Novec 1230™

SYSTEM DESIGN

3M™ Novec 1230™ Fire Protection Fluid

Design Concepts

•Total Flooding Fire Protection System– Must have an enclosure

– Agent mixes with atmosphere to protect

entire volume– No local application

– Agent mixing performed by nozzles

Design Concepts

•Enclosure Integrity

– Air leaks effectively sealed

– Door fan test is used to determine

whether or not integrity exists

– Procedure in Appendix C of NFPA 2001

– Must be performed on all new installations

Design Concepts

•Duration of Protection– “...(Extinguishing concentration) shall be

maintained for the specified period of time

to allow effective emergency action by

trained personnel.” -NFPA 2001, Section 5.6

– Hold time is typically 10 minutes, but not

standard– Refer to local AHJ

Design Concepts

•Discharge Time– Must be 10 seconds or less

– Rapid extinguishment reduces production of

by-products (HF)

– Per NFPA 2001 5.7.1.2.1

– Software will issue a warning for less

than 6 seconds

HAZARD SURVEY AND ANALYSIS

Perform Hazard Survey

•Define Hazard:

– Enclosure boundaries

– Enclosure integrity exists?

– Fuels

– Hazard type (Class A, B, C or D)

– MSDS for chemicals present

Required Data

– Dimensions

– Ambient Temperature Range

– Min. and Max.

– Occupancy Requirements

– Normally occupied?

Determine Novec 1230 Suitability

•Novec 1230 is suitable for:

– Class A: Fires in ordinary combustibles

– Class B: Flammable Liquid Fires

– Class C: Fires involving energized

electrical equipment

Determine Novec 1230 Suitability

•Novec 1230 is NOT suitable for use with:– Deep seated fire hazards

– Metal fires per NFPA 2001, par. 1.4.2.2

– Certain chemicals capable of rapid oxidation in

the absence of air: gunpowder,

– Reactive metals: sodium, magnesium, etc.

– Metal hydrides

– Chemicals capable of undergoing autothermal

decomposition

Determine Novec 1230 Suitability

•Operating temperature range for Novec 1230 equipment is 32°F to 130°F

AGENT QUANTITY

Extinguishing Concentration

•NFPA 2001 5.4.2

– Class A extinguishing concentration

determined as part of witness testing

– UL 2166

– Class B extinguishing concentrations

determined by cup burner test

– Appendix B

Minimum Design Concentration

•NFPA 2001 5.4.2– Class A design concentration

– EC x 1.2

– Class B design concentration– MCB x 1.3

– Class C design concentration must be at least

that for Class A

– Manual-Only systems design concentration– EC x 1.3

Minimum Design Concentration

•Determined by Hazard Analysis:

– Class A Hazard: 4.2% (Minimum)

– Class C Hazard: At least that of Class A:

4.2%

– Manual-Only systems: 4.6%

Minimum Design Concentration

•Determined by Hazard Analysis:

– Class B Hazard:

– Reference list in manual or

call Kidde

Minimum Design Concentration•Class B Reference list

Minimum Design Concentration

•If multiple fuels and/or classifications are present, highest applicable concentration is used

Minimum Design Quantity (MDQ)

Equation

-or-

Table

•Dimensions taken during hazard analysis

•OK to subtract permanent volume reductions– Columns– Platforms

•Do NOT subtract for equipment and moveable objects!

Calculate Volume

Design Temperature

•To calculate agent quantity, use minimum expected ambient temperature

•Agent concentration is proportional to air temperature– Same quantity of agent will result in a low

concentration at low temperatures and a high concentration at high temperatures

MDQ Calculation Example

•Enclosure is 10 ft. W x 10 ft. L x 10 ft. H

•Min Ambient Temperature = 70°F

•Class A Surface Fire Hazard

MDQ Calculation Example

Volume = 1000 ft.3

s = 0.9856 + (0.002441 x 70°F) = 1.1565

W = (1000 ft.3 / 1.1565 ) x (4.2% / 100% - 4.2%) = 37.9 lb.

- or -Flooding Factor(4.2%, 70°F) = 0.0379 lb./ft.3

W = 1000 ft.3 x 0.0379 lb./ft. 3 = 37.9 lb.

EXAMPLE PROBLEMS

Correct For Pressure Differentials

•Must correct if ±11% or more from normal

barometric pressure at sea level– Approximately ± 3000 feet from sea level

•Reference Table 5.5.3.3 in NFPA 2001

(also in manual)– Atmospheric correction

– Highly pressurized; keep dust out

– Highly depressurized; keep particles in

EXAMPLE PROBLEMS

Minimum Design Concentration

vs. Adjusted Design Concentration•Minimum Design Concentration is the

minimum required per NFPA 2001

•Adjusted Design Concentration is the concentration used to calculate the quantity of agent in the cylinder– ADC >= MDC

AGENT STORAGE CONTAINER LOCATION

KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location

•As close as possible to or within the protected enclosure– Per NFPA 2001

KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location

•Floor loading

– Container weight plus

agent weight

KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location

•Space requirements

– Single/Multiple cylinders

– Space for riser and attached controls

KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location

•Accessibility– Cylinder(s) accessible

for maintenance

KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location

•Storage temperature– Balanced or Single Hazard

Systems

= 32°F to130°F

– Unbalanced, Multi-Hazard

Systems

= 60°F to 80°F

KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location

•Storage temperature– If necessary, build an enclosure

and control temperature

– Does not reflect hazard

temperature(s)

KIDDE

Agent Storage Container Location

•Classified areas– Explosion-proof equipment

needed/available?

Novec 1230™SERIES SYSTEMS

NOVEC 1230 Nozzles

•Two nozzle types– 180° Nozzle– 360° Nozzle

•Nozzle sizes– 3/8” through 2”– 1/4” offered - Non UL and FM

•All nozzles must be pendant (hanging down)

Wid

th (

W)

Length (L)

1/3 L 1/3 L 1/3 L

1/3 W

1/3 W

1/3 W

Acceptable 180 degree nozzle location

NOVEC 1230 Nozzles

•180° Nozzle– Placed 6” ± 2” from a wall

– Orifices aimed away from the wall

– 6 - 19” ± 2” from ceiling to orifices

– As close to center of the wall as possible– At least 1/3

– No corner placement

Wid

th (

W)

Length (L)

1/3 L 1/3 L 1/3 L

1/3 W

1/3 W

1/3 W

Acceptable 360 degree nozzle location

NOVEC 1230 Nozzles

•360° Nozzle– Discharges agent in a

360° pattern

– Placed as close to center

of hazard as possible

– 6” to 19” from ceiling to

orifices

Novec 1230 Discharge

•Discharged as both liquid and vapor

•When near obstructions, liquid will “splash”

– Will effect the mixing of agent in the space due to reduced momentum in discharge.

Min 6' Min 6'

Min 6'

Min 6'

Min 6'

Min 6'

Min 6'

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations

•Proximity of nozzles to significant obstructions– 6 ft. of clearance between

nozzle and wall

(or significant obstruction)

– Additional agent can be

discharged to

compensate for “losses”

on obstructions

Min 10'

Min 10' Min 10'

Min 10'

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations

•Proximity of multiple nozzles– At least 10 ft. of clearance between

nozzles

2' (Min 1')

Imaginary boundary

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations

•Back-to-Back 180° Nozzles– 1 ft. to 2 ft. apart– Must face away from each other– Nozzles discharge equal quantities

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Locations

•For smaller enclosures

– Recommend using 180 nozzles in order

to meet 6 ft. clearance

– Recommend placing 180 nozzles along

longest wall to allow maximum

clearance in all directions

d

d

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Coverage

•Tested 35.6 ft. x 35.6 ft. Rectangle– (10.9 m x 10.9m)

•Actual coverage area defined as rectangle with diagonal, d

• 180°-d = 39.8 ft.(12.1m) 360°–d = 25.2 ft.(7.7 m)

NOVEC 1230 Nozzle Height

•Maximum height for single nozzle is 16 ft.

•Minimum height– 1 ft. for UL Listed systems

Max 16’

Max 16’

Nozzle Tiering

•Use two rows of nozzles to protect enclosures greater than 16 ft. high (note max elevation difference limit)

Quantity of Nozzles

•Not always dictated by coverage area

•Coverage volume 35.6 ft. x 35.6 ft. x 12

ft. requires 574 lb. of Novec 1230– Will not discharge out of a single nozzle

within 10 seconds!

•Rule of Thumb:– Approximately 200 lb. per nozzle

Novec 1230™Engineered System Limits

NOVEC 1230 Engineered Systems

•Hydraulic flow calculations used as basis of design– Allows for unbalanced systems

– Allows designer to use smaller pipe

– Use computer software to run flow

calculations

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees

•Tee Parameters:

– Tee Orientation

– Flow Splits

– Bull Tees

– Side Tees

– “10 Pipe Diameters”

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees

•Orientation

– 1 inlet

– May be horizontal or vertical (bull head tee

only)

– 2 outlets

– Both must be horizontal

IN

OUT OUT

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees

•Bull tee flow split

– Minimum imbalance: 50/50

– Maximum imbalance: 75/25

SIDE OUTLET(10 - 35)

INRUN OUTLET

(90 - 65)

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees

•Side tee flow split– Minimum imbalance: 65/35

– Maximum imbalance: 90/10

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Tees

•“10 Pipe Diameters” Rule:– Length of pipe between a tee and a

change in direction must be equal to 10 times the nominal diameter of the pipe– A change in direction is defined as either

an elbow or another tee

– Must be adhered to before and after the tee

– Only necessary if the tee feeds agent to

separate hazards

KIDDE KIDDE KIDDE

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout

•Keep network as simple, balancedand short as possible

•Consider structural members for hanging/bracing

•Avoid obstructions

Max 20’

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout

•Maximum allowable elevation difference in system piping (outlet and furthest horizontal pipe run/nozzle, or nozzles) is 20 ft.

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout

•Percent of Agent in Pipe

– Percentage of the available agent that is

required to fill the pipe network

– Maximum 100%

– Affected by agent quantity, pipe lengths

and pipe diameters

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout

•Percent of Agent Before 1st Tee is 2%

– Percentage of the available agent that is

required to fill the pipe network between

the cylinder outlet and the first tee

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Layout

•Arrival Time Imbalance– Difference in time between when the agent

reaches the first nozzle and when it reaches the last nozzle

– Max 1.0 seconds (Subject to change)

•Runout Time Imbalance– Similar to Arrival Time Imbalance, but refers to

when agent runs out at each nozzle

– Max 3.2 seconds (Subject to change)

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Pipe Sizes

•Pipe sizes are estimated by the software based on quantity of agent designated to each nozzle– Flow rate = lb. of Novec 1230 in branch /

10 seconds– Pipe estimating table in DIOM manual

(Table 3-6)

•Some manual changes may be required

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Pipe Sizes

•Pipe sizes 1/2” through 6” are listed/approved– Largest Nozzle Size is 2”

•Smaller than 1/2” is available in software, but not listed/approved– Smallest Nozzle Size is 3/8”

– 1/4” nozzle is available (Unapproved

systems only)

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Nozzles

•Minimum Nozzle Pressure– 91 psig (per UL 2166 Requalification)

NOVEC 1230 Piping Network: Hydraulic Calculation

•Enter:– Enclosure info– Agent quantity– Agent Source– Pipe network

•Run Main Calculations

•Verify system acceptance

Hints, Tips and Other Considerations

Multiple Systems / Single Hazard

•If enclosure is large, consider using:– Multiple, modular NOVEC 1230 systems,

which will discharge simultaneously,

located throughout the hazard

– However - With 100% Agent in Pipe limit

- Novec flows well in complex pipe

networks.

Single System / Multiple Hazards

•If protecting more than four enclosures that are not connected, consider:

– Separate NOVEC 1230 systems

Agent Migration

• If protecting a single space with multiple nozzles, each nozzle should discharge the quantity of agent required by the nozzle’s design coverage area

– Maximum of 5% of the required agent may be discharged by a nozzle protecting an adjacent area

Designing for Multiple Hazards

•For more than one hazard, design with an adjusted concentration of 4.2% or higher

– Extra agent will make flow splits a lot

easier

– NOTE: Still use 4.2% as minimum

Tee Design Factor

•NFPA 2001 5-5.3.1– Starting from each hazard, count:

– Every tee within the hazard that splits to a

separate hazard

– Each tee between entry point to hazard and

the agent source (not including tees in a

manifold)– Reference Table 5-5.3.1 in NFPA 2001

for additional agent required

Tee Design Factor Example

Tee Design Factor Example

– Maximum tee count is 6

– From NFPA 2001, Table 5-5.3.1, a tee

count of 6 requires a 0.02 (2%) safety

factor