Post on 17-Jan-2015
description
US HISTORYOBJECTIVE 3.01
AND 3.02
3.01 Trace the economic, social, and political events from the Mexican War to the outbreak of the Civil War.
3.02 Analyze and assess the causes of the Civil War.
Review
Expansion of slavery is dividing North and SouthNorth abolitionist movements
○ William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, Sojourner Truth, Nat Turner’s Rebellion
South defend slavery as “necessary evil”○ Economy depends on Slave labor
Westward expansion will increase these tensions as southerners look to expand slavery
Missouri Compromise
Review3 parts of the Missouri Compromise
○ Maine admitted as Free State○ Missouri admitted as Slave State○ 36’30” line divides country (above is free and
below is slave)
Westward expansion will create the need for a new compromise over expansion of slavery
Clay’s Compromise of 1850 Westward expansion opens debate of slavery Henry Clay- known as the Great Compromiser Compromise of 1850
California admitted as a Free StateCongress passes the Fugitive Slave Act
○ Requires citizens to turn in any slave that is attempting or has escaped
○ Failing to turn these people in will result in punishment by law
○ Southern states will favor this act
Compromise of 1850
1) California admitted as a free state
2) Green- free states and territories
3) Yellow- slave states and territories
4) Purple- open to slavery
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) This act will reverse the Missouri
Compromise Stephen Douglas will promote the idea
of popular sovereigntyStates will now have the right to vote on
being slave or free Based on Ideas of 10th Amendment
Powers not delegated to US, are reserved to states or the people
Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
1) Light Green- slave states2) Light Pink- free states3) Brown- now open to popular sovereignty
Bleeding Kansas Since Kansas can
now vote on being a slave or free state a showdown is set.Pro-slavery and
anti-slavery supporters move into Kansas to influence the vote
Lead to bloodshed and fights between pro and anti-slavery groups
Other Events
Underground RailroadMovement of slaves to the North and
Canada using secret hideoutsReason South calls for Fugitive Slave LawHarriet Tubman is famous conductor of the
Underground Railroad
Other Events Cont.
John Brown’s RaidJohn Brown will raid a federal weapons
arsenal in Harper’s Ferry, VirginiaBrown wanted to give weapons to slaves to
start a revoltBrown and his men will be captured and
hung
Other Events Cont.
Harriet Beecher StoweWrite book Uncle Tom’s Cabin in 1852Book describes the humanity of
slaves and the inhumanity of slaveryNorth- use this to defend abolitionSouth- say the book is full of lies and
be angered by what they see as false information
Stowe will be called “The little lady who started the big War” by Pres. Lincoln
Sumner-Brooks Affair
1856South Carolina Senator Preston Brooks
attacks Massachusetts Senator Charles Sumner on Senate floor in Washington, DC
Dred Scott v. Sandford March 1857 Dred Scott- slave suing for freedom (living in
free territory) Court ruling
1. Slaves were not citizens and could not sue in federal court
2. Missouri Compromise unconstitutional- US could not forbid slavery in any territory
Reaction North outraged South- supportive
Further divide North and South
over slavery issue
Rise of Republican Party and Lincoln Republican Party- form around one
issue---- Abolish Slavery Gain in strength throughout the 1850s Most famous and influential leader will
be Abraham Lincoln
Abraham Lincoln Lincoln-Douglas Debates
During the Senate Race in 1858Lincoln (Republican)- did not want immediate
end to slavery but supported an end to expansion of slavery
Stephen Douglas (Democrat)- supported popular sovereignty
Lincoln will lose the election His ideas will become central to Republican
Party and help him win presidential election in 1860
Election of 1860
4 CandidatesLincoln- Republican2 Democrats- split the vote1 third party
Lincoln wins without a single electoral vote from South (South feels as if their votes no longer matter)
Immediate result- Southern states start to secede (led by South Carolina)
Southern Secession
After Election of 1860- southern states secede (leave) the UnionLed by South CarolinaSet up the Confederate States of America
○ Constitution will permit slavery and give states most power
Elect Jefferson Davis as President of the Confederate States