Post on 02-Jan-2022
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Simulation Techniques & Systems
for EW Test & Evaluation
Dr Bob Andrews
EW SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY LTD
&
AOC International Region 1 Director
11/2013 1
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Congratulations
• The Board of Directors of the AOC congratulate Dr Sultan and the Saudi Arabia Chapter for their assistance and support of this event.
• The Saudi Arabia Chapter is the fastest growing AOC Chapter
11/2013 2
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
11/2013 3
OUTLINE
• EW T&E Requirements
• Historical Progress
• Scenarios for T&E
• Modelling requirements for realism
• DASS Testing
• Summary and Conclusions
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
11/2013 4
EW T&E Requirements
• Performance testing
– prove the specification
• Test the limits of performance
– How does the system degrade?
• Test the system functionality
– does it work properly?
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
11/2013 5
Early Radar Operation and Test
Radar Receiver Test Facility - 1941
Radar Operator - 1941
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
1970’s Introduction of Simulators
11/2013 7 7
State of
the Art
32-bits!
256k
Memory!
5MB
Winchester
Hard Drive
1hr processing
for 1 sec
scenario
VAX 11/750
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Moore’s Law Effect on T&E
11/2013 9
Processing Power
Doubles Every 2 Years
T&E Systems need to cope
With EW system increase
In performance
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Emitter Simulation is Key
• Essential requirement for T&E systems is accurate emitter simulation
• Emitters include radar and EO types
• Simulation must provide complete range of emitter parameters and be fully programmable
11/2013 10
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Emitter Simulation
11/2013 11
Allows Full
Parameter
Programming
Of Radar
Signals
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Simplest EW Simulator
• Allows the user to simulate a radar using a programmable signal generator
• Provides a test for “does the system work?”
11/2013 14
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Simulators and Scenarios
• Scenarios enable controlled, realistic and repeatable EW T&E
• Scenarios enable EW T&E systems to simulate motion = added realism to test EW processing algorithms
• Motion can be simulated in two ways
– single plane (up/down range)
– full 3D (Az, El, Height, Roll, Pitch, Yaw) 11/2013 15
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Up/Down Range Simulation
• EW T&E systems operating as a point source – no angular information
• System provide correct and accurate range vs attenuation simulation
• Enables EW system dynamic range and sensitivity measurement and checks
11/2013 16
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Simulator Effects in RWRs
11/2013 18
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
T1 T2 T3 T4
Range
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Simulator Effects in MAWS
11/2013 19
UV Simulator
Missile Launch Profile
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Required T&E Realism Models • 6 DOF space and full platform dynamic
simulation modelling
• Propagation modelling – radar range equation, over-the-horizon diffraction, atmospheric effects, multipath effects, scintillation, fading
• Fast scenario updates (<1 msec) for platforms, emitters and propagation effects
11/2013 20
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Evolution of EW T&E Simulators
• Legacy stand-alone EW system testing
• Fully integrated DAS T&E
11/2013 22
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Legacy EW Systems
11/2013 23
RWR MAW
ECM Chaff Flares
Radar X
X
•Stand alone systems
•Separate displays
and processing
•Only ‘processed’ data available
to other systems
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Legacy System Testing
11/2013 24
RWR
ECM Chaff
RF
Stim
MAW
Flares
UV/IR
Stim
Radar
Target
Gen
•Individual test sets
•Uncorrelated sensor
stimuli
•Separate data analysis
•Considerable amount of
testing carried out
•Laborious
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
DAS Components
DAS
COMPUTER
RWR MAW LWR
ECM Chaff Flares
Sensors
Effectors
3-5 and 8-11 micron
Radar
Up to 40 GHz I/J-Band
A/C Systems
Data Bus
DASS computer processes
raw data from the sensors
to make its decisions
DIRCM
25 11/2013
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
DAS Primary Processing Functions
• Fuse sensor data to enhance target recognition effectiveness
• Correlate sensor data to enable high accuracy targeting
• Provide coordinated countermeasures to maximise platform survivability
Sensor integrated testing is essential in order to
verify these functions
26 11/2013
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Requirements for Multi-Sensor Testing
• Provide coherent stimuli to all
sensors
• Provide stimuli at the same time
• Generate stimuli from a common scenario = tactical engagement modelling
• Repeatable scenarios
• Multi-spectral (“DC to Light”) 27 11/2013
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Requirements for Multi-Sensor Testing
• One integrated software scenario
generator
• All types of emitters – radar, electro-optic = multi-spectral
• Fast updates, highly realistic emitter generation, fully represented propagation modelling
28 11/2013
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Evolution of Integrated Test System
THREAT
STIMULATOR
•Scenario
generation
•Emitters
•Platforms
IR/UV
STIMULATOR
•IR Profiles
•IR signatures
•UV launch
profiles
Control
LASER
STIMULATOR
•Laser
Designator
profiles
Control
DRFM
RADAR
TARGET
GENERATOR
Target RCS
JEM Lines
Chaff models
Control
RWR MAW LWR RADAR
Common Control
29 11/2013
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Integrated System Testing Requirements
RWR
MAW
LWR
Radar
RF Stim
IR Stim
Laser Stim
Target Gen
Central Control Computer
•Common Scenario Generation
•Control of All Stimulators
•Linked to Data Analysis Systems
To/from data analysis
systems
30 11/2013
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Integrated 6 DOF T&E System
11/2013 32
Realistic Multi-Spectral EW
Theatre scenario with moving
platforms/emitters
Emitter Activity Script
RWR/
MAW
Receiver
Hardware
Nav Data
Receive Antenna
Models
Realistic EW
Environment
Display or
Other
Systems
EW Simulator
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
The Way Forward
• Challenges
– T&E systems performance needs to be better than EW systems
– Digital receiver technology demands better noise floors
– T&E simulation systems are expensive
11/2013 34
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
The Way Forward
• Solutions
– COTS products will reduce over costs
– Arbitrary waveform generators can provide better signal generation
– FPGAs can provide advanced signal simulation and fast processing
– Photonics technology can enable wider bandwidths
11/2013 35
PROPRIETARY INFORMATION
Summary and Conclusions
• Simulation is essential part of EW T&E
• T&E systems are required at development, production, acceptance and in-service stages
• Simulation techniques provide highly realistic scenarios for T&E systems
• Integrated DAS testing relies heavily on accurate multi-spectral simulation T&E systems
• T&E must always be at least as good as the system it tests
11/2013 36