstoodbesidehimtremblingwithfearandwithhairstandingonend.EkamantamthitamkhoRāhumasurindamVepacittiasurindo gāthāyaajjhabhāsi:ThenVepacittaaddressedRāhuinthisstanza:

Kinnusantaramānova—RāhuSuriyampamuñcasi?“Rāhu,whydidyousuddenlyreleaseSuriya?Sanviggarūpoāgamma—Kinnubhītovatitthasīti?Whyhaveyoucometremblingandwhyareyoustandinghereterrified?”

Sattadhāmephalemuddhā—Jīvantonasukhamlabhe“Myheadwillsplitintoseven,whileyetlivingIwillhavenohappiness,Buddhagāthābhigītomhi—NocemuñceyyaSuriyanti.IamtheonetowhomtheBuddhahasaddressedastanzatoreleaseSuriya.”

DHAJAGGA PARITTABanner Protection

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOne,SāvatthiyamviharatiJetavaneAnāthapindikassaārāme.waslivingatthemonasteryofAnathapindika,atJetaGrove,nearSavatthi.TatrakhoBhagavābhikkhūāmantesiBhikkhavoti.Thenheaddressedthemonkssaying,“OMonks”.Bhadante’titebhikkhūBhagavatopaccassosum.“VenerableSir”,repliedthemonksinassenttotheBlessedOne.

Bhagavāetadavoca:Thereuponhespokeasfollows:Bhūtapubbambhikkhavedevā-surasangāmosamūpabbūlhoahosi.“Monks,Ishallrelateaformerincident.TherearoseabattlebetweentheDevasandAsuras.AthokhoBhikkhaveSakkodevānamindoThenSakka,theLordoftheDevas,deveTāvatimseāmantesi:addressedtheDevasoftheTavatimsaheaventhus:Sacemārisādevānamsangāma-gatānamuppajjeyya‘Happyones,iftheDevaswhohavegonetothebattleshouldexperiencefear,bhayamvāchambhitattamvālomahansovāorterrororsufferfromhairstandingonend,mamevatasminsamayedhajaggamullokeyyātha.letthembeholdthecrestofmyownbanner.MamamhivodhajaggamullokayatamIfyoudoso,yambhavissatibhayamvāchambhitattamvālomahansovāsopahīyissati.anyfear,terrororhairstandingonendarisinginyouwillpassaway.

NocemedhajaggamullokeyyāthaIfyoufailtolookuptothecrestofmybanner,athaPajāpatissadevarājassadhajaggamullokeyyātha.lookatthecrestofthebannerofPajāpati,Kingofgods.PajāpatissahivodevarājassadhajaggamullokayatamIfyoudoso,yambhavissatibhayamvāchambhitattamvālomahansovāsopahīyissati.anyfear,terrororhairstandingonendarisinginyouwillpassaway.

NocePajāpatissadevārajassadhajaggamullokeyyāthaIfyoufailtolookuptothecrestofPajāpati,Kingofgods,athaVarunassadevārajassadhajaggamullokeyyātha.lookatthecrestofthebannerofVaruna,Kingofgods.VarunassahivodevārajassadhajaggamullokayatamIf you do so.yambhavissatibhayamvāchambitattamvālomahansovāsopahīyissati.anyfear,terrororhairstandingonendarisinginyouwillpassaway.

NoceVarunassadevarājassadhajaggamullokeyyāthaIfyoufailtolookuptothecrestofVaruna,Kingofgods,athaĪsānassadevarājassadhajaggamullokeyyātha.lookatthecrestofthebannerofĪsāna,Kingofgods.ĪsānassahivodevarājassadhajaggamullokayatamIfyoudoso,yambhavissatibhayamvāchambitattamvālomahansovāsopahīyissati.anyfear,terrororhairstandingonendarisinginyouwillpassaway.’

TamkhopanabhikkhaveSakkasavādevāna-mindassa dhajaggamullokayatamMonks,anyfear,terrororhairstandingonendarisinginthemwholookatthecrestofthebannerofSakka……theLordofthegods.PajāpatissavādevarājassadhajaggamullokayatamofPajāpati....theKingofgods,VarunassavādevarājassadhajaggamullokayatamofVaruna....theKingofgods,ĪsānassavādevarājassadhajaggamullokayatamofĪsāna……theKingofgods,yambhavissatibhayamvāchambhitattamvālomahansovā,sopahīyethāpino’pipahīyetha.anyfear,terrororhairstandingonend,maypassawayornotpassaway.Tam kissa hetu?Whatisthereasonforthis?

SakkobhikkhavedevānamindoSakka,theLordofthegods,Omonks,avītarāgoavītadosoavītamohoisnotfreefromlust,notfreefromhatred,notfreefromdelusion,bhīrucchambhīuttrāsipalāyīti.andisthereforeliabletofear,terror,frightandflight.

AhamcakhobhikkhaveevamvadāmiIalsosayuntoyou,Omonkssacetumhākambhikkhave,arañña-gatānamvā,rukkha-mūla-gatānamvāwhenyouhavegonetotheforest,ortothefootofatree,suññagāra-gatānamvā,uppajjeyyabhayamvāortoanemptyhouse(asecludedplace),ifanyfear,chambhitattamvālomahansovāterrororhairstandingonendshouldriseinyou,mamevatasminsamayeanussareyyātha:thenthinkonlyofMethus:

Iti’pisoBhagavāArahamSammāsambuddhoSuchindeedistheBlessedOne,Exalted,Omniscient,VijjācaranasampannoSugatoLokavidūendowedwithknowledgeandvirtue,Well-gone,Knoweroftheworlds,AnuttaroPurisa-damma-sārathīanIncomparableCharioteerforthetrainingofindividuals.SatthāDeva-manussānamTeacherofgodsandmen.BuddhoBhagavāti.EnlightenedandHoly.

MamamhivobhikkhaveanussaratamMonks,ifyouthinkofMe,yambhavissatibhayamvāchambhitattamvālomahansovāsopahīyissati.anyfearorterrororhairstandingonend,thatmayariseinyou,willpassaway.

Nocemamanussareyyātha,athaDhammamanussareyyātha:IfyoufailtothinkofMe,thenthinkoftheDhamma(theDoctrine)thus:

SvākkhātoBhagavatāDhammoTheDhammaoftheBlessedOneisperfectlyexpounded;SanditthikoAkālikotobeseenhereandnow;notdelayedintime;Ehi-passikoOpanayikoinvitingonetocomeandsee:onwardleadingto(Nibbana);Paccattamveditabboviññūhiti.tobeknownbythewise,eachforhimself.

DhammamhivobhikkhaveanussaratamMonks,ifyouthinkoftheDhamma,yambhavissatibhayamvāchambhitattamvālomahansovāsopahīyissati.anyfearorterrororhairstandingonend,thatmayariseinyou,willpassaway.

NoceDhammamanussareyyātha,athaSanghamanussareyyātha:IfyoufailtothinkoftheDhamma,thenthinkoftheSangha(theOrder)thus:

SupatipannoBhagavatosāvakasanghoOfgoodconductistheOrderoftheDisciplesoftheBlessedOne.UjupatipannoBhagavatosāvakasanghoOfuprightconductistheOrderoftheDisciplesoftheBlessedOne.ÑāyapatipannoBhagavatosāvakasanghoOfwiseconductistheOrderoftheDisciplesoftheBlessedOne.SāmīcipatipannoBhagavatosāvakasanghoOfdutifulconductistheOrderoftheDisciplesoftheBlessedOne.YadidamcattāripurisayugāniatthapurisapuggalāThatistosay:theFourPairsofMen,theEightTypesofPersons,esaBhagavatosāvakasanghotheSanghaoftheBlessedOne’sdisciplesĀhuneyyoPāhuneyyoisworthyofofferings,isworthyofhospitality,DakkhineyyoAñjali-karanīyoisworthyofgifts,isworthyofreverentialsalutation,AnuttaramPuññakkhettamLokassā’ti.isanincomparablefieldofmeritstotheworld.

SanghamhivobhikkhaveanussaratamMonks,ifyouthinkoftheSangha,yambhavissatibhayamvāchambhitattamvālomahansovāsopahiyissati.anyfearorterrororhairstandingonend,thatmayariseinyou,willpassaway.Tam kissa hetu?Whatisthereasonforthis?

Tathāgatobhikkhave,ArahamSammāSambuddhoTheTathagata,Omonks,whoisArahant,SupremelyEnlightenedvītarāgovītadosovītamohoisfreefromlust,freefromhatred,freefromdelusionabhīruacchambhīanutrāsiapalāyī’ti.andisnotliabletofear,terror,frightorflight.”

IdamavocaBhagavā.SosaidtheBlessedOne.IdamvatvāSugatoathāparametadavocaSatthā:Havingthusspoken,theTeacher,theWelcomeBeing(Sugata),furthersaid:

1. Araññerukkhamūlevā “Whetherinforestoratfootoftree, Suññagārevabhikkhavo orinsomesecludedplaces,Omonks, Anussaretha Sambuddham docalltomindtheSupremeBuddha; Bhayamtumhākanosiyā. thentherewillbenofeartoyouatall.

2. NoceBuddhamsareyyātha IfyoufailtothinkoftheBuddha.Omonks. Lokajetthamnarāsabham thatLordoftheworldandChiefofmen, AthaDhammamsareyyātha thendothink,Omonks,oftheDhamma; Nīyyānikamsudesitam. sowellpreachedandleadingtoNibbana.

3. NoceDhammamsareyyātha IfyoufailtothinkoftheDhamma,Omonks, Nīyyānikamsudesitam wellpreachedandleadingtoNibbana; AthaSanghamsareyyātha thendothink,Omonks,oftheSangha; Puññakkhettamanuttaram. thatwonderfulfieldofmeritstoall.

4. EvamBuddhamSarantānam TothoserecallingtheSupremeBuddha, DhammamSanghamcabhikkhavo TothoserecallingtheSublimeDhamma andtothoserecallingtheSangha,Omonks, Bhayamvāchambhitattamvā, nofear,noterrorwillmakethemquiver Lomahansonahessati’ti. andtheirhairwillnotstandonend.”

MAHĀ KASSAPA THERA BOJJHANGADiscourseOnFactorsOfEnlightenmentToMahāKassapaThera

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOne,RājagaheviharatiVeluvaneKalandakanivāpewasresidingattheSquirrels’feedinggroundintheBambooGrove,nearRajagaha.TenakhopanasamayenaAtthattime,āyasmāMahāKassapoPipphaliguhāyamviharatitheVenerableMahāKassapawhowaslivinginthePipphaliCave,ābādhiko,dukkhito,bālhagilāno.wasafflictedwithadisease,wassuffering,andwasgravelyill.

Athakho,Bhagavā,sāyanha-samayam,patisallānāvutthitoThentheBlessedOne,arisingfromHissolitudeateventide,yenāyasmāMahāKassapoten’upasankami,visitedtheVenerableMahāKassapaupasankamitvāpaññatteāsanenisīdi.andsatdownonaseatmadereadyforHim.NisajjakhoBhagavāāyasmantamMahāKassapametadavoca:Thusseated,theBlessedOnespoketotheVenerableMahāKassapa:

KacciteKassapakhamanīyam?“WellKassapa,howisitwithyou?Areyouenduringyoursuffering?Kacciyāpaniyam?Areyoubearingup?Kaccidukkhāvedanāpatikkamantino,abhikkamanti?Doyourpainfulfeelingdecreaseorincrease?Patikkamosānampaññāyatino,abhikkamo’ti?Aretheresignsofdecreasingandnotincreasing?”

Namebhantekhamanīyamna,yāpanīyam“No.VenerableSir,Iamnotenduring.Iamnotbearingup,bālhāmedukkhāvedanā.thepainfulfeelingisverygreat.Abhikkamantino,patikkamantiThere is a sign of pain not decreasingabhikkamosānampaññāyatino,patikkamo’ti.butoftheirincreasing.”

SattimeKassapa,bojjhangāKassapa,thesesevenfactorsofEnlightenmentmayāsammadakkhātā,bhāvitā,bahulīkatāarewellexpoundedbyMe,andarecultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattanti.Theyareconducivetoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Katamesatta?Whataretheseven?

Sati-sambojjhangokhoKassapaMindfulness,thefactorofEnlightenment,Kassapa,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Dhamma-vicaya-sambojjhangokhoKassapaInvestigationoftheDhamma,thefactorofEnlightenment,Kassapa,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Viriya-sambojjhangokhoKassapaPerseveringeffort,thefactorofEnlightenment,Kassapa,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Pīti-sambojjhangokhoKassapaRapture,thefactorofEnlightenment,Kassapa,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoIswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Passaddhi-sambojjhangokhoKassapaTranquility,thefactorofEnlightenment,Kassapa,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Samādhi-sambojjhangokhoKassapaConcentration,thefactorofEnlightenment,Kassapa,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Upekkhā-sambojjhangokhoKassapaEquanimity,thefactorofEnlightenment.Kassapa,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

ImekhoKassapasattabojjhangāThesesevenfactorsofEnlightenment,Kassapa,mayāsammadakkhāta,bhāvitā,bahulīkatāarewellexpoundedbyMe,andarecultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattanti.Theyconducetoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.”

TagghaBhagavabojjhangā“Mostassuredly,OBlessedOne,theyarefactorsofEnlightenment.taggha,Sugata,bojjhangā’ti.Mostassuredly,OWelcomeOne(Sugata),theyarefactorsofEnlightenment.”

IdamavocaBhagavāThussaidtheBuddha,attamano,āyasmāMahāKassapoandalsotheVenerableMahāKassapa,whogladatheart,Bhagavatobhāsitamabhinandi.wasdelightedattheutterancesoftheBuddha.

VutthāhicāyasmāMahāKassapotamhāābādhāThereupontheVenerableMahāKassaparecoveredfromthataffliction,tathāpahīnocāyasmatoMahākassapassasoābādhoahosīti.andthatafflictionoftheVenerableMahāKassapadisappeared.

MAHĀ MOGGALLĀNA THERA BOJJHANGADiscourseOnFactorsOfEnlightenment

ToMahāMoggallānaThera

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneRājagaheviharatiVeluvaneKalandakanivāpe.wasresidingattheSquirrels’feedinggroundintheBambooGrove,nearRajagaha.TenakhopanasamayenaAtthattime,āyasmāMahāMoggallānoGijjhakūtepabbateviharatitheVenerableMahāMoggallānawhowaslivingontheGijjhakutaHill(Vultures’Peak),ābādhiko,dukkhito,bālhagilāno.wasafflictedwithadisease,wassufferingtherefrom,andwasgravelyill.

AthakhoBhagavāsāyanhasamayampatisallānāvutthitoThentheBlessedOne,arisingfromHissolitudeateventide,yenāyasmāMahāMoggallānoten’upasankamivisitedtheVenerableMahaMoggallánaupasankamitvāpaññatteāsanenisīdi.andsatdownonaseatmadereadyforHim.Nisajjakho,BhagavāāyasmantamMahā-Moggallānametadavoca:Thusseated,theBlessedOnespoketotheVenerableMahāMoggallāna:

KacciteMoggallānakhamanīyam?“WellMoggallāna,howisitwithyou?Areyouenduringyoursuffering?Kacciyāpanīyam?Areyoubearingup?Kaccidukkhāvedanāpatikkamantino,abhikkamanti?Doyourpainfulfeelingdecreaseorincrease?Patikkamosānampaññāyatino,abhikkamo’ti?Aretheresignsofdecreasingandnotincreasing?”

Namebhante,khamanīyamnayāpanīyam“No.VenerableSir,Iamnotenduring,Iamnotbearingup,bālhāmedukkhāvedanā.thepainfulfeelingisverygreat.Abhikkamantino,patikkamantiThere is a sign of pain not decreasingabhikka-mosānampaññāyatino,patikkamo’ti.butincreasing.”

Satti’meMoggallāna,bojjhangā“Moggallāna,thesesevenfactorsofEnlightenmentmayāsammadakkhātā,bhāvitā,bahulīkatāarewellexpoundedbyMe,andarecultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattanti.Theyareconducivetoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Sati-sambojjhangokhoMoggallānaMindfulness,thefactorofEnlightenment.Moggallāna,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Dhamma-vicaya-sambojjhangokhoMoggallānaInvestigationoftheDhamma,thefactorofEnlightenment,Moggallāna,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Viriya-sambojjhangokhoMoggallānaPerseveringeffort,thefactorofEnlightenment,Moggallāna,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Pīti-sambojjhangokhoMoggallānaRapture,thefactorofEnlightenment,Moggallāna,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe.andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Passaddhi-sambojjhangokhoMoggallānaTranquility,thefactorofEnlightenment,Moggallāna,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Samādhi-sambojjhangokhoMoggallānaConcentration,thefactorofEnlightenment,Moggallāna,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Upekkhā-sambojjhangokhoMoggallānaEquanimity,thefactorofEnlightenment,Moggallāna,mayāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpoundedbyMe,andiscultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Imekho,MoggallānasattabojjhangāThesesevenfactorsofEnlightenment,Moggallána,mayāsammadakkhātā,bhāvitā,bahulīkatāarewellexpoundedbyMe,andarecultivatedandfullydevelopedbyMe.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattanti.Theyconducetoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.”

Taggha,Bhagavabojjhangā“Mostassuredly,OBlessedOne,theyarefactorsofEnlightenment.taggha,Sugata,bojjhangā’ti.Mostassuredly,OWelcomeOne(Sugata),theyarefactorsofEnlightenment.”

IdamavocaBhagavāThussaidtheBuddha,attamano,āyasmāMahāMoggallānoandalsotheVenerableMahāMoggallāna,whogladatheart,Bhagavatobhāsitamabhinandi.wasdelightedattheutterancesoftheBuddha.

VutthāhicāyasmāMahāMoggallānotamhāābādhāThereupontheVenerableMahāMoggallānarecoveredfromthataffliction,tathāpahīnocāyasmatoMahāmoggallānassasoābādhoahosīti.andthatafflictionoftheVenerableMahāMoggallānadisappeared.

MAHĀ CUNDA THERA BOJJHANGADiscourseOnFactorsOfEnlightenment

RecitedByMahāCundaThera

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneRājagaheviharatiVeluvaneKalandakanivāpe.wasresidingattheSquirrels’feedinggroundintheBambooGrove,nearRajagaha.TenakhopanasamayenaAtthattime,Bhagavāābādhikohotidukkhitobālhagilāno.Hewasafflictedwithadisease,wassufferingtherefrom,andwasgravelyill.

AthakhoāyasmāMahācundoThentheVenerableMahāCunda,sāyanhasamayam,patisallānāvutthitoarisingfromhissolitudeateventide,yenaBhagavāten’upasankami,upasankamitvāapproachedtheBlessedOne,Bhagavantamabhivādetvā,ekamantamnisīdi.salutedHim,andsatononeside.EkamantamnisinnamkhoāyasmantamMahācundamBhagavāetadavoca:ToVenerableMahāCundathusseated,theBlessedOnesaid:PatibhantutamCundabhojjhangā’ti.“OCunda,letthefactorsofEnlightenmentoccurtoyourmind.”

Sattimebhantebhojjhangā“ThesesevenfactorsofEnlightenment,VenerableSir,Bhagavatāsammadakkhātā,bhāvitā,bahulīkatāarewellexpounded,andarecultivatedandfullydevelopedbytheBlessedOne.abhiññāya,sambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattanti.Theyconducetoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Sati-sambojjhangokho,bhanteMindfulness,thefactorofEnlightenment,VenerableSir,Bhagavatāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpounded,cultivatedandfullydevelopedbytheBlessedOne.abhiññāyasambodhāya,nibbānāya,samvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Dhamma-vicaya-sambojjhangokho,bhanteInvestigationoftheDhamma,thefactorofEnlightenment.VenerableSir,Bhagavatāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpounded,cultivatedandfullydevelopedbytheBlessedOne.abhiññāyasambodhāya,nibbānāya,samvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Viriya-sambojjhangokho,bhantePerseveringeffort,thefactorofEnlightenment,VenerableSir,Bhagavatāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpounded,cultivatedandfullydevelopedbytheBlessedOne.abhiññāyasambodhāya,nibbānāya,samvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Pīti-sambojjhangokho,bhanteRapture,thefactorofEnlightenment,VenerableSir,Bhagavatāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpounded,cultivatedandfullydevelopedbytheBlessedOne.abhiññāyasambodhāya,nibbānāya,samvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Passaddhi-sambojjhangokho,bhanteTranquility,thefactorofEnlightenment,VenerableSir,Bhagavatāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpounded,cultivatedandfullydevelopedbytheBlessedOne.abhiññāyasambodhāya,nibbānāya,samvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Samādhi-sambojjhangokho,bhanteConcentration,thefactorofEnlightenment,VenerableSir,Bhagavatāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpounded,cultivatedandfullydevelopedbytheBlessedOne.abhiññāyasambodhāya,nibbānāya,samvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Upekkhā-sambojjhangokho,bhanteEquanimity,thefactorofEnlightenment,VenerableSir,Bhagavatāsammadakkhāto,bhāvito,bahulīkatoiswellexpounded,cultivatedandfullydevelopedbytheBlessedOne.abhiññāyasambodhāya,nibbānāya,samvattati.Itconducestoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.

Imekho,bhante,sattabojjhangāThesesevenfactorsofEnlightenment,VenerableSir,Bhagavatāsammadakkhātā,bhāvitā,bahulīkatāarewellexpounded,cultivatedandfullydevelopedbytheBlessedOne.abhiññāyasambodhāyanibbānāyasamvattanti’ti.Theyconducetoperfectunderstanding,tofullrealizationandtoNibbana.”

Taggha,Cundabojjhangā“Mostassuredly.Cunda,theyarefactorsofEnlightenment.taggha,Cundabojjhangā’ti.Mostassuredly,Cunda,theyarefactorsofEnlightenment.”

IdamavocāyasmāMahācundoThussaidtheVenerableMahāCunda,SamanuññoSatthāahosi.and the Teacher approved of it.

VutthāhicaBhagavātamhāābādhāThentheBlessedOnerecoveredfromHisaffliction,tathāpahīnocaBhagavatosoābādhoahosīti.andthusdisappearedHisaffliction.

GIRIMĀNANDA SUTTADiscourseToGirimānandaThera

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneSāvatthiyamviharatiJetavaneAnāthapindikassaārāme.wasdwellingatAnathapindika’smonasteryinJeta’sGrove,nearSavatthi.TenakhopanasamayenaNowatthattime,āyasmāGirimānandoābādhikohotitheVenerableGirimānandawasafflictedwithadisease,dukkhitobālhagilāno.wassufferingtherefrom,andwasgravelyill.

AthakhoāyasmāĀnandoThereuponVenerableĀnandayenaBhagavāten’upasankami,upasankamitvāapproachedtheBuddha,Bhagavantamabhivādetvāekamantamnisīdi.andhavingpaidhomagetoHim,satdownononeside.EkamantamnisinnokhoāyasmāĀnandoSittingthus,VenerableĀnandaBhagavantametadavoca:saidtotheBlessedOne:āyasmā,bhanteGirimānando“VenerableSir,VenerableGirimānandaābādhikodukkhitobālhagilāno.isafflictedwithadisease,issufferingtherefrom,andisgravelyill.SādhubhanteBhagavāyenāyasmāGirimānandoItiswell,VenerableSir,iftheBlessedOnewouldvisittheVenerableGirimānandaten’upasankamatu,anukampamupādāyāti.outofcompassionforhim.”

SacekhotvamĀnanda,GirimānandassabhikkhunoThereupontheBuddhasaid:“Shouldyou,Ānanda,visitthemonkGirimānanda,upasankamitvādasasaññābhāseyyāsi.recitetohimthetencontemplations.Thānamkhopan’etamvijjatiyamGirimānandassabhikkhuno.Havingheardthem,thecauseofhisdiseasewillbefound.Dasasaññāsutvāsoābādhothānasopatippassambheyya.Havingheardthem,hisafflictionswillbecalmed.

Katamedasa?Whataretheten?

Anicca-saññā,anatta-saññā,Contemplationofimpermanence.Contemplationofnon-self.asubha-saññā,ādīnava-saññā,Contemplationoffoulness.Contemplationofdisadvantage.pahāna-saññā,virāga-saññā,Contemplationofabandonment.Contemplationofdetachment.nirodha-saññā,sabbalokeanabhirata-saññā,Contemplationofcessation.Contemplationofdetachmentfromthewholeworld.sabba-sankhāresuanicca-saññā,ānāpānasati.Contemplationofimpermanenceofallcomponentthings.Mindfulnessofthein-breathandout-breath.

Katamāc’Ānanda‘anicca-saññā’?Andwhat,Ānanda,iscontemplationofimpermanence?Idh’ĀnandabhikkhūHerein,Ānanda,amonk,araññagatovārukkha-mūlagatovāsuññnā-gāragatovāhavinggonetotheforest,ortothefootofatree,ortoanemptyhouse(asecludedplace),itipatisamcikkhati:contemplatesthus:

Rūpamaniccam,vedanāaniccā,Matterisimpermanent,feelingisimpermanent,saññāaniccā,sankhārāaniccā,perceptionisimpermanent,mentalformationsareimpermanent,viññānamaniccan’ti.consciousnessisimpermanent.Itiimesupañca-supādana-kkhandhesuaniccānupassiviharati.Thusheabidescontemplatingimpermanenceinthesefiveaggregates.Ayamvuccat’Ānanda‘anicca-saññā’.This,Ānanda,iscalledcontemplationofimpermanence.

Katamāc’Ānanda‘anatta-saññā’?Andwhat,Ānanda,iscontemplationofnon-self?Idh’ĀnandabhikkhūHerein,Ānanda,amonk,araññāgatovārukkha-mūlagatovāsuññā-gāragatovāhavinggonetotheforest,ortothefootofatree,ortoanemptyhouse(asecludedplace),itipatisañcikkhati:contemplatesthus:

Cakkhumanattā,rūpamanattā,Theeyeisnotself,sightsarenotself,sotamanattā,saddāanattā,theearisnotself,soundsarenotself,ghānamanattā,gandhāanattā,thenoseisnotself,smellsarenotself,jivhāanattā,rasāanattā,thetongueisnotself,tastesarenotself,kāyoanattā,photthabbāanattā,thebodyisnotself,bodilycontactsarenotself,manoanattā,dhammāanattā’ti,themindisnotself,mentalobjectsarenotself.

Itiimesuchasuajjhattika-bāhiresuāyatanesuanattānupassīviharati.Thusheabidescontemplatingnon-selfinthesesixinternalandexternalsensebases.Ayamvuccat’Ānanda‘anatta-saññā’.This,Ānanda,iscalledcontemplationofnon-self.

Katamāc’Ānanda,‘asubha-saññā’?Andwhat,Ānanda,iscontemplationoffoulness?Idh’ĀnandabhikkhūimamevakāyamuddhamHerein,Ānanda,amonkcontemplatesthisbodyfrompādatalāadhokesamatthakāthesolesofthefeetupwardsandfromthescalpdownwards,taca-pariyantampūramnānāppakārassaasucinopaccavekkhati,enclosedbytheskin,asbeingfullofmanifoldimpurities.Atthiimasmimkāyekesā,Inthisbody,thereareheadhairs,lomā,nakhā,dantā,taco,mamsam,nahāru,atthī,bodyhairs,nails,teeth,skin,flesh,sinews,bones,attimiñjā,vakkam,hadayam,yakanam,kilomakam,bonemarrow,kidneys,heart,liver,pleura,pihakam,papphāsam,antam,antagunam,udariyam,spleen,lungs,intestines,intestinaltract,stomach,karīsam,pittam,semham,pubbo,lohitam,sedo,excrement,bile,phlegm,pus,blood,sweat,medo,assu,vasā,khelo,singhānikā,lasikā,fat,tears,grease,saliva,nasalmucus,synovicfluid(oillubricatingthejoints)muttam,matthakematthalungan’ti.urineandbrain.

Itiimasmimkāyeasubhānupassīviharati.Thusheabidescontemplatingfoulnessinthisbody.Ayamvuccat’Ānanda‘asubha-saññā’.This,Ānanda,iscalledcontemplationoffoulness.

Katamāc’Ānanda‘ādīnava-saññā’?Andwhat,Ānanda,iscontemplationofdisadvantage?Idh’ĀnandabhikkhūHerein,Ānanda,amonkaraññāgatovārukkha-mūlagatovāsuññā-gāragatovāhavinggonetotheforest,ortothefootofatree,ortoanemptyhouse(asecludedplace),itipatisañcikkhati:contemplatesthus:

Bahudukkhokhoayamkāyobahuādīnavo.Manyarethesufferings,manyarethedisadvantagesofthisbody,Itiimasmimkāyevividhāābādhāuppajjanti.since diverse diseases are engendered in it.Seyyathīdam:That is to say:

Cakkhurogo,sotarogo,Eye-disease,ear-disease,ghānarogo,jivhārogo,nose-disease,tongue-disease.kāyarogo,sīsarogo,body-disease,headache,kannarogo,mukharogo,dantarogo,mumps,mouthdisease,toothache.kāso,sāso,pināso,daho,jaro,kucchirogo,cough,asthma,catarrh,heart-burn,fever,stomachailment,mucchā,pakkhandikā,sūlā,visūcikā,fainting,dysentery,swelling,gripes.kuttham,gando,kilāso,soso,apamāro,leprosy,boils,scrofula,consumption,epilepsy,daddu,kandu,kacchu,rakhasā,vitacchikā,ringworm,itch,eruption,tetter,pustule,lohitapittam,madhumeho,plethora,diabetes,amsā,pilakā,bhagandalā,piles,cancer,fistula,pitta-samutthānāābādhā,anddiseasesoriginatingfrombile,semha-samutthānāābādhā,diseasesoriginatingfromphlegm,vāta-samutthānāābādhā,diseasesoriginatingfromwind.sannipātikāābādhā,diseasesoriginatingfromconflictofthehumours(basicfluidsinthebody),utupari-nāmajāābādhā,diseasesoriginatingfromchangesofweather,

visamaparihārajāābādhā,diseasesoriginatingfromadverseconditions(faultydeportment),opakkamikāābādhā,diseasesoriginatingfromdevices(practisedbyothers),kamma-vipākajāābādhā,diseasesoriginatingfromkammavipaka(resultsofkamma);sītam,unham,jigacchāpipāsā,uccāro,passāvo’ti.andcold,heat,hunger,thirst,excrementandurine.

Itiimasmimkāyeādīnavānupassīviharati.Thusheabidescontemplatingdisadvantagesinthisbody.Ayamvuccat’Ānanda‘ādīnava-saññā’.This,Ānanda,iscalledcontemplationofdisadvantage.

Katamāc’Ānanda‘pahāna-saññā’?Andwhat,Ānanda,iscontemplationofabandonment?Idh’ĀnandabhikkhūHerein,Ānanda,amonkuppannamkāmavitakkamnādhivāsetipajahatidoesnottolerateathoughtofsensedesirethathasariseninhim,butabandonsit,vinodetibyantīkarotianabhāvamgameti.dispelsit,makesanendofit,andannihilatesit.Uppannamvyāpāda-vitakkamnādhivāsetipajahatiHedoesnottolerateathoughtofill-willthathasariseninhim,butabandonsit,vinodetibyantīkarotianabhāvamgameti.dispelsit,makesanendofit,andannihilatesit.Uppannamvihimsā-vitakkamnādhivāsetipajahatiHedoesnottolerateathoughtofcrueltythathasariseninhim,butabandonsit,vinodetibyantīkarotianabhāvamgameti.dispelsit,makesanendofit,andannihilatesit.UppannuppannepāpakeakusaledhammeHedoesnottolerateevil,unprofitablementalstatesthatariseinhimfromtimetotimenādhivāsetipajahatibutabandonsthem,vinodetibyantīkarotianabhāvamgameti.dispelsthem,makesanendofthem,andannihilatesthem.Ayamvuccat’Ānanda‘pahāna-saññā’.This,Ānanda,iscalledcontemplationofabandonment.

Katamāc’Ānanda‘virāga-saññā’?Andwhat,Ānanda,iscontemplationofdetachment?Idh’ĀnandabhikkhūHerein,Ānanda,amonkaraññāgatovārukkha-mūlagatovāsuññā-gāragatovāhavinggonetotheforest,ortothefootofatree,ortoanemptyhouse(asecludedplace),itipatisañcikkhati:contemplatesthus:

EtamsantametampanītamThisispeaceful,thisissublime,yadidamsabbasankhārasamathonamelythecalmingofallconditionedthings,sabbū-padhi’patinissaggothatisthegivingupofallsubstratumofbecoming,tanhakkhayovirāgonirodhoNibbānan’ti.thedestructionofcraving,detachment,cessationandNibbana.Ayamvuccat’Ānanda‘virāga-saññā’.This,Ānanda,iscalledcontemplationofdetachment.

Katamāc’Ānanda‘nirodha-saññā’?Andwhat,Ānanda,iscontemplationofcessation?Idh’ĀnandabhikkhūHerein,Ānanda,amonkaraññāgatovārukkha-mūlagatovāsuññā-gāragatovāhavinggonetotheforest,ortothefootofatree,ortoanemptyhouse(asecludedplace),itipatisancikkhati:contemplatesthus:EtamsantametampanītamThisispeaceful,thisissublime,yadidamsabba-sankhāra-samathonamelythecalmingofallconditionedthings,thatissabbū-padhipatinissaggothegivingupofallsubstratumofbecoming,tanhakkhayovirāgonirodhoNibbānan’ti.thedestructionofcraving,detachment,cessationandNibbana.Ayamvuccat’Ānanda‘nirodha-saññā’.This,Ānanda,iscalledcontemplationofcessation.

Katamāc’Ānanda‘sabbalokeanabhirata-saññā’?Andwhat,Ānanda,iscontemplationofdetachmentfromthewholeworld?Idh’ĀnandabhikkhūHerein,Ānanda,amonkyelokeupāy’upādānā-cetasobyabandoninganyconcernandclingingtothisworld,byabandoningmentalprejudices,adhitthānā’bhinivesānusayāwrongviewsandlatenttendenciesconcerningthisworld,tepajahantoviramatinaupādiyanto.bynotgraspingthem,butbygivingthemup,becomesdetached.Ayamvuccat’Ānanda‘sabbalokeanabhirata-saññā’.This,Ānanda,iscalledcontemplationofdetachmentfromthewholeworld.

Katamāc’Ānanda‘sabba-sankhāresuanicca-saññā’?Andwhat,Ānanda,iscontemplationofimpermanenceofallcomponentthings?Idh’ĀnandabhikkhūHerein,Ānanda,amonksabba-sankhārehiattīyatiharāyatijigucchati.iswearied,humiliatedanddisgustedwithallconditionedthings.Ayamvuccat’Ānanda‘sabba-sankhāresuanicca-saññā’.This,Ānanda,iscontemplationofimpermanenceofallcomponentthings.

Katamāc’Ānanda‘ānāpānasati’?Andwhat,Ānanda,ismindfulnessofthein-breathandout-breath?Idh’ĀnandabhikkhūHerein,Ānanda,amonkaraññāgatovārukkha-mūlagatovāsuññā-gāragatovāhavinggonetotheforest,ortothefootofatree,ortoanemptyhouse(asecludedplace)nisīdatipallankamābhujitvāsitsdown,crosslegged,ujumkāyampanidhāyaparimukhamsatimupatthapetvākeepingthebodyerect,havingestablishedmindfulnessbeforehim,sosato’vaassasati,satopassasati.mindfullyhebreathesin,mindfullyhebreathesout.

Dīghamvāassasanto,dīghamassasāmītipajānāti.Breathinginalongbreath,heknowsheisbreathinginalongbreath.Dīghamvāpassasanto,dīghampassasāmītipajānāti.Breathingoutalongbreath,heknowsheisbreathingoutalongbreath.

Rassamvāassasanto,rassamassasāmītipajānāti.Breathinginashortbreath,heknowsheisbreathinginashortbreath.Rassamvāpassasanto,rassampassasāmī’tipajānāti.Breathingoutashortbreath,heknowsheisbreathingoutashortbreath.

Sabba-kāya-patisamvedīassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,consciousofthewholebody.’Sabba-kāya-patisamvedipassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,consciousofthewholebody.’

Passam-bhayamkāya-sankhāramassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,calmingthewholebodilyprocess.’Passam-bhayamkāya-sankhārampassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,calmingthewholebodilyprocess.’

Pīti-patisamvedīassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,experiencingrapture.’Pīti-patisamvedīpassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,experiencingrapture,’

Sukha-patisamvedīassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,experiencingbliss.’Sukha-patisamvedīpassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,experiencingbliss.’

Citta-sankhāra-patisamvedīassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,experiencingthementalformations.’Citta-sankhāra-patisamvedīpassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,experiencingthementalformations.’

Passam-bhayamcitta-sankhāramassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,calmingthementalformations.’Passam-bhayamcitta-sankhārampassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,calmingthementalformations.’

Citta-patisamvedīassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,experiencingthemind.’Citta-patisamvedīpassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,experiencingthemind.’

Abhippa-modayamcittamassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,exceedinglygladdeningthemind.’Abhippa-modayamcittampassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,exceedinglygladdeningthemind.’

Samādahamcittamassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,concentratingthemind.’Samādahamcittampassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,concentratingthemind.’

Vimocayamcittamassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,liberatingthemind.’Vimocayamcittampassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,liberatingthemind.’

Aniccānupassīassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,contemplatingimpermanence.’Aniccānupassīpassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,contemplatingimpermanence.’

Virāgānupassīassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,contemplatingdetachment.’Virāgānupassīpassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,contemplatingdetachment.’

Nirodhānupassīassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein.contemplatingcessation.’Nirodhānupassīpassasissāmī’tisikkhati.Hetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,contemplatingcessation.’

Patinissaggā-nupassīassasissāmī’tisikkhatiHetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreathein,contemplatingabandonment.’Patinissaggā-nupassīpassasissāmī’tisikkhatiHetrainshimself,thinking:‘Iwillbreatheout,contemplatingabandonment.’Ayamvuccat’Ānanda‘ānāpānasati’This,Ānanda,iscalledmindfulnessofthein-breathandout-breath.

SacekhotvamĀnandaGirimānandassabhikkhunoShouldyou,Ānanda,visitthemonkGirimānandaupasankamitvāimādasa-saññābhāseyyāsiandrecitetohimthesetencontemplations,thānamkhopan’etamvijjatiyamGirimānandassabhikkhunothenthemonk,Girimānanda,havingheardthem,imādasa-saññāsutvāsoābādhothānasopatippha-ssambheyyā’ti.hisafflictionwillbeimmediatelycalmed.”

AthakhoāyasmāĀnandoThereuponVenerableĀnanda,Bhagavatosantikeimādasa-saññāuggahetvāhavinglearntthesetencontemplationsfromtheBlessedOne,yenāyasmāGirimānandoten’upasankamivisitedVenerableGirimānanda,upasankamitvāāyasmatoGirimānandassaimādasasaññāabhāsi.andrecitedtohimthesetencontemplations.

AthakhoāyasmatoGirimānandassaWhenVenerableGirimānandahadheardthem,imādasasaññāsutvāsoābhādhothānasopatippassambhi.hisafflictionswereimmediatelycalmed.Vutthāhicā'yasmāGirimānandotamhāābādhāHerecoveredfromthatdisease,tathāpahīnocapanāyasmato,Girimānandassasoābādhoahositi.andthusdisappearedthediseaseoftheVenerableGirimānanda.

ISIGILI SUTTADiscourse At Isigili

In the Isigili Sutta, the Buddha speaks about the Paccekabuddhas (Silent Buddhas)who inhabited the Mount Isigili. The Buddha said that Mount Vebhāra washavingadifferentnamesometimes.Andsowas MountPandava.Similarly,MountVepullaandMount Gilihakūtawerealsoknownbyothernames.ButMount Isigilicontinuedtobeknownbythesamename.There werehundredsofSilentBuddhaswholivedatMount Isigili for a long time. Theywere seen entering themountain,butwerenotseenaftertheyhadentered.Peoplesawthisandremarkedthatthismountain“swallow”(gilati)sages(iti).Hence,itwasknownasIsigili.ThentheBuddhagavealistofnamesofthePaccekabuddhaswhoinhabitedMountIsigili.Finally,theBuddharequestedthemonkstopayhomagetoallthesePaccekabuddhaswhohadattainedNibbana.

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneRājagaheviharatiIsigilismimpabbate.waslivingonIsigilimountainnearRājagaha.TatrakhoBhagavā,bhikkhūāmantesiBhikkhavoti.ThereHeaddressedthemonks,saying:‘OMonks.”BhadantetitebhikkhūBhagavatopaccassosum.“VenerableSir,”repliedthemonksinassenttotheBlessedOne.Bhagavāetadavoca:Thereupon he said:

Passathano,tumhebhikkhave,etamVebhārampabbatamti?“Monks,doyouornotseethatmountainVebhāra?”EvamBhante.“Yes,VenerableSir.”Etassapikhobhikkhave,Vebhārassapabbatassa“ThatVebhārassamountain,monks,aññāvasamaññāahosi,āññāpaññatti.usedtobeanothername,anotherdesignation.”

Passathanotumhebhikkhave,etamPandavampabbatamti?“Monks,doyouornotseethatmountainPandava?”EvamBhante.“Yes,VenerableSir.”

EtassapikhobhikkhavePandavassapabbatassa“ThatPandavassamountain,monks,aññāvasamaññāahosi,āññāpaññatti.usedtobeanothername,anotherdesignation.”

PassathanotumhebhikkhaveetamVepullampabbatamti?“Monks,doyouornotseethatmountainVepulla?”Evambhante.“Yes,VenerableSir.”Etassapikhobhikkhave,Vepullassapabbatassa“ThatVepullassamountain,monks,aññāvasamaññāahosi,āññāpaññatti.usedtobeanothername,anotherdesignation.”

Passathanotumhebhikkhave,etamGijjhakūtampabbatamti?“Monks,doyouornotseethatmountainGijjhakūta-theVulturePeak?”Evambhante.“Yes,VenerableSir.”EtassapikhobhikkhaveGijjhakūtassapabbatassa“ThatGijjhakūtassamountain-theVulturePeak,monks,aññāvasamaññāahosiāññāpaññatti.usedtobeanothername,anotherdesignation.”

Passathanotumhebhikkhave,imamIsigilimpabbatamti?“Monks,doyouornotseethatmountainIsigili-theGulletoftheSeers?”Evambhante.“Yes,VenerableSir.”ImassapikhobhikkhaveIsigilissapabbatassa“ThisIsigilimountain-theGulletoftheSeers,monksesā’vasamaññāahosiesāpaññatti.usedtobethissamename,thisverydesignation.

BhūtapubbambhikkhavepañcaPacceka-Buddha-satāniInformertimes,monks,fivehundredPaccekabuddhasimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsinoahesum.livedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.TeimampabbatampavisantādissantiAstheywereenteringthemountain,theywerevisible,pavitthānadissanti.butoncetheyhadentered,theywerenotvisible.

Tamenammanussādisvāevamāhamsu:Peoplewhosawthis,remarked:Ayampabbato,imeisīgilitīti.“Thismountainswallowsuptheseseers.”‘Isigili’‘Isigili’tvevasamaññāudapādi.Hencethename‘Isigili’cameintobeing.”

Ācikkhissāmibhikkhave,Pacceka-Buddhānamnāmāni.“Ishalltell,monks,thenamesofthePaccekabuddhas.Kittayissāmibhikkhave,Pacceka-Buddhānamnāmāni.Ishallrelatetoyou,monks,thenamesofthePaccekabuddhas.Desissāmibhikkhave,Pacceka-Buddhānamnāmāni.Ishallexpound,monks,thenamesofthePaccekabuddhas.Tamsunātha,sādhukammanasikarothabhāsissāmī’ti.Listen,andbearitwellinmind,Ishallspeak.”

Evambhantetikho,tebhikkhūBhagavatopaccassosum.“Yes,VenerableSir,”repliedthemonks.Bhagavāetadavoca:ThereupontheBlessedOnesaid:

Aritthonāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-Sambuddho“Arittha,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.Uparitthonāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoUparittha,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.Tagarasikhīnāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoTagarasikhī,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.Yasassīnāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoYasassī,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.Sudassanonāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoSudassana,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.Piyadassīnāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoPiyadassī,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.Gandhāronāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoGandhāra,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.Pindolonāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoPindola,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.

Upāsabhonāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoUpāsabha,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.Nīthonāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoNītha,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.Tathonāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoTatha,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsiahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.Sutavānāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoSutavā,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosi.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.Bhāvitattonāmabhikkhave,Pacceka-SambuddhoBhāvitatta,monks,wasaPaccekabuddhaimasmimIsigilismimpabbateciranivāsīahosī’ti.wholivedforalongtimeonthisIsigilimountain.

1. Yesattasārāanīghānirāsā Thesesupremebeingsdesireless,ridofsuffering, Pacceka-meva’jjhagamumsubodhim. whoeachhasattainedEnlightenmentbyhimself. Tesamvisallānamnaruttamānam Hearmerelatethenamesofthese,thegreatestofmen, Nāmānimekittayatosunātha. whohavepluckedoutthedart(ofpain).

2. AritthoUparitthoTagarasikhī Arittha,Uparittha,Tagarasikhī, YasassīSudassanoPiyadassīcaBuddho. Yasassī,Sudassana,Piyadassī,theEnlightened. GandhāroPindoloUpāsabhoca Gandhāra,Pindola,Upāsabhaaswell, NīthoTathoSutavāBhāvitatto. Nītha,Tatha,Sutavā,Bhāvitatta.

3. SumbhoSubhoMethuloAtthamoca Sumbha,Subha,MethulaandAtthama, AthassuMeghoAnīghoSudātho thenAssumegha,Anīgha,Sudātha, Pacceka-Buddhābhavanetti-khīnā. arePaccekabuddhaswhosedesireforbecomingisdestroyed. HingūcaHingocamahānubhāvā. HingūandHingaofgreatpower,aswell.

4. DveJālinomuninoAtthakoca. ThetwosagesnamedJaliandAtthaka. AthaKosaloBuddhoathoSubāhu ThenKosala,theEnlightenedOne,thenSubāhu, UpanemisoNemisoSantacitto UpanemiandNemi,Santacitta, SaccoTathoVirajoPanditoca. rightandtrue,immaculateandwise.

5. KālūpakālāVijitojitoca Kāla,Upakālā,VijitaandJita, AngocaPangocaGutijjitoca. Anga,andPanga,andGutijjitatoo. Passījahīupadhimdukkhamūlam. Passīeradicatedattachment,therootofsuffering. Aparājitomārabalamajesi. Aparājita,conqueredMāra’spower.

6. SatthāPavattāSarabhangoLomahamso Satthā,Pavattā,Sarabhanga,Lomahamsā, UccangamāyoAsitoAnāsavo. Uccangamāya,Asita,Anāsava. ManomayoMānacc’hidocaBandhumā ManomayaandBandhumā,freefromconceit, Tadādhimutto,VimalocaKetumā. Tadādhimutta,VimalaandKetumā,stainlessandresplendent.

7. KetumbarāgocaMātangoAriyo. KetumbarāgaandMātanga,Ariya. Ath’AccutoAccutagāma-byāmako. ThenAccutaandAccutagāmabyāmaka. Sumangalo Dabbilo Suppatitthito Sumangala,Dabbila,Suppatitthita, AsayhoKhemābhiratocaSorato. Asayha,KhemābhirataandSorata.

8. DūrannayoSanghoatho’piUccayo Dūrannaya,SanghaandthenUccaya AparomunīSayhoanomanikkamo. anothersageSayhaofnobleendeavour. ĀnandaNandoUpanandodvādasa Andtwelvebetween–Ānandas,Nandas,Upanandas Bhāradvājoantima-deha-dhāri. andBhāradvājabearinghislastbody.

9. BodhīMahānāmoatho’piUttaro ThenBodhī,Mahānāmathesupreme, KesīSikhīSundaroBhāradvājo. Bhāradvājawithfair-crestedmane. Tissūpatissābhava-bandhana-cchidā Tissa,Upatissā,freefromthebondsofbecoming, UpasīdarītanhacchidocaSīdarī. UpasīdarīandSīdarī,freefromcraving.

10. BuddhoahūMangalovītarāgo EnlightenedwasMangala,freefromlust, Usabha’cchidājālinīdukkhamūlam. Usabhawhocutawaytheensnaringrootofsuffering. Santampadamajjhaga-mūpanīto UpanītawhoattainedstateofCalm(Nibbana), UposathoSundaroSaccanāmo. Uposatha,SundaraandSaccanāma.

11. JetoJayantoPadumoUppaloca Jeta,Jayanta,PadumaandUppala, PadumuttaroRakkhitoPabbatoca. Padumuttara,RakkhitaandPabbata. MānatthaddhoSobhitoVitarāgo Mānatthaddha,Sobhita,Vitarāga, KanhocaBuddhosuvimutta-citto. andKanha,Enlightenedwithmindreleased.

EtecaaññecamahānubhāvāTheseandalsoothergreatandmightyPacceka-Buddhābhavanetti-khīnā.Paccekabuddhaswhosedesireforbecomingisdestroyed.TesabbasangātigatemahesīHonourthesegreatsagesofimmeasurablevirtuesParinibbutevandathaappameyye’ti.whohavegonebeyondallattachmentandattainedfinalNibbana.”

DHAMMACAKKAPPAVATTANA SUTTASetting In Motion The Wheel Of Truth

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOne,BārānasiyamviharatiIsipataneMigadāye.waslivingintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasi(Varanasi).Tatrakho,Bhagavā,pañcavaggiyebhikkhūāmantesi:Thenheaddressedthegroupoffivemonkssaying:

Dvemebhikkhaveantāpabbajitenanasevitabbā.“Monks,thesetwoextremesoughtnottobepractisedbyonewholeftthehouseholdlife.Yocāyamkāmesukāma-sukhallikā-nuyogoThereisaddictiontoindulgenceofsensepleasures,hīno,gammo,pothujjaniko,anariyo,anattha-samhito.whichislow,coarse,thewayoftheordinarypeople,unworthyandunprofitable.Yocāyamatta-kilamathā-nuyogoThereisaddictiontoselfmortification,dukkho,anariyo,anattha-samhito.whichispainful,unworthyandunprofitable.Etete,bhikkhave,ubhoanteanupagammaOmonks,avoidingboththesetwoextremes,majjhimāpatipadāTathāgatenaabhisambuddhā;theTathagatahasrealisedtheMiddlePath;cakkhukaranī,ñānakaranīupasamāya,itgivesvision,givesknowledgeandleadstocalm,abhiññāyaSambodhāya,Nibbānāyasamvattati.toinsight,toEnlightenmentandtoNibbana.

Katamācasābhikkhave,Andwhat,monks,majjhimāpatipadāTathāgatenaabhisambuddhāisthatMiddlePathrealisedbytheTathagatacakkhukaranī,ñānakaranīupasamāya,whichgivesvision,givesknowledgeandleadstocalm,abhiññāyaSambodhāyaNibbānāyasamvattati?toinsight,toEnlightenmentandtoNibbana?

AyamevaariyoatthangikomaggoItistheNobleEightfoldPathandnothingelse,seyyathīdam:that is to say:

SammāDitthi,SammāSankappo,RightUnderstanding,RightThought,SammāVācā,SammāKammanto,SammāĀjīvo,RightSpeech,RightAction,RightLivelihood,SammāVāyāmo,SammāSati,SammāSamādhi.RightEffort,RightMindfulnessandRightConcentration.

AyamkhosābhikkhaveThis,monks,majjhimāpatipadāTathāgatenaabhisambuddhā;istheMiddlePathrealisedbytheTathagata;cakkhukaranī,ñānakaranīupasamāya,whichgivesvision,givesknowledgeandleadstocalm,abhiññāyaSambodhāyaNibbānāyasamvattati.toinsight,toEnlightenmentandtoNibbana.

Idamkhopanabhikkhave,dukkhamariyasaccam:TheNobleTruthofSuffering,monks,isthis:Jāti’pidukkhā,jarāpidukkhāBirthissuffering,ageingissuffering,vyādhi’pidukkho,maranam’pidukkhamdiseaseissuffering,deathissuffering,appiyehisampayogodukkhoassociationwiththeunpleasantissuffering,piyehivippayogodukkhoseparationfromthebelovedissuffering,yam’pi’cchamnaIabhatitam’pidukkhamnottoobtainwhatonedesiresissuffering,sankhittenapañcū-pādāna-kkhandhādukkhā.inbriefthefiveaggregatesofgraspingaresuffering.

Idamkhopanabhikkhave,dukkha-samudayamariyasaccam:TheNobleTruthoftheCauseofSuffering,monks,isthis:Yāyamtanhāponobhavikānandirāga-sahagatāItisthatcravingwhichgivesrisetorebirth,boundupwithpleasureandlustandtatra-tatrā-bhinandinī,seyyathīdam,findingfreshdelightnowhere,andnowthere,thatistosay,kāma-tanhā,bhava-tanhā,vibhava-tanhā.cravingforsensepleasures,cravingforexistence,cravingfornon-existence.

Idamkhopanabhikkhave,dukkha-nirodhamariyasaccam:TheNobleTruthoftheCessationofSuffering,monks,isthis:Yotassāy’evatanhāyaItisthecompleteextinctionofthatcraving,asesa-virāga-nirodhacāgo,patinissaggo,muttianālayo.givingitup,relinquishingit,liberatingoneselffromitanddetachingoneselffromit.

IdamkhopanabhikkhaveThisis,monks,dukkha-nirodha-gāmini-patipadāariyasaccam.theNobleTruthofthePathleadingtotheCessationofSuffering.Ayam’evaariyoatthangikomaggo,seyyathīdam:ItistheNobleEightfoldPath,thatistosay:

SammāDitthi,SammāSankappo,RightUnderstanding,RightThought,SammāVācā,SammāKammanto,SammāĀjīvo,RightSpeech,RightAction,RightLivelihood,SammāVāyāmo,SammāSati,SammāSamādhi.RightEffort,RightMindfulnessandRightConcentration.

Idamdukkhamariyasaccan’timebhikkhaveThisSuffering,isaNobleTruth.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñāmamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

Tamkhopan’idamdukkhamariyasaccamThisSuffering,isaNobleTruth,pariññeyyan’timebhikkhave,shouldbefullyperceived.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñānamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

Tamkhopan’idamdukkhamariyasaccamThisSuffering,isaNobleTruth,pariññātan’timebhikkhave,hasbeenfullyperceived.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñānamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

Idamdukkha-samudayamariyasaccan’timebhikkhaveThisCauseofSufferingisaNobleTruth.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñānamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

Tamkhopan’idamdukkha-samudayamariyasaccamThisCauseofSuffering,isaNobleTruth,pahātabban’timebhikkhave,shouldbeeradicated.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñānamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

Tamkhopan’idamdukkha-samudayamariyasaccamThisCauseofSuffering,isaNobleTruth,pahīnan’timebhikkhave,hasbeeneradicated.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñānamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

Idamdukkha-nirodhamariyasaccan’timebhikkhaveThisCessationofSuffering,isaNobleTruth.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñānamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

Tamkhopan’idamdukkha-nirodhamariyasaccamThisCessationofSuffering,isaNobleTruth,sacchikātabban’timebhikkhaveshouldberealized.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñānamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

Tamkhopan’idamdukkha-nirodhamariyasaccamThisCessationofSuffering,isaNobleTruth,sacchikatan’timebhikkhave,hasbeenrealized.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñānamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

Idamdukkha-nirodha-gāminī-patipadāariyasaccan’timebhikkhave,ThisPathleadingtotheCessationofSuffering,isaNobleTruth.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñānamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

Tamkhopan’idamdukkha-nirodha-gāminī-patipadāariyasaccamThisPathleadingtotheCessationofSuffering,isaNobleTruth,bhāvetabban’timebhikkhave,shouldbedeveloped.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñānamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

Tamkhopan’idamdukkha-nirodha-gāminī-patipadāariyasaccamThisPathleadingtotheCessationofsuffering,isaNobleTruth,bhāvitan’timebhikkhave,hasbeendeveloped.Therearoseinme,monks,pubbe ananussutesu dhammesuconcerningthingsnotheardbefore,cakkhumudapādi,ñānamudapādisuchwasthevision,theknowledge,paññāudapādi,vijjāudapādi,ālokoudapādi.thewisdom,thescienceandthelight.

YāvakīvañcamebhikkhaveimesucatusuariyasaccesuAslongasmyknowledge,monks,concerningtherealnatureoftheFourNobleTruths,evamtiparivattamdvādasākāramwasnotperfectlyclearinthesethreeaspects,inthesetwelveways,yathābhūtam-ñāna-dassanamnasuvisuddhamahosiIdidnotclaimtohaverealized,n’evatāvāhambhikkhaveinthisworld,monks,sadevakeloke,samārakesabrahmakewithitsgods,withitsMarasandBrahmas,sassamanabrāhmaniyāpajāya,sadevamanussāyainthisgenerationwithitsrecluses,Brahmanas,Devasandhumans,anuttaramSammāsambodhimabhisambuddhopaccaññāsim.thematchless,supremeEnlightenment.

YatocakhomebhikkhaveimesucatusuariyasaccesuButwhenmyknowledge,monks,concerningtherealnatureoftheFourNobleTruths,evamtiparivattamdvādasākāramwasperfectlyclearinthesethreeaspects,inthesetwelveways,yathābhūtam-ñāna-dassanamsuvisuddhamahosithenIclaimtohaverealized,athāhambhikkhaveinthisworld,monks,sadevakelokesamārakesabrahmakewithitsgods,withitsMarasandBrahmas,sassamana-brāhmaniyāpajāyasadevamanussāyainthisgenerationwithitsrecluses,Brahmanas,Devasandhumans,anuttaramSammāsambodhimabhisambuddhopaccaññāsim.thematchless,supremeEnlightenment.

Ñānañcapanamedassanamudapādi:Andavisionofinsightaroseinmethus:Akuppāmecetovimutti.Ayamantimājāti.‘Unshakableisthedeliveranceofmyheart.Thisisthelastbirth.Natthi’dānipunabbhavo’ti.Nowthereisnomorerebirth’.”

IdamavocaBhagavā.ThustheBlessedOnesaid.AttamanāpañcavaggiyābhikkhūThegroupoffivemonkswasglad,Bhagavatobhāsitamabhinandun’ti.andtheyrejoicedatthewordsoftheBlessedOne.

Imasmiñcapanaveyyā-karanasmimbhaññamāneWhenthisdiscoursewasthusexpounded,āyasmatoKondaññassatherearoseintheVenerableKondañña,virajam,vītamalam,dhammacakkhumudapādithepassionfree,stainlessvisionofTruththatYamkiñcisamudaya-dhammamsabbamtamnirodhadhamman’ti.whatever has the nature of arising has the nature of ceasing.

PavattitecapanaBhagavatāDhammacakkeNowwhentheBlessedOnesetinmotiontheWheelofTruth,Bhummādevāsadda-manussāvesum.theBhummātthadevas(theearthdeities)proclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

BhummānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheBhummātthadevas,Cātumma-hārājikādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheCātummahārājikādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

Cātumma-hārājikānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheCātummahārājikādevas,Tāvatimsādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheTāvatimsādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

TāvatimsānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheTāvatimsādevas,Yāmādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheYāmādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

YāmānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheYāmādevas,Tusitādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheTusitādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

TusitānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheTusitādevas,Nimmāna-ratīdevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheNimmānaratīdevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

Nimmāna-ratīnamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheNimmānaratīdevas,Para-nimmita-vasavattinodevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheParanimmitavasavattidevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

Para-nimmita-vasavattīnamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheParanimmitavasavatadevas,BrahmaPārisajjādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheBrahmasofBrahmaPārisajjāproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

Brahma-pārisajjānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheBrahmasofBrahmaPārisajjā,Brahma-purohitādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheBrahmasofBrahmaPurohitāproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

Brahma-purohitānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheBrahmasofBrahmaPurohitā,Mahābrahmādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheMahāBrahmāsproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

MahābrahmānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheMahāBrahmās,Parittābhādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheParittābhādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

ParittābhānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheParittābhādevas,Appamānābhādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheAppamānābhādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

Appamānā-bhānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheAppamānābhādevas,Ābhassarādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheĀbhassarādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

ĀbhassarānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheĀbhassarādevas,Parittasubhādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheParittasubhādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

Paritta-subhānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheParittasubhādevas,Appamāna-subhādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheAppamānasubhādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

Appamāna-subhānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheAppamānasubhādevas,Subhakin-hakādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheSubhakinhakādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

Subhakin-hakānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheSubhakinhakādevas,Vehapphalādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheVehapphaladevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

Vehappha-IānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheVehapphalādevas,Avihādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheAvihadevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

AvihānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheAvihādevas,Atappādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheAtappādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

AtappānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheAtappadevas,Sudassādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheSudassādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

SudassānamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheSudassādevas,Sudassīdevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheSudassīdevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

SudassīnamdevānamsaddamsutvāHearingthesewordsoftheSudassīdevas,Akanitthakādevāsadda-manussāvesum.alltheAkanitthakādevasproclaimed:“Sādhu!Sādhu!Sādhu!EtamBhagavatāBārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyeTheBlessedOneintheDeerParkatIsipatananearBaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamhassetinmotiontheMatchlessWheelofTruththatcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavā,brāhmanenavā,devenavā,mārenavā,byanyrecluse,Brahmana,Deva,Mara,brahmunāvā,kenacivālokasmin’ti.Brahma,oranyoneintheworld.”

Itiha tena khanena tena muhuttenaThusatthatverymoment,atthatinstant,yāvabrahmalokāsaddoabbhuggañchi.thecry(thattheWheelofTruthissetinmotion)spreadasfarastheBrahmarealm.AyañcadasasahassīlokadhātuThesystemoftenthousandworldssankampisampakampisampavedhi.trembled,quakedandshook.AppamānocaulāroobhāsolokepāturahosiAboundlesssublimeradiancesurpassingatikkammadevānamdevānubhāvan’ti.thedivinepowerofdevasappearedintheworld.

AthakhoBhagavāudānamudānesi:ThentheBlessedOneutteredthispaeanofjoy:AññāsivatabhoKondañño“VerilyKondaññahasrealized;AññāsivatabhoKondañño’ti.VerilyKondaññahasrealized(theFourNobleTruths).”

Itihi’damāyasmatoKondaññassaThustheVenerableKondaññareceivedthenameAññāKondaññotvevanāmamahosī’ti.AnnaKondañña-Kondaññawhorealizes.

MAHĀ SAMAYA SUTTAThe Mighty Assembly

TheBuddhawas living in theSakyancountryinthegreatforestatKapilavatthu.Hewaswithfive hundred Arahants. The deities from theten world-systems came to see the Buddhaand the Arahants. Then four of the Brahmasfrom the abodes of the pure ones, thoughtthat they should also come to this assemblyandspeakinstanzas.OneofthemspokeinastanzatotheBuddhaandtheotherthreealsospoke in stanzas. The Buddha addressed the

monksandsaidthatevenbeforethateventsuchanassemblyofdeitieshadgatheredtoseetheformerBuddhasinsuchasituation.Inthefuturealso,thesamewillhappen.He said that He wouldmention the names of those deities assembled there. Themonksassented.

ThenHespoketothemonksandinformedthatthedeitieshadcome.Accordingtothepsychicpowersofthemonks,somesawahundrednon-humans,someathousand,someahundredthousand,andsomesawinnumerablenon-humans.ThentheBuddhasaidthatsomanyyakkhas(non-humans)fromsuchandsuchplaceshadcome.Next,Hementionedthenamesofthegreatnon-humanswhocamethere.TheNagas,too,came;thesupannas(enemiesofthenagas)alsocameandbothgroupstookrefugeintheBuddhaasfriends.Thencametheasuras(whosenamesweredeclared);thencamethevariousdeities(whosenames,too,weredeclared).

Whenallthenon-humansassembledtogetherwiththebrahmas,theforcesofMara(theEvilOne)came.TheBuddhasaid,“LookatthefollyofMara!”Maratoldhisforcestobindthemultitudewithlust.Havingsenthisforces,hehittheearthwithhispalmmakinga fearfulnoise.WhenMaramademuchdisturbances, theBuddha told themonksthattheforcesofMarahadcomeandthemonksbecamezealous.Maraandhisforceswereunsuccessfuleventoshakeahairoftheirbodies.Victorious,transcendingfear,theyhavewon.ThedisciplesoftheBuddharejoicedwithalltheworlds!

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOne,sakkesuviharatiKapilavatthusmimmahāvanewaslivingintheMahavana(thegreatforest)inKapilavatthu,capitaloftheSakyankingdom,mahatābhikkhu-sanghenasaddhimtogetherwithagreatretinueofmonks,pañca-mattehibhikkhusatehi,sabbeh’evaarahantehi.fivehundredinnumberandallofthemArahants.

DasahicalokadhātūhidevatāDeitiesfromthetenworld-systemsyebhuyyenasannipatitāhontifrequentlyassembledthereBhagavantamdassanāyabhikkhu-sanghañca.toseetheBlessedOneandthevenerablemonks.

Athakhocatunnamsuddhāvāsa-kāyikānamdevānametadahosi:ThentothefourdeitiesoftheSuddhāvāsa(PureAbodes),thisthoughtoccurred:AyamkhoBhagavā“TheBlessedOnesakkesuviharatiKapilavatthusmimmahāvaneislivingintheMahavana(thegreatforest)inKapilavatthu,capitaloftheSakyankingdom,mahatābhikkhu-sanghenasaddhimtogetherwithagreatretinueofmonks,pañca-mattehi bhikkhu-satehifivehundredinnumbersabbeh’evaarahantehi.andallofthemArahants.Dasahicalokadhātūhidevatā,yebhuyyenasannipatitāhontiDeitiesfromthetenworld-systemsfrequentlyassembledthereBhagavantamdassanāyabhikkhu-sanghañca.toseetheBlessedOneandthevenerablemonks.Yannūnamayam’piyenaBhagavāten’upasanka-meyyāmaItiswellifwealsoapproachtheBlessedOnewhereHelives,upasankamitvāBhagavatosantikepaccekagāthambhāseyyāmā’ti.andhavingapproachedtheBuddha,eachofusreciteastanzainHispresence.”

AthakhotādevatāThenthosedeities,seyyathāpināmabalavāpurisoasquicklyasastrongmansammiñjitamvābāhampasāreyyamightstretchouthisarm,pasāritamvābāhamsammiñjeyyaorbendhisout-stretchedarm,evamevamsuddhāvāsesudevesuantarahitāvanishedfromthepureabodes,Bhagavatopuratopāturahamsu.andappearedbeforetheBlessedOne.

AthakhotādevatāBhagavantamabhivādetvāekamantamatthamsu.HavingboweddowntoHim,stoodononeside.EkamantamthitākhoekādevatāStandingthus,oneofthedeitiesBhagavatosantikeimamgāthamabhāsi:recited this stanza in His presence:

i. Mahāsamayopavanasmim “Thereisagreatassemblyintheforest. devakāyāsamāgatā Ahostofdeitieshasassembled. āgatamhaimamdhamma-samayam WetoohavecometothisassemblyoftheDhamma dakkhitāyeaparājita-sanghan’ti. towitnesstheinvincibleSangha.”

Athakho,aparādevatā,Bhagavatosantikeimamgāthamabhāsi:ThenanotherdeityrecitedthisstanzainthepresenceoftheBlessedOne:

ii. Tatrabhikkhavosamādahamsu “InthisDhammaassembly,monkshaveattainedconcentration cittamattanoujuka-makamsu byestablishingtheirmindupright. sārathīvanettānigahetvā Justasacharioterwhoholdsthereins, indriyānirakkhantipanditā’ti. thewisemonksguardtheirsenseswell.”

Athakho,aparādevatāBhagavatosantikeimamgāthamabhāsi:ThenanotherdeityrecitedthisstanzainthepresenceoftheBlessedOne:

iii. Chetvākhīlamchetvāpaligham “Havingcutoffthestake,havingdugupthecrossbarofgreed, indakhīlamūhacca-manejā hatredanddelusion,devoidofdesire, tecarantisuddhāvimalācakkhumatā pure,stainless,endowedwiththewisdomeye sudantāsusunāgā’ti. andwelltamedaretheseyoungNobleOneswhopractisetheDhamma.”

Athakho,aparādevatāBhagavatosantikeimamgāthamabhāsi:ThenanotherdeityrecitedthisstanzainthepresenceoftheBlessedOne:

iv. YekeciBuddhamsaranamgatāse “OnewhotakesrefugeintheBuddha nategamissantiapāyam shallnotgotothewoefulstateofhell. pahāyamānusamdeham Havinggivenupthehumanbody, devakāyamparipūressantī’ti. theyfilltheranksofthehostofdeities.”

AthakhoBhagavābhikkhūāmantesi:TheBlessedOnethenaddressedthemonks:yebhuyyenabhikkhavedasasuloka-dhātusu“Monks,ithasoftenhappenedthatthedeitiesfromthetenworld-systemsdevatāsannipatitāTathāgatamdassanāyabhikkhu-sanghañca.assembletoseetheBuddhaandHisorderofmonks,thecommunityofSangha.Ye’pitebhikkhave,ahesumatītamaddhānamarahanto,SammāSambuddhāSoithasbeenwiththeconsummate(arahant)SupremeBuddhasofthepast,tesam’piBhagavantānameta-paramāyevadevatāsannipatitāahesumthedeitiesofthetenworld-systemsappeartogetherbeforetheBuddhas,seyyathāpimayhametarahi.astheydoassemblenowbeforeMe.

Ye’pitebhikkhavebhavissantianāgata-maddhānamarahantoSammāSambuddhāSoitwillbewiththeconsummate(arahant)SupremeBuddhasofthefuture,tesam’piBhagavantānameta-paramāyevadevatāsannipatitābhavissantithedeitiesofthetenworld-systemsappeartogetherbeforetheBuddhas,seyyathāpimayhametarahi.astheydoassemblenowbeforeMe.

Ācikkhissāmibhikkhavedevakāyānamnāmāni.Iwilltellyou,monks,thenamesofthehostofdeities.Kittayissāmibhikkhavedevakāyānamnāmāni.Iwillintroducetoyou,monks,thenamesofthehostofdeities.Desissāmibhikkhavedevakāyānamnāmāni.Iwillexpoundtoyou,monks,thenamesofthehostofdeities.

Tamsunātha,sādhukammanasikarothabhāsissāmī’ti.Listenandbearitwellinmind,Ishallspeak.”EvamBhantetikhotebhikkhūBhagavatopaccassosum.“Yes,VenerableSir,”saidthemonksbywayofassent.Bhagavāetadavoca:TheBlessedOnespokethus:

1. Silokamanukassāmi—Yathabhummātadassitā “Ishalltellyoutheninversetowhichrealmeachbelongs. Theterrestrialbeingsoftheearthwhoassociatedmountains Yesitāgiri-gabbhāram—Pahitattāsamāhitā. andcaves,(they)ofresolutewill,composed.

2. Puthusīhā’vasallīnā—Lomaham-sābhisambhuno Cloisteredlikesolitarylions,overcominghair-raisingfearanddread, Odātamanasāsuddhā—Vippasanna-manāvilā. withimmaculateminds,pure,sereneandundefiled.”

3. Bhiyyopañcasateñatvā—VaneKāpilavathave Knowingthatthereweremorethanfivehundred(arahants) andmoredisciplesintheKapilavatthuforest, Tatoāmantayīsatthā—Sāvakesāsanerate: delightedinthewordsoftheBuddha,theBlessedOnethereupon addressedthem:

4. Devakāyāabhikkantā—Tevijānāthabhikkhavo. “Monks,hostsofdeitieshaveassembled.Doknowthemwell.” Tecaātappa-makarum—SutvāBuddhassasāsanam. HavingheardthewordsoftheBuddha,themonksstroveardently toknowthemwell.

5. Tesampāturahūñānam—Amanussāna-dassanam. Therearoseinthemtheknowledgeofperceivingthenon-humans. App’ekesatama-ddakkhum—Sahassamathasattatim. Somemonkssawonehundred,someofthemsawthousand, andothers,seventythousandnon-humans.

6. Satamekesahassānam—Amanussāna-maddhasum Somesawonehundredthousandnon-humans, Appeke’nanta-maddakkhum—Disāsabbāphutāahū. otherssawcountlessnumbersfillingupeveryquarter.

7. Tañcasabbamabhiññāyā—Vavakkhitvānacakkhumā ThereupontheBuddha,knowingallthingsthroughHisSuperKnowledge, Tatoāmantayīsatthā—Sāvakesāsanerate: addressedthediscipleswhoweredelightedintheTeachingsoftheBuddha:

8. Devakāyāabhikkantā—Tevijānāthabhikkhavo “Monks,ahostofdeitieshaveassembled. Yevo’hamkittayissāmi—Girāhianupubbaso. Iwillintroducethemtoyouinwords,andindueorder.Knowthem.

9. Sattasa-hassāYakkha—BhummāKāpilavathavā SeventhousandterrestrialYakkhasofKapilavatthu, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colour,gloryandfollowedbya retinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoattendtheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

10. ChasahassāHemavatā—Yakkhanānattavannino SixthousandYakkhasfromtheHimalayanmountain,diverseinhue, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoattendtheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

11. Sātāgirātisahassā—Yakkhanānattavannino ThreethousandYakkhasfromtheSātāgirimountain,diverseinhue, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoattendtheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

12. Iccetesolasa-sahassā—Yakkhanānattavannino ThussixteenthousandYakkhas,diverseinhue, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoattendtheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

13. Vessāmittāpañcasatā—Yakkhānānattavannino FivehundredYakkhasfromtheVessāmittāmountain,diverseinhue, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoattendtheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

14. KumbhīroRājagahiko—Vepullassanivesanam AYakkhabythenameofKumbhīra,dwellingonVepullamountaininthe cityofRajagaha, Bhiyyonamsata-sahassam—Yakkhānampayirupāsati togetherwithmorethanahundredthousandYakkhashonouringhim, KumbhīroRājagahiko—So’pāgasamitimvanam. hasalsocometotheforesttoattendtheassemblyofmonks.

15. Purimañcadisamrājā—Dhataratthotampasāsati TheEasterndirection,KingDhatarattharulesthat, Gandhabbānamādhipati—Mahārājāyasassiso andLordoftheGandhabbās(heavenlymusicians),gloriousking Puttāpitassabahavo—Indanāmāmahabbalā andwithhismanymightysons,allbythenameofInda, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. hascomerejoicingtoattendtheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

16. Dakkhinañcadisamrājā—Virūlhotampasāsati TheSoutherndirection,KingVirūlharulesthat, Kumbhandānamādhipati—Mahārājāyasassiso andLordoftheKumbhandās,gloriousking Puttāpitassabahavo—Indanāmāmahabbalā andwithhismanymightysons,allbythenameofInda, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. hascomerejoicingtoattendtheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

17. Pacchimañcadisamrājā—Virūpakkhotampasāsati TheWesterndirection,KingVirūpakkharulesthat, Nāgānamādhipati—Mahārājāyasassiso andLordoftheNāgās,gloriousking Puttāpitassabahavo—Indanāmāmahabbalā andwithhismanymightysons,allbythenameofInda, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. hascomerejoicingtoattendtheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

18. Uttarañcadisamrājā—Kuverotampasāsati TheNortherndirection,KingKuvera,kingoftheNorth, Yakkhanamādhipati—Mahārājāyasassiso andLordoftheYakkhas,gloriousking, Puttāpitassabahavo—Indanāmāmahabbalā andwithhismanymightysons,allbythenameofInda, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. hascomerejoicingtoattendtheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

19. PurimamdisamDhatarattho—DakkhinenaVirūlhako DhataratthafromtheEastdirection,VirūlhakafromtheSouthdirection, PacchimenaVirūpakkho—Kuverouttaramdisam VirūpakkhafromtheWestdirection,KuverafromtheNorthdirection, Cattārotemahārājā—Samantācaturodisā thesefourgreatkingsstoodilluminating Daddallamānāatthamsu—VaneKāpilavathave. theentirefourquartersoftheforestinthevicinityofKapilavatthu.

20. Tesammāyāvinodāsā—Āguvañcanikāsathā Withthemcametheirdeceitful,cheatingandcraftyattendants MāyāKutenduVetendu—Vitucca-VitudoSahā. togetherwithKutendu,Vetendu,VituccaandVituda. CandanoKāmasetthoca—KinnughanduNighanduca AndalsoCandana,Kāmasettha,KinnughanduandNighandu, PanādoOpamaññoca—DevasūtocaMātalī. Panāda,OpamaññaandMātālī,sonofthedeities.

21. CittasenocaGandhabbo—NalorājāJanesabho Cittasena,theGandhabbas(heavenlymusician),KingNala,thedeityJanesabha, ĀguPañcasikhoc’eva—TimbarūSuriyavaccasā. Pañcasikha,thedeityTimbarū,andSuriyavaccasā(Timbarū’sdaughter) alsocame. Etec’aññecarājāno—Gandhabbāsaharājubhī AlongwiththeseGandhabbākings,otherGandhabbākingstoo, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoattendtheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

22. AthāguNābhasāNāgā—VesāIāsahaTacchakā. ThencamethedivineNāgāsofthelakeNābhasā, NāgāsfromVisalitogetherwiththeNāgāsnamedTacchakā. Kambala’ssatarāāgu—Pāyāgāsahañātibhi. AlsocameNāgāsinKambalaAssatarāclanandNagasfromPāyāgāValley accompaniedbytheirrelatives. YāmunāDhataratthāca—Āgunāgāyasassino. NāgāsfromlakeYāmunāandthoseoftheraceofDhataratthācamewith their retinue of attendants. Erāvanomahānāgo—Sop’āgasamitimvanam. Erāvana,thegreatNāgātoo,cametotheforesttoseetheassemblyofmonks.

23. Yenāgarājesahasāharanti Thosefiercegarudabirds(harpies,garulaorsupanna)whocarryaway theNāgāsbyforce, dibbādijāpakkhīvisuddhacakkhū endowedwithdivinepower,andtwiceborn,withcleareyes(keenofsight), vehāsayātevanamajjhapattā. haveflownintothemiddleoftheforestfromthesky. CitrāSupannāititesamnāmāni. CitrāandSupannāaretheirnames. Abhayamtadānāga-rājānamāsi AtthattimetheNāgākingwithotherNāgāswerefreefromfear Supannatokhema-makāsiBuddho. becausetheBuddhahadimposedatruceandthustheNāgāswere protectedfromtheharpies(supanna). Sanhāhivācāhiupavhayantā TheBuddhaaddressedtheNāgāsandSupannāswithgentlewords, NāgāSupannāsaranam-agamsuBuddham. and they took refuge in the Buddha.

24. JitāVajirahatthena—SamuddamAsurāsitā. TheAsurās(demons)dwellingintheoceanweredefeatedbyVajirahattha(Sakka). BhātaroVāsavass’ete—Iddhimantoyasassino. TheyarethebrethrensofVasavassa(Sakka)endowedwithdivinepower andglorious.

25. Kālakañjāmahābhimsā—Asurādānaveghasā Kālakañjās,thehorribleAsurā,Dānaveghasā, VepacittiSucittīca—PahārādoNamucīsahā. Vepacitti,SucittīandPahārādahavealsocomewithNamucī(Mara,theEvilOne). SatañcaBaliputtānam—SabbeVerocanāmakā OnehundredofthesonsofBaliAsura,allofthembythenameofVerocanā SannayhitvāBalimsenam—Rāhu-bhaddamu-pāgamum: withapowerfulandarmouredarmy,approachedRāhuAsurā,andsaid: Samayo’dānibhaddhante—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. “Lord,itisnowtimetogototheforesttoseetheassemblyofvenerablemonks.”

26. ĀpocadevāPathavīca—TejoVāyotadāgamum ThedeitiesbythenameofĀpoandPathavī,TejoandVāyohavealso cometotheforest, VarunāVārunādevā—SomocaYasasāSahā. togetherwiththedeitiesVarunā,Vārunā,SomaandYasa.

27. Mettākarunākāyikā—Āgudevāyasassino. Deitiesbornofloveandcompassion,withasplendidtrain,adornedwithglory. Das’etedasadhākāyā—Sabbenānattavannino ThesetengroupsofDevāsofdiversehue Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoseetheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

28. VenhūcadevāSahalīca—AsamācaduveYamā VenhūtoowithhisSahalīs,theAsamās,theYamātwins, Candassūpanisādevā—Candamāgupurakkhatvā. andthosewhoattendontheMoongodcameprecededbyhim.

29. Suriya-ssūpanisādevā—Suriyamāgupurakkhatvā. ThosedeitiesattendingontheSungod,too,cameprecededbyhim. Nakkhattānipurakkhatvā—ĀguMandavalāhakā. ThosedeitiesattendingthePlanetscameprecededbythem.Thedeities oftherainclouds,too,came.

30. VasūnamVāsavosettho—SakkopāgaPurindado AlsocameSakka,thechiefofgods,whoisalsocalledVāsavaandPurindada. Das’etedasadhākāyā—Sabbenānatta-vannino Allthesetengroupsofdeitiesofdiversehue, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoseetheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

31. AthāguSahabhūdevā—Jalamaggisikhāriva Then,too,camethedeitySahabhū,shininglikeaflameoffire, AritthakācaRojāca—Ummā-pupphani-bhāsino. thedeityAritthakā,RojāandUmmāpupphanibhā.

32. VarūnaSahadhammāca—AccutācaAnejakā TherecamealsothedeityVarūna,Sahadhammā,AccutāandAnejakā, SūleyyaRucirāāgu—ĀguVāsavane-sino. Sūleyya,Rucirā,andVāsavanesi. Das’etedasadhākāyā—Sabbenānatta-vannino Allthesetengroupsofdeitiesofdiversehue, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoseetheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

33. SamānāMahāsamānā—MānusāMānusuttamā ThedeitiesSamānā,Mahāsamānā,Mānusā,Mānusuttamā, Khiddāpa-dūsikaāgu—ĀguManopadūsikā. KhiddāpadūsikaandManopadūsikāallhavecome.

34. AthāguHarayodevā—YecaLohitavāsino ThencamethedeityHariwholivesinLohita, PāragāMahāpāragā—Āgudevāyasassino. PāragāandMahāpāragāwiththeirretinueofattendants.

35. Das’etedasadhākāyā—Sabbenānatta-vannino Allthesetengroupsofdeitiesofdiversehue, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoseetheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

36. SukkāKarumhāArunā—ĀguVeghanasāsahā. TherealsocamethedeitiesSukkā,Karumhā,ArunāwithVeghanasā. OdātagayhāPāmokkhā—ĀgudevāVicakkhanā. ThedeitiesOdātagayhā,Pāmokkhā,andVicakkhanāalsocame.

37. SadāmattāHāragajā—Missakācayasassino Sadāmattā,Hāragajā,mightyMissakāandPajjuna, ThanayamāgaPajjunno—Yodisāabhivassati. whocausesraintofallineverydirection,camethundering.

38. Das’etedasadhākāyā—Sabbenānatta-vannino AllthesetengroupsofDevasofdiversehue, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoseetheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

39. KhemiyāTusitāYāmā—Katthakācayasassino ThedeitiesKhemiyā,Tusita,Yāmā,themightyKatthakā, LambītakāLāmasetthā—JotināmācaĀsavā. Lambhītakā,Lāmasetthā,JotiandĀsavāalsocame.

40. Nimmāna-ratinoāgu—AthāguParanimmitā. TherealsocamethedeitiesNimmānaratiandParanimmitā. Das’etedasadhākāyā—Sabbenānatta-vannino AllthesetengroupsofDevasofdiversehue, Iddhimantojutīmanto—Vannavantoyasassino endowedwithdivinepower,radiance,colourandglory,andfollowedby aretinueofattendants, Modamānāabhikkāmum—Bhikkhūnamsamitimvanam. havecomerejoicingtoseetheassemblyofmonksintheforest.

41. Satth’etedevanikāyā—Sabbenānatta-vannino Thesesixtygroupsofdeitiesofdiversehue, Nāmanvayenaāgañchum—Yecaññesadisāsahā. accordingtotheirnameandclass,havecome,withthemothers(similar innameandclass).

42. Pavuttajātimakhilam—Oghatin-nāma-nāsavam. Thesedeitiescamesaying:“Letussee(theSangha,theArahants),who havecrossedthestreamandfreefromtaints. Dakkhem’oghataramNāgam—Candam’vaasitātigam. LetusalsoseetheBuddhawhohascrossedthestream (thatsweptmanawayfromemancipation),whoiscalledNāga (inthesenseofonewhoiswell-tamed)andshininglikethefullmoon.”

43. SubrahmāParamattoca—Puttāiddhimatosahā. TheBrahmasSubrahmāandParamatta,thenoblesonsoftheBuddha whowereendowedwithpsychicpowercametogetherwiththeirretinue. Sanam-kumāroTissoca—Sop’āgasamitimvanam. TheBrahmasSanankumāraandTissaalsocametotheforesttoseethe assemblyofmonks.

44. Sahassambrahmalokānam—Mahā-brahmā’bhititthati ThousandsofMahāBrahmāsfromthousandsofBrahmāWorldscame, Upapannojutīmanto—Bhismākāyoyasassiso. eachofthemmightyinpower,withagiantbody,andofgreatglory.

45. Das’etthaissarāāgu—Pacceka-vasavattino Amongthem,tenchiefBrahmās,lordsovertheirretinueshavecome, Tesañcamajjhatoāga—Hāritoparivārito. andinthemidstofthemwithalltheirattendantscameBrahmāHārita.

46. Tecasabbeabhikkante—SaIndedevesaBrahmake WhenallthedeitiesheadedbyInda(Sakka)andallBrahmasheadedby Haritahadcome, Mārasenāabhikkāmi—PassaKanhassamandiyam. therecamethehostofMāra.Lo!ThefollyofMāra,theMurkyOne(Kanha).

47. Ethaganhathabandhatha—Rāgenabaddha-matthuve “Comeon,seizethem,bindthem,letallbeboundbylust, Samantāparivāretha—Māvomuñcitthakocinam. surroundoneveryside,letnoneescape.”ThusMāragaveorder.

48. Ititatthamahāseno—Kanhasenamapesayi Withhispalm,hestruckthegroundandmadeahorriddin,producinga dreadfulsound, Pānināthala-māhacca—Saramkatvānabheravam. senthisblackarmytothemidstofthedeities.

49. Yathāpāvussakomegho—Thanayantosavijjuko. Justasastormcloudthundersandcauseslightningduringrainyseasons. Tadāsopaccudāvatti—Sankuddhoasayamvasī. Soatthattime,Marawhowasunabletobringthedeitiesunderhissway, wasfilledwithangerandrecoiled.

50. Tañcasabbamabhiññāya—Vavakkhi-tvānacakkhumā ThentheSeeingOne(theBuddha),endowedwiththeWisdomeye, knowingperfectlywellwhathadtranspired, Tatoāmantayīsatthā—Sāvakesāsanerate: addressedHisdiscipleswhotakedelightinthewordsoftheBuddha:

51. Mārasenāabhikkantā—Tevijānāthabhikkhavo. “Monks,thehostofMarahavecomeandgone.Knowthem.” Tecaātappa-makarum—SutvāBuddhassasāsanam. AndthemonkshearingthewordsoftheBuddha,strove(togain Deliverancefromtheirdefilements). Vītarāgeh’a-pakkāmum—N’esamIomam’piiñjayum. Fromthepassion-free(Arahants),thearmyofMarahasdeparted;even somuchasahaironthem(Arahants)wasnotaffected.

52. Sabbevijita-sangāmā—Bhayātitāyasassino. “Allthesedisciples(monks)arevictorsinthewarofpassions,theyare freefromfear,gloriousandrenownedamongmankind. Modantisahabhūtehi—Sāvakātejanesutā’ti. TheyliverejoicingwiththeAryandisciples.”

ĀLAVAKA SUTTADiscourseToĀlavaka

InthisSutta,Ālavaka,thebeingsubduedbytheBuddha,isreferredtoasaYakkha.HereYakkhamaymean thathewasapowerful chieftainasheknew theDhammahimself.TheBuddhavisitedthehouseofYakkhaĀlavakainthecityofĀlavi.Ālavakaasked the Buddha to get out thrice, and asked Him to return thrice. The Buddhaobeyed,butwhenHewasaskedtogetoutforthefourthtime,Herefusedtoobey.ĀlavakathreatenedtodriveHimoutofwitsordestroyHimiftheBuddhacouldnotanswerhisquestions.TheBuddhasaidthattherewasnobodywhocouldharmHimandrequestedĀlavakatoaskthequestions.Hequestioned,andtheBuddhaanswered.HewassopleasedandhebecameadevoteeoftheTripleGem.

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneĀlaviyamviharatiĀlavakassayakkhassabhavane.wasdwellingatAlavi,theabodeofYakkhaĀlavaka.AthakhoĀlavakoyakkho,yenaBhagavāten’upasankamiThentheYakkhaĀlavakaapproachedtheBlessedOne,upasankamitvāBhagavantametadavoca:andsaidtoHim:

Nikkhama,samanā’ti.“Getout,ascetic.”Sādh’āvuso’tiBhagavānikkhami.“Verywell,friend.”sosayingtheBlessedOnewentout.Pavisa,samanā’ti.“Comein,ascetic.”Sādh’āvuso’tiBhagavāpāvisi.“Verywell,friend.”sosayingtheBlessedOnewentin.

Dutiyam’pikhoĀlavakoyakkhoBhagavantametadavoca:Nikkhama,samanā’ti.“Getout,ascetic.”saidtheYakkhaĀlavakatotheBlessedOneasecondtime.Sādh’āvuso’tiBhagavānikkhami.“Verywell,friend.”sosayingtheBlessedOnewentout.Pavisa,samanā’ti.“Comein,ascetic.”Sādh’āvuso’tiBhagavāpāvisi.“Verywell,friend.”sosayingtheBlessedOnewentin.

Tatiyam’pikhoĀlavakoyakkhoBhagavantametadavoca:Nikkhama,samanā’ti.“Getout,ascetic.”saidtheYakkhaĀlavakatotheBlessedOneathirdtime.Sādh’āvuso’tiBhagavānikkhami.“Verywell,friend.”sosayingtheBlessedOnewentout.

Pavisa,samanā’ti.“Comein,ascetic.”Sādh’āvuso’tiBhagavāpāvisi.“Verywell,friend.”sosayingtheBlessedOnewentin.

Catuttham’pikho,ĀlavakoyakkhoBhagavantametadavoca:Nikkhama,samanā’ti.“Getoutascetic.”saidtheYakkhaĀlavakatotheBlessedOneafourthtime.Nakhvāham,āvuso,nikkhamissāmi.“No,Ofriend,Iwillnotgetout.Yantekaranīyamtamkarohī’ti.Dowhatyouhavetodo.”

Pañhamtam,samana,pucchissāmi.“Iwillaskyouaquestion,ascetic.SacemenavyākarissasicittamvātekhipissāmiIfyoudonotanswerme,Iwillconfoundyourmind,hadayamvātephālessāmiorsplityourheart,pādesuvāgahetvāpāra-gangāyamkhipissāmi’ti.orgrabyoubythefeetandflingyouacrosstheGanges.”

Nakhvā-hantamāvusopassāmi,sadevakelokesamārakesabrahmake“Well,friend,IdonotseeanyoneinthisworldofDevas,Maras,Brahmas,sassamana-brāhmaniyāpajāyasadeva-manussāyaorinthisgenerationofascetics,brahmanas,devas,andhumans,yomecittamvākhipeyyawhocouldeitherconfoundmymindhadayamvāphāleyyaorsplitmyheart,pādesuvāgahetvāpāra-gangāyakhipeyya.orgrabmebythefeetandflingmeacrosstheGanges.Apicatvamāvusopucchayadā-kankhasi’ti.Nevertheless,friend,askwhatyouwant.”

AthakhoĀlavakoyakkhoBhagavantamgāthāyaajjhabhāsi:ThenĀlavakaaddressedtheBlessedOneinverse:

1. Kimsūdhavittampurisassa-settham? “Whathereisaman’sbestwealth? Kimsūsucinnosukhamāvahāti? Whatpractisedwellwillbringhappiness? Kimsūhavesādhutaramrasānam? Whattasteexcelsallothertastes? Kathamjīvimjīvitamāhusetthamti? Howdoestheonewhotheysaylivebest,live?”

2. Saddhīdhavittampurisassa-settham. “Faithishereaman’sbestwealth. Dhammosucinnosukhamāvahāti. Dhammapractisedwellwillbringhappiness. Saccamhavesādhutaramrasānam. Truthindeedexcelsallothertastes. Paññājīvimjīvitamāhusetthamti. Onelivingbywisdomtheysaylivesbest.”

3. Kathamsutaratīogham? “Howdoesonecrossovertheflood? Kathamsutaratīannavam? Howdoesonecrosstheruggedsea? Kathamsudukkhamacceti? Howdoesoneovercomesuffering? Kathamsuparisujjhati? Howisonepurified?”

4. Saddhāyataratīogham. “Byfaithonecrossesovertheflood. Appamādenaannavam. Bydiligenceonecrossesovertheruggedsea. Viriyenadukkhamacceti. Byeffortoneovercomessuffering. Paññāyaparisujjati. Bywisdomoneispurified.”

5. KathamsuIabhatepaññam? “HowdoesonegainWisdom? Kathamsuvindatedhanam? HowdoesoneobtainWealth? Kathamsukittimpappoti? HowdoesonecometoFame? Kathammittāniganthati? HowdoesonewinFriendship? Asmālokāparamlokam, Whenpassingfromthisworldtoanotherworldafterdeath, Kathampeccanasocati? Howdoesonenotbesorrowful?”

6. Saddahānoarahatam—DhammamNibbāna-pattiyā “PlacingfaithintheworthyDhamma,fortheattainmentofNibbana, SussūsāIabhatepaññam—Appamattovicakkhano. hewhohasthewishtoheartheDhamma,beingvigilantanddiscerning gainsWisdom. Patirūpakārīdhuravā—Utthātāvindatedhanam. One who is energetic and takes initiative indoingwhatisproperanddutifulobtainsWealth. Saccenakittimpappoti—Dadammittāniganthati. Bytruthfulness,onewinsFame.Bygiving,onewinsFriendship. Yass’etecaturodhammā—Saddhassagharamesino: Thefaithfulseekerofthehouseholdlifeinwhomdwellsthesefour qualities,thatis: Saccamdamodhitīcāgo—Savepeccanasocati. Truth,Dhamma,SteadfastnessandGenerosity,isnotsorrowfulwhen he passes on. Asmālokāparamlokam—Savepeccanasocati. Thatishowonedoesnotsorrowwhenpassingfromthisworldto anotherworldafterdeath.”

7. Inghaaññe’pipucchassū—Puthusamana-brāhmane “Comenow,askothersamanasandbrahmanasaswell, Yadisaccādamācāgā—Khantyābhiyyonavijjati. whetherthereisfoundhereanythingbetterthanTruthandRestraint, GenerosityandPatience.”

8. Kathannu’dānipuccheyyam—Puthusamana-brāhmane? “WhyshouldInowaskothersamanasandbrahmanas? So’hamajjapajānāmi—Yocatthosamparāyiko. TodayIhaveunderstoodthegoodpertainingtothenextlife.

9. Atthāyavatame,Buddho—Vāsāyālavi-māgamī. Indeed,formysake,theBuddhacametoAlavi. So’hamajjapajānāmi—Yathādinnammahapphalam. TodayIhaveunderstoodwhereagiftbearsgreatfruit.

10. Soahamvicarissāmigāmāgāmam,purāpuram. Fromvillagetovillageandtowntotown,Ishallnowwanderalone. NamassamānoSambuddham PayinghomagetotheFullyEnlightenedOne Dhammassacasuddhammatan’ti. andtheexcellentDhammawellpreachedbyHim.”

EvamvatvāĀlavakoyakkhoBhagavantametadavoca:Havingthusspoken,theYakkhaĀlavakasaidtotheBlessedOne:AbhikkantambhoGotama,abhikkantambhoGotama“Excellent,OVenerableGotama,excellent!seyyathāpi,bhoGotama,nikkujjitamvāukkujjeyyapaticchannamvāvivareyyaItisasif,OVenerableGotama,amanweretosetuprightwhathadbeenoverturned,mūlhassavāmaggamācikkheyyarevealwhathadbeenhidden,pointoutthewaytoonewhohadgoneastray,andhakārevātelapajjotamdhāreyyaholdanoillampamidstthedarknesscakkhumantorūpānidakkhintī’ti;sothatthosewhohaveeyesmaysee;EvamevambhotāGotamenaaneka-pariyāyenaDhammopakāsito.evensohasthedoctrinebeenexpoundedinvariouswaysbytheVenerableGotama.EsāhambhagavantamGotamamsaranamgacchāmiItakerefugeintheVenerableGotama(theBuddha),DhammañcaBhikkhu-sanghañca.intheDhamma(theDoctrine)andintheSangha(theOrder).UpāsakammambhavamGotamodhāretuMaytheVenerableGotamaacceptmeasalaydisciplewhohastakenrefuge,ajjataggepānupetamsaranamgatan’ti.fromthisverydaytolife’send.”

KASĪBHĀRADVĀJA SUTTADiscourseToKasībhāradvāja

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneMagadhesuviharatiDakkhinā-girismimwasstayingatDakkhinagiri(monastery),Ekanālāyambrāhmana-gāme.inthebrahmanavillageEkanala,inMagadha.TenakhopanasamayenaNowatthattime,Kasībhāra-dvājassabrāhmanassapañca-mattānitheBrahminKasībhāradvāja,theploughman,hadfivehundredploughsnangalasatānipayuttānihontivappakāle.fastenedtotheiryokesatthetimeofsowing.

AthakhoBhagavāpubbanhasamayam,Thenintheforenoon,theBlessedOnehavingputonHisrobes,nivāsetvāpattacīvara-mādāyacarryingHisbowlandouterrobe,yenaKasībhāra-dvājassabrāhmanassakammantoten’upasankami.wenttotheplacewhereBrahminKasībhāradvājawasatwork.

TenakhopanasamayenaNowonthatoccasion,Kasībhāra-dvājassabrāhmanassaparivesanāvattati.theBrahminKasībhāradvāja’sfooddistributionwastakingplace.AthakhoBhagavāyenaparivesanāten’upasankamiTheBlessedOneapproachedtheplaceoffooddistributionupasankamitvāekamantamatthāsi.and stood at one side.

AddasākhoKasībhāra-dvājobrāhmanoTheBrahminKasībhāradvājaseeingBhagavantampindāyathitamtheBlessedOnestandingthereforalmsdisvānaBhagavantametadavoca:andsaidtoHim:

Ahamkhosamanakasāmica,vapāmica,“Ascetic,Iploughandsow,kasitvāca,vapitvācabhuñjāmi.andwhenIhaveploughedandsown,Ieat.Tvam’pisamanakasassuca,vapassuca,Youtoo,ascetic,oughttoploughandsow;kasitvāca,vapitvācabhuñjassū’ti.andthenwhenyouhaveploughedandsown,youshalleat.”Aham’pikhobrāhmanakasāmica,vapāmica,“I,too,Brahmin,ploughandsowkasitvāca,vapitvācabhuñjāmi’ti.andwhenIhaveploughedandsown,Ieat.”NakhopanamayampassāmabhotoGotamassa“ButwedonotseetheVenerableGotama’syoke,yugamvānangalamvāphālamvāpācanamvābalivaddevā.orplough,orploughshare,orgoadoroxen.”

AthacapanabhavamGotamoevamāha:NeverthelesstheVenerableGotamasaid:Aham’pikhobrāhmana,kasāmica,vapāmica,“I,too,Brahmin,ploughandsowkasitvāca,vapitvācabhuñjāmi’ti.andwhenIhaveploughedandsown,Ieat.”AthakhoKasībhāra-dvājobrāhmanoBhagavantamgāthāyaajjhabhāsi:ThereupontheBrahminaddressedtheBlessedOneinverse:

1. Kassakopatijānāsi—Nacapassāmatekasim “Youclaimtobeaploughman,yetyourploughwedonotsee; Kasimnopucchitobrūhi—Yathājānemutekasim’ti? Ifyouareaploughman,answerme:Howshouldweunderstandyourploughing?”

2. Saddhābījam,tapovutthi—Paññāmeyuganangalam “Faithismyseed,austeritytherain,wisdommyyokeandplough, Hiriīsāmanoyottam—Satimephāla-pācanam. moralshameisthepole,mindisthestrap,mindfulnessismy ploughshareandgoad.

3. Kāyaguttovacīgutto—Āhāreudareyato Guardedandcontrolledinspeechandconduct,moderateinfood, Saccamkarominiddānam—Soraccammepamocanam. IuseTruthasmyweedcutter;andgentlenessasmyunyoking.

4. Viriyammedhura-dhorayham—Yogakkhemā-dhivāhanam Effortandenergyismyresolution,carryingmetoNibbana’ssecurity, Gacchatianivattantam—Yatthagantvānasocati. andonitgoeswithoutstopping.Towhere,havinggone,oneisnotsorrowful.

5. Evamesākasīkatthā—Sāhotiamatapphalā InsuchawaythisploughingisdonewhichbearstheDeathlessnessasitsfruit. Etamkasimkasitvāna—Sabba-dukkhāpamuccatī’ti. Havingfinishedthisworkofploughing,oneisreleasedfromallsuffering.”

AthakhoKasībhāra-dvājobrāhmanoThenBrahminKasībhāradvājamahatiyākamsapātiyāpāyāsamfillingagoldenbowlwithmilkricevaddhetvāBhagavatoupanāmesi:offeredittotheBlessedOne,saying:bhuñjatubhavamGotamopāyāsam“MaytheVenerableGotamaeatthismilkrice;kassakobhavamGotamoyamhibhavamGotamoaploughman,indeedisVenerableGotamawhoploughs,amataphalamkasimkasatī’ti.forthefruitofDeathlessness.”

6. Gāthābhigītammeabhojaneyyam. “WhatIreceivebyrecitingverses,OBrahmin,Ishouldnoteat. Sampassatambrāhmanan’esadhammo. This,Brahmin,isnottheprincipleofthosewhopractiserightlivelihood. GāthābhigītampanudantiBuddhā. TheBuddhasdonotacceptwhatisreceivedbyrecitingverses. Dhammesatibrāhmanavuttiresā. This,Brahmin,istheconductoftheBuddhasaslongasDhammareigns.

7. Aññenacakevalīnammahesim Tothosegreatsageswhoarewhollyconsummate, khīnāsavamkukkuccavūpasantam taintless,andfreefromworry, annenapānenaupatthahassu. shouldthouofferotherfoodanddrink. Khettamhitampuñña-pekhassahotī’ti. Fortheyarethefieldofblessing.”

AthakassacāhambhoGotamoimampāyāsamdammī’ti?“Towhom,thenVenerableGotama,shallIgivethismilkrice?”Nakhvāhamtambrāhmanapassāmisadevakelokesamārakesabrahmake“Brahmin,intheworldofDevas,Maras,andBrahmassassamana-brāhmaniyāpajāyasadeva-manussāyaorinthegenerationofrecluses,brahmanas,devas,andhumans,yassasopāyāsobhuttosammāparināmamgaccheyyathereisnoonebywhomthismilkrice,ifeaten,aññatraTathāgatassavāTathāgatasāvakassavā.couldbewhollydigestedexceptbytheTathagata(theBuddha),orthediscipleofaTathagata.

TenahitvambrāhmanatampāyāsamappaharitevāchaddehiTherefore,Brahmin,eithercastthismilkricewherethereisnograss,appānakevāudakeopilāpehī’ti.orintowaterwheretherearenolivingcreatures.”

AthakhoKasībhāra-dvājobrāhmanotampāyāsamThereupontheBrahminflungthatmilkriceintowaterappānakeudakeopilāpesiwheretherewerenolivingcreatures,athakhosopāyāsoudakepakkhittoandthemilkrice,thrownintothewater,ciccitā-yaticiti-citāyati,sandhū-pāyatisampadhū-payāti.smokedandsteamed,makingthenoise“cicchita,citicita”.Seyyathāpināmaphālodivasa-santattoudakepakkhittoJustlikeaploughshareheatedduringtheday,whenthrownintowater,ciccitā-yaticiti-citāyati,sandhū-pāyatisampadhū-payāti.smokesandsteamsmakingthenoise“cicchita,citicita”.

EvamevasopāyāsoudakepakkhittoInsimilarmanner,thatmilkricewhenthrownintothewater,ciccitā-yaticiti-citāyatisandhū-pāyatisampadhū-payāti.smokedandsteamed,makingthenoise“cicchita,citicita”.AthakhoKasībhāra-dvājobrāhmanosamviggoThenindeed,thebrahminKasibharadvaja,alarmed,Ioma-hatthajātoyenaBhagavāten’upasankamiwithhairstandingonend,approachedwheretheBlessedOnewas,upasankamitvāBhagavatopādesusirasānipatitvāBhagavantametadavoca:andprostratewithhisheadattheBlessedOne’sfeetandsaid:

AbhikkantambhoGotamaabhikkantambhoGotama.“Excellent,OVenerableGotama,Excellent!Seyyathā’pibhoGotamanikkujjitamvāukkujjeyyaItisasif,OVenerableGotama,amanweretosetuprightwhathadbeenoverturned,paticchannamvāvivareyya,mūlhassavāmaggamācikkheyya,revealwhathadbeenhidden,pointoutthewaytoonewhohadgoneastray,andhakārevātelapajjotamdhāreyyaholdanoillampamidstthedarknesscakkhumantorūpānidakkhintī’tisothatthosewhohaveeyesmaysee,evamevambhotāGotamenaaneka-pariyāyenadhammopakāsito.evensohasthedoctrinebeenexpoundedinvariouswaysbytheVenerableGotama.

EsāhambhavantamGotamamsaranamgacchāmiItakerefugeintheVenerableGotama(theBuddha),DhammañcaBhikkhu-sanghañca.intheDhamma(theDoctrine)andintheSangha(theOrder).Labheyyā-mahambhotoGotamassaMayIreceivethenovice’sordinationinthepresenceoftherespectableGotama,santikepabbajjamIabheyyamupasampadan’ti.mayIreceivethehigherordination.”

AlatthakhoKasībhāra-dvājobrāhmanoBrahminKasībhāradvājadulyreceivedBhagavatosantikepabbajjamalatthaupasampadam.boththenovice’sordinationandhigherordinationfromtheBlessedOne.

Acirūpa-sampannokhopanāyasmāBhāradvājoNotlongafterhishigherordination,theVenerableKasībhāradvājaekovūpakatthoappamattoātāpīpahitattoviharanto.dwelledaloneandaloof,vigilantandardent.Na’cirass’evayassa’tthāyakulaputtāsammad’evaBeforelong,forthesakeofwhichyoungmenofgoodfamilygoforthagārasmāanagāriyampabbajantifromhometolivethehomelesslife,tadanuttarambrahma-cariyapariyosānamditthevadiligent,strenuous,andresolute,byhisowninsight,hereandnow,dhammesayamabhiññāsacchīkatvāupasampajjavihāsi.realisedandattainedthehighestperfection(Arahantship),theendoftheNobleLife.

Khīnājātivusitambrahma-cariyamBirthisdestroyed,fulfilledistheholylife,katamkaranīyamnāparamittha-ttāyātiAbbhaññāsi.donewhathastobedone,thereisnomoreofthisstateagain.AññātarocakhopanāyasmāBhāradvājoArahattamahosī’ti.TheVenerableKasībhāradvājabecameanArahant.

PARĀBHAVA SUTTADiscourse On Causes Of Downfall

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneSāvatthiyamviharatiJetavane,Anātha-pindikassaārāme.wasdwellingatAnathapindika’smonastery,intheJetaGrovenearSavatthi.AthakhoaññatarādevatāNowwhenthenightwasfaradvanced,acertaindeityabhikkantāyarattiyāabhikkantavannāwhosesurpassingsplendourkevala-kappamJetavanamobhāsetvāilluminatedtheentireJetaGrove,yenaBhagavāten’upasankami,upasankamitvācametothepresenceoftheBlessedOneand,Bhagavantamabhivādetvā,ekamantamatthāsi.drawingnearrespectfullysalutedhim,andstoodononeside.Ekamantamthitākho,sādevatāBhagavantamgāthāyaajjhabhāsi:Standingthus,headdressedtheBlessedOneinverse:

1. Parā-bhavantampurisam—MayampucchāmaGotamam. “HavingcomeherewithourquestionstotheExaltedOne, weaskthee,OGotama,aboutman’sdownfall. Bhagavantamputthu-māgamma—Kimparābhavatomukham. Pray,telluswhatisthecauseofman’sdownfall.”

2. Suvijānobhavamhoti—Suvijānoparābhavo. “Easilyknownistheprogressiveone,easilyknownisthedecliningone. Dhammakāmobhavamhoti—Dhammadessīparābhavo. HewholovesDhammaprogresses.Hewhoisaversetoit,declines.”

TheParābhavaSuttaisanexhortation,mainlytolaymen. As in the Māha Mangala Sutta, a deityvisited the Buddha and asked Him about thedownfallofmanand thecauseofhis ruin.TheBuddha,inasetofstanzas,detailedthecausesofruin.Thesecausesofruinremainastruetodayasduring the days of the Buddha. The Buddha ended His admonition by expressing that awiseman,having considered the cause of ruin, will live ahappylife,byavoidingthesecausesofdownfall.

3. Itih’etamvijānāma—Pathamosoparābhavo. “Weunderstandthisasexplainedbythee.Thisisthefirstcauseofman’sdownfall. DutiyamBhagavābrūhi—Kimparābhavatomukham? Pray,tellsusthesecond,OBlessedOne.Whatisthecauseofman’sdownfall?”

4. Asant’assapiyāhonti—Santenakurutepiyam. “Thewickedaredeartohim,withthevirtuoushefindsnodelight. Asatamdhammamroceti—Tamparābhavatomukham. Heapprovestheteachingsofthewicked.Thisisthecauseofman’sdownfall.”

5. Itih’etamvijānāma—Dutiyosoparābhavo. “Weunderstandthisasexplainedbythee.Thisisthesecondcauseof man’sdownfall. TatiyamBhagavābrūhi—Kimparābhavatomukham? Pray,tellusthethird,OBlessedOne.Whatisthecauseofman’sdownfall?”

6. Niddāsīlisabhāsīli—Anutthātācayonaro “Fondofsleepandcompany,inactiveandlazy, Alasokodha-paññāno—Tamparābhavatomukham. andmanifestinganger.Thisisthecauseofman’sdownfall.”

7. Itih’etamvijānāma—Tatiyosoparābhavo. “Weunderstandthisasexplainedbythee.Thisisthethirdcauseof man’sdownfall. CatutthamBhagavābrūhi—Kimparābhavatomukham? Pray,tellusthefourth,OBlessedOne.Whatisthecauseofman’sdownfall?”

8. Yomātaramvāpitaramvā—Jinnakamgatayobbanam “Beingaffluent,onedoesnotsupportone’smotherandfather Pahūsantonabharati—Tamparābhavatomukham. whoareold,pasttheiryouthandprime.Thisisthecauseofman’sdownfall.”

9. Itih’etamvijānāma—Catutthosoparābhavo. “Weunderstandthisasexplainedbythee.Thisisthefourthcauseof man’sdownfall. PañcamamBhagavābrūhi—Kimparābhavatomukham? Pray,tellusthefifth,OBlessedOne.Whatisthecauseofman’sdownfall?”

10. Yobrāhmanamvāsamanamvā—Aññamvā’pivanibbakam “Todeceivebyfalsehoodabrahmana,orascetic, Musāvādenavañceti—Tamparābhavatomukham. oranyothermendicant.Thisisthecauseofman’sdownfall.”

11. Itih’etamvijānāma—Pañcamosoparābhavo. “Weunderstandthisasexplainedbythee.Thisisthefifthcauseofman’sdownfall. ChatthamamBhagavābrūhi—Kimparābhavatomukham? Pray,tellusthesixth,OBlessedOne.Whatisthecauseofman’sdownfall?”

12. Pahūtavittopuriso—Sahiraññosabhojano “Topossessmuchwealthandabundanceofgoldandfood, Ekobhuñjatisādhūni—Tamparābhavatomukham. buttoenjoyone’sdelicaciesallbyoneself.Thisisthecauseofman’sdownfall.”

13. Itih’etamvijānāma—Chatthamosoparābhavo. “Weunderstandthisasexplainedbythee.Thisisthesixthcauseof man’sdownfall. SattamamBhagavābrūhi—Kimparābhavatomukham? Pray,tellustheseventh,OBlessedOne.Whatisthecauseofman’sdownfall?”

14. Jātitthaddhodhanatthaddho—Gottatthaddhocayonaro “Tobeproudofone’sbirth,wealthandclan, Saññātimatimaññeti—Tamparābhavatomukham. andtodespiseone’sownkinsmen.Thisisthecauseofman’sdownfall.”

15. Itih’etamvijānāma—Sattamosoparābhavo. “Weunderstandthisasexplainedbythee.Thisistheseventhcauseof man’sdownfall. AtthamamBhagavābrūhi—Kimparābhavatomukham? Pray,tellustheeighth,OBlessedOne.Whatisthecauseofman’sdownfall?”

16. Itthidhuttosurādhuto—Akkhadhuttocayonaro “Tobeaddictedtowomen(giventoalifeofindulgenceinimmoralpleasures), LaddhamIaddhamvināseti—Tamparābhavatomukham. adrunkard,agambler,andasquandererofhisearnings.Thisisthe causeofman’sdownfall.”

17. Itih’etamvijānāma—Atthamosoparābhavo. “Weunderstandthisasexplainedbythee.Thisistheeighthcauseof man’sdownfall. NavamamBhagavābrūhi—Kimparābhavatomukham? Pray,tellustheninth,OBlessedOne.Whatisthecauseofman’sdownfall?”

18. Sehidārehi’santuttho—Vesiyāsupadissati “Nottobecontentedwithone’sownwives,andtobeseenwithwhores Dissatiparadāresu—Tamparābhavatomukham. andthewivesofothers.Thisisthecauseofman’sdownfall.”

19. Itih’etamvijānāma—Navamosoparābhavo. “Weunderstandthisasexplainedbythee.Thisistheninthcauseof man’sdownfall. DasamamBhagavābrūhi—Kimparābhavatomukham? Pray,tellusthetenth,OBlessedOne.Whatisthecauseofman’sdownfall?”

20. Atītayobbanoposo—Ānetitimbarutthanim “Beingpastone’syouth,totakeayoungwife Tassāissānasupati—Tamparābhavatomukham. andtobeunabletosleepforjealousyofher.Thisisthecauseofone’sdownfall.”

21. Itih’etamvijānāma—Dasamosoparābhavo. “Weunderstandthisasexplainedbythee.Thisisthetenthcauseof man’sdownfall. EkādasamamBhagavābrūhi—Kimparābhavatomukham? Pray,tellustheeleventh.OBlessedOne.Whatisthecauseofman’sdownfall?”

22. Itthisondimvikiranim—Purisamvā’pitādisam “Toplaceinauthorityawomangiventodrinkandsquandering, Issariyasmimthapāpeti—Tamparābhavatomukham. oramanofsimilarbehaviour.Thisisthecauseofman’sdownfall.” 23. Itih’etamvijānāma—Ekādasamosoparābhavo. “Weunderstandthisasexplainedbythee.Thisistheeleventhcauseof man’sdownfall. DvādasamamBhagavābrūhi—Kimparābhavatomukham? Pray,tellusthetwelfth,OBlessedOne.Whatisthecauseofman’sdownfall?”

24. Appabhogomahātanho—Khattiyejāyatekule “Tobeofnoblebirth,withvastambitionandofslendermeans, Socarajjampatthayati—Tamparābhavatomukham. andcravingforrulership.Thisisthecauseofman’sdownfall.”

25. Eteparābhaveloke—Pandītosamavekkhiya “Fullyrealisingthesetwelvecausesofman’sdownfallintheworld, Ariyodassana-sampanno—Salokambhajatesivan’ti. theNoblesage,endowedwithariyaninsight,sharesarealmofsecurity(Nibbana).”

VASALA SUTTADiscourse On Conditions That Make One An Outcaste

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamsamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneSāvatthiyamviharatiJetavaneAnāthapindikassaārāme.wasresidingatAnathapindika’smonasteryinJetaGrove,nearSavatthi.AthakhoBhagavāpubbanha-samayamThenintheforenoon,theBlessedOnehavingputonHisrobes,nivāsetvāpattacīvara-mādāyaSāvatthiyampindāyapāvisi.carryingHisbowlandouterrobe,wentintoSavatthiforalms.

TenakhopanasamayenaNowatthattime,Aggika-bhāradvājassabrāhmanassanivesaneinthehouseoftheBrahminAggikabhāradvāja,aggipajjalitohotiāhutipaggahitā.afirewasburning,andanofferingwasbeingprepared.

AthakhoBhagavāSāvatthiyamsapadānampindāyacaramānoThentheBlessedOne,whileonHisalmsround,yenaAggika-bhāradvājassabrāhamanassanivesanamten’upasankami.cametotheBrahminAggikabhāradvāja’sresidence.

AddasākhoAggika-bhāradvājobrāhmanoTheBrahminseeing,BhagavantamdūratovaāgacchantamtheBlessedOneapproachingfromafar,disvānaBhagavantametadavoca:wenttoHimandsaidthis:

Tatr’evamundaka,tatr’evasamanaka,“Staythere,youshaveling.Staythere,youwretchedmonk.tatr’evavasalakatitthāhī’ti.Staythere,yououtcaste.”EvamvutteBhagavāAggika-bhāradvājambrāhmanametadavoca:Whenhespokethus,theBlessedOnesaidtotheBrahmin:

Jānāsipanatvambrāhmana“Doyouknow,Brahmin,vasalamvāvasalakaranevādhamme’ti?whoanoutcasteisandwhataretheconditionsthatmakeoneanoutcaste?”

NakhvāhambhoGotamajānāmi“No,indeed,VenerableGotama,vasalamvāvasalakaranevādhamme.Idonotknowwhoanoutcasteisnortheconditionsthatmakeanoutcaste.

SādhumebhavamGotamoItwouldbegoodifVenerableGotamatathādhammamdesetuyathāhamjāneyyamcouldexplaintheDhammatomesothatImayknowvasalamvāvasalakaranevādhamme’ti.whoanoutcasteisandwhattheconditionsarethatmakeoneanoutcaste.”

TenahiBrāhmanasunāhisādhukammanasikarohiBhāsissāmī’ti.“Listenthen,Brahmin,andbearitwellinmind.Ishallspeak.”Evambho’tikhoAggika-bhāradvājoBrāhmanoBhagavatopaccassosi.“Yes,VenerableSir,”repliedtheBrahmininassenttotheBlessedOne.

Bhagavāetadavoca:Thereupon he said:

1. Kodhanoupanāhīca—Pāpamakkhīcayonaro “Whosoeverisangry,harbourshatred, discreditsthegoodofothersandisreluctanttospeakwellofothers, Vipannaditthimāyāvī—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. wronginviews,deceitful.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

2. Ekajamvādvijamvā’pi—Yo’dhapānānihimsati Whosoeverinthisworldkillssentientbeings,oncebornortwiceborn, Yassapānedayānatthi—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. inwhomthereisnocompassionforlivingbeings.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

3. Yohantiparirundhati—Gāmāninigamānica Whosoeverbesiegesanddestroysvillagesandmarkettowns Niggāhakosamaññāto—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. andbecomesnotoriousasanoppressor.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

4. Gāmevāyadivāraññe—Yamparesammamāyitam Beitinthevillage,orintheforest,whosoeverstealswhatbelongstoothers, Theyyāadinnamādiyati—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. takeswhatisnotgiventohim.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

5. Yohaveinamādāya—Cujjamānopalāyati Whosoeverhavingincurredadebtrunsawaywhenheispressedtopay, Nahiteinamatthi’ti—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. saying,“Iowenodebttoyou”.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

6. Yovekiñcikkha-kamyatā—Panthasmimvajatamjanam Whosoevercovetinganything,killsapersongoingalongtheroad, Hantvākiñcikkha-mādeti—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. andgrabswhateverthatpersonhas.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

7. Yoattahetuparahetu—Dhanahetucayonaro Whosoeverforhisownsakeorforthesakeofothersorforthesakeofwealth, Sakkhīputthomusābrūti—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. utterslieswhenquestionedasawitness.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

8. Yoñātīnamsakhānamvā—Dāresupatidissati Whosoeverbyforceorwithconsent, Sahasāsampiyenavā—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. associateswiththewivesofrelativesorfriends.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

9. Yomātaramvāpītaramvā—Jinnakamgata-yobbanam Whosoeverbeingwealthysupportsnothismotherandfather Pahūsantonabharati—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. whohavegrownold.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

10. Yomātaramvāpītaramvā—Bhātarambhaginimsasum Whosoeverstrikesandannoysbyharshspeechtohismother,father, brother,sister, Hantirosetivācāya—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. mother-in-laworfather-in-law.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

11. Yoatthampucchitosanto—Anattha-manusāsati Whosoeverwhenquestionedaboutwhatisgood,sayswhatisdetrimental, Paticchannenamanteti—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. andtalksinanevasivemanner.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

12. Yokatvāpāpakamkammam—Māmamjaññātiicchati Whosoeverhavingcommittedanevildeed,wishesthatitmaynotbe known to others. Yopaticchanna-kammanto—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. Whosoevercommitsevilinsecret.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

13. Yoveparakulamgantvā—Bhutvānasucībhojanam Whosoeverhavinggonetoanother’shouse,andaftertakingchoicefood, Āgatamnapatipūjeti—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. doesnothonorthathostbyofferingfoodwhenherepaysthevisit. Knowhimasanoutcaste.

14. Yobrāhmanamvāsamanamvā—Aññamvāpivanibbakam Whosoever,aBrahminoranascetic,oranyothermendicant Musāvādenavañceti—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. hedeceivesbyutteringlies.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

15. Yobrāhmanamvāsamanamvā—Bhattakāleuppatthite WhosoeverwhenaBrahminorasceticappearsduringmealtime,angers himbyharshspeech, Rosetivācānacadeti—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. anddoesnotofferhimanyalms.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

16. Asatamyo’dhapabrūti—Mohenapaliguntito Whosoeverinthisworld,shroudedinignorance,speaksharshwords Kiñcikkhamnijigimsāno—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. andexpectingtogainsomething.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

17. Yoc’attānamsamukkamse—Paramcamavajānati Whosoeverdebasedbyhispride,praiseshimselfhighly Nīhīnosenamānena—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. andbelittlesothers.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

18. Rosakokadariyoca—PāpicchomaccharīSatho Whosoeverisgiventoanger,ismiserly,hasbasedesires,andisselfish, Ahirīkoanottāpī—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. deceitful,shamelessandfearlessindoingevil.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

19. YoBuddhamparibhāsati—Athavātassasāvakam WhosoeverrevilestheEnlightenedOne,oradiscipleoftheBuddha, Paribbājamgahatthamvā—Tamjaññāvasaloiti. arecluseorahouseholder.Knowhimasanoutcaste.

20. Yoveanarahāsanto—Arahampatijānati WhosoevernotbeinganArahant,aConsummateOne,pretendstobeso, Corosabrahmakeloke—Esakhovasalādhamo. isathiefinthewholeuniverse.Heisthelowestofoutcastes.

21. Etekhovasalāvuttā—Mayāvoyepakāsitā ByMehavetheybeendeclaredtoyou: Najaccāvasalohoti—Najaccāhotibrāhmano Notbybirthisoneanoutcase,notbybirthisoneaBrahmin. Kammanāvasalohoti—Kammanāhotibrāhmano. Bydeedonebecomesanoutcaste,bydeedonebecomesaBrahmin.

22. Tadamināpivijānātha—Yathāme’damnidassanam KnowyebytheexampleInowcite. CandālaputtoSopāko—Mātangoitivissuto. Therewasthissonofanoutcaste,Sopāka,whobecameknownasMātanga.

23. Soyasamparamampatto—Mātango’yamsudullabham ThisMātangaattainedthehighestfamesodifficulttogain. Āgañchumtass’upattānam—Khattiyābrāhmanāmbahū. ManywerethewarriorsandBrahminswhowenttoattendtohim.

24. Sodeva-yānamāruyha—Virajamsomahāpatham Mountingthecelestialchariot(theNobleEightfoldpath), Kāmarāgamvirājetvā—Brahma-lokūpagoahū. anddrivingalongthepassion-freehighroad,Sopāka(nowamonk), reachedtheBrahmarealm,havinggivenupsensedesires.

25. Nanamjātinivāresi—Brahmalokū-papattiyā HislowlybirthdidnotpreventhimfrombeingrebornintheBrahmarealm. Ajjhāyakākulejātā—Brāhmanāmantabandhuno. Ontheotherhand,thereareBrahminsborninthefamilyofpreceptors, kinsmenof(veda)hymns.

26. Tecapāpesukammesu—Abhinha-mupadissare Theyareoftenseencommittingevildeeds. Ditth’evadhammegārayhā—Samparāyecaduggatim Inthislifeitselftheyaredespised,inthenexttheyareborninawoeful stateofexistence. Natejātinivāreti—Duggaccāgarahāyavā. Highbirthdoesnotpreventthemfromfallingintoawoefulstateorcensure.

Najaccāvasalohoti—Najaccāhotibrāhmano Notbybirthisoneanoutcaste;notbybirthisoneaBrahmin. Kammanāvasalohoti—Kammanāhotibrāhmano’ti. Bydeedonebecomesanoutcaste,bydeedonebecomesaBrahmin.”

EvamvutteAggika-bhāradvājobrāhmanoBhagavantametadavoca:WhentheBuddhahadthusspoken,theBrahminAggikabhāradvājasaidtotheBlessedOne:AbhikkantambhoGotama,abhikkantambhoGotama“Excellent,OVenerableGotama,excellent!SeyyathāpibhoGotamanikkujjitamvāukkujjeyyaItisasif,OVenerableGotama,amanweretosetuprightthatwhichwasoverturned,paticchannamvāvivareyyaorrevealthatwhichwashidden,mūlhassavāmaggamācikkheyyaorweretopointoutthewaytoonewhohadgoneastray,andhakārevātelapajjotamdhāreyyaorweretoholdalampamidstthedarknesscakkhumantorūpānidakkhinti’ti.sothatthosewhohaveeyesmaysee.EvamevambhotāGotamenaaneka-pariyāyena,dhammopakāsito.Evenso,hasthedoctrinebeenexpoundedinvariouswaysbytheBlessedOne.

E’sāhamBhagavantamGotamamsaranamgacchāmiItakerefugeintheVenerableGotama(Buddha),DhammañcaBhikkhu-sanghañca.theDhamma(theDoctrine),andtheSangha(theOrder).UpāsakammambhavamGotamodhāretuMaytheVenerableGotamaacceptmeasalayfollower,ajjataggepān’upetamsaranamgatan’ti.asonewhohastakenrefuge,fromthisverydaytolife’send.”

SACCAVIBHANGA SUTTADiscourse On The Analysis Of The Truth

Evammesutam:Thus have I heard:ekamSamayamBhagavāOnoneoccasiontheBlessedOneBārānasīyamviharatiIsipataneMigadāye.wasresidingintheDeerParkatIsipatana,nearBaranasi.TatrakhoBhagavābhikkhūāmantesiBhikkhavoti.ThereHeaddressedthemonks,saying:“OMonks.”BhadantetitebhikkhūBhagavatopaccassosum.“VenerableSir.”repliedthosemonksinassenttotheBlessedOne.Bhagavāetadavoca:Thereupon he said:

TathāgatenabhikkhaveArahatāSammāSambuddhena“Monks,theTathagata,theConsummateOne,thesupremelyEnlightenedOne,BārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyein the Deer Park at Isipatana near BaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamsetrollingthematchlessWheeloftheDhamma,whichcannotsetinmotionsamanenavāBrāhmanenavābyanyrecluse,Brahmana,DevenavāMārenavāBrahmunāvākenacivālokasmim.Deva,Mara,Brahma,orbyanyoneintheworld.

In the Saccavibhanga Sutta, the Buddhaclassified the Four Noble Truths. HepraisedVenerableSāriputtaandVenerableMoggallāna, and said that VenerableSāriputtawascapableofgivingadetailedexplanationoftheFourTruths.

When the Buddha departed from theassembly, Elder Sāriputta took over andaddressed themonks. He referred to theWheeloftheLawthatwassetinmotionbytheBuddhaatIsipatana.ThiswasfollowedbyadetailedexpositionofeachoftheFourTruthsandalltheirsubdivisions.

Venerable Sāriputta elaboratedwhat the Buddha expounded in theDhammacakkappavattanaSutta.

Yadidamcatunnamariya-saccānamThatistosay,itwasaproclamationoftheFourNobleTruths,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.”

Katamesamcatunnam?“Whatarethefour?”

Dukkhassaariya-saccassa“ItwasaproclamationoftheNobleTruthofSuffering,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.

Dukkha-samudayassaariya-saccassa....oftheNobleTruthoftheCauseofSuffering,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.

Dukkha-nirodhassaariya-saccassa....oftheNobleTruthoftheCessationofSuffering,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.

Dukkha-nirodha-gāminī-patipadāariya-saccassa....oftheNobleTruthofthePathleadingtotheCessationofSuffering,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.

TathāgatenabhikkhaveArahatāSammāSambuddhenaMonks,theTathagata.theConsummateOne,thesupremelyEnlightenedOne,BārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyein the Deer Park at Isipatana near BaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamsetrollingthematchlessWheeloftheDhamma,whichcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavāBrāhmanenavābyanyrecluse,Brahmana,DevenavāMārenavāBrahmunāvākenacivālokasmim.Deva,Mara,Brahma,orbyanyoneintheworld.

Yadidamimesamcatunnamariya-saccānamThatistosay,itwasaproclamationoftheFourNobleTruths,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.

SevethabhikkhaveSāriputtaMoggallāneMonks,cultivatethefriendshipofSāriputtaandMoggallāna,bhajathabhikkhaveSāriputtaMoggallāne.associatewithSāriputtaandMoggallāna.Panditābhikkhūanuggāhakābrahmacārīnam.Theyarewiseandhelpfultotheircompanionsintheholylife.

Seyyathā’pibhikkhavejanetti,evamSāriputtoMonks,Sāriputtaislikeamother,seyyathā’pijātassaāpādetā,evamMoggallāno.Moggallānaislikeafoster-mothertoachild.

Sāriputtobhikkhave,sattesotāpatti-phalevinetiSāriputta,monks,trainsbeingsforthefruitofstream-attainmentMoggallānouttamatthevineti.andMoggallānaforthehighestgoal(Arahantship).SāriputtobhikkhavepahoticattāriariyasaccāniSāriputta,monks,isabletoproclaim,teach,vitthārenaācikkhitum,desetum,paññāpetumdeclareanddescribe,establish,openup,patthapetum,vivaritumvibhajitumuttānīkātum’ti.analyzeandelucidatetheFourNobleTruths.”

IdamavocaBhagavā.SotheBlessedOnesaid.IdamvatvāSugatoutthāyāsanāvihārampāvisi.Havingsaidso,theSublimeOnerosefromHisseatandenteredHisabode.TatrakhoāyasmāSāriputtoThen,theVenerableSāriputtaaddressedthemonksacira-pakkantassaBhagavatobhikkhūāmantesi:soonaftertheBlessedOnehaddeparted,asfollows:Āvusobhikkhavo’ti.“Reverendfriends.”Avuso’tikhotebhikkhūāyasmatoSāriputtassapaccassosum.“Yourreverence”,themonksrepliedinassenttotheVenerableSāriputta.

ĀyasmāSāriputtoetadavoca:ThistheVenerableSāriputtasaid:TathāgatenaāvusoArahatāSammāSambuddhena“Yourreverence,theTathagata,theConsummateOne,thesupremelyEnlightenedOne,BārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyein the Deer Park at Isipatana near BaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamsetrollingthematchlessWheeloftheDhamma,whichcannotbesetinmotionsamanenavāBrāhmanenavābyanyrecluse,Brahmana,DevenavāMārenavāBrahmunāvākenacivālokasmim.Deva,Mara,Brahma,orbyanyoneintheworld.

Yadidamcatunnamariya-saccānamThatistosay,itwasaproclamationoftheFourNobleTruths,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.

Katamesamcatunnam?Whatarethefour?

Dukkhassaariya-saccassaItwasaproclamationoftheNobleTruthofSuffering,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.

Dukkha-samudayassaariya-saccassa....oftheNobleTruthoftheCauseofSuffering,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.

Dukkha-nirodhassaariya-saccassa....oftheNobleTruthoftheCessationofSuffering,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.

Dukkha-nirodha-gāminī-patipadāariya-saccassa....oftheNobleTruthofthePathleadingtotheCessationofSuffering,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.

Katamañ-cā’vusodukkhamariya-saccam?What,yourreverence,istheNobleTruthofSuffering?Jāti’pidukkhājarā’pidukkhāBirthissuffering;ageingissuffering;vyādhipidukkho,diseaseissuffering;maranam’pidukkhamdeathissuffering;soka-paridevadukkha-domanassupāyāsādukkhāsorrow,lamentation,pain,sadnessanddistressaresuffering;yam’picchamnaIabhatitam’pidukkham.notgettingwhatonedesires,thattoo,issuffering.Sankhittenapañ’cūpādāna-kkhandhādukkhā.Inshort,thefiveaggregatesofgraspingaresuffering.

Katamāc’āvusojāti?Whatisbirth?YātesamtesamsattānamtamhitamhisattanikāyeInwhateverbeings,ofwhatevergroupsofbeings,jātisañjātiokkantiabhinibbattithereistheircomingtobirth,theconception,comingintoexistence,khandhānampātubhāvoāyatanānampatilābho.themanifestationoftheaggregates,theacquisitionofthesensebases.Ayamvuccat’āvusojāti.Thisiscalledbirth.

Katamāc’āvusojarā?Whatisageing?YātesamtesamsattānamtamhitamhisattanikāyeInwhateverbeings,ofwhatevergroupsofbeings,jarājīranatākhandiccamphāliccamthereisageing,decrepitude,brokenteeth,greyhair,wrinkledskin,valittacatāāyunosamhāniindriyānamparipāko.thedwindlingofthelifespan,thedecayofthesensefaculties.Ayamvuccat’āvusojarā.Thisiscalledageing.

Katamañ-c’āvusomaranam?Whatisdeath?Yātesamtesamsattānamtamhātamhāsattanikāyā,Inwhateverbeings,ofwhatevergroupsofbeings,cuti,cavanatā,bhedo,antaradhānam,maccu-maranam,thereispassingaway,dissolution,disappearance.dying,kālakiriyā,khandhānambhedo,kalebarassanikkhepo.completionoftime,dissolutionoftheaggregatesandlayingdownofthebody.Idamvuccat’āvusomaranam.Thisiscalleddeath.

Katamoc’āvusosoko?Whatissorrow?Yokhoāvusoaññatara-ññatarenavyasanenasamannā-gatassaWhenever,byanykindofmisfortune,aññatara-ññatarena dukkha-dhammena phutthassaanyoneisaffectedbysomethingofapainfulnatureandsokosocanā’socitattamantosokoantoparisoko.thereissorrow,sorrowing,sorrowfulness,inwardsorrow,intenseinwardsorrow.Ayamvuccat’āvusosoko.Thisiscalledsorrow.

Katamoc’āvusoparidevo?Whatislamentation?Yokhoāvuso,aññatara-ññatarenavyasanenasamannā-gatassaWhenever,byanykindofmisfortune,aññatara-ññatarena dukkha-dhammena phutthassaanyoneisaffectedbysomethingofapainfulnatureandādevoparidevoādevanāparidevanāthereisthecry,thewail,thecrying,thewailing,ādevitattamparidevitattam.thestateofcryingandthestateofwailing.Ayamvuccat’āvusoparidevo.Thisiscalledlamentation.

Katamañ-c’āvusodukkham?Whatispain?Yamkhoāvuso,kāyikamdukkham,kāyikamasātamWhateverbodilypainfulfeeling,bodilyunpleasantfeeling,kāya-samphassajamdukkham,asātamvedayitam.painfulorunpleasantfeelingsresultsfrombodilycontact.Idamvuccat’āvusodukkham.Thisiscalledpain.

Katamañ-c’āvusodomanassam?Whatissadness?YamkhoāvusocetasikamdukkhamasātamWhatevermentalpainfulfeeling,mentalunpleasantfeeling,mano-samphassajamdukkham,asātamvedayitam.painfulorunpleasantfeelingresultsfrommentalcontact.Idamvuccat’āvusodomanassam.Thisiscalledsadness.

Katamoc’āvusoupāyāso?Whatisdistress?Yokhoāvuso,aññatara-ññatarenavyasanenasamannā-gatassaWhenever,byanykindofmisfortune,aññatara-ññatarena dukkha-dhammena phutthassaanyoneisaffectedbysomethingofapainfulnatureandāyāsoupāyāsoāyāsitattamupāyāsitattam.thereisdistress,greatdistress,stateofdistress,stateofgreatdistress.Ayamvuccat’āvusoupāyāso.Thisiscalleddistress.

Katamañ-c’āvusoyam’picchamnaIabhatitam’pidukkham?Whatismeantbynotgettingwhatonedesiresissuffering?

Jāti-dhammānamāvuso,sattānamevamicchāuppajjati:Inbeingssubjecttobirth,monks,thiswisharises:aho!Vatamayamnajātidhammāassāma‘Ohthatwewerenotsubjecttobirth,nacavatanojātiāgaccheyyā’ti.thatbirthmightnotcometous.’Nakhopanetamicchāyapattabbam.Butthisisnottobeobtainedbywishing.Idam’piyampi’cchamnaIabhatitam’pidukkham.Sonotgettingwhatonedesiresissuffering.

Jarā-dhammānamāvuso,sattānamevamicchāuppajjati:Inbeingssubjecttoageing,monks,thiswisharises:aho!VatamayamnajarāDhammāassāma‘Ohthatwewerenotsubjecttoageing,nacavatanojarāāgaccheyyā’ti.thatageingmightnotcometous.’Nakhopanetamicchāyapattabbam.Butthisisnottobeobtainedbywishing.Idam’piyampi’cchamnaIabhatitam’pidukkham.Sonotgettingwhatonedesiresissuffering.

Vyādhi-dhammānamāvuso,sattānamevamicchāuppajjati:Inbeingssubjecttodisease,monks,thiswisharises:aho!Vatamayamnavyādhi-dhammāassāmanacavatanovyādhiāgaccheyyā’ti.‘Ohthatwewerenotsubjecttodisease,thatdiseasemightnotcometous.’Nakhopanetamicchāyapattabbam.Butthisisnottobeobtainedbywishing.Idam’piyampi’cchamnaIabhatitam’pidukkham.Sonotgettingwhatonedesiresissuffering.

Marana-dhammānamāvuso,sattānamevamicchāuppajjati:Inbeingssubjecttodeath,monks,thiswisharises:aho!Vatamayamnamarana-dhammāassāma‘Ohthatwewerenotsubjecttodeath,nacavatanomaranamāgaccheyyā’ti.thatdeathmightnotcometous.’Nakhopanetamicchāyapattabbam.Butthisisnottobeobtainedbywishing.Idam’piyampi’cchamnaIabhatitam’pidukkham.Sonotgettingwhatonedesiresissuffering.

SokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsaInbeingssubjecttosorrow,lamentation,pain,dhammānamāvusosattānamevamicchāuppajjati:sadnessanddistress,monks,thiswisharises:aho!Vatamayamnasokaparidevadukkha‘Ohthatwewerenotsubjecttosorrow,lamentation,pain,domanassupāyāsadhammāassāmasadnessanddistress,nacavatanosokaparidevadukkhaandthatsorrow,lamentation,pain,domanassupāyāsāāgaccheyyun’ti.sadnessanddistressmightnotcometous.’Nakhopanetamicchāyapattabbam.Butthisisnottobeobtainedbywishing.Idampiyam’picchamnaIabhatitam’pidukkham.Sonotgettingwhatonedesiresissuffering.

Kataman-c’āvusosankhittenapañcū-pādāna-kkhandhādukkhā?What,inshort,arethefiveaggregatesofgraspingthataresuffering?Seyyathīdam:That is to say:rūpū-pādāna-kkhandho,theaggregateofgraspingthatisform,vedanū-pādāna-kkhandho,theaggregateofgraspingthatisfeeling,saññū-pādāna-kkhandho,theaggregateofgraspingthatisperception,sankhārū-pādāna-kkhandho,theaggregateofgraspingthatismentalformations,viññānū-pādāna-kkhandho.the aggregate of grasping that is consciousness.Imevuccant’āvusosankhittenapancū-pādāna-kkhandhādukkhā.Theseare,inshort,calledthefiveaggregatesofgraspingthataresuffering.Idamvuccat’āvusodukkhamariyasaccam.ThisiscalledtheNobleTruthofSuffering.

Katamañ-c’āvusodukkha-samudayamariyasaccam?WhatistheNobleTruthoftheCauseofSuffering?Yā’yamtanhāponobhavikāItisthatcravingwhichgivesrisetorebirth,nandirāga-sahagatātatra-tatrā-bhinandinīaccompaniedbydelightandlust,findingfreshdelightnowhere,nowthere:seyyathīdam,kāma-tanhābhava-tanhāvibhava-tanhā.thatistosay,sensualcraving,cravingforexistenceandcravingfornon-existence.Idamvuccat’āvusodukkha-samudayamariyasaccam.ThisiscalledtheNobleTruthoftheCauseofSuffering.

Katamañ-c’āvusodukkha-nirodhamariyasaccam?WhatistheNobleTruthoftheCessationofSuffering?Yotassāy’evatanhāyaasesa-virāga-nirodhoItisthecompletefadingawayandcessationofthiscraving,cāgopatinissaggomuttianālayo.it’sforsakingandabandonment,liberationfromit,detachmentfromit.Idamvuccat’āvusodukkha-nirodhamariyasaccam.ThisiscalledtheNobleTruthoftheCessationofSuffering.

Katamañ-c’āvusodukkha-nirodha-gāminī-patipadāariyasaccam?WhatistheNobleTruthofthePathleadingtotheCessationofSuffering?AyamevaariyoatthangikomaggoItistheNobleEightfoldPath,seyyathīdam:that is to say:SammāDitthi,SammāSankappo,RightUnderstanding,RightThought,SammāVācā,SammāKammanto,SammāĀjīvo,RightSpeech,RightAction,RightLivelihood,SammāVāyāmo,SammāSati,SammāSamādhi.RightEffort,RightMindfulnessandRightConcentration.

Katamāc’āvusoSammāDitthi?WhatisRightUnderstanding?Yamkhoāvuso,dukkheñānam,dukkha-samudayeñānam,Itistheknowledgeofsuffering,theknowledgeofthecauseofsuffering,dukkha-nirodheñānam,theknowledgeofthecessationofsufferinganddukkha-nirodha-gāminiyā-patipadāyañānam.theknowledgeofthepathleadingtothecessationofsuffering.Ayamvuccat’āvusoSammāDitthi.ThisiscalledRightUnderstanding.

Katamoc’āvusoSammāSankappo?WhatisRightThought?Nekkhamma-sankappo,avyāpāda-sankappo,avihimsā-sankappo.Thoughtfreefromlust,thoughtfreefromill-will,thoughtfreefromcruelty.Ayamvuccat’āvusoSammāSankappo.ThisiscalledRightThought.

Katamāc’āvusoSammāVācā?WhatisRightSpeech?Musāvādāveramanī,pisunāvācāveramanī,Refrainingfromlying,refrainingfromslandering,pharusāvācāveramanī,sampha-ppalāpāveramanī.refrainingfromharshspeech,refrainingfromvaintalk.Ayamvuccat’āvusoSammāVācā.ThisiscalledRightSpeech.

Katamoc’āvusoSammāKammanto?WhatisRightAction?Pānātipātāveramanī,adinnādānāveramanī,Refrainingfromtakinglife,refrainingfromtakingwhatisnotgiven,kāmesumicchācārāveramanī.refrainingfromsexualmisconduct.Ayamvuccat’āvusoSammāKammanto.ThisiscalledRightAction.

Katamoc’āvusoSammāĀjīvo?WhatisRightLivelihood?IdhāvusoariyasāvakomicchāājīvampahāyaHere,monks,aNobledisciple,havingabandonedwronglivelihood,Sammā-ājīvenajīvikamkappeti.earnshislivingbyRightLivelihood.Ayamvuccat’āvusoSammāĀjīvo.ThisiscalledRightLivelihood.

Katamoc'āvusoSammāVāyāmo?WhatisRightEffort?Idh’āvusobhikkhū,anuppan-nānampāpakānamHereinamonkarouseszealakusalānamdhammānamanuppādāyatopreventthearisingofunarisenevilunwholesomestates,chandamjaneti,vāyamati,viriyamārabhati,andwithdetermination,hemakeseffort,arousesenergy,cittampagganhātipadahati.exertshismindandstrives.

Uppannānampāpakānam,akusalānamdhammānampahānāyaHearouseszealfortheabandoningofarisenevilunwholesomestates,chandamjaneti,vāyamati,viriyamārabhati,andwithdetermination,hemakeseffort,arousesenergy,cittampagganhātipadahati.exertshismindandstrives.

AnuppannānamkusalānamdhammānamuppādāyaHearouseszealtodevelopunarisenwholesomestates,chandamjaneti,vāyamati,viriyamārabhati,andwithdetermination,hemakeseffort,arousesenergy,cittampagganhātipadahati.exertshismindandstrives.

Uppannānamkusalānamdhammānamthitiyā,Hearouseszealforthecontinuance,maintainingofarisenwholesomestates,asammo-sāya,bhiyyo-bhāvāya,bystrengthening,increasingvepullāya,bhāvanāyapāripūriyā,andbringthemtomaturity,development,completion,chandamjaneti,vāyamati,viriyamārabhati,andwithdetermination,hemakeseffort,arousesenergy,cittampagganhātipadahati.exertshismindandstrives.Ayamvuccat’āvusoSammāVāyāmo.ThisiscalledRightEffort.

Katamāc'āvusoSammāSati?WhatisRightMindfulness?Idh’āvusobhikkhūkāyekāyānupassīviharatiHere,monks,amonkabidescontemplatingbodyasbody,ātāpīsampajāno,satimā,vineyyalokeabhijjhā-domanassam.ardent,clearlyawareandmindful,havingputasidehankeringandfrettingfortheworld.Vedanāsuvedanā-nupassīviharatiHeabidescontemplatingfeelingsasfeelings,ardent,clearlyawareātāpīsampajāno,satimā,vineyyalokeabhijjhādomanassam.andmindful,havingputasidehankeringandfrettingfortheworld.CittecittānupassīviharatiHeabidescontemplatingmindasmind,ardent,clearlyawareandmindful,ātāpīsampajāno,satimā,vineyyalokeabhijjhā-domanassam.havingputasidehankeringandfrettingfortheworld.

DhammesudhammānupassīviharatiHeabidescontemplatingmind-objectsasmind-objects,ardent,ātāpīsampajāno,satimā,vineyyalokeabhijjhā-domanassam.clearlyawareandmindful,havingputasidehankeringandfrettingfortheworld.Ayamvuccat’āvusoSammāSati.ThisiscalledRightMindfulness.

Katamoc’āvusoSammāSamādhi?WhatisRightConcentration?Idh’āvusobhikkhūviviccevakāmehiHere,amonk,secludedfromsensualpleasures,viviccaakusalehidhammehidetachedfromunwholesomethoughts,savitakkam,savicāramvivekajam,entersandabidesintheFirstJhana,accompaniedbyappliedandsustainedthought(initialapplicationandsustainedapplication),pītisukham,pathamajjhānamupasampajjaviharati.withraptureandhappinessbornofseclusion.

Vitakka-vicārānamvūpasamāajjhattamsampasādanamWiththestillingofappliedandsustainedthought,cetasoekodi-bhāvamsinglenessandunification(ofthemind);avitakkam,avicāram,samādhijampītisukhamdevoidofappliedandsustainedthought,withraptureandpleasurebornofconcentrationdutiyajjhānamupasampajjaviharatiheentersandabidesintheSecondJhana,pītiyācavirāgāupekkhakocaviharati.filledwithrapture,whichisinnerequanimity.

SatocasampajānosukkhamcakāyenapatisamvedetiAndwiththefadingawayofrapture,remainingimperturbable,yantamariyāācikkhantiupekkhakosatimāsukhavihārī’timindfulandclearlyaware,heexperiencesinhimselftheequanimityofwhichtheNobleOnesay:tatiyajjhānamupasampajjaviharati.“Happyishewhodwellswithequanimityandmindfulness”,heenterstheThirdJhana.

Sukhassacapahānā,dukkhassacapahānā,Withtheabandoningofpleasureandpain,pubbe’vasomanassadomanassānamatthangamāandwiththepreviousdisappearanceofjoyandgrief;adukkhamasukham,upekkhāsati-pārisuddhimbeyondpleasureandpain,purifiedbyequanimityandmindfulness,catutthajjhānamupasampajjaviharati.heentersandremainsintheFourthJhana.Ayamvuccat’āvusoSammāSamādhi.ThisiscalledRightConcentration.

Idamvuccat’āvusoThisiscalledtheNobleTruthofthePathdukkha-nirodha-gāminī-patipadāariya-saccam.leadingtotheCessationofSuffering.

Tathāgatenaāvuso,ArahatāSammāSambuddhenaYourreverence,theTathagata,theConsummateOne,thesupremelyEnlightenedOne,BārānasiyamIsipataneMigadāyein the Deer Park at Isipatana near BaranasianuttaramDhammacakkampavattitamappativattiyamsetrollingthematchlessWheeloftheDhamma,whichcannotsetinmotionsamanenavāBrāhmanenavābyanyrecluse,Brahmana,DevenavāMārenavāBrahmunāvākenacivāIokasmim’ti.Deva,Mara,Brahma,orbyanyoneintheworld.

Yadidamimesamcatunnamariya-saccānamThatistosay,itwasaproclamationoftheFourNobleTruths,ācikkhanādesanāpaññapanāpatthapanābywayoftelling,teaching,declaringanddescribing,establishing,vivaranāvibhajanāuttānīkammam’ti.openingup,analysingandelucidatingthem.”

Idamavoc’āyasmāSāriputtoThustheVenerableSāriputtaspoke,attamanātebhikkhūāyasmatoandthemonks,gladatheart,Sāriputtassabhāsitamabhinandun’ti.weredelightedinthewordsoftheVenerableSāriputta.

ĀTĀNĀTIYA SUTTATheĀtānātiyaDiscourse

1.Evammesutam:Thus I have heard: ekamsamayamBhagavāRājagaheviharatiGijjhakūtepabbate.atonetimetheBlessedOnewasdwellingnearRājagahaontheVultures’Peakmountain. AthakhoCattāroMahārājā,ThentheFourGreatKings,mahatiyācayakkhasenāya,mahatiyācagandhabbasenāya,withagreatarmyofyakkhas,withagreatarmyofgandhabbas,mahatiyācakumbhandasenāya,mahatiyācanāgasenāya,withagreatarmyofkumbhandas,withagreatarmyofnagas,catuddisamrakkhamthapetvā,catuddisamgumbamthapetvā,havingsetupaprotectionoverthefourquarters,havingsetserriedtroopsatthefourdirections,catuddisamovaranamthapetvā,abhikkantāyarattiyā,havingsetupabarricadeatthefourdirections,attheendofthenight,abhikkantavannākevalakappamGijjhakūtamobhāsetvā,havinglitupthewholeofVultures’Peakwiththeirsurpassingbeauty,yenaBhagavātenupasamkamimsu,upasamkamitvāapproachedtheBlessedOne,andafterapproachingBhagavantamabhivādetvā,ekamantamnisīdimsu.andworshippingtheBlessedOne,theysatdownononeside.

2.Tepikhoyakkhā,Thenofthoseyakkhas,appekacceBhagavantamabhivādetvāekamantamnisīdimsu.some,afterworshippingtheBlessedOne,satdownononeside.AppekacceBhagavatāsaddhimsammodimsu,SomeexchangedgreetingswiththeBlessedOne,sammodanīyamkathamsārānīyamvītisāretvā,ekamantamnisīdimsu.andafterexchangingpoliteandcourteousgreetings,satdownononeside.AppekacceyenaBhagavātenañjalimpanāmetvā,ekamantamnisīdimsu.Some,afterraisingtheirhandsinrespectfulsalutationtotheBlessedOne,satdownononeside.Appekaccenāmagottamsāvetvā,ekamantamnisīdimsu.Some,afterannouncingtheirnameandfamily,satdownononeside.Appekaccetunhībhūtāekamantamnisīdimsu.Some,whilekeepingsilent,satdownononeside.EkamantamnisinnokhoVessavanoMahārājāBhagavantametadavoca:Then,whilesittingononeside,theGreatKingVessavanasaidthistotheBlessedOne:

3.SantihibhanteulārāyakkhāBhagavatoappasannā,“Thereare,VenerableSir,somehighrankingyakkhaswhoarenotpleasedwiththeBlessedOne,santihibhanteulārāyakkhāBhagavatopasannā,thereare,VenerableSir,somehighrankingyakkhaswhoarepleasedwiththeBlessedOne,

santihibhantemajjhimāyakkhāBhagavatoappasannā,thereare,VenerableSir,somemiddlerankingyakkhaswhoarenotpleasedwiththeBlessedOne,santihibhantemajjhimāyakkhāBhagavatopasannā,thereare,VenerableSir,somemiddlerankingyakkhaswhoarepleasedwiththeBlessedOne,santihibhantenīcāyakkhāBhagavatoappasannā,thereare,VenerableSir,somelowrankingyakkhaswhoarenotpleasedwiththeBlessedOne,santihibhantenīcāyakkhāBhagavatopasannā.thereare,VenerableSir,somelowrankingyakkhaswhoarepleasedwiththeBlessedOne.

4.YebhuyyenakhopanabhanteyakkhāappasannāyevaBhagavato.But,VenerableSir,almostalloftheyakkhasarenotpleasedwiththeBlessedOne.Tam kissa hetu? Whatisthereasonforthat?BhagavāhibhantepānātipātāveramaniyāDhammamdeseti,Because,VenerableSir,theBlessedOnepreachestheDhammaofrefrainingfromkillinglivingcreatures,adinnādānāveramaniyāDhammamdeseti,preachestheDhammaofrefrainingfromtakingwhathasnotbeengiven,kāmesumicchācārāveramaniyāDhammamdeseti,preachestheDhammaofrefrainingfromsexualmisconduct,musāvādāveramaniyāDhammamdeseti,preachestheDhammaofrefrainingfromfalsespeech,surāmerayamajjapamādatthānāveramaniyāDhammamdeseti.preachestheDhammaofrefrainingfromliquor,wines,orintoxicantswhichcauseheedlessness.

5.Yebhuyyenakhopanabhanteyakkhāappativiratāyevapānātipātā,But,VenerableSir,almostalloftheyakkhasdonotrefrainfromkillinglivingcreatures,appativiratāadinnādānā,donotrefrainfromtakingwhathasnotbeengiven,appativiratākāmesumicchācārā,donotrefrainfromsexualmisconduct,appativiratāmusāvādā,donotrefrainfromfalsespeech,appativiratāsurāmerayamajjapamādatthānā.donotrefrainfromliquors,wines,orintoxicantswhichcauseheedlessness.Tesamtamhotiappiyamamanāpam.Tothemthatisneitherdearnorappealing.

6.SantihibhanteBhagavatosāvakāaraññe,Thereare,VenerableSir,disciplesoftheBlessedOneinthewilderness,vanapatthānipantānisenāsanānipatisevanti,whoarepractisinginremotejungledwellingplaces,appasaddāni,appanigghosāni,vijana-vātāni,wherethereislittlesound,littlenoise,whichhavealonelyatmosphere,manussarāhaseyyakāni,patisallānasāruppāni.lyinghiddenawayfrommen,whicharesuitableforseclusion.TatthasantiulārāyakkhānivāsinoAndtherearehighrankingyakkhassettledthereyeimasmimBhagavatopāvacaneappasannā.whoarenotpleasedwiththewordsoftheBlessedOne.

7.TesampasādāyaugganhātubhanteBhagavā‘Ātānātiyam’rakkham,Topleasethem,VenerableSir,maytheBlessedOneallowthis‘Ātānātiya’protection,bhikkhūnam,bhikkhunīnam,upāsakānam,upāsikānam,forthemonks’,nuns’,laymen’s,andlaywomen’sguttiyā,rakkhāya,avihimsāya,phāsu-vihārāyāti.guard,protection,freedomfromharm,andcomfortableliving.”

8.AdhivāsesiBhagavātunhībhāvena.TheBlessedOnebykeepingsilentgaveconsent.AthakhoVessavanoMahārājāBhagavatoadhivāsanamviditvāThentheGreatKingVessavanahavingunderstoodtheBlessedOne’sconsenttāyamvelāyamimam‘Ātānātiyam’rakkhamabhāsi:onthatoccasionrecitedthis‘Ātānātiya’protection:

9.Vipassissanamatthu—Cakkhumantassasirīmato,“MayyourevereVipassī—thegloriousVisionary,Sikhissapinamatthu—Sabbabhūtānukampino,mayyourevereSikhī—whohaspityonallbeings,Vessabhussanamatthu—Nahātakassatapassino,mayyourevereVessabhū—theaustereone,cleansed(ofcorruptions),NamatthuKakusandhassa—Mārasenāpamaddino,mayyourevereKakusandha—whohascrushedMara’sarmy,Konāgamanassanamatthu—Brāhmanassavusīmato,mayyourevereKonāgamana—theaccomplishedbrahmin,Kassapassanamatthu—Vippamuttassasabbadhi.mayyourevereKassapa—whoisfreeineveryrespect.Angīrasassanamatthu—Sakyaputtassasirīmato,MayyourevereAngīrasa—theglorioussonoftheSakyans,YoimamDhammamadesesi—Sabbadukkhāpanūdanam.hewhopreachedthisDhamma—whichisthedispellingofallsuffering.

10.Yecāpinibbutāloke—Yathābhūtamvipassisum,Thosewhoareemancipatedintheworld—whohaveinsight(intothings)astheyare,Tejanāapisunā—Mahantāvītasāradā,thosepeoplefreefrommaliciousspeech—whoaregreatandfullymature,Hitamdevamanussānam—YamnamassantiGotamam,theywillreverethatGotamawhoisofbenefittogodsandmen,Vijjācaranasampannam—Mahantamvītasāradam.whohasunderstandingandgoodconduct—whoisgreatandfullymature.

11.Yatouggacchatīsuriyo—Ādiccomandalīmahā,Fromwherethesuncomesup—thesonofAditi,thegreatcircle,Yassacuggacchamānassa—Samvarīpinirujjhati,whilethatoneiscomingup—thedarknessofnightcomestoanend,Yassacuggatesuriye—Divasotipavuccati,andafterthesunhascomeup—itissaidtobethedaytime,Rahadopitatthagambhīro—Samuddosaritodako,thereisadeeplakeinthatplace—anoceanwherethewatershaveflowed,Evamnamtatthajānanti—Samuddosaritodako,thusinthatplacetheyknowthereis—anoceanwherethewatershaveflowed,

ItosāPurimādisā—Itinamācikkhatījano.fromherethatistheEasterlydirection—sothepeopledeclare.Yamdisamabhipāleti—Mahārājāyasassiso,Thatdirectioniswatchedover—byaresplendentGreatKing,Gandhabbānamādhipati—Dhataratthoitināmaso.heistheMasterofthegandhabbas—Dhatarattha,suchishisname.Ramatīnaccagītehi—Gandhabbehipurakkhato,Hedelightsinsonganddance—heishonouredbygandhabbas,Puttāpitassabahavo—Ekanāmātimesutam,healsohasagreatmanysons—allofonename,soIhaveheard,Asītimdasaekoca—Indanāmāmahabbalā,theyareeightyandtenandone—Indabyname,onesofgreatstrength,TecāpiBuddhamdisvāna—Buddhamādiccabandhunam,they,havingseentheAwakenedOne—theBuddha,Kinsmanofthesun,Dūratovanamassanti—Mahantamvītasāradam:fromafar,doreverencehim—whoisgreatandfullymature:Namotepurisājañña!—Namotepurisuttama!‘Reverencetoyou,Excellentone!—Reverencetoyou,Supremeone!’

12.Kusalenasamekkhasi,amanussāpitamvandanti,Youhavelookedonuswithgoodness,thenon-humanbeingsworshipyou,sutamnetamabhinhaso,tasmāevamvademase:wehaveheardthisrepeatedly,thereforeweshouldspeaklikethis:JinamvandathaGotamam,JinamvandāmaGotamam,‘YoushouldworshipthevictorGotama,weshouldworshipthevictorGotama,vijjācaranasampannam,BuddhamvandāmaGotamam!whohasunderstandingandgoodconduct,weshouldworshiptheBuddhaGotama!’

13.Yenapetāpavuccanti—Pisunāpitthimamsikā,Theretheysay(go)thePetas—whospeakmaliciously,backbiters,Pānātipātinoluddā—Corānekatikājanā,killersofcreatures,hunters—thieves,andfraudulentpeople,ItosāDakkhinādisā—Itinamācikkhatījano.fromherethatistheSoutherlydirection—sothepeopledeclare.Yamdisamabhipāleti—Mahārājāyasassiso,Thatdirectioniswatchedover—byaresplendentGreatKing,Kumbhandānamādhipati—Virūlhoitināmaso.heistheMasterofthekumbhandhas—Virūlha,suchishisname.Ramatīnaccagītehi—Kumbhandehipurakkhato,Hedelightsinsonganddance—heishonouredbykumbhandhas,Puttāpitassabahavo—Ekanāmātimesutam,healsohasagreatmanysons—allofonename,soIhaveheard,Asītimdasaekoca—Indanāmāmahabbalā,theyareeightyandtenandone—Indabyname,onesofgreatstrength,TecāpiBuddhamdisvāna—Buddhamādiccabandhunam,they,havingseentheAwakenedOne—theBuddha,Kinsmanofthesun,Dūratovanamassanti—Mahantamvītasāradam:fromafar,doreverencehim—whoisgreatandfullymature:Namotepurisājañña!—Namotepurisuttama!‘Reverencetoyou,Excellentone!—Reverencetoyou,Supremeone!’

15.Yatthacoggacchatisuriyo—Ādiccomandalīmahā,Thatplacewherethesungoesdown—thesonofAditi,thegreatcircle,Yassacoggacchamānassa—Divasopinirujjhati,whilethatoneisgoingdown—thelightofdaycomestoanend,Yassacoggatesuriye—Samvarītipavuccati,andafterthesunhasgonedown—itissaidtobenight-time,Rahadopitatthagambhīro—Samuddosaritodako,thereisadeeplakeinthatplace—anoceanwherethewatershaveflowed,Evamnamtatthajānanti—Samuddosaritodako,thusinthatplacetheyknowthereis—anoceanwherethewatershaveflowed,ItosāPacchimādisā—Itinamācikkhatījano.fromherethatistheWesterlydirection—sothepeopledeclare.Yamdisamabhipāleti—Mahārājāyasassiso,Thatdirectioniswatchedover—byaresplendentGreatKing,Nāgānamādhipati—Virūpakkhoitināmaso.heistheMasterofthenagas—Virūpakkha,suchishisname.Ramatīnaccagītehi—Nāgehipurakkhato,Hedelightsinsonganddance—heishonouredbynagas,Puttāpitassabahavo—Ekanāmātimesutam,healsohasagreatmanysons—allofonename,soIhaveheard,Asītimdasaekoca—Indanāmāmahabbalā,theyareeightyandtenandone—Indabyname,onesofgreatstrength,TecāpiBuddhamdisvāna—Buddhamādiccabandhunam,they,havingseentheAwakenedOne—theBuddha,Kinsmanofthesun,Dūratovanamassanti—Mahantamvītasāradam:fromafar,doreverencehim—whoisgreatandfullymature:Namotepurisājañña!—Namotepurisuttama!‘Reverencetoyou,Excellentone!—Reverencetoyou,Supremeone!’

17.YenaUttarakurūrammā—Mahāmerusudassano,WheredelightfulUttarakuruis—andthegoodlookingMountMeru,Manussātatthajāyanti—Amamāapariggahā.themenwhoareborninthatplace—areunselfish,withoutpossessions.Natebījampavapanti—Napinīyantinangalā,Theydonotsowtheseed—andnorarethereploughsledalong,Akatthapākimamsālim—Paribhuñjantimānusā,thericethatmenenjoytheuseoftherematuresinuntilledground,Akanamathusamsuddham—Sugandhamtandulapphalam,withouthuskpowderorchaff,pure—sweetsmellinggrainsofthefinestrice,Tundikīrepacitvāna—Tatobhuñjantibhojanam.havingcookeditonhotrocks(withoutsmoke)—theythenenjoytheirfood.

18.Gāvimekakhuramkatvā—Anuyantidisodisam,Havingmadetheircowssolid-hooved—theygoaboutfromplacetoplace,Pasumekakhuramkatvā—Anuyantidisodisam,havingmadetheirkinesolid-hooved—theygoaboutfromplacetoplace,Itthivāhanamkatvā—Anuyantidisodisam,havingmadewomentheirvehicle—theygoaboutfromplacetoplace,Purisavāhanamkatvā—Anuyantidisodisam,havingmadementheirvehicle—theygoaboutfromplacetoplace,Kumārivāhanamkatvā—Anuyantidisodisam,havingmadegirlstheirvehicle—theygoaboutfromplacetoplace,Kumāravāhanamkatvā—Anuyantidisodisam.havingmadeboystheirvehicle—theygoaboutfromplacetoplace.

TeyāneabhirūhitvāHavingmountedtheir(various)carriages,sabbādisāanupariyanti,pacārātassarājino.themessengersofthatKinggoaroundinalldirections.

19.Hatthiyānamassayānam—Dibbamyānamupatthitam.Beingfurnishedwithelephantandhorse-anddivine-carriages.Pāsādāsivikāceva—Mahārājassayasassino,AndforthatGreatandresplendentKingtherearepalacesandpalanquins,Tassacanagarāahū—Antalikkhesumāpitā:andtherearecitiesforhimalso—thatarewellbuiltintheheavens(called):Ātānātā,Kusinātā,Parakusinātā,Nātapuriyā,Parakusitanātā.Ātānātā,Kusinātā,Parakusinātā,Nātapuriyā,Parakusitanātā.UttarenaKapīvanto,Janogham-aparenaca,TotheNorthisKapīvanta,andontheothersideisJanogha,Navanavatiyo,Ambaraambaravatiyo,Ālakamandānāmarājadhāni.Navanavatiya,Ambara-ambaravatiya,andtheking’scapitalnamedĀlakamandā.KuverassakhopanamārisaMahārājassaVisānānāmarājadhāni,TheGreatKingKuvera’scapital,dearSir,isnamedVisānā,tasmāKuveroMahārājāVessavanotipavuccati.thereforeistheGreatKingalsocalledVessavana.

20.Paccesantopakāsenti:Tatolā,Tattalā,Tatotalā,Theseeachindividuallyinform(theKing):Tatolā,Tattalā,Tatotalā,Ojasi,Tejasi,Tatojasi,Sūro,Rājā,Arittho,Nemi.Ojasi,Tejasi,Tatojasi,Sūra,Rājā,Arittha,Nemi.RahadopitatthaDharanīnāma,Thereisalakeinthatplacealso,namedDharanī,yatomeghāpavassanti,vassāyatopatāyanti.andfromtherethecloudsraindown,fromtheretherainsspread.SabhāpitatthaBhagalavatīnāmayatthayakkhāpayirupāsanti.TherealsoisthepublichallnamedBhagalavatīwheretheyakkhasassemble.

21.Tatthaniccaphalārukkhā—Nānādvijaganāyutā,Therethetreesarealwaysinfruit—andhaveacrowdofbirdsofdiversekinds,Mayurakoñcābhirudā—Kokilābhihivaggubhi,resoundingwithpeacocksandhens—andalsowiththelovelycuckoos,Jīvamjīvakasaddettha—Athootthavacittakā,thereisthepheasantwhocallsout“liveon!”—andthebirdwhocallsout“liftupyourminds!”,Kukutthakākulīrakā—Vanepokkhara-sātakā,therearethejunglefowl,andgoldencocks—andinthewoodthelotuscrane,Sukasālikasaddettha—Dandamānavakānica,therearethesoundsofparrotandmynah—andbirdswhohaveyoungmens’faces,Sobhatisabbakālamsā—Kuveranalinīsadā,andKuvera’slotuspondiseverattractive,allofthetime,ItosāUttarādisā—Itinamācikkhatījano.fromherethatistheNortherlydirection—sothepeopledeclare.Yamdisamabhipāleti—Mahārājāyasassiso,Thatdirectioniswatchedover—byaresplendentGreatKing,Yakkhānamādhipati—Kuveroitināmaso.heistheMasteroftheyakkhas—Kuvera,suchishisname.Ramatīnaccagītehi—Yakkhehipurakkhato,Hedelightsinsonganddance—heishonouredbyyakkhas,Puttāpitassabahavo—Ekanāmātimesutam,healsohasagreatmanysons—allofonename,soIhaveheard,Asītimdasaekoca—Indanāmāmahabbalā,theyareeightyandtenandone—Indabyname,onesofgreatstrength,TecāpiBuddhamdisvāna—Buddhamādiccabandhunam,they,havingseentheAwakenedOne—theBuddha,Kinsmanofthesun,Dūratovanamassanti—Mahantamvītasāradam:fromafar,doreverencehim—whoisgreatandfullymature:Namotepurisājañña!—Namotepurisuttama!‘Reverencetoyou,Excellentone!—Reverencetoyou,Supremeone!’

22.Kusalenasamekkhasi,amanussāpitamvandanti,Youhavelookedonuswithgoodness,thenon-humanbeingsworshipyou,sutamnetamabhinhaso,tasmāevamvademase:wehaveheardthisrepeatedly,thereforeweshouldspeaklikethis:JinamvandathaGotamamJinamvandāmaGotamam,‘YoushouldworshipthevictorGotama,weshouldworshipthevictorGotama,vijjācaranasampannam,BuddhamvandāmaGotamam!tiwhohasunderstandingandgoodconduct,weshouldworshiptheBuddhaGotama!’

23.Ayamkhosāmārisa‘Ātānātiya’rakkhā,This,dearSir,isthe‘Ātānātiya’protection,bhikkhūnam,bhikkhunīnam,upāsakānam,upāsikānam,forthemonks’,nuns’,laymen’s,andlaywomen’sguttiyā,rakkhāya,avihimsāya,phāsu-vihārāyāti.guard,protection,freedomfromharm,andcomfortableliving.

24.Yassakassacimārisa,bhikkhussavābhikkhuniyāvāWhoever,dearSir,betheymonkornunupāsakassavāupāsikāyavā,ayam‘Ātānātiya’rakkhāsuggahitā,orlaymanorlaywoman,learnsthis‘Ātānātiya’protectionwell,bhavissatisamattāpariyāputā,tañceamanussoandwillmasteritinitsentirety,thenifanon-humanbeing-yakkhovāyakkhinīvāyakkhapotakovābetheymaleyakkhaorfemaleyakkhaoryakkhaboyyakkhapotikāvāyakkhamahāmattovāoryakkhagirloryakkhaministeryakkhapārisajjovāyakkhapacārovāoryakkhacouncillororyakkhamessengergandhabbovāgandhabbīvāgandhabbapotakovāormalegandhabbaorfemalegandhabbaorgandhabbaboygandhabbapotikāvāgandhabbamahāmattovāorgandhabbagirlorgandhabbaministergandhabbapārisajjovāgandhabbapacārovāorgandhabbacouncillororgandhabbamessengerkumbhandovākumbhandīvākumbhandapotakovāormalekumbhandaorfemalekumbhandaorkumbhandaboykumbhandapotikāvākumbhandamahāmattovāorkumbhandagirlorkumbhandaministerkumbhandapārisajjovākumbhandapacārovāorkumbhandacouncillororkumbhandamessengernāgovānāginīvānāgapotakovāormalenagaorfemalenagaornagaboynāgapotikāvānāgamahāmattovāornagagirlornagaministernāgapārisajjovānāgapacārovā-ornagacouncillorornagamessenger-padutthacittogacchantamvāanugaccheyya,thitamvāupatittheyya,withawickedmindcomenearwhiletheyaregoing,orstandnearwhiletheyarestanding,nisinnamvāupanisīdeyya,nipannamvāupanipajjeyya.orsitnearwhiletheyaresitting,orlienearwhiletheyarelying,Namesomārisaamanussolabheyyathenthatnon-humanbeing,dearSir,wouldnotreceivegāmesuvānigamesuvāsakkāramvāgarukāramvā.inmyvillagesandtowns,honourorrespect.

25.NamesomārisaamanussolabheyyaThatnon-humanbeing,dearSir,wouldnotreceiveĀlakamandāyarājadhāniyāvatthumvāvāsamvā.inmyroyalcityĀlakamandā,groundordwelling.NamesomārisaamanussolabheyyaThatnon-humanbeing,dearSir,wouldnotbeableyakkhānamsamitimgantum.to go to the gathering of the yakkhas. ApissunammārisaamanussāFurther,dearSir,non-humanbeingsanavayhampinamkareyyumavivayham.wouldnotgiveortakehiminmarriage.ApissunammārisaamanussāFurther,dearSir,non-humanbeingsattāhipiparipunnāhiparibhāsāhiparibhāseyyum.wouldabusehimwithverypersonalabuse.ApissunammārisaamanussāFurther,dearSir,non-humanbeingsrittampipattamsīsenikkujjeyyum.woulddropanemptybowloverhishead.ApissunammārisaamanussāFurther,dearSir,non-humanbeingssattadhāpissamuddhamphāleyyum.wouldsplithisheadintosevenpieces.

26.Santihimārisaamanussācandā,ruddā,rabhasā,Therearenon-humanbeings,dearSir,whoarefierce,cruel,andviolent,tenevaMahārājānamādiyanti,theydonottakenoticeoftheGreatKings,naMahārājānampurisakānamādiyanti,theydonottakenoticeoftheGreatKings’men,naMahārājānampurisakānampurisakānamādiyanti,theydonottakenoticeoftheGreatKings’mens’men,tekhotemārisaamanussāMahārājānamavaruddhānāmavuccanti.andthosenon-humanbeings,dearSir,aresaidtobeinrevoltagainsttheGreatKings.

27.SeyyathāpimārisaraññoMāgadhassavijitecorā,Justas,dearSir,therearethievesintheKingofMāgadha’srealm,tenevaraññoMāgadhassaādiyanti,whodonottakenoticeoftheKingofMāgadha,naraññoMāgadhassapurisakānamādiyanti,whodonottakenoticeoftheKingofMāgadha’smen,naraññoMāgadhassapurisakānampurisakānamādiyanti,whodonottakenoticeoftheKingofMāgadha’smens’men,tekhotemārisamahācorā,andthosegreatthieves,dearSir,raññoMāgadhassaavaruddhānāmavuccanti.aresaidtobeinrevoltagainsttheKingofMāgadha.

28.Evamevakhomārisasantihiamanussācandā,ruddā,rabhasā,Evenso,dearSir,therearenon-humanbeingswhoarefierce,cruel,andviolent,tenevaMahārājānamādiyanti,theydonottakenoticeoftheGreatKings,naMahārājānampurisakānamādiyanti,theydonottakenoticeoftheGreatKings’men,naMahārājānampurisakānampurisakānamādiyanti,theydonottakenoticeoftheGreatKings’mens’men,tekhotemārisaamanussāMahārājānamavaruddhānāmavuccanti.andthosenon-humanbeings,dearSir,aresaidtobeinrevoltagainsttheGreatKings.

29.Yohikocimārisaamanusso-Now,dearSir,whatevernon-humanbeings-yakkhovāyakkhinīvāyakkhapotakovābetheymaleyakkhaorfemaleyakkhaoryakkhaboyyakkhapotikāvāyakkhamahāmattovāoryakkhagirloryakkhaministeryakkhapārisajjovāyakkhapacārovāoryakkhacouncillororyakkhamessengergandhabbovāgandhabbīvāgandhabbapotakovāormalegandhabbaorfemalegandhabbaorgandhabbaboygandhabbapotikāvāgandhabbamahāmattovāorgandhabbagirlorgandhabbaministergandhabbapārisajjovāgandhabbapacārovāorgandhabbacouncillororgandhabbamessengerkumbhandovākumbhandīvākumbhandapotakovāormalekumbhandaorfemalekumbhandaorkumbhandaboykumbhandapotikāvākumbhandamahāmattovāorkumbhandagirlorkumbhandaministerkumbhandapārisajjovākumbhandapacārovāorkumbhandacouncillororkumbhandamessengernāgovānāginīvānāgapotakovāormalenagaorfemalenagaornagaboynāgapotikāvānāgamahāmattovāornagagirlornagaministernāgapārisajjovānāgapacārovā-ornagacouncillorornagamessenger-padutthacittobhikkhumvābhikkhunimvāupāsakamvāupāsikamvā,withawickedmindshouldcomenearamonkoranunoralaymanoralaywomangacchantamvāanugaccheyya,thitamvāupatittheyya,whiletheyaregoing,orstandnearwhiletheyarestanding,nisinnamvāupanisīdeyya,nipannamvāupanipajjeyya.orsitnearwhiletheyaresitting,orlienearwhiletheyarelying,imesamyakkhānammahāyakkhānamthentotheseyakkhas,greatyakkhas,senāpatīnammahāsenāpatīnam,generals,greatgenerals,ujjhāpetabbam,vikkanditabbam,viravitabbam:oneshouldcallout,oneshouldshoutout,oneshouldcryout:

Ayamyakkhoganhāti,ayamyakkhoāvisati,‘Thisyakkhahasseizedme,thisyakkhahasgrabbedme,ayamyakkhohetheti,ayamyakkhovihetheti,thisyakkhaannoysme,thisyakkhaharassesme,ayamyakkhohimsati,ayamyakkhovihimsati,thisyakkhahurtsme,thisyakkhainjuresme,ayamyakkhonamuñcatīti.thisyakkhawillnotreleaseme.’

30.Katamesamyakkhānam,mahāyakkhānam,Towhichyakkhas,greatyakkhas,senāpatīnammahāsenāpatīnam?generalsandgreatgenerals?

31.Indo,Somo,Varunoca—Bhāradvājo,Pajāpatī,Inda,Soma,andVaruna—Bhāradvāja,Pajāpatī,Candano,Kāmasetthoca—Kinnughandu,Nighanduca,Candana,andKāmasettha—Kinnughandu,andNighandu,Panādo,Opamaññoca—DevasūtocaMātalī.Panāda,andOpamañña—andMātali,thegods’charioteer.Cittasenocagandhabbo—NalorājāJanesabho,ThegandhabbasCittaandSena—thekingsNalaandJanesabha,Sātāgiro,Hemavato—Punnako,Karatiyo,Gulo,Sātāgira,Hemavata—Punnaka,Karatiya,Gula,Sīvako,Mucalindoca—Vessāmitto,Yugandharo,Sīvaka,andMucalinda—Vessāmitta,Yugandhara,Gopālo,Suppagedhoca—HirinettīcaMandiyo,Gopāla,andSuppagedha—Hirinetti,andMandiya,PañcālacandoĀlavako—PajjunoSumanoSumukhoDadhīmukho,PañcālacandaĀlavaka—Pajjuna,Sumana,Sumukha,Dadhīmukha,Mani,Māni,Caro,Dīgho—AthoSerissakosahaMani,Māni,Cara,Dīgha—togetherwithSerissaka-imesamyakkhānammahāyakkhānam,thentotheseyakkhas,greatyakkhas,senāpatīnammahāsenāpatīnam,generalsandgreatgenerals,ujjhāpetabbam,vikkanditabbam,viravitabbam:oneshouldcallout,oneshouldshoutout,oneshouldcryout:Ayamyakkhoganhāti,ayamyakkhoāvisati,‘Thisyakkhahasseizedme,thisyakkhahasgrabbedme,ayamyakkhohetheti,ayamyakkhovihetheti,thisyakkhaannoysme,thisyakkhaharassesme,ayamyakkhohimsati,ayamyakkhovihimsati,thisyakkhahurtsme,thisyakkhainjuresme,ayamyakkhonamuñcatīti.thisyakkhawillnotreleaseme.’

33.Handacadānimayammārisagacchāma,Andnow,dearSir,weshallgo,bahukiccāmayambahukaranīyāti.aswehavemanyduties,andthereismuchwhichoughttobedone.”YassadānitumheMahārājānokālammaññathāti.“NowisthetimeforwhateveryouGreatKingsarethinking.”

34.AthakhoCattāroMahārājāutthāyāsanāBhagavantamThentheFourGreatKingsrosefromtheirseatsandafterabhivādetvāpadakkhinamkatvā,tatthevantaradhāyimsu.worshippingandcircumbulatingtheBlessedOne,vanishedrightthere. 35.TepikhoyakkhāutthāyāsanāappekacceBhagavantamThensomeyakkhasrosefromtheirseatsandafterabhivādetvāpadakkhinamkatvā,tatthevantaradhāyimsu.worshippingandcircumbulatingtheBlessedOne,vanishedrightthere.AppekacceBhagavatāsaddhimsammodimsu,sammodanīyamSomeexchangedgreetingswiththeBlessedOne,andafterkathamsārānīyamvītisāretvātatthevantaradhāyimsu.exchangingpoliteandcourteousgreetings,vanishedrightthere.AppekacceyenaBhagavātenañjalimSome,afterraisingtheirhandsinrespectfulsalutationpanāmetvātatthevantaradhāyimsu.totheBlessedOne,vanishedrightthere.Appekaccenāmagottamsāvetvātatthevantaradhāyimsu.Some,afterannouncingtheirnameandfamilyvanishedrightthere.Appekaccetunhībhūtātatthevantaradhāyimsūti.Andsome,whilekeepingsilent,vanishedrightthere.

ĀTĀNĀTIYAPART2

1.AthakhoBhagavātassārattiyāaccayenabhikkhūāmantesi:ThentheBlessedOnewhenthatnighthadpassedaddressedthemonks,saying:ImambhikkhaverattimCattāroMahārājā,“Thisnight,monks,theFourGreatKings,mahatiyācayakkhasenāya,mahatiyācagandhabbasenāya,withagreatarmyofyakkhas,withagreatarmyofgandhabbas,mahatiyācakumbhandasenāya,mahatiyācanāgasenāya,withagreatarmyofkumbhandas,withagreatarmyofnagas,catuddisamrakkhamthapetvā,catuddisamgumbamthapetvā,havingsetupaprotectionoverthefourquarters,havingsetserriedtroopsatthefourdirections,

catuddisamovaranamthapetvā,abhikkantāyarattiyā,havingsetupabarricadeatthefourdirections,attheendofthenight,abhikkantavannākevalakappamGijjhakūtamobhāsetvā,havinglitupthewholeofVultures’Peakwiththeirsurpassingbeauty,yenāhamtenupasamkamimsu,upasamkamitvāapproachedMe,andafterapproachingmamabhivādetvā,ekamantamnisīdimsu.andworshippingMe,theysatdownononeside.

2.Tepikho,bhikkhave,yakkhā,Thenofthoseyakkhas,monks,appekaccemamabhivādetvāekamantamnisīdimsu.some,afterworshippingMe,satdownononeside.Appekaccemamasaddhimsammodimsu,SomeexchangedgreetingswithMe,sammodanīyamkathamsārānīyamvītisāretvā,ekamantamnisīdimsu.andafterexchangingpoliteandcourteousgreetings,satdownononeside.Appekacceyenāhamtenañjalimpanāmetvā,ekamantamnisīdimsu.Some,afterraisingtheirhandsinrespectfulsalutationtome,satdownononeside.Appekaccenāmagottamsāvetvā,ekamantamnisīdimsu.Some,afterannouncingtheirnameandfamily,satdownononeside.Appekaccetunhībhūtāekamantamnisīdimsu.Some,whilekeepingsilent,satdownononeside.EkamantamnisinnokhobhikkhaveVessavanoMahārājāmametadavoca:Then,whilesittingononeside,monks,theGreatKingVessavanasaidthistoMe:

3.SantihibhanteulārāyakkhāBhagavatoappasannā,‘Thereare,VenerableSir,somehighrankingyakkhaswhoarenotpleasedwiththeBlessedOne,santihibhanteulārāyakkhāBhagavatopasannā,thereare,VenerableSir,somehighrankingyakkhaswhoarepleasedwiththeBlessedOne,santihibhantemajjhimāyakkhāBhagavatoappasannā,thereare,VenerableSir,somemiddlerankingyakkhaswhoarenotpleasedwiththeBlessedOne,santihibhantemajjhimāyakkhāBhagavatopasannā,thereare,VenerableSir,somemiddlerankingyakkhaswhoarepleasedwiththeBlessedOne,santihibhantenīcāyakkhāBhagavatoappasannā,thereare,VenerableSir,somelowrankingyakkhaswhoarenotpleasedwiththeBlessedOne,santihibhantenīcāyakkhāBhagavatopasannā.thereare,VenerableSir,somelowrankingyakkhaswhoarepleasedwiththeBlessedOne.

4.YebhuyyenakhopanabhanteyakkhāappasannāyevaBhagavato.But,VenerableSir,almostalloftheyakkhasarenotpleasedwiththeBlessedOne.Tam kissa hetu? Whatisthereasonforthat?BhagavāhibhantepānātipātāveramaniyāDhammamdeseti,Because,VenerableSir,theBlessedOnepreachestheDhammaofrefrainingfromkillinglivingcreatures,

adinnādānāveramaniyāDhammamdeseti,preachestheDhammaofrefrainingfromtakingwhathasnotbeengiven,kāmesumicchācārāveramaniyāDhammamdeseti,preachestheDhammaofrefrainingfromsexualmisconduct,musāvādāveramaniyāDhammamdeseti,preachestheDhammaofrefrainingfromfalsespeech,surāmerayamajjapamādatthānāveramaniyāDhammamdeseti.preachestheDhammaofrefrainingfromliquor,wines,orintoxicantswhichcauseheedlessness.

5.Yebhuyyenakhopanabhanteyakkhāappativiratāyevapānātipātā,But,VenerableSir,almostalloftheyakkhasdonotrefrainfromkillinglivingcreatures,appativiratāadinnādānā,donotrefrainfromtakingwhathasnotbeengiven,appativiratākāmesumicchācārā,donotrefrainfromsexualmisconduct,appativiratāmusāvādā,donotrefrainfromfalsespeech,appativiratāsurāmerayamajjapamādatthānā.donotrefrainfromliquors,wines,orintoxicantswhichcauseheedlessness.Tesamtamhotiappiyamamanāpam.Tothemthatisneitherdearnorappealing.

6.SantihibhanteBhagavatosāvakāaraññe,Thereare,VenerableSir,disciplesoftheBlessedOneinthewilderness,vanapatthānipantānisenāsanānipatisevanti,whoarepractisinginremotejungledwellingplaces,appasaddāni,appanigghosāni,vijana-vātāni,wherethereislittlesound,littlenoise,whichhavealonelyatmosphere,manussarāhaseyyakāni,patisallānasāruppāni.lyinghiddenawayfrommen,whicharesuitableforseclusion.TatthasantiulārāyakkhānivāsinoAndtherearehighrankingyakkhassettledthereyeimasmimBhagavatopāvacaneappasannā.whoarenotpleasedwiththewordsoftheBlessedOne.

7.TesampasādāyaugganhātubhanteBhagavā‘Ātānātiyam’rakkham,Topleasethem,VenerableSir,maytheBlessedOneallowthis‘Ātānātiya’protection,bhikkhūnam,bhikkhunīnam,upāsakānam,upāsikānam,forthemonks’,nuns’,laymen’s,andlaywomen’sguttiyā,rakkhāya,avihimsāya,phāsu-vihārāyāti.guard,protection,freedomfromharm,andcomfortableliving.’

8.Adhivāsesimkhoahambhikkhavetunhībhāvena.AndI,monks,bykeepingsilent,gaveconsent.AthakhobhikkhaveVessavanoMahārājāmamadhivāsanamviditvāThentheGreatKingVessavana,monks,havingunderstoodmyconsenttāyamvelāyamimam‘Ātānātiyam’rakkhamabhāsi:onthatoccasionrecitedthis‘Ātānātiya’protection:

9.Vipassissanamatthu—Cakkhumantassasirīmato,‘MayyourevereVipassī—thegloriousVisionary,Sikhissapinamatthu—Sabbabhūtānukampino,mayyourevereSikhī—whohaspityonallbeings,Vessabhussanamatthu—Nahātakassatapassino,mayyourevereVessabhū—theaustereone,cleansed(ofcorruptions),NamatthuKakusandhassa—Mārasenāpamaddino,mayyourevereKakusandha—whohascrushedMara’sarmy,Konāgamanassanamatthu—Brāhmanassavusīmato,mayyourevereKonāgamana—theaccomplishedbrahmin,Kassapassanamatthu—Vippamuttassasabbadhi.mayyourevereKassapa—whoisfreeineveryrespect.Angīrasassanamatthu—Sakyaputtassasirīmato,MayyourevereAngīrasa—theglorioussonoftheSakyans,YoimamDhammamadesesi—Sabbadukkhāpanūdanam.hewhopreachedthisDhamma—whichisthedispellingofallsuffering.

10.Yecāpinibbutāloke—Yathābhūtamvipassisum,Thosewhoareemancipatedintheworld—whohaveinsight(intothings)astheyare,Tejanāapisunā—Mahantāvītasāradā,thosepeoplefreefrommaliciousspeech—whoaregreatandfullymature,Hitamdevamanussānam—YamnamassantiGotamam,theywillreverethatGotamawhoisofbenefittogodsandmen,Vijjācaranasampannam—Mahantamvītasāradam.whohasunderstandingandgoodconduct—whoisgreatandfullymature.

11.Yatouggacchatīsuriyo—Ādiccomandalīmahā,Fromwherethesuncomesup—thesonofAditi,thegreatcircle,Yassacuggacchamānassa—Samvarīpinirujjhati,whilethatoneiscomingup—thedarknessofnightcomestoanend,Yassacuggatesuriye—Divasotipavuccati,andafterthesunhascomeup—itissaidtobethedaytime,Rahadopitatthagambhīro—Samuddosaritodako,thereisadeeplakeinthatplace—anoceanwherethewatershaveflowed,Evamnamtatthajānanti—Samuddosaritodako,thusinthatplacetheyknowthereis—anoceanwherethewatershaveflowed,ItosāPurimādisā—Itinamācikkhatījano.fromherethatistheEasterlydirection—sothepeopledeclare.Yamdisamabhipāleti—Mahārājāyasassiso,Thatdirectioniswatchedover—byaresplendentGreatKing,Gandhabbānamādhipati—Dhataratthoitināmaso.heistheMasterofthegandhabbas—Dhatarattha,suchishisname.Ramatīnaccagītehi—Gandhabbehipurakkhato,Hedelightsinsonganddance—heishonouredbygandhabbas,Puttāpitassabahavo—Ekanāmātimesutam,healsohasagreatmanysons—allofonename,soIhaveheard,Asītimdasaekoca—Indanāmāmahabbalā,theyareeightyandtenandone—Indabyname,onesofgreatstrength,TecāpiBuddhamdisvāna—Buddhamādiccabandhunam,they,havingseentheAwakenedOne—theBuddha,Kinsmanofthesun,

Dūratovanamassanti—Mahantamvītasāradam:fromafar,doreverencehim—whoisgreatandfullymature:Namotepurisājañña!—Namotepurisuttama!‘Reverencetoyou,Excellentone!—Reverencetoyou,Supremeone!’