Post on 07-Jul-2018
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
1/51
Telecommunications and Networks
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
2/51
Learning Objectives
Identify major developments and trends in the
industries, technologies, and business
applications of telecommunications andInternet technologies.
Identify the basic components, functions, and
types of telecommunications networks used
in business.
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
3/51
ection I
The Networked !nterprise
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
4/51
Networking the !nterprise
Networking business and employees
"onnecting them to customers,
suppliers, and other stakeholders.
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
5/51
Trends in Telecommunications
Industry#ore competitive
#ore options for the firmTechnology$nrestricted connectivity !asy access for end users
Open systems $se common standards for hardware, software,
applications, % networking.
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
6/51
Trends in Telecommunications &continued'
Technology &continued'(igh degree of interoperability
)igital networks (igher transmission speeds #oves larger amounts of information *reater economy Lower error rates
#ultiple types of communications on the same circuits
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
7/51
Trends in Telecommunications &continued'
Technology &continued' +iberoptic lines % cellular, -", satellite % other wireless
technologies +aster transmission speeds
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
8/51
Trends in Telecommunications &continued'
usiness applications)ramatic increase in the number of feasible
telecommunication applications."ut costs, reduce lead times, shorten response
times, support ecommerce, improve
collaboration, share resources, lock in
customers % suppliers, % develop new products
% services
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
9/51
The Internet
/ network of networks
-opular uses!mail
Instant messaging
rowsing the 0orld 0ide 0eb
Newsgroups and chat rooms
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
10/51
The Internet &continued'
The business value of the Internet
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
11/51
Intranets
0ithin an organi1ation
$ses Internet technologies
usiness value of Intranets$sed for information sharing, communication,
collaboration, % support of business processes.
0eb publishing "omparatively easy, attractive, % lower cost alternative for
publishing % accessing multimedia business information
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
12/51
Intranets &-ortals'
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
13/51
!2tranets
Network links that use Internet
technologies to interconnect the firm3s
intranet with the intranets of customers,suppliers, or other business partners"onsultants, subcontractors, business
prospects, % others
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
14/51
!2tranets &continued'
usiness valueImprove communication with customers
and business partners*ain competitive advantage in -roduct development"ost savings
#arketing)istribution Leveraging their partnerships
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
15/51
ection II
Telecommunications Network
/lternatives
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
16/51
Telecommunications Network /lternatives
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
17/51
/ Telecommunications Network #odel
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
18/51
/ Telecommunications Network #odel
&continued'
"onsists of five basic componentsTerminals
/ny input4output device that usestelecommunication networks to transmit or
receive data
Telecommunication processors upport data transmission and reception
between terminals and computers
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
19/51
/ Telecommunications Network #odel
&continued'
Telecommunications channels The medium over which data are transmitted
and received
"omputers Interconnected by telecommunications networks
Telecommunications control software
"ontrol telecommunications activities % managethe functions of telecommunications networks
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
20/51
Types of Telecommunications Networks
0ide /rea Networks &0/N'"over a large geographic area.
Local /rea Networks &L/N'"onnect computers % other information
processing devices within a limited physical
area."onnected via ordinary telephone wiring, coa2ial
cable, or wireless radio % infrared systems
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
21/51
Types of Telecommunications Networks
&continued'
5irtual -rivate Networks / secure network that uses the Internet as
its main backbone network, but relies onfire walls and other security features
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
22/51
Types of Telecommunications Networks
&continued'
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
23/51
Types of Telecommunications Networks
&continued'
"lient4erver Networks"lients 6 end user -"s or N"s
erver 6 helps with application processingand also manages the network
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
24/51
Types of Telecommunications Networks
&continued'
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
25/51
Types of Telecommunications Networks
&continued'
Network computing7the network is the computer8
Thin clients process small application programscalled 7applets.8
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
26/51
/ Telecommunications Network #odel
&continued'
-eerto-eer &-9-'Two major models
"entral server architecture
-ure peertopeer
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
27/51
Telecommunications #edia
Twistedpair wire "oa2ial cable
#inimi1es interference and
distortion /llows highspeed data
transmission
+iber optics *lass fiber that conducts
pulses of light generated bylasers i1e and weight reduction Increased speed and
carrying capacity
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
28/51
0ireless Technologies
Terrestrial #icrowaveLineofsight path between relay stations
spaced appro2imately :; miles apart.
"ommunications atellites
*eosynchronous orbitserve as relay stations for communications
signals transmitted from earth stations
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
29/51
0ireless Technologies &continued'
"ellular % -" ystems!ach cell is typically from one to several
s
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
30/51
#commerce
Transactions and nontransaction functions
over wireless networks
*rowth due to= Newer and smaller technologies
#ore mobile populations
)eregulation of telecommunication markets
Less costly infrastructure than wired alternative
lower to grow in $ than !urope and /sia
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
31/51
#commerce
Issues >elatively slow
transmission speeds
creen si1e
attery technology
-)/ and smart phone
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
32/51
"ellular Networks
Overlapping towers
ignal picked up by closest tower and
transferred on /#- standard &T/" in !$>O-!'
-" and various alternative standards
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
33/51
0ireless /pplication -rotocol
0/- forum
0/- pro2y server
Issues in 0eb service >e
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
34/51
Imode
0ireless Internet service
?;@ of Aapanese market
0hy so popularB Lack of easy and based Internet access in
Aapan
Lower -" penetration in Aapan !2tensive wireless coverage
>eturns money to website providers
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
35/51
-ersonal /rea Networks
"onnection of computer to peripherals or
other computers
"onnect -)/ and desktop computer everal connection methods=
luetooth (radio frequency – up to 300 feet)(radio frequency – up to 300 feet)
Ir)/ &Infrared' (cheap)(cheap) 0ireless L/N C;9.DDb 6 wireless !thernet
(more reliable)(more reliable)
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
36/51
New *enerations of 0ireless Networks
:* network roadband up to 9 #bps
-acket switched "ombine prior incompatible system
(agreement on standards)(agreement on standards)
5irtual home environment
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
37/51
Telecommunications -rocessors
#odems &modulation4demodulation'"hanges signals from analog to digital and
back to analog
#ultiple2ers
/llows a single communication channel tocarry simultaneous data transmissions from
many terminals
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
38/51
Telecommunications -rocessors
&continued'
Internetwork -rocessorswitches
#akes connections between telecomm circuitsso a message can reach its intended destination
>outer Interconnects networks based on different rules
or protocols
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
39/51
Telecommunications -rocessors
&continued'
(ub -ort switching communications processor
*ateway / processor that interconnects networks that
use different communications architecture
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
40/51
Telecommunications oftware
-rovides a variety of communications
support services including connecting %disconnecting communications links %
establishing communications
parameters such as transmissionspeed, mode, and direction.
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
41/51
Telecommunications oftware &continued'
Network #anagementTraffic management
ecurityNetwork monitoring
"apacity planning
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
42/51
Network Topologies
tar Ties end user computers to a central computer
"onsidered the least reliable
>ing &sometimes called Token >ing'
Ties local computer processors together in aring on a more e
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
43/51
Network Topologies &continued'
usLocal processors share the same bus, or
communications channelTree is a variation which ties several bus
networks together
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
44/51
Network Topologies &continued'
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
45/51
Network /rchitectures % -rotocols
-rotocols / standard set of rules % procedures for the
control of communications in a networktandards for the physical characteristics of
cables and connectors
Network /rchitecture*oal is to promote an open, simple, fle2ible,
efficient telecommunications environment
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
46/51
Network /rchitectures and -rotocols
&continued'
OI #odel
T"-4I-Transmission "ontrol -rotocol4Internet
-rotocol$sed by the Internet and all intranets and
e2tranets
OI &Open Systems
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
47/51
OI &Open Systems
Interconnections)-rotocol #odel
/pplication
-resentation
ession
Transport
Network
)ata link
-hysical#nemonics= /ll -eople eem To Need )ata -rocessing
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
48/51
OI Layers
Application
Presentation(Http, T!!, "P#$)
%ession(&!%, %', P*)Transport
(T*P,+P)
&et-or.(P,/%P!,*P)
ata in.(AP,%P,PPP)
Physical
*ommunication setup
ata to application layer
nitial contact
#nd to end integrity
efines Protocols
ata to application layer
outing
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
49/51
andwidth /lternatives
andwidth is the fre
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
50/51
witched Networks
Pac.et s-itchedPac.et s-itched and circuit s-itchedcircuit s-itched ntegrated %er1ices igital &et-or.ntegrated %er1ices igital &et-or.
(%&)(%&) !rame elay!rame elay
"ommitted information rate )ata bursts
Asynchronous Transfer ode (AT)Asynchronous Transfer ode (AT) 5arious speeds and scalability
The Internet
8/18/2019 Presentation on Telecommunication Network
51/51
Eey -oints=
"onnecting the business and employees
with customers,suppliers and stakeholders.
Trends in telecommunications providesinformation about the uses of
telecommunications in different sectors.
>ole of internet in usiness. #commerce is the less costly
infrastructure than wired application.
Optical fiber is the ma2imally used