Simulation Techniques & Systems for EW Test & Evaluation

PROPRIETARY INFORMATION

Simulation Techniques & Systems

for EW Test & Evaluation

Dr Bob Andrews

EW SIMULATION TECHNOLOGY LTD

&

AOC International Region 1 Director

11/2013 1


Congratulations

• The Board of Directors of the AOC congratulate Dr Sultan and the Saudi Arabia Chapter for their assistance and support of this event.

• The Saudi Arabia Chapter is the fastest growing AOC Chapter

11/2013 2


11/2013 3

OUTLINE

• EW T&E Requirements

• Historical Progress

• Scenarios for T&E

• Modelling requirements for realism

• DASS Testing

• Summary and Conclusions


11/2013 4

EW T&E Requirements

• Performance testing

– prove the specification

• Test the limits of performance

– How does the system degrade?

• Test the system functionality

– does it work properly?


11/2013 5

Early Radar Operation and Test

Radar Receiver Test Facility - 1941

Radar Operator - 1941


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1950’s and 1960’s

Dedicated Test Facilities Begin

to Emerge


1970’s Introduction of Simulators

11/2013 7 7

State of

the Art

32-bits!

256k

Memory!

5MB

Winchester

Hard Drive

1hr processing

for 1 sec

scenario

VAX 11/750


1980’s to Today

11/2013 8 8


Moore’s Law Effect on T&E

11/2013 9

Processing Power

Doubles Every 2 Years

T&E Systems need to cope

With EW system increase

In performance

//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Transistor_Count_and_Moore's_Law_-_2011.svg


Emitter Simulation is Key

• Essential requirement for T&E systems is accurate emitter simulation

• Emitters include radar and EO types

• Simulation must provide complete range of emitter parameters and be fully programmable

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Emitter Simulation

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Allows Full

Parameter

Programming

Of Radar

Signals


Emitter Simulation

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Real Signal

Simulation

Visualisation Tools


Antenna Pattern Simulation

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Antenna Pattern Viewer


Simplest EW Simulator

• Allows the user to simulate a radar using a programmable signal generator

• Provides a test for “does the system work?”

11/2013 14


Simulators and Scenarios

• Scenarios enable controlled, realistic and repeatable EW T&E

• Scenarios enable EW T&E systems to simulate motion = added realism to test EW processing algorithms

• Motion can be simulated in two ways

– single plane (up/down range)

– full 3D (Az, El, Height, Roll, Pitch, Yaw) 11/2013 15


Up/Down Range Simulation

• EW T&E systems operating as a point source – no angular information

• System provide correct and accurate range vs attenuation simulation

• Enables EW system dynamic range and sensitivity measurement and checks

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Up/Down Range T&E Systems

• Direct-connect T&E

• Radiating T&E

11/2013 17


Simulator Effects in RWRs

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0

2

4

6

8

10

12

T1 T2 T3 T4

Range

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=uhYJ8kNntAtFiM&tbnid=1j2m8Fn99eTd1M:&ved=0CAgQjRwwAA&url=http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Radar-warning-receiver&ei=L_N_Uuj0LceshQemmYD4Cg&psig=AFQjCNHm6MVy_DCK3sFA2JPuicDlIf1DdA&ust=1384203439823609

http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/2708/index.htm


Simulator Effects in MAWS

11/2013 19

UV Simulator

Missile Launch Profile

http://www.fileformat.info/info/unicode/char/2708/index.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:USMC-090212-M-6603L-077.jpg


Required T&E Realism Models • 6 DOF space and full platform dynamic

simulation modelling

• Propagation modelling – radar range equation, over-the-horizon diffraction, atmospheric effects, multipath effects, scintillation, fading

• Fast scenario updates (<1 msec) for platforms, emitters and propagation effects

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Full EW Simulation

11/2013 21

Radar Threats

EO/IR Threats


Evolution of EW T&E Simulators

• Legacy stand-alone EW system testing

• Fully integrated DAS T&E

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Legacy EW Systems

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RWR MAW

ECM Chaff Flares

Radar X

X

•Stand alone systems

•Separate displays

and processing

•Only ‘processed’ data available

to other systems


Legacy System Testing

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RWR

ECM Chaff

RF

Stim

MAW

Flares

UV/IR

Stim

Radar

Target

Gen

•Individual test sets

•Uncorrelated sensor

stimuli

•Separate data analysis

•Considerable amount of

testing carried out

•Laborious


DAS Components

DAS

COMPUTER

RWR MAW LWR

ECM Chaff Flares

Sensors

Effectors

3-5 and 8-11 micron

Radar

Up to 40 GHz I/J-Band

A/C Systems

Data Bus

DASS computer processes

raw data from the sensors

to make its decisions

DIRCM

25 11/2013


DAS Primary Processing Functions

• Fuse sensor data to enhance target recognition effectiveness

• Correlate sensor data to enable high accuracy targeting

• Provide coordinated countermeasures to maximise platform survivability

Sensor integrated testing is essential in order to

verify these functions

26 11/2013


Requirements for Multi-Sensor Testing

• Provide coherent stimuli to all

sensors

• Provide stimuli at the same time

• Generate stimuli from a common scenario = tactical engagement modelling

• Repeatable scenarios

• Multi-spectral (“DC to Light”) 27 11/2013


Requirements for Multi-Sensor Testing

• One integrated software scenario

generator

• All types of emitters – radar, electro-optic = multi-spectral

• Fast updates, highly realistic emitter generation, fully represented propagation modelling

28 11/2013


Evolution of Integrated Test System

THREAT

STIMULATOR

•Scenario

generation

•Emitters

•Platforms

IR/UV

STIMULATOR

•IR Profiles

•IR signatures

•UV launch

profiles

Control

LASER

STIMULATOR

•Laser

Designator

profiles

Control

DRFM

RADAR

TARGET

GENERATOR

Target RCS

JEM Lines

Chaff models

Control

RWR MAW LWR RADAR

Common Control

29 11/2013


Integrated System Testing Requirements

RWR

MAW

LWR

Radar

RF Stim

IR Stim

Laser Stim

Target Gen

Central Control Computer

•Common Scenario Generation

•Control of All Stimulators

•Linked to Data Analysis Systems

To/from data analysis

systems

30 11/2013


Integrated Up/Down Range T&E

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RF

UV

IR

MULTI-SPECTRAL


Integrated 6 DOF T&E System

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Realistic Multi-Spectral EW

Theatre scenario with moving

platforms/emitters

Emitter Activity Script

RWR/

MAW

Receiver

Hardware

Nav Data

Receive Antenna

Models

Realistic EW

Environment

Display or

Other

Systems

EW Simulator


Integrated 6 DOF T&E

11/2013 33


The Way Forward

• Challenges

– T&E systems performance needs to be better than EW systems

– Digital receiver technology demands better noise floors

– T&E simulation systems are expensive

11/2013 34


The Way Forward

• Solutions

– COTS products will reduce over costs

– Arbitrary waveform generators can provide better signal generation

– FPGAs can provide advanced signal simulation and fast processing

– Photonics technology can enable wider bandwidths

11/2013 35


Summary and Conclusions

• Simulation is essential part of EW T&E

• T&E systems are required at development, production, acceptance and in-service stages

• Simulation techniques provide highly realistic scenarios for T&E systems

• Integrated DAS testing relies heavily on accurate multi-spectral simulation T&E systems

• T&E must always be at least as good as the system it tests

11/2013 36


Questions

11/2013 37

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Simulation Techniques & Systems for EW Test & Evaluation

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